CN106387045A - Hot water pasteurization device of fresh milk and automatic control method thereof - Google Patents
Hot water pasteurization device of fresh milk and automatic control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106387045A CN106387045A CN201610826174.2A CN201610826174A CN106387045A CN 106387045 A CN106387045 A CN 106387045A CN 201610826174 A CN201610826174 A CN 201610826174A CN 106387045 A CN106387045 A CN 106387045A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C3/00—Preservation of milk or milk preparations
- A23C3/02—Preservation of milk or milk preparations by heating
- A23C3/03—Preservation of milk or milk preparations by heating the materials being loose unpacked
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hot water pasteurization device of fresh milk and an automatic control method thereof. The hot water pasteurization device comprises a raw material milk barrel, a hot water barrel, a raw material milk sterilizer, a sterilized milk cooler, a raw material milk metering pump, a hot water metering pump, a connecting pipe and a PLC control system. A thermocouple is used to determine temperatures of fresh milk and heated hot water, the metering pump is used to determine the control flows of the fresh milk and heated hot water, and the PLC automatically adjusts a flowing ratio of the fresh milk and heated hot water so that the automatic control method of setting a sterilization temperature and sterilization time is realized. The automatic control method realizes precise control of the sterilization temperature of 80 to 85 DEG C and the sterilization time of 13-15 seconds, improves bactericidal efficiency and effects, reduces a milk nutrition loss after sterilization, retains the flavor and taste of the sterilized milk and prolongs a shelf life and a storage period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fresh milk hot water heating adopts the sterilized device of Pasteur's method and sterilized autocontrol method, belong to
Fresh milk manufacture field, particularly one kind, by measuring fresh milk and heat hot water temperature, control fresh milk and heat hot water flow, accurately
The device of sterilization of quick cooling and its autocontrol method of sterilizing after controlling disappear fresh milk sterilization temperature, sterilizing time and sterilization.
Background technology
Pasteurization is used for the sterilization of milk at first, its objective is to kill all harmful microorganisms that may be present in milk
（Including pathogenic bacteria）.Milk pasteurize is one of current the most preferable, maximally effective sterilization of milk method, can play sterilized effect
Really, nutrition can be kept again, be not added with any preservative, be conducive to eater healthy, particularly can extend the shelf life and
Storage period.
Pasteurization general in the world at present mainly has two kinds:The first is by Milk During Heating to 62-65 DEG C, keeps
30 minutes.Various growth type pathogenic bacteria in milk can be killed, sterilizing efficiency up to 97.3%-99.9%, sterilized after residual only
It is part Thermophilic Bacteria and heat resistance bacterium and gemma etc., but these bacteriums occupy the majority is lactic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria is not only to people no
Evil is good for health on the contrary.This method uses less at present.Second method is by Milk During Heating to 75-90 DEG C, is incubated 15-16
Second, its sterilizing time is shorter, and operating efficiency is higher.But the basic principle of sterilization is, pathogen can be killed, temperature is too
High, high-temperature time is oversize has more nutritive loss on the contrary.
Through research study, the most milk pasteurization machines sold on the market at present and use, can not well according to
Second method carries out sterilization it is impossible to strict control 75-90 DEG C of ground sterilization temperature and sterilizing time 15-16 second, in practical operation
Have " treating different things alike 30 minutes " phenomenons more, and antivirus time long efficiency is low, does not cool down after high temperature, for a long time in sterilization temperature insulation or
Natural cooling, big energy-consuming, milk nutritive loss are big, taste bad, and milk fragrant smell disappears, and bactericidal effect is poor simultaneously, pasteurize
There is quality testing department selective examination staphylococcus aureus and the unqualified phenomenon of coliform in milk.
Content of the invention
The invention aims to solving with above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of milk hot water heating is provided to kill using Pasteur's method
The device of bacterium and autocontrol method, by measuring fresh milk and heat hot water temperature, control the flow of fresh milk and heat hot water,
Sterilized in special sterilizer, after precise control fresh milk sterilization temperature, sterilizing time and sterilization the sterilizing unit of quick cooling and
Its sterilized autocontrol method, high degree of automation, labour intensity, sterilization of high efficiency are greatly reduced, sterilized milk is greatly decreased
Nutritive loss, keeps milk fragrant smell and the mouthfeel of sterilized milk.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of fresh milk hot water pasteurizing device, including：Raw material milk churn, hot water barrel, raw material milk sterilizer, sterilized milk cooler,
Raw material milk measuring pump, measurement of hot water pump, connecting pipe and PLC control system；
Described raw material milk churn, with electric drive agitator, raw material milk heating temperature control device, raw material milk electric heater, and with pipeline with
Sterilizer enters milk mouth and is connected, equipped with raw material milk valve, raw material milk measuring pump, raw material milk temperature transmitter on connecting pipe；
Described hot water barrel, with electric drive agitator, hot water heating temperature controller, electric water heater, and with pipeline and sterilizer
Hot water mouth is connected, equipped with hot water valve, measurement of hot water pump, hot water temperature's transmitter on connecting pipe；
Described sterilizer, with raw material milk import, hot water inlet, sterilizer shell, sterilization tube, sterilized milk temperature transmitter, on
Milk box, sterilizer tube sheet, hot water outlet, lower milk box.The milk mouth that enters of described sterilizer is connected with raw material milk milk bucket outlet pipeline
Connect, raw material milk flows into upper milk box and is evenly distributed to each sterilization tube, and hot water inlet pipeline is connected with hot water barrel's hot water outlet, heat
Water out pipeline is connected with hot water barrel's water return outlet, and sterilized milk collects inflow cooler cooling in lower milk box；
Described cooler, with sterilized milk import, upper milk box, cooling water inlet, cooler casing, cooling tube, cooling milk temperature
Transmitter, radiator tube plate, coolant outlet, cooling milk outlet, lower milk box, cooling water pipe and cooling water pump.Described cooler
Sterilized milk import is connected with sterilizer sterilization milk outlet(discharge) flange, and sterilized milk flows into upper milk box and is evenly distributed to each cooling tube, cold
But water inlet pipeline is connected with recirculated cooling water, and the cooling water after using returns recirculated cooling water from coolant outlet pipeline,
Cooling milk collects outflow, as pasteurized milk in lower milk box, enters refrigerating box or refrigerator refrigeration is deposited；
Described PLC control system, including PLC（Containing control software）, measurement pick-up instrument（Including raw material milk temperature pick-up
Device, raw material milk flow transmitter, hot water temperature's transmitter, hot water flow transmitter, sterilized milk temperature transmitter, cool down milk temperature
Transmitter）, actuator（Including raw material milk heating temperature control device, hot water heating temperature controller, raw material milk measuring pump and measurement of hot water pump.
A kind of autocontrol method of milk hot water pasteurize, measures fresh milk and heat hot water temperature by thermocouple,
Measured by measuring pump and control fresh milk and heat hot water flow, fresh milk and heat hot water flow-rate ratio are automatically adjusted by PLC, reaches
The sterilization temperature setting and the autocontrol method of sterilizing time, comprise the steps：
Step（1）：Set raw material milk setting value T1With hot water temperature controller desired temperature T2, open raw material milk heater and stir
Mix, open hot-water heater and stirring；
Step（2）：After raw material milk temperature all reaches setting value with hot water temperature controller temperature, open raw material milk measuring pump and hot water
Measuring pump, opens cooler cooling water valve simultaneously；
Step（3）：Hot water T is measured by raw material milk temperature transmitter1, hot water T is measured by hot water temperature's transmitter2, pass through
Sterilized milk temperature transmitter measures sterilized milk temperature T3, measure cooling milk temperature T by cooling down milk temperature transmitter4；By raw material
Milk measuring pump meter feedstock milk volume flow FM1, by measurement of hot water pump-metered hot water flow FM2；
Step（4）：Flow-rate ratio K determines：According to the law of conservation of energy between raw material milk, hot water, sterilized milk, by the temperature of measurement
（T1、T2、T3）With flow（FM1、FM1）Numerical value change is fed into PLC, and according to formula（1）, formula（2）Enter row operation；
C1M1（T1-T3）= C2M2（T3-T2）（1）
K= M1/M2×100% ≈FM1/FM2（2）
Wherein：M1、M2For the quality of raw material milk and hot water, the mass M of raw material milk1=p 1×FM1, the mass M of hot water2=p 2×
FM2, whereinp 1、p 2For the density of raw material milk and hot water, by measuring,p 1、p 2It is regarded as constant；
T1、T2For the design temperature of raw material milk and hot water, can be according to actual conditions sets itself, T3For the temperature of sterilized milk,
Can be according to regulative mode different set or mensure, general control is at 80 ~ 85 DEG C；
FM1、FM2For the flow of raw material milk and hot water, measured by respective measuring pump flowmeter；
K is raw material milk and hot water quality's ratio, due top 1Withp 2Difference very little, it is raw material milk and hot water stream that K can also be approximately considered
The ratio of amount；
PLC can need to preset ratio K according to sterilization, sees formula（2）, can be by M in concrete control1Or M2Wherein one
Individual fixation, will corresponding flow FM1、FM2One of fixing；Due to raw material milk temperature T1, hot water temperature T2Can voluntarily set
Fixed, general T1It is located at 45 ~ 50 DEG C, T2It is located at 90 ~ 95 DEG C, sterilized milk temperature T3Need usually 80 ~ 85 DEG C according to sterilization, by formula
（1）, formula（2）The K value that can be fixed, K value can set after being computed；
Step（5）：The antivirus time determines.Required according to pasteurize, sterilizing time controls in the 13-15 second, that is, set raw material milk
Flow through sterilizer time control in the 13-15 second；
Step（6）：Adjust raw material milk measuring pump make raw material milk volume flow to setting numerical value FM1, adjusting measurement of hot water pump makes hot water stream
Amount sets numerical value FM2.For specific sterilizer, pipe diameter d of sterilization tube, length L and quantity n are fixing, flow through within 15 seconds and kill
The raw material milk volume of bacterium device：
V=15×FM1= n×L×πdd/4 （3）
By formula（3）Available：
FM1= n×L×（πdd/4）/15 （4）
By formula（4）Can draw, for specific sterilizer（Specification has determined that）With specific sterilizing time 15 seconds, raw material
Milk volume flow FM1Value is to determine.By raw material milk volume flow F when practical operation controlsM1Be transferred to this fixed value, fixing raw material milk metering
Pump frequency, realizes flow FM1Stable, PLC control system, according to the K value setting, adjusts F by adjusting measurement of hot water pump frequencyM2,
To FM1/FM2Implementation ratio controls；
Step（6）：Sterilized milk cooling：Sterilized milk outlet temperature T3Need usually 80 ~ 85 DEG C according to sterilization, after sterilized milk cooling
Temperature is usually 30 ~ 40 DEG C, starts cooling water pump, adjusts cooling water valve aperture, and after making sterilized milk cooling, temperature control is usual
For 35 DEG C about, deposit subsequently into refrigerating box or refrigerator refrigeration.
A kind of autocontrol method of milk hot water pasteurize, including being produced by below automatic control process：
（1）Raw material milk temperature T1With hot water temperature T2Automatic control process：According to T1Setting value, by raw material milk heating temperature control
Device automatically adjusts raw material milk electric heater and realizes raw material milk temperature, according to T2Setting value, automatic by hot water heating temperature controller
Adjust electric water heater and realize hot water temperature；
（2）Raw material milk volume flow FM1It is transferred to the fixed value of budget, fixing raw material milk metering pump frequency, realize flow FM1Stable, PLC
Control system, according to the K value setting, adjusts F by adjusting section measurement of hot water pump frequency automaticallyM2, to FM1/FM2Implementation ratio controls,
Realize the control of sterilization temperature and sterilizing time.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
(1) present invention automatically control the continuity that can meet milk hot water heating pasteurize with stability it is ensured that fresh
Milk and heat hot water Flow-rate adjustment instantaneity and accuracy are it is achieved that the essences of 80 ~ 85 DEG C of sterilization temperature and sterilizing time 13-15 second
Really control, improve germicidal efficiency it is ensured that bactericidal effect, after antivirus, milk nutritive loss is few, maintain the milk of sterilized milk
Fragrance and mouthfeel, can extend the shelf life and storage period；
(2) compare with Non-follow control, automatically control the labour intensity reducing sterilization, improve the control of process for sterilizing process
Level and efficiency.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the automation sterilization schematic flow sheet of the present invention, and dotted line inframe is automatic control flow chart figure；
Fig. 2 is the production automatic control flow chart block diagram of the present invention；
In figure：1 raw material milk churn, 2. raw material milk agitator, 3. raw material milk heating temperature control device, 4. raw material milk electric heater, 5. raw material
Milk valve, 6. raw material milk measuring pump, 7. raw material milk flow transmitter, 8. PLC control system, 9. hot water barrel, 10. hot water stirs
Device, 11. hot water temperature's controllers, 12. electric water heaters, 13. finished product milk churns, 14. sterilizers, 15. sterilized milk temperature become
Send device, 16. sterilized milk coolers, 17. chiller temperature transmitters, 18. circulating cooling water valves, 19. measurement of hot water pumps, 20.
Hot water flow transmitter, 21. hot water valve.With not between raw material milk churn 1, raw material milk valve 5, raw material milk measuring pump 6 and sterilizer 14
Rust steel conduit connects, and is connected with stainless steel pipes between hot water barrel 9, hot water valve 21, measurement of hot water pump 19 and sterilizer 14, sterilized
It is connected with stainless steel pipes between device 14, sterilized milk cooler 16 and finished product milk churn 13.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in figure 1, the enforcement of the autocontrol method of the present invention, it is that raw material milk adds through raw material milk electricity in raw material milk churn 1
Hot device 4 heating and raw material milk agitator 2 stirring reach default temperature T1, through raw material milk measuring pump 6 and raw material milk volume flow pick-up
Device 7 controls through formula（4）Determination fresh milk flow FM1, passed through sterilizer 14 within 15 second time；Hot water warp in hot water barrel 9
Overheated Water electric heater 12 heating and hot water stirs' device 10 stirring reach default temperature T2, through measurement of hot water pump 19 and hot water stream
Transmitter 20 is controlled by formula by PLC control system 8（1）, formula（2）Determination hot water flow FM2, by hot water flow FM2Control
The sterilization temperature T3 of raw material milk processed and sterilizing time, are then out sterilizer 14, flow through sterilized milk cooler 16 and are cooled to temperature
Refrigerate after 35 DEG C.
By PLC automatic control system 8, pick-up is measured to preheating temperature T1 of raw material milk, hot water temperature T2, by former
Material milk temperature controller 3 controls raw material milk electric heater 4, and hot water temperature controller 11 controls electric water heater 12 to realize temperature control；Right
Raw material milk measuring pump 6 and measurement of hot water pump 19 carry out flow proportional and automatically control, and carry out temperature control to cooler, realize milk
The automated production of hot water pasteurize.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of autocontrol method of milk hot water pasteurize, comprise the steps：
Step（1）：Set raw material milk temperature controller 3 temperature value T1, set hot water temperature controller 11 temperature value T2, open raw material milk heating
Device 4 and agitator 2, open hot-water heater 12 and agitator 10；
Step（2）：Treat raw material milk temperature T1With hot water temperature T2After all reaching setting value, open raw material milk measuring pump 6 and hot water
Measuring pump 19, opens sterilized milk cooler 16 cooling water valve 18 simultaneously；
Step（3）：Hot water T is measured by raw material milk temperature controller 31, hot water T is measured by hot water temperature controller 112, by sterilized milk
Temperature transmitter 15 measures sterilized milk temperature T3, measure cooling milk temperature T by cooling down milk temperature transmitter 174；By raw material milk
Measuring pump meter feedstock milk volume flow FM1, by measurement of hot water pump-metered hot water flow FM2；Measurement result delivers to PLC；
Step（4）：Temperature by measurement（T1、T2、T3）With flow（FM1、FM2）Numerical value change is fed into PLC, and according to formula
（1）, formula（2）Determine flow-rate ratio K；
Step（5）：Required according to pasteurize, sterilizing time controls in the 13-15 second, that is, set raw material milk and flow through the sterilizer time
Control in the 13-15 second；
Step（6）：According to formula（4）Calculate raw material milk volume flow FM1, adjusting raw material milk measuring pump 6 makes raw material milk volume flow FM1To this meter
Count value, adjust measurement of hot water pump make hot water flow to correspondence numerical value FM2；
Step（6）：Open and adjust circulating cooling water valve 18 aperture, after making sterilized milk cooling, temperature control is on usually 35 DEG C of left sides
The right side, deposits subsequently into refrigerating box or refrigerator refrigeration.
Although the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines is described to the specific embodiment of the present invention, not model is protected to the present invention
The restriction enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme, and those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay the various modifications that creative work can make or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of fresh milk hot water pasteurizing device autocontrol method, is characterized in that：Described fresh milk hot water pasteurizing device,
Including：Raw material milk churn, hot water barrel, raw material milk sterilizer, sterilized milk cooler, raw material milk measuring pump, measurement of hot water pump, connecting tube
Road and PLC control system；
Methods described includes operating procedure is used as described below：
Step（1）：Set raw material milk temperature controller temperature control value T1, set hot water temperature controller temperature control value T2, open raw material milk
Heater and agitator, open hot-water heater and agitator；
Step（2）：Treat raw material milk temperature T1With hot water temperature T2After all reaching setting value, open raw material milk measuring pump and hot water meter
Amount pump, opens sterilized milk cooler cooling water valve simultaneously；
Step（3）：Hot water T is measured by raw material milk temperature controller1, hot water T is measured by hot water temperature controller2, by sterilized milk temperature
Transmitter measures sterilized milk temperature T3, measure cooling milk temperature T by cooling down milk temperature transmitter4；By raw material milk measuring pump meter
Content of starting materials milk volume flow FM1, by measurement of hot water pump-metered hot water flow FM2；Measurement result delivers to PLC；
Step（4）：Temperature by measurement（T1、T2、T3）With flow（FM1、FM2）Numerical value change is fed into PLC, and according to formula
（1）, formula（2）Determine flow-rate ratio K；
Step（5）：Required according to pasteurize, sterilizing time controls in the 13-15 second, that is, set raw material milk and flow through the sterilizer time
Control in the 13-15 second；
Step（6）：According to formula（4）Calculate raw material milk volume flow FM1, adjusting raw material milk measuring pump makes raw material milk volume flow FM1To this calculating
Numerical value, adjust measurement of hot water pump make hot water flow to correspondence numerical value FM2；
Step（7）：Open circulating cooling water valve and adjust aperture, after making sterilized milk cooling, temperature control is on usually 35 DEG C of left sides
The right side, deposits subsequently into refrigerating box or refrigerator refrigeration.
2. fresh milk hot water pasteurizing device autocontrol method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described raw material milk
Bucket, with electric drive agitator, raw material milk heating temperature control device, raw material milk electric heater, and enters milk mouth phase with pipeline and sterilizer
Connect, equipped with raw material milk valve, raw material milk measuring pump, raw material milk temperature transmitter on connecting pipe.
3. fresh milk hot water pasteurizing device autocontrol method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described hot water barrel,
With electric drive agitator, hot water heating temperature controller, electric water heater, and it is connected with sterilizer hot water mouth with pipeline, even
Equipped with hot water valve, measurement of hot water pump, hot water temperature's transmitter on adapter road.
4. fresh milk hot water pasteurizing device autocontrol method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described sterilizer,
With raw material milk import, hot water inlet, sterilizer shell, sterilization tube, sterilized milk temperature transmitter, upper milk box, sterilizer tube sheet,
Hot water outlet, lower milk box；The milk mouth that enters of described sterilizer is connected with raw material milk milk bucket outlet pipeline, and raw material milk flows into upper milk
Case is evenly distributed to each sterilization tube, and hot water inlet pipeline is connected with hot water barrel's hot water outlet, hot water outlet pipeline with heat
Bucket water return outlet is connected, and sterilized milk collects inflow cooler cooling in lower milk box.
5. fresh milk hot water pasteurizing device autocontrol method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described cooler,
With sterilized milk import, upper milk box, cooling water inlet, cooler casing, cooling tube, cooling milk temperature transmitter, cooler tube
Plate, coolant outlet, cooling milk outlet, lower milk box, cooling water pipe and cooling water pump；Described cooler sterilization milk import and sterilization
Device sterilization milk outlet connects, and sterilized milk flows into upper milk box and is evenly distributed to each cooling tube, cooling water inlet pipeline and circulation
Cooling water is connected, and the cooling water after using returns from coolant outlet pipeline and recycles, and cooling milk collects outflow in lower milk box,
It is pasteurized milk, enter refrigerating box or refrigerator refrigeration is deposited.
6. fresh milk hot water pasteurizing device autocontrol method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described PLC controls
System, including PLC（Containing control software）, measurement pick-up instrument（Become including raw material milk temperature transmitter, raw material milk volume flow
Send device, hot water temperature's transmitter, hot water flow transmitter, sterilized milk temperature transmitter, cooling milk temperature transmitter）With actuator
（Including raw material milk heating temperature control device, hot water heating temperature controller, raw material milk measuring pump and measurement of hot water pump）.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610826174.2A CN106387045A (en) | 2016-09-18 | 2016-09-18 | Hot water pasteurization device of fresh milk and automatic control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610826174.2A CN106387045A (en) | 2016-09-18 | 2016-09-18 | Hot water pasteurization device of fresh milk and automatic control method thereof |
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| CN106387045A true CN106387045A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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| CN201610826174.2A Pending CN106387045A (en) | 2016-09-18 | 2016-09-18 | Hot water pasteurization device of fresh milk and automatic control method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107192741A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-22 | 新希望乳业股份有限公司 | Guaranteed milk pasteurize retention time assay method |
| CN113303368A (en) * | 2021-06-13 | 2021-08-27 | 黑龙江赫铭达科技有限公司 | Active donkey milk pasteurization equipment |
| CN114868799A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-09 | 上海斯太堡实业有限公司 | Pasteurization system |
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| CN107192741A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-22 | 新希望乳业股份有限公司 | Guaranteed milk pasteurize retention time assay method |
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| CN113303368A (en) * | 2021-06-13 | 2021-08-27 | 黑龙江赫铭达科技有限公司 | Active donkey milk pasteurization equipment |
| CN114868799A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-09 | 上海斯太堡实业有限公司 | Pasteurization system |
| CN114868799B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-06-13 | 上海斯太堡实业有限公司 | Pasteurization system |
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Application publication date: 20170215 |