CN106361488A - Distal radius fracture wrist fixation protection tool - Google Patents
Distal radius fracture wrist fixation protection tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN106361488A CN106361488A CN201611074883.6A CN201611074883A CN106361488A CN 106361488 A CN106361488 A CN 106361488A CN 201611074883 A CN201611074883 A CN 201611074883A CN 106361488 A CN106361488 A CN 106361488A
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- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 206010037802 Radius fracture Diseases 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 101100291369 Mus musculus Mip gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 101150116466 PALM gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008275 binding mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 16
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 208000006358 Hand Deformities Diseases 0.000 abstract description 66
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010061363 Skeletal injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 206010018852 Haematoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010048049 Wrist fracture Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036269 ulceration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010028289 Muscle atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007659 motor function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020763 muscle atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000000585 muscular atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices ; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
- A61F5/013—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations for the arms, hands or fingers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices ; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/04—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints
- A61F5/05—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints for immobilising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices ; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/04—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints
- A61F5/05—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints for immobilising
- A61F5/058—Splints
- A61F5/05841—Splints for the limbs
- A61F5/05858—Splints for the limbs for the arms
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于桡骨远端骨折手腕固定护具,包括前臂方向依次连接的前臂捆绑机构、二自由度机构、手掌捆绑机构,前臂捆绑机构包括前臂固定上夹板、固定在前臂固定上夹板上的前臂固定后约束带以及与前臂固定上夹板通过约束带连接的前臂固定下夹板,手掌捆绑机构包括手背固定夹板、设置在手背固定夹板上的手掌固定约束带以及与手背固定夹板通过约束带连接的手掌固定夹板,二自由度机构包括与前臂固定上夹板相连接的旋转关节基座、与手背固定夹板连接的尺偏桡偏旋转关节、设置在所述旋转关节基座和尺偏桡偏旋转关节之间的掌倾背伸旋转关节;本发明能够代替石膏,对桡骨远端骨折的患者的手腕提供固定的作用,并且改善了石膏固定的一些缺点。
The invention discloses a wrist fixation protector based on distal radius fracture, which comprises a forearm binding mechanism, a two-degree-of-freedom mechanism, and a palm binding mechanism sequentially connected in the direction of the forearm. The upper forearm fixed rear restraint belt and the forearm fixed lower splint connected with the forearm fixed upper splint through the restraint belt, the palm binding mechanism includes the back of the hand fixed splint, the palm fixed restraint belt set on the back of the hand fixed splint and the back of the hand fixed splint through the restraint belt The connected palm fixed splint, the two-degree-of-freedom mechanism includes the rotary joint base connected with the forearm fixed splint, the ulnar deviation radial deviation rotary joint connected with the back of the hand fixed splint, the rotary joint base and the ulnar deviation radial deviation joint Palmar inclination dorsiflexion rotation joint between rotation joints; the present invention can replace plaster, provide fixation for the wrist of patients with distal radius fracture, and improve some shortcomings of plaster fixation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种桡骨远端骨折外固定护具,属于外固定医疗器械技术领域。The invention relates to an external fixation protector for distal radius fractures, belonging to the technical field of external fixation medical devices.
背景技术Background technique
桡骨远端骨折临床极为常见。目前,医生对患者进行传统手法复位后,均会给患者进行石膏外固定。石膏外固定存在以下等缺点:1、骨伤后,石膏打早了,水肿、血肿还没浮起,随着肿胀慢慢浮起,有可能形成水泡,如破裂有可能发生溃烂和感染;2、骨伤后肿胀形成,肿胀没有消退,如打石膏固定,随着肿胀慢慢消退,石膏里有空稀,石膏实际上并不能起到对患者的手腕进行固定的作用;3、石膏打上去之后就很难观察患者手腕的状况,不能对手腕骨折处进行一些物理因子的治疗。而且一些患者在骨折愈合到一定的阶段,需要恢复到功能位进行固定,这就需要把石膏拆掉重新进行石膏固定,操作十分麻烦。针对上述石膏固定的缺点,在临床上亟需一个穿戴方便的外固定护具。他能够易于观察患者手腕状况;能够根据患者手腕的肿胀情况,方便调整固定张紧度;能够方便调整手腕固定姿态;方便患者手腕进行物理因子治疗。Distal radius fractures are extremely common clinically. At present, doctors will perform plaster external fixation on patients after traditional manual reduction. Plaster external fixation has the following disadvantages: 1. After the bone injury, the plaster is applied early, and the edema and hematoma have not yet floated up. As the swelling slowly rises, blisters may form, and if they rupture, ulceration and infection may occur; 2. 1. Swelling after bone injury, swelling does not subside, such as plaster fixation, as the swelling subsides slowly, there is space in the plaster, and the plaster cannot actually fix the patient's wrist; 3. Plaster is applied After that, it is difficult to observe the condition of the patient's wrist, and it is impossible to treat some physical factors on the wrist fracture. Moreover, some patients need to return to the functional position for fixation when the fracture has healed to a certain stage, which requires removing the plaster and performing plaster fixation again, which is very troublesome to operate. In view of the above-mentioned shortcoming of plaster fixation, there is an urgent need for an external fixation protective device that is easy to wear clinically. It is easy to observe the condition of the patient's wrist; it is convenient to adjust the tension of the fixation according to the swelling of the patient's wrist; it is convenient to adjust the posture of the wrist fixation;
其次对于桡骨远端骨折,为了防止在骨折愈合过程中,因为上肢关节长期不运动而导致的肌肉萎缩和上肢运动功能丢失等问题,从骨折愈合的初期,必须给患者介入一些上肢的康复训练。目前人工介入的康复训练效果良好,但是由于人工成本高,康复医师资源紧缺,导致很多患者都没法获得良好的康复训练。所以亟需一款智能的手腕外固定护具,来辅助和督促患者在家进行自主的康复训练。Secondly, for distal radius fractures, in order to prevent muscle atrophy and loss of upper limb motor function caused by long-term inactivity of the upper limb joints during the fracture healing process, it is necessary to intervene in some upper limb rehabilitation training for patients from the initial stage of fracture healing. At present, the effect of manual rehabilitation training is good, but due to the high labor cost and the shortage of rehabilitation physician resources, many patients cannot obtain good rehabilitation training. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent wrist external fixation device to assist and supervise patients to carry out independent rehabilitation training at home.
发明内容Contents of the invention
技术问题:本发明提供一种能够满足临床实际需要的桡骨远端骨折手腕固定护具。该桡骨远端骨折手腕固定护具能够代替石膏的作用给患者的手腕提供稳定的外部固定。该智能护具还需要克服石膏固定一些缺点,能够穿戴方便,使医生易于观察患者手腕状况,能够根据患者手腕的肿胀情况,方便调整固定张紧度,能够方便调整手腕固定姿态,方便患者手腕进行物理因子治疗。Technical problem: The present invention provides a wrist fixation brace for distal radius fractures that can meet actual clinical needs. The wrist fixation brace for distal radius fracture can replace the role of plaster to provide stable external fixation for the patient's wrist. The smart protective gear also needs to overcome some disadvantages of plaster fixation. It is easy to wear, so that the doctor can easily observe the condition of the patient's wrist, and can easily adjust the tension of the fixation according to the swelling of the patient's wrist. Physical Factor Therapy.
技术方案:本发明的一种基于桡骨远端骨折手腕固定护具,包括前臂方向依次连接的前臂捆绑机构、二自由度机构、手掌捆绑机构,所述前臂捆绑机构包括前臂固定上夹板、设置在所述前臂固定上夹板上的前臂固定后约束带和前臂固定前约束带、与所述前臂固定上夹板通过前臂固定后约束带和前臂固定前约束带相连接的前臂固定下夹板;所述手掌捆绑机构包括手背固定夹板、设置在所述手背固定夹板上的手掌固定约束带、与所述手背固定夹板通过所述手掌固定约束带相连接的手掌固定夹板;所述二自由度机构包括与前臂固定上夹板连接的旋转关节基座、与手背固定夹板连接的尺偏桡偏旋转关节、设置在所述旋转关节基座和尺偏桡偏旋转关节之间的掌倾背伸旋转关节,所述旋转关节基座顶部设置有沿前臂方向排列的多个掌倾背伸固定孔,所述掌倾背伸旋转关节与旋转关节基座成球面配合的连接关系,并能相对旋转关节基座做竖直方向的转动,掌倾背伸旋转关节上设置有与掌倾背伸固定孔匹配的掌倾背伸固定销,所述掌倾背伸旋转关节上设置有水平方向排列的多个尺偏桡偏固定孔,所述尺偏桡偏旋转关节与掌倾背伸旋转关节成球面配合的连接关系,并能相对掌倾背伸旋转关节做水平方向的转动,尺偏桡偏旋转关节上设置有与尺偏桡偏固定孔匹配的尺偏桡偏固定销。Technical solution: A wrist fixation protector based on distal radius fracture of the present invention includes a forearm binding mechanism, a two-degree-of-freedom mechanism, and a palm binding mechanism sequentially connected in the direction of the forearm. The forearm fixed rear restraint belt and the forearm fixed front restraint belt on the forearm fixed upper splint, the forearm fixed lower splint connected with the forearm fixed upper splint through the forearm fixed rear restraint belt and the forearm fixed front restraint belt; the palm The binding mechanism includes a back of the hand fixed splint, a palm fixed restraint belt arranged on the back of the hand fixed splint, and a palm fixed splint connected to the back of the hand fixed splint through the palm fixed restraint belt; the two-degree-of-freedom mechanism includes a forearm The rotating joint base connected with the fixed upper splint, the ulnar-radial deviation rotating joint connected with the fixed splint on the back of the hand, and the palm tilt dorsi-extension rotating joint arranged between the rotating joint base and the ulnar-radial deviation rotating joint, the The top of the revolving joint base is provided with a plurality of palm inclination dorsiflexion fixing holes arranged along the direction of the forearm. Rotation in the vertical direction, the palm inclination and dorsiflexion joint is provided with a palm inclination and dorsiflexion fixing pin matching the palm inclination and dorsiflexion fixing hole, and the palm inclination and dorsiflexion joint is provided with a plurality of ulnar deviation radials arranged in the horizontal direction The partial fixation hole, the said ulnar deviation radial deviation joint and the palm tilt dorsiextension joint form a connection relationship of spherical fit, and can rotate in the horizontal direction relative to the palm tilt dorsiextension joint, and the ulnar deviation radial deviation joint is provided with Ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin matching the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing hole.
本发明装置的优选方案中,所述掌倾背伸旋转关节与旋转关节基座之间通过轴孔和水平设置的掌倾背伸右侧旋转轴、掌倾背伸左侧旋转轴连接,所述尺偏桡偏旋转关节与掌倾背伸旋转关节之间通过轴孔和竖向设置的尺偏桡偏旋转轴连接。In the preferred version of the device of the present invention, the palm inclination dorsiflexion rotation joint and the rotation joint base are connected through the shaft hole and the horizontally arranged palm inclination dorsiflexion right rotation axis and palm inclination dorsiversion left rotation axis, so The ulnar-radial-deviation rotary joint and the palm-inclined dorsiflexion rotary joint are connected through a shaft hole and a vertically arranged ulnar-radial rotation shaft.
本发明装置的优选方案中,所述前臂固定上夹板、前臂固定下夹板、手背固定夹板和手掌固定夹板上均设置有用于让约束带穿过的镂空槽。In a preferred version of the device of the present invention, the upper forearm fixing splint, the lower forearm fixing splint, the back of the hand fixing splint and the palm fixing splint are all provided with hollow grooves for the restraint belt to pass through.
本发明装置的优选方案中,所述掌倾背伸旋转关节的外表面从尺偏40度到桡偏40度每10度分布了一个尺偏桡偏固定孔。掌倾背伸旋转关节左右两边分别设置有掌倾背伸旋转关节掌倾背伸左侧旋转孔和掌倾背伸旋转关节掌倾背伸右侧旋转孔,掌倾背伸旋转关节顶部设置有掌倾背伸旋转关节尺偏桡偏旋转孔和掌倾背伸固定螺纹孔。In a preferred version of the device of the present invention, the outer surface of the palmar inclination dorsiflexion joint is provided with an ulnar deviation and radial deviation fixing hole every 10 degrees from 40 degrees of ulnar deviation to 40 degrees of radial deviation. The left and right sides of the palm tilt and back extension rotation joints are respectively provided with the left rotation hole of the palm tilt and back extension rotation joint and the right rotation hole of the palm tilt and back extension rotation joint, and the top of the palm tilt and back extension rotation joint is provided with Rotation hole for volar inclination and dorsiflexion joint ulnar deviation radial deviation and threaded hole for volar inclination and dorsiversion fixation.
本发明装置的优选方案中,所述旋转关节基座的上表面从背伸20度到掌倾60度每10度分布了一个掌倾背伸固定孔;旋转关节基座左右两边分别是旋转关节基座掌倾背伸左侧旋转孔和旋转关节基座掌倾背伸右侧旋转孔。In the preferred solution of the device of the present invention, the upper surface of the revolving joint base is provided with a palm inclination dorsiflexion fixing hole every 10 degrees from 20 degrees of dorsiflexion to 60 degrees of palm inclination; the left and right sides of the revolving joint base are revolving joints respectively The left rotation hole for palm tilt and dorsiflexion at the base and the right rotation hole for palm tilt and dorsiflexion at the base of the swivel joint.
本发明装置的优选方案中,所述尺偏桡偏旋转关节的顶部设置有尺偏桡偏旋转关节偏桡偏旋转孔,与尺偏桡偏旋转轴进行轴孔配合。尺偏桡偏旋转关节底部设置有个尺偏桡偏旋转关节卡槽,尺偏桡偏旋转关节前表面设置有尺偏桡偏固定螺纹孔。In a preferred solution of the device of the present invention, the top of the ulnar-radial-deviation rotary joint is provided with a radial-radial rotation hole, which is matched with the ulnar-radial rotation shaft. The bottom of the ulnar-radial-deviation rotary joint is provided with an ulnar-radial-deviation rotary joint clamping slot, and the front surface of the ulnar-radial-deviation rotary joint is provided with an ulnar-radial deviation fixing threaded hole.
本发明装置的优选方案中,所述前臂固定下夹板的前端和手掌固定夹板的后端之间留有间隙,并非将患者的整个手腕全包裹住。In the preferred version of the device of the present invention, there is a gap between the front end of the lower forearm fixing splint and the rear end of the palm fixing splint, which does not completely wrap the patient's entire wrist.
本发明护具代替石膏给桡骨远端骨折患者提供外部固定,并且能够辅助患者进行康复训练。The protector provided by the invention replaces gypsum to provide external fixation for patients with distal radius fractures, and can assist patients in rehabilitation training.
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:Beneficial effect: compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)、目前对于桡骨远端骨折的外固定,几乎都选用石膏固定。石膏固定不易拆卸,而且其全包裹的方式,使医生很难观察术后患者手腕部分的状况。该桡骨远端骨折手腕固定护具除了可以像石膏固定一样给患者的手腕提供稳定的外固定,本发明还易于穿戴,镂空处能够观察患者的手腕部分是否血肿和水肿,避免形成水泡后破裂发生溃烂和感染的情况;(1), at present, for external fixation of distal radius fractures, plaster fixation is almost all selected. The plaster fixation is not easy to disassemble, and its fully wrapped method makes it difficult for doctors to observe the condition of the patient's wrist after surgery. In addition to providing stable external fixation for the patient's wrist like a plaster fixation, the wrist fixation brace for distal radius fracture is also easy to wear, and the patient's wrist part can be observed for hematoma and edema at the hollowed out part, so as to avoid rupture after the formation of blisters ulceration and infection;
(2)、骨伤后肿胀形成,肿胀没有消退,如打石膏固定,随着肿胀慢慢消退,石膏里有空稀,石膏实际上并不能起到对患者的手腕进行固定的作用。而本发明易于穿戴调整的特征能够让医生根据患者手腕的肿胀情况,方便调整固定的张紧度;(2) Swelling is formed after the bone injury, and the swelling does not subside. If it is fixed with plaster, as the swelling subsides slowly, there will be voids in the plaster. In fact, the plaster cannot play a role in fixing the patient's wrist. The feature of the present invention, which is easy to wear and adjust, allows the doctor to conveniently adjust the fixed tension according to the swelling of the patient's wrist;
(3)、石膏固定和现在市面上有的外固定护具,都只能让患者的手腕固定在某一特定的位姿,不能进行调整。而本发明能够根据桡骨远端骨折愈合的不同阶段,方便地对手腕固定的位姿进行调整。除此之外,本发明在解除对手腕两个自由度运动的限制之后,还能方便患者进行康复训练;(3), plaster fixation and the external fixation protective gear that has on the market can only allow the patient's wrist to be fixed in a certain posture, and cannot be adjusted. However, the present invention can conveniently adjust the fixed posture of the wrist according to the different stages of distal radius fracture healing. In addition, the present invention can also facilitate rehabilitation training for patients after releasing the restriction on the movement of the two degrees of freedom of the wrist;
(4)、石膏固定和现在市面上有的外固定护具,都是将患者的手腕部分全包裹的,这样一些有利于骨折愈合的物理因子治疗将无法进行。本发明能将患者手腕骨折处的下方暴露出来,这样便能够方便医生在骨折愈合期间对患者进行一些物理因子的治疗;(4), gypsum fixation and the external fixation protective gear that has on the market now all wrap up the patient's wrist part completely, so some physical factor treatments that are beneficial to fracture healing will not be able to carry out. The present invention can expose the lower part of the patient's wrist fracture, so that it is convenient for the doctor to treat the patient with some physical factors during the fracture healing period;
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的整体示意图;Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2为本发明的另一视角示意图;FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another perspective of the present invention;
图3为本发明的尺偏桡偏旋转关节示意图;Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of ulnar deviation radial deviation rotary joint of the present invention;
图4为本发明的尺偏桡偏旋转关节的另一视角示意图;Fig. 4 is another perspective schematic view of the ulnar-radial deviation rotary joint of the present invention;
图5为本发明的掌倾背伸旋转关节示意图;Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of palm inclination dorsiflexion rotation joint of the present invention;
图6为本发明的掌倾背伸旋转关节的另一视角示意图;Fig. 6 is another perspective schematic view of the palm tilt dorsiflexion joint of the present invention;
图7为本发明的旋转关节基座示意图;Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the rotary joint base of the present invention;
图8为本发明的掌倾背伸固定销示意图;Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the fixed pin for palm inclination and dorsiflexion of the present invention;
图9为本发明的尺偏桡偏固定销示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the fixing pin for ulnar deviation and radial deviation of the present invention.
图中有:前臂固定上夹板1、前臂固定后约束带2、前臂固定前约束带3、旋转关节基座4、掌倾背伸固定销5、掌倾背伸旋转关节6、尺偏桡偏旋转轴7、尺偏桡偏旋转关节8、手掌固定约束带9、尺偏桡偏固定销10、手背固定夹板11、手掌固定夹板12、掌倾背伸右侧旋转轴13、掌倾背伸左侧旋转轴14、前臂固定下夹板15、前臂固定上夹板右上镂空槽101、前臂固定上夹板左上镂空槽102、前臂固定上夹板右下镂空槽103、前臂固定上夹板左下镂空槽104、旋转关节基座掌倾背伸右侧旋转孔401、掌倾背伸固定孔402、旋转关节基座掌倾背伸左侧旋转孔403、掌倾背伸固定销凹槽501、掌倾背伸固定销螺纹502、掌倾背伸固定销光轴503、掌倾背伸固定销光轴倒角504、掌倾背伸旋转关节掌倾背伸右侧旋转孔601、尺偏桡偏固定孔602、掌倾背伸旋转关节掌倾背伸左侧旋转孔603、掌倾背伸旋转关节尺偏桡偏旋转孔604、掌倾背伸固定螺纹孔605、尺偏桡偏旋转关节卡槽801、尺偏桡偏旋转关节偏桡偏旋转孔802、尺偏桡偏固定螺纹孔803、尺偏桡偏固定销凹槽1001、尺偏桡偏固定销螺纹1002、尺偏桡偏固定销光轴1003、尺偏桡偏固定销光轴倒角1004、手背固定夹板右镂空槽1101、手背固定夹板左镂空槽1102、手掌固定夹板右镂空槽1201、手掌固定夹板左镂空槽1202、前臂固定下夹板右上镂空槽1501、前臂固定下夹板左上镂空槽1502、前臂固定下夹板右下镂空槽1503、前臂固定下夹板左下镂空槽1504。In the figure: upper splint for forearm fixation 1, rear restraint belt for forearm fixation 2, front restraint belt for forearm fixation 3, rotating joint base 4, palm inclination dorsiextension fixing pin 5, palm inclination dorsiextension rotation joint 6, ulnar deviation radial deviation Rotation axis 7, ulnar deviation radial rotation joint 8, palm fixed restraint belt 9, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin 10, back of hand fixing splint 11, palm fixing splint 12, right rotation axis 13 of palm tilting back extension, palm tilting back extension Left side rotation shaft 14, forearm fixed lower splint 15, forearm fixed upper splint upper right hollow groove 101, forearm fixed upper splint left upper hollow groove 102, forearm fixed upper splint right lower hollow groove 103, forearm fixed upper splint left lower hollow groove 104, rotation Rotation hole 401 on the right side of the palm inclination and back extension of the joint base, 402 fixing holes for the palm inclination and back extension, 403 left rotation hole in the rotation joint base, palm inclination and back extension fixing pin groove 501, fixation of the palm inclination and back extension Pin thread 502, palm inclination back extension fixed pin optical axis 503, palm inclination back extension fixed pin optical axis chamfer 504, palm inclination back extension rotation joint palm inclination back extension right rotation hole 601, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing hole 602, Palm inclination and dorsal extension rotation joint Palm inclination and dorsal extension left rotation hole 603, palm inclination and dorsal extension rotation joint ulnar deviation radial deviation rotation hole 604, palm inclination and dorsal extension fixed thread hole 605, ulnar deviation and radial deviation rotation joint slot 801, ulnar deviation Radial deviation rotation joint radial deviation rotation hole 802, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing threaded hole 803, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin groove 1001, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin thread 1002, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin optical axis 1003, Optical axis chamfering of ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin 1004, right hollowed out groove of back of hand fixed splint 1101, left hollowed out groove of back of hand fixed splint 1102, right hollowed out groove of palm fixed splint 1201, left hollowed out groove of palm fixed splint 1202, upper right hollowed out of forearm fixed splint Groove 1501, forearm fixed lower splint left upper hollowed out groove 1502, forearm fixed lower splint right lower hollowed out groove 1503, forearm fixed lower splint left lower hollowed out groove 1504.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例和说明书附图,对本发明的技术方案进行详细的说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
如图1至图9所示,本发明是一种桡骨远端骨折手腕固定护具,该桡骨远端骨折手腕固定护具包括前臂固定上夹板1、前臂固定后约束带2、前臂固定前约束带3、旋转关节基座4、掌倾背伸固定销5、掌倾背伸旋转关节6、尺偏桡偏旋转轴7、尺偏桡偏旋转关节8、手掌固定约束带9、尺偏桡偏固定销10、手背固定夹板11、手掌固定夹板12、掌倾背伸右侧旋转轴13、掌倾背伸左侧旋转轴14、前臂固定下夹板15、前臂固定上夹板右上镂空槽101、前臂固定上夹板左上镂空槽102、前臂固定上夹板右下镂空槽103、前臂固定上夹板左下镂空槽104、旋转关节基座掌倾背伸右侧旋转孔401、掌倾背伸固定孔402、旋转关节基座掌倾背伸左侧旋转孔403、掌倾背伸固定销凹槽501、掌倾背伸固定销螺纹502、掌倾背伸固定销光轴503、掌倾背伸固定销光轴倒角504、掌倾背伸旋转关节掌倾背伸右侧旋转孔601、尺偏桡偏固定孔602、掌倾背伸旋转关节掌倾背伸左侧旋转孔603、掌倾背伸旋转关节尺偏桡偏旋转孔604、掌倾背伸固定螺纹孔605、尺偏桡偏旋转关节卡槽801、尺偏桡偏旋转关节偏桡偏旋转孔802、尺偏桡偏固定螺纹孔803、尺偏桡偏固定销凹槽1001、尺偏桡偏固定销螺纹1002、尺偏桡偏固定销光轴1003、尺偏桡偏固定销光轴倒角1004、手背固定夹板右镂空槽1101、手背固定夹板左镂空槽1102、手掌固定夹板右镂空槽1201、手掌固定夹板左镂空槽1202、前臂固定下夹板右上镂空槽1501、前臂固定下夹板左上镂空槽1502、前臂固定下夹板右下镂空槽1503、前臂固定下夹板左下镂空槽1504。As shown in Figures 1 to 9, the present invention is a wrist fixation protector for distal radius fracture, which includes a forearm fixation upper splint 1, a forearm fixation rear restraint belt 2, a forearm fixation front restraint Belt 3, rotating joint base 4, palm inclination dorsiflexion fixing pin 5, palm inclination dorsiflexion rotation joint 6, ulnar deviation radial deviation rotation axis 7, ulnar deviation radial deviation rotation joint 8, palm fixed restraint belt 9, ulnar deviation radial deviation Bias fixing pin 10, back of hand fixing splint 11, palm fixing splint 12, palm tilting back extension right rotation axis 13, palm tilting back extension left rotation axis 14, forearm fixing lower splint 15, forearm fixing upper splint right upper hollow groove 101, Forearm fixed upper splint left upper hollow groove 102, forearm fixed upper splint right lower hollow groove 103, forearm fixed upper splint left lower hollowed groove 104, rotation joint base palm tilt back extension right rotation hole 401, palm tilt back extension fixing hole 402, Revolving joint base left rotation hole 403 for palm inclination and back extension, palm inclination and back extension fixing pin groove 501, palm inclination and back extension fixing pin thread 502, palm inclination and back extension fixing pin optical axis 503, palm inclination and back extension fixing pin light Axis chamfering 504, palm inclination dorsiflexion rotation joint palm inclination dorsiversion right rotation hole 601, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing hole 602, palm inclination dorsiversion rotation joint palm inclination dorsiversion left rotation hole 603, palm inclination dorsiversion rotation Joint ulnar deviation radial deviation rotation hole 604, palm inclination dorsiflexion fixed threaded hole 605, ulnar deviation radial deviation rotation joint slot 801, ulnar deviation radial deviation rotation joint deviation radial deviation rotation hole 802, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixed threaded hole 803, Ulnar deviation radial deviation fixed pin groove 1001, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixed pin thread 1002, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixed pin optical axis 1003, ulnar deviation radial deviation fixed pin optical axis chamfer 1004, back of hand fixed splint right hollow groove 1101, back of hand Left hollow groove 1102 of fixed splint, right hollow groove 1201 of palm fixed splint, left hollow groove 1202 of palm fixed splint, upper right hollow groove 1501 of forearm fixed lower splint, left upper hollowed groove of forearm fixed lower splint 1502, forearm fixed lower splint right lower hollow groove 1503 , Forearm fixed splint lower left hollow groove 1504.
掌倾背伸固定销5的顶端是掌倾背伸固定销凹槽501,上部分为掌倾背伸固定销螺纹502,与掌倾背伸固定螺纹孔605螺纹配合。下部分为掌倾背伸固定销光轴503,与一个掌倾背伸固定孔403轴孔配合。掌倾背伸固定销光轴503的末端为掌倾背伸固定销光轴倒角504。所述尺偏桡偏固定销10的顶端是尺偏桡偏固定销凹槽1001,上部分为尺偏桡偏固定销螺纹1002,与尺偏桡偏固定螺纹孔803螺纹配合。下部分为尺偏桡偏固定销光轴1003,与一个尺偏桡偏固定孔602轴孔配合。尺偏桡偏固定销光轴1003的末端为尺偏桡偏固定销光轴倒角1004。The top of palm leaning back extension fixing pin 5 is the palm leaning back extension fixing pin groove 501, and the upper part is the palm leaning back extension fixing pin thread 502, which is threadedly engaged with the palm leaning back extension fixing threaded hole 605. The lower part is the optical axis 503 of the palm inclination dorsiflexion fixing pin, which cooperates with a palm inclination and dorsal extension fixing hole 403 axis holes. The end of the optical axis 503 of the palm inclination and dorsiflexion pin is the optical axis chamfer 504 of the palm inclination and dorsiflexion fixation pin. The top of the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin 10 is the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin groove 1001, and the upper part is the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin thread 1002, which is threadedly matched with the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing threaded hole 803. The lower part is the optical axis 1003 of the ulnar deviation and radial deviation fixing pin, which is matched with an ulnar deviation and radial deviation fixing hole 602 shaft hole. The end of the optical axis 1003 of the ulnar deviation and radial deviation fixing pin is an optical axis chamfer 1004 of the ulnar deviation and radial deviation fixing pin.
进一步,前臂固定后约束带2、前臂固定前约束带3均固定在前臂固定上夹板1上;前臂固定上夹板1的下表面与患者的前臂相接触;前臂固定后约束带2的一端固定在前臂固定上夹板左下镂空槽104处,另一端依次穿过前臂固定下夹板左下镂空槽1504、前臂固定下夹板右下镂空槽1503、前臂固定上夹板右下镂空槽103,最后通过魔术贴的方式将前臂固定上夹板1和前臂固定下夹板15的后部连接再一起;同样方式前臂固定前约束带3的一端固定在前臂固定上夹板左上镂空槽102处,另一端依次穿过前臂固定下夹板左上镂空槽1502、前臂固定下夹板右上镂空槽1501、前臂固定上夹板右上镂空槽101,最后通过魔术贴的方式将前臂固定上夹板1和前臂固定下夹板17的前部连接再一起,从而起到用夹板的方式紧紧固定患者前臂的作用;前臂固定上夹板1与旋转关节基座4通过螺栓连接;旋转关节基座4的上表面每10度分布了一个掌倾背伸固定孔402,共9个;旋转关节基座4的上表面与掌倾背伸旋转关节6的下表面是球面配合;掌倾背伸右侧旋转轴13依次穿过掌倾背伸旋转关节掌倾背伸右侧旋转孔601和旋转关节基座掌倾背伸右侧旋转孔401,使二者同轴;掌倾背伸左侧旋转轴14依次穿过掌倾背伸旋转关节掌倾背伸左侧旋转孔603和旋转关节基座掌倾背伸左侧旋转孔403,使二者同轴;这样旋转关节基座4和掌倾背伸旋转关节6只能绕着同轴的掌倾背伸右侧旋转轴13和掌倾背伸左侧旋转轴14做相对转动;掌倾背伸固定销5通过掌倾背伸固定销螺纹502与倾背伸固定螺纹孔605螺纹配合;掌倾背伸固定销凹槽501方便一字起将掌倾背伸固定销5旋进旋出;当旋进掌倾背伸固定销5,掌倾背伸固定销光轴503与一个掌倾背伸固定孔403相配合时,掌倾背伸固定销5就能够固定住旋转关节基座4和掌倾背伸旋转关节6的相对转动;掌倾背伸固定销光轴倒角504方便掌倾背伸固定销光轴503旋进掌倾背伸固定孔403内;掌倾背伸旋转关节6的上表面每10度分布了一个尺偏桡偏固定孔602,共9个;掌倾背伸旋转关节6的上表面与尺偏桡偏旋转关节8的下表面球面配合;尺偏桡偏旋转轴7依次穿过尺偏桡偏旋转关节偏桡偏旋转孔802和掌倾背伸旋转关节尺偏桡偏旋转孔604,使二者同轴;尺偏桡偏旋转关节8的尺偏桡偏旋转关节卡槽801与掌倾背伸旋转关节6的边缘配合,这样尺偏桡偏旋转关节8和掌倾背伸旋转关节6能够绕着尺偏桡偏旋转轴7做相对转动;尺偏桡偏固定销10通过尺偏桡偏固定销螺纹1002与尺偏桡偏固定螺纹孔803进行螺纹配合;尺偏桡偏固定销凹槽1001方便一字起将尺偏桡偏固定销10旋进旋出;当旋进尺偏桡偏固定销10,尺偏桡偏固定销光轴1003与一个尺偏桡偏固定孔602相配合时,尺偏桡偏固定销10就能够固定住尺偏桡偏旋转关节8和掌倾背伸旋转关节6的相对转动;尺偏桡偏固定销光轴倒角1004方便尺偏桡偏固定销光轴1003旋进尺偏桡偏固定孔602内;尺偏桡偏旋转关节8与手背固定夹板11通过螺栓固定;手掌固定约束带9固定在手背固定夹板11上;手掌固定约束带9的一端固定在手背固定夹板左镂空槽1102上,另一端依次穿过手掌固定夹板左镂空槽1202、手掌固定夹板右镂空槽1201和手背固定夹板右镂空槽1101,并通过魔术贴的方式将手背固定夹板11和手掌固定夹板12连接在一起,起到用夹板方式紧紧固定患者手部的作用;Further, the restraint belt 2 after forearm fixation and the restraint belt 3 before forearm fixation are all fixed on the forearm fixation upper splint 1; the lower surface of the forearm fixation upper splint 1 is in contact with the patient's forearm; Forearm fixed upper splint left lower hollow groove 104, the other end passes through forearm fixed lower splint left lower hollow groove 1504, forearm fixed lower splint lower right hollow groove 1503, forearm fixed upper splint right lower hollow groove 103, and finally through the way of Velcro Connect the rear part of the forearm fixed upper splint 1 and the forearm fixed lower splint 15 together; in the same way, one end of the forearm fixed front restraint belt 3 is fixed at the left upper hollow groove 102 of the forearm fixed upper splint, and the other end passes through the forearm fixed lower splint in turn Left upper hollow groove 1502, forearm fixed lower splint right upper hollow groove 1501, forearm fixed upper splint right upper hollow groove 101, and finally the forearm fixed forearm fixed splint 1 and the front part of forearm fixed lower splint 17 are connected together by Velcro, thereby The patient’s forearm can be tightly fixed by splint; the forearm fixed upper splint 1 is connected with the rotary joint base 4 by bolts; the upper surface of the rotary joint base 4 is provided with a palm inclination dorsiflexion fixing hole 402 every 10 degrees, There are 9 in total; the upper surface of the rotating joint base 4 is spherically matched with the lower surface of the palm tilting and dorsiflexing rotating joint 6; The side rotation hole 601 and the right side rotation hole 401 of the palm inclination and extension of the rotation joint base are coaxial; The hole 603 and the rotation hole 403 on the left side of the palm inclination and extension of the swivel joint base make the two coaxial; the swivel joint base 4 and the swivel joint 6 can only go around the coaxial palm inclination and extension of the right side. The rotating shaft 13 and the left side rotating shaft 14 of the palm inclination dorsiflexion do relative rotation; the palm inclination and dorsal extension fixed pin 5 is threadedly matched with the inclination and dorsal extension fixing threaded hole 605 through the palm inclination and the dorsal extension fixing pin thread 502; the palm inclination and the dorsal extension fixing pin The groove 501 is convenient to screw in and out the palm tilting back extension fixing pin 5 in one word; When cooperating, the palm tilting back extension fixing pin 5 just can fix the relative rotation of the rotary joint base 4 and the palm tilting back extension rotation joint 6; the palm tilting back extension fixing pin optical axis chamfer 504 is convenient The shaft 503 is screwed into the palm inclination and dorsiflexion fixing hole 403; the upper surface of the palm inclination and dorsiversion rotary joint 6 is distributed with an ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing hole 602 every 10 degrees, a total of 9; The surface is spherically matched with the lower surface of the ulnar-radial rotation joint 8; the ulnar-radial rotation axis 7 passes through the ulnar-radial rotation joint 802 and the ulnar-radial rotation hole 802 in turn 604, making the two coaxial; the ulnar-radial-deviation rotary joint slot 801 of the ulnar-radial-deviation rotary joint 8 cooperates with the edge of the palm-inclined dorsi-extension rotary joint 6, so that the ulnar-radial-deviation rotary joint 8 and the palm inclination dorsiflexion The rotary joint 6 can make relative rotation around the ulnar deviation radial deviation rotation axis 7; the ulnar deviation The radial deviation fixing pin 10 is threadedly matched with the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing threaded hole 803 through the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin thread 1002; the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin groove 1001 is convenient to screw the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin 10 Screw out; when screwing in the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin 10, when the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin optical axis 1003 matches with an ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing hole 602, the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin 10 can fix the ulnar deviation radial deviation The relative rotation of the rotary joint 8 and the palm tilt dorsiflexion rotary joint 6; the optical axis chamfering 1004 of the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixed pin optical axis 1003 is convenient for screwing into the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixed hole 602; the ulnar deviation radial deviation The rotating joint 8 and the back of the hand fixed splint 11 are fixed by bolts; the palm fixed restraint belt 9 is fixed on the back of the hand fixed splint 11; one end of the palm fixed restraint belt 9 is fixed on the left hollow groove 1102 of the back of the hand fixed splint, and the other end is fixed through the palm in turn The left hollow groove 1202 of the splint, the right hollow groove 1201 of the palm fixed splint, and the right hollowed groove 1101 of the back of the hand fixed splint, and the back of the hand fixed splint 11 and the palm fixed splint 12 are connected together by means of Velcro, so that they can be tightly fixed by the splint The action of the patient's hand;
本发明的使用方式及原理为:The usage mode and principle of the present invention are:
如图1所示,患者的前臂由前臂固定上夹板1、前臂固定后约束带2、前臂固定前约束带3还有前臂固定下夹板15固定夹持;患者的手掌由手背固定夹板11、手掌固定夹板12和手掌固定约束带9固定夹持;患者手腕的掌倾背伸旋转轴和掌倾背伸右侧旋转轴13保持同轴;患者手腕的尺偏桡偏旋转轴和尺偏桡偏旋转轴7同轴;这样患者手腕的掌倾背伸旋转轴和尺偏桡偏旋转轴与本发明保持一致;旋转关节基座4的上表面从背伸20度到掌倾60度每10度分布了一个掌倾背伸固定孔403,通过掌倾背伸固定销5可将掌倾背伸旋转关节6与旋转关节基座4之间的夹角固定在9个特定的角度,进而可使患者的手腕在掌倾背伸方向保持为这9个特定的角度;掌倾背伸旋转关节6的上表面从尺偏40度到桡偏40度每10度分布了一个尺偏桡偏固定孔602,通过尺偏桡偏固定销10可将掌倾背伸旋转关节6与尺偏桡偏旋转关节8之间的夹角固定在这9个特定的角度,进而可使患者的手腕在尺偏桡偏方向保持为这9个特定的角度;以上便实现了本发明对患者手腕实行固定的功能;当将掌倾背伸固定销5和尺偏桡偏固定销10旋出,本发明将不会约束患者手腕的活动,可便于患者手腕的康复训练。As shown in Figure 1, the patient's forearm is fixed and clamped by the forearm upper splint 1, the forearm fixed rear restraint belt 2, the forearm fixed front restraint belt 3 and the forearm fixed lower splint 15; the patient's palm is fixed by the back of the hand splint 11, palm The fixed splint 12 and the palm fixed restraint belt 9 are fixed and clamped; the rotation axis of the patient's wrist and the rotation axis 13 on the right side of the patient's wrist are coaxial; the rotation axis of the patient's wrist is ulnar deviation and radial deviation The axis of rotation 7 is coaxial; the patient's palm tilt dorsiflexion axis of rotation and ulnar deviation radius axis of rotation are consistent with the present invention; the upper surface of the swivel joint base 4 is every 10 degrees from dorsiflexion 20 degrees to palm inclination 60 degrees A palm inclination and dorsiflexion fixing hole 403 is distributed, and the angle between the palm inclination and dorsiflexion joint 6 and the rotation joint base 4 can be fixed at nine specific angles through the palm inclination and dorsiflexion fixing pin 5, so that the The patient's wrist is maintained at these 9 specific angles in the direction of palmar inclination and dorsiflexion; the upper surface of the palmar inclination dorsiflexion joint 6 is distributed with an ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing hole every 10 degrees from 40 degrees of ulnar deviation to 40 degrees of radial deviation 602, through the ulnar deviation radial deviation fixing pin 10, the included angle between the palmar inclination dorsiflexion joint 6 and the ulnar deviation radial deviation joint 8 can be fixed at these nine specific angles, so that the patient's wrist can be adjusted in the ulnar deviation The radial deviation direction is maintained as these 9 specific angles; the above has just realized that the present invention implements the function of fixing the patient's wrist; It will restrict the movement of the patient's wrist and facilitate the rehabilitation training of the patient's wrist.
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出:对于非本发明团队的其他专业人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干可以预期的改进和等同替换,这些对本发明权利要求进行改进和等同替换后的技术方案,均落入本发明的保护。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for other professionals who are not the team of the present invention, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some conceivable improvements and equivalent replacements can also be made. The technical solutions after the improvement and equivalent replacement of the invention claims all fall under the protection of the present invention.
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