CN106356870A - Reactive compensation regulator for power distribution system, device and system - Google Patents
Reactive compensation regulator for power distribution system, device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106356870A CN106356870A CN201610806626.0A CN201610806626A CN106356870A CN 106356870 A CN106356870 A CN 106356870A CN 201610806626 A CN201610806626 A CN 201610806626A CN 106356870 A CN106356870 A CN 106356870A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reactive compensation regulator for a power distribution system, a device and a system. The reactive compensation regulator for the power distribution system comprises a zero cross direction circuit. The zero cross direction circuit comprises two anti-parallel single-phase silicon controlled rectifiers of which the first common terminal is connected with a grid and the second common terminal is connected with a capacitor, a rectifier bridge, a first diode, a second diode, a first voltage stabilization capacitor, a second voltage stabilization capacitor, a clamping capacitor, a first divider resistor, a second divider resistor, a first PNP, a second PNP, a third PNP, a first current-limiting resistor, a second current-limiting resistor, a third current-limiting resistor, a fourth current-limiting resistor, a voltage-regulator tube, a first discharge resistor, a second discharge resistor and a first optical coupler. The output terminal of the first optical coupler is used as the output terminal, connected with a single-chip, of the zero cross detection circuit. The reactive compensation regulator for the power distribution system is capable of effectively avoiding the situation that the capacitor bank is put into the grid away from the zero crossing point because of the misoperation of the first optical coupler, and improving the safety performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reactive power compensation technology field, more particularly to a kind of reactive-load compensation regulation for distribution system
Device, apparatus and system.
Background technology
At present in low-voltage network, because of tsc (thyristor switched capacitor, thyristor series capacitor
Device) cheap, easy to maintenance, be easy to be used as low-pressure reactive compensation dress by substantial amounts of the advantages of dilatation, floor space are little
Put.Low-voltage reactive compensator includes master controller, reactive-load compensation actuator and capacitor bank, and wherein, reactive-load compensation is adjusted
Device includes a single-chip microcomputer and the one-to-one 3 groups of zero cross detection circuits of three-phase circuit and thyristor driving circuit, single
Piece machine puts into order in the capacitor receiving master controller transmission, and when zero cross detection circuit detects line voltage zero passage
When, the input of capacitor bank is realized in the conducting of Single-chip Controlling thyristor driving circuit.
Specifically, refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is one group of zero passage detection in a kind of reactive-load compensation actuator of the prior art
Circuit and the structural representation of thyristor driving circuit, this circuit mainly includes 2 current-limiting resistance r1 and r2, and 2 series connection make
Bidirectional thyristor driver moc3083,2 equalizing resistance r3 and r4, rc absorbing circuit and the single-phase of 2 reverse parallel connections can
Control silicon.Phototube Coupling is passed through in the input of bidirectional thyristor driver moc3083 and output, has been integrated with zero passage detection electricity inside it
Road, therefore enable zero passage in general and put into capacitor.Although but bidirectional thyristor driver moc3083 is normal in electrical network
Theoretical condition under accurately can put into capacitor bank in zero crossing triggering IGCT, but in actual power distribution network, due to electricity
Net harmonic wave complexity is indefinite, particularly when line voltage is distorted, the easy malfunction of optocoupler.So that capacitor bank may not
It is put into electrical network in zero crossing, impact and shove excessive, be easily damaged IGCT, or even some electric capacity can be found at the scene
Device group such as is directly exploded at the phenomenon.
Therefore, a kind of scheme solving above-mentioned technical problem how is provided to be that those skilled in the art need to solve at present
Problem.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system, effectively prevent the first optocoupler
Malfunction cause capacitor bank be not put in zero crossing electrical network the occurrence of, improve security performance；The present invention's
Another object is that and a kind of reactive power compensator including the above-mentioned reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system and system are provided.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system, application
In reactive power compensator, described reactive power compensator also includes master controller and capacitor bank, described reactive-load compensation actuator bag
Include single-chip microcomputer and the one-to-one 3 groups of zero cross detection circuits of three-phase circuit and thyristor driving circuit, wherein, every group
In described zero cross detection circuit include:
2 reverse parallel connections that first common port is connected with electrical network, the second common port is connected with capacitor bank single-phase controlled
Silicon；
First input end is connected with described first common port by the first current-limiting resistance, the second input passes through the second current limliting
The rectifier bridge that resistance is connected with described second common port, the output plus terminal of described rectifier bridge respectively with the anode of the first diode and
The anode of the second diode connects, output negative terminal first end, first partial pressure with the first electric capacity of voltage regulation respectively of described rectifier bridge
The first end of resistance, the colelctor electrode of a pnp, the first end of the 3rd current-limiting resistance, the first end of the second electric capacity of voltage regulation and steady
The anode of pressure pipe connects；
The negative electrode of described first diode respectively with the second end of described first electric capacity of voltage regulation, the second divider resistance first
End, the base stage of the emitter stage, the first end of the first discharge resistance and the 2nd pnp of a described pnp connect, described second partial pressure
Second end of resistance is connected with the second end of described first divider resistance, and the first end of its common port and the 4th current-limiting resistance is even
Connect, the second end of described 4th current-limiting resistance is connected with the described base stage of a pnp and the first end of clamp capacitor respectively, institute
The colelctor electrode stating the 2nd pnp is connected with the first end of the second discharge resistance and the first luminous end of the first optocoupler respectively, described
The emitter stage of the 2nd pnp is connected with the base stage of the 3rd pnp, the emitter stage of described 3rd pnp respectively with described second diode
Negative electrode, the second end of described clamp capacitor, the second end of described first discharge resistance, described second electric capacity of voltage regulation the second end with
And the negative electrode of described stabilivolt connects, the second luminous end second end with described second discharge resistance respectively of described first optocoupler
And the 3rd second end of current-limiting resistance connect, the outfan of described first optocoupler is as the outfan of described zero cross detection circuit
It is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, provide zero passage detection signal for described single-chip microcomputer, so that described single-chip microcomputer is according to described master controller
The capacitor sending puts into the conducting to control corresponding thyristor driving circuit of order and described zero passage detection signal, realizes
The input of corresponding capacitance device group.
Preferably, the described thyristor driving circuit in every group includes:
First end is connected with the outfan of described single-chip microcomputer, the second end and the first end and first with second resistance respectively
The first resistor that the base stage of npn connects, the grounded emitter of the second end of described second resistance and a described npn, described
The colelctor electrode of the first npn is connected with the first end of 3rd resistor and the negative electrode of the 3rd diode respectively, described 3rd diode
Anode be connected with the first end of the 4th resistance, the anode of the 4th diode and the base stage of the 2nd npn respectively, described 3rd electricity
Second end of resistance is connected with the described negative electrode of the 4th diode and the base stage of the 4th pnp respectively, the colelctor electrode of described 4th pnp
Ground connection, the emitter stage of described 4th pnp is connected with the emitter stage of described 2nd npn, and its common port passes through the 4th electric capacity and driving
The first input end of the primary coil of transformator connects, the second input current collection with the 2nd npn respectively of described primary coil
Second end of pole and described 4th resistance connects, its public termination power；First secondary coil of described driving transformer
First outfan is connected with the first end of the 5th current-limiting resistance by the first commutation diode, and the second of described 5th current-limiting resistance
End is connected with one of described 2 reverse parallel connections single-phase silicon-controlled silicon controlled control end, described first secondary coil
Second outfan is connected with described first common port；First outfan of described second subprime coil passes through the second commutation diode
It is connected with the first end of the 6th current-limiting resistance, the second end of described 6th current-limiting resistance and described the single-phase of 2 reverse parallel connections can
The connection of another silicon controlled control end, the second outfan of described second subprime coil and described second common port in control silicon
Connect, wherein, the second input of described primary coil, the first outfan of described first secondary coil and described second
The Same Name of Ends that second output of level coil is broken as described driving transformer.
Preferably, described power supply is 12v.
Preferably, described rectifier bridge is full-wave rectification bridge.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, present invention also offers a kind of reactive power compensator, including master controller and n electricity
Container group, also includes the one-to-one n reactive-load compensation actuator as described above of described capacitor bank individual with n, n is just whole
Number, wherein:
Described master controller be used for the line voltage collecting according to harvester and power network current to obtain electrical network current
Active power, reactive power and power factor (PF), and judge electrical network according to described active power, reactive power and power factor (PF)
Now the need of carrying out reactive-load compensation, if it is, generating capacitor to put into order, and the input order of described capacitor is sent out
Deliver to the single-chip microcomputer of corresponding described reactive-load compensation actuator.
Preferably, described capacitor bank includes common benefit capacitor bank and point benefit capacitor.
Preferably, this device also includes being arranged between described master controller and n described reactive-load compensation actuator the
Two optocouplers.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, present invention also offers a kind of reactive compensation system, including nothing as described above
Reactive power compensation installations, also include:
Voltage transformer, for gathering described line voltage；
Current transformer, for gathering described power network current；
The n group air switch that first end is connected with described reactive-load compensation actuator respectively correspondingly, the described air of n group
Second end of switch is all connected with common bus；
Described common bus is connected with described electrical network by main breaker.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with fuse between described common bus and described main breaker.
The invention provides a kind of reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system, apparatus and system, including zero passage detection
Circuit, this zero cross detection circuit include that the first common port is connected with electrical network, the second common port is connected with capacitor bank 2 is reversely
Single-phase silicon-controlled, rectifier bridge, the first diode, the second diode, the first electric capacity of voltage regulation, the second electric capacity of voltage regulation, clamper in parallel
Electric capacity, the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, a pnp, the 2nd pnp, the 3rd pnp, the first current-limiting resistance, the second current limliting
Resistance, the 3rd current-limiting resistance, the 4th current-limiting resistance, stabilivolt, the first discharge resistance, the second discharge resistance and the first optocoupler,
The outfan of the first optocoupler is connected with single-chip microcomputer as the outfan of zero cross detection circuit, provides zero passage detection letter for single-chip microcomputer
Number, so that single-chip microcomputer puts into order and zero passage detection signal to control brilliant lock accordingly according to the capacitor that master controller sends
The conducting of tube drive circuit, realizes the input of corresponding capacitance device group.The zero cross detection circuit that the application provides passes through in circuit
Setting electric capacity of voltage regulation, clamp capacitor, discharge resistance, the device such as current-limiting resistance and stabilivolt come to reduce the harmonic wave in electrical network and
The impact to zero cross detection circuit for the electrical network distortion, thus the malfunction that effectively prevent the first optocoupler causes capacitor bank not in zero passage
Point when be put into electrical network the occurrence of, improve security performance.
Brief description
For the technical scheme being illustrated more clearly that in the embodiment of the present invention, below will be to institute in prior art and embodiment
Need use accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only the present invention some enforcement
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is one group of zero cross detection circuit and thyristor driver in a kind of reactive-load compensation actuator of the prior art
The structural representation of circuit；
A kind of structural representation of reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention；
Fig. 3 in Fig. 2 of the present invention provide a kind of for a phase zero passage detection in the reactive-load compensation actuator of distribution system
The circuit theory diagrams of circuit；
A kind of circuit theory diagrams of a phase thyristor driving circuit that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention；
A kind of equivalent circuit when the pwm of input is high level for a phase thyristor driving circuit that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention
Figure；
A kind of equivalent circuit when the pwm of input is low level for a phase thyristor driving circuit that Fig. 6 provides for the present invention
Figure；
A kind of circuit theory diagrams of reactive compensation system that Fig. 7 provides for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The core of the present invention is to provide a kind of reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system, effectively prevent the first optocoupler
Malfunction cause capacitor bank be not put in zero crossing electrical network the occurrence of, improve security performance；The present invention's
Another core is to provide a kind of reactive power compensator including the above-mentioned reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system and system.
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage for making the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described it is clear that described embodiment is
The a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment being obtained under the premise of not making creative work, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, wherein, a kind of reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention
Structural representation, Fig. 3 in Fig. 2 of the present invention provide a kind of for a phase mistake in the reactive-load compensation actuator of distribution system
The circuit theory diagrams of zero testing circuit；
In reactive power compensator, reactive power compensator also includes master controller and capacitor to this reactive-load compensation regulator applications
Group, reactive-load compensation actuator includes single-chip microcomputer and the one-to-one 3 groups of zero cross detection circuits of three-phase circuit and IGCT
Drive circuit, wherein, the zero cross detection circuit in every group includes:
2 reverse parallel connections that first common port is connected with electrical network, the second common port is connected with capacitor bank single-phase controlled
Silicon；
First input end is connected with the first common port by the first current-limiting resistance r1, the second input passes through the second current limliting electricity
The output plus terminal of the resistance rectifier bridge b1 that is connected with the second common port of r2, rectifier bridge b1 respectively with the anode of the first diode d1 and the
The anode of two diode d2 connects, output negative terminal first end, first partial pressure with the first electric capacity of voltage regulation c1 respectively of rectifier bridge b1
The first end of resistance r3, the colelctor electrode of a pnp q1, the first end of the 3rd current-limiting resistance r7, the first of the second electric capacity of voltage regulation c3
The anode of end and stabilivolt d3 connects；
The negative electrode of the first diode d1 respectively with second end of the first electric capacity of voltage regulation c1, the second divider resistance r4 first
End, the base stage of the emitter stage of a pnp q1, the first end of the first discharge resistance r6 and the 2nd pnp q2 connect, the second partial pressure
Second end of resistance r4 is connected with second end of the first divider resistance r3, and the first end of its common port and the 4th current-limiting resistance r5 is even
Connect, second end of the 4th current-limiting resistance r5 is connected with the base stage of a pnp q1 and the first end of clamp capacitor c2 respectively, the
The colelctor electrode of two pnp q2 is connected with the first end of the second discharge resistance r8 and the first luminous end of the first optocoupler respectively, and second
The emitter stage of pnp q2 is connected with the base stage of the 3rd pnp q3, emitter stage the moon with the second diode d2 respectively of the 3rd pnp q3
Pole, second end of clamp capacitor c2, second end of the first discharge resistance r6, second end of the second electric capacity of voltage regulation c3 and stabilivolt
The negative electrode of d3 connects, the second luminous end the second end and the 3rd current-limiting resistance with the second discharge resistance r8 respectively of the first optocoupler
Second end of r7 connects, and the outfan of the first optocoupler is connected with single-chip microcomputer as the outfan of zero cross detection circuit, is single-chip microcomputer
There is provided zero passage detection signal, so that single-chip microcomputer puts into order according to the capacitor that master controller sends and zero passage detection signal comes
Control the conducting of corresponding thyristor driving circuit, realize the input of corresponding capacitance device group.
Specifically, zero cross detection circuit is connected on the single-phase silicon-controlled two ends of 2 reverse parallel connections, and is provided with the first current limliting electricity
Resistance r1 and the second current-limiting resistance r2, main working process is: rectifier bridge b1 is by the electricity at the single-phase silicon-controlled two ends of 2 reverse parallel connections
Pressure carry out rectification, be then passed through the first diode d1 and the second diode d2 and power to circuit respectively, the first electric capacity of voltage regulation c1 and
Second electric capacity of voltage regulation c3 voltage stabilizing in the presence of stabilivolt d3.A point is selected to be reference point it is assumed that the first diode d1 and the two or two pole
The tube voltage drop of pipe d2 is 0.7v, then understand c with d current potential identical, and c and d current potential assume gradually decrease to unidirectional controlled
Close to zero crossing, by the first divider resistance r3 and the second divider resistance r4 carries out partial pressure so that bc two for b point simultaneously at the two ends of silicon
Between point during current potential difference 0.7v, meet the turn-on condition of a pnp q1, a pnp q1 saturation conduction is so that the 2nd pnp q2
Base earth, quickly promoted multiple tube the 2nd pnp q2 and the 3rd pnp q3 saturation to lead after the base earth of the 2nd pnp q2
Logical, the luminous end of the first optocoupler will flow through electric current, the first optocoupler conducting, output voltage be dragged down, single-chip microcomputer obtains low level letter
Number i.e. represent one-way SCR both end voltage now zero crossing.
In addition, it is necessary to explanation, the effect of clamp capacitor c2 is clamper, it is to avoid a pnp q1 misleads, the 4th limit
Leakage resistance r5 plays the effect of the current limliting of the base current to a pnp q1, and the first discharge resistance r6 acts on multiple tube
When two pnp q2 and the 3rd pnp q3 turn off, because the base stage of the 2nd pnp q2 and the emitter stage of the 3rd pnp q3 have interpolar electricity
Hold effect, repid discharge is carried out to residual voltage.3rd current-limiting resistance r7 is current-limiting resistance during the first optocoupler conducting, and second puts
The effect of resistance r8 be the luminous survey of the first optocoupler after shut-off, there is capacity effect, repid discharge carried out to residual voltage.
When the two ends zero crossing of the first common port and the second common port is detected, the first optocoupler conducting, outfan level is dragged down, by
In the reason the energy storage by electric capacity is little, this energy meeting quick release, such that it is able to accomplish the low level pulsewidth of outfan
Very little.R9 is pull-up resistor, and general 2k is enough, because if resistance too senior general leads to the rising edge steepness of low-level pulse width
Greatly, the slower time is needed to retract high level.
In addition, Fig. 3 give be a phase zero cross detection circuit schematic diagram, the principle of the zero cross detection circuit of b phase and c phase
Figure is identical with Fig. 3.
Preferably, rectifier bridge b1 is full-wave rectification bridge b1.
Certainly, rectifier bridge b1 here can also be other kinds of rectifier bridge b1, and here of the present invention does not do special limit
Fixed, enable the purpose of the present invention.
Preferably, the thyristor driving circuit in every group includes:
First end is connected with the outfan of single-chip microcomputer, the second end and the first end and first with second resistance r11 respectively
First resistor r10, the second end of second resistance r11 and the grounded emitter of a npn q4 that the base stage of npn q4 connects,
The colelctor electrode of the first npn q4 is connected with the first end of 3rd resistor r12 and the negative electrode of the 3rd diode d4 respectively, and the three or two
The anode of the pole pipe d4 base stage with the first end, the anode of the 4th diode d5 and the 2nd npn q5 of the 4th resistance r13 respectively
Connect, the second end of 3rd resistor r12 is connected with the negative electrode of the 4th diode d5 and the base stage of the 4th pnp q6 respectively, the 4th
The grounded collector of pnp q6, the emitter stage of the 4th pnp q6 is connected with the emitter stage of the 2nd npn q5, and its common port passes through the
Four electric capacity c4 are connected with the first input end of the primary coil of driving transformer, and the second input of primary coil is respectively with second
Second end of the colelctor electrode of npn q5 and the 4th resistance r13 connects, its public termination power；First level of driving transformer
First outfan of coil is connected with the first end of the 5th current-limiting resistance r14 by the first commutation diode d6, the 5th current limliting electricity
Second end of resistance r14 is connected with one of 2 reverse parallel connections single-phase silicon-controlled silicon controlled control end, the first secondary coil
The second outfan be connected with the first common port；First outfan of second subprime coil passes through the second commutation diode d7 and the
The first end of six current-limiting resistance r15 connects, in second end of the 6th current-limiting resistance r15 and the single-phase silicon-controlled of 2 reverse parallel connections
Another silicon controlled control end connect, the second outfan of second subprime coil is connected with the second common port, wherein, primary
Second output of the second input of coil, the first outfan of the first secondary coil and second subprime coil is broken and is become for driving
The Same Name of Ends of depressor.
Preferably, power supply is 12v.
Specifically, refer to Fig. 4, a kind of circuit theory diagrams of a phase thyristor driving circuit that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention.
It is understood that single-chip microcomputer puts into order in the capacitor receiving master controller transmission, and work as zero passage detection
When electric circuit inspection is to line voltage zero passage, single-chip microcomputer can put into order and zero passage detection according to the capacitor that master controller sends
Signal generation pwm signal is controlling the conducting of corresponding thyristor driving circuit.
When the pwm of input is high level, that is, during a npn q4 conducting, equivalent circuit such as Fig. 5, Fig. 5 provide for the present invention
A kind of a phase thyristor driving circuit input pwm be high level when equivalent circuit diagram, in powered on moment, the 4th electric capacity
The both end voltage of c4 can not be mutated, and the primary resistance very little of driving transformer is no current in primary coil.Now the 4th pnp
The emitter stage of q6 is 12v over the ground.3rd diode d4 and the equal forward conduction of the 4th diode d5, conduction voltage drop is 0.7v, therefore the
The base potential of four pnp q6 is 0, and the base potential of the 4th pnp q6 is less than transmitting electrode potential, and the emitter stage of the 4th pnp q6
Above earth potential is negative voltage, meets the turn-on condition of the 4th pnp q6, the 4th pnp q6 saturation conduction, the current collection of the 2nd npn q5
Pole and transmitting interpolar treat the 4th electric capacity c4 because of powered on moment no-voltage it is impossible to meet the turn-on condition of the 2nd npn q5 audion
After charging completely, between the collector and emitter of the 2nd npn q5, there is voltage difference, meet one of condition of conducting, even if the
Four electric capacity c4 are charged full, and the 2nd npn q5 still cannot turn on, this is because the tube voltage drop of the 4th diode d5 is 0.7v,
The ube of the 2nd npn q5 adds that the ucb of the 4th pnp q6 is equal to tube voltage drop 0.7v of the 4th pnp q6, due to the 4th pnp q6's
Ucb is more than 0, and that is, the ube of the 2nd npn q5 is less than 0.7v so that the 2nd npn q5 is blocked and cannot turn on, and the sense of current is such as
Q2ic, power supply is charged to the 4th electric capacity c4 by driving transformer.Available, when a npn q4 conducting, the 4th electric capacity c4
It is in charged state.
When a npn q4 cut-off, a kind of a phase thyristor driver electricity that equivalent circuit such as Fig. 6, Fig. 6 provide for the present invention
The equivalent circuit diagram when the pwm of input is low level for the road.Now the base potential of the 4th pnp q6 suspends, and the 4th pnp q6 cuts
Only so that the ucb=0 of the 4th pnp q6, and then the base potential of the 2nd npn q5 is the 4th diode d5 to transmitting electrode potential
Tube voltage drop 0.7v, now the left negative right side of the current potential of the 4th electric capacity c4 just, i.e. electricity between the collector and emitter of the 2nd npn q5
Press as positive voltage, meet the turn-on condition of the 2nd npn q5, the 2nd npn q5 saturation conduction, the 4th electric capacity c4 passes through the 2nd npn
Q5, to the primary coil electric discharge of driving transformer, the sense of current such as q1ic, can get, when pwm is for low level, the 4th electric capacity c4
It is in discharge condition.
So charge and discharge process is so that it may in secondary side induced voltage, supply silicon controlled gate drive current after rectification.
The invention provides a kind of reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system, including zero cross detection circuit, this zero passage
Testing circuit includes the single-phase of 2 reverse parallel connections that the first common port is connected, the second common port is connected with capacitor bank with electrical network
Controllable silicon, rectifier bridge, the first diode, the second diode, the first electric capacity of voltage regulation, the second electric capacity of voltage regulation, clamp capacitor, first point
Piezoresistance, the second divider resistance, a pnp, the 2nd pnp, the 3rd pnp, the first current-limiting resistance, the second current-limiting resistance, the 3rd limit
Leakage resistance, the 4th current-limiting resistance, stabilivolt, the first discharge resistance, the second discharge resistance and the first optocoupler, the first optocoupler defeated
The outfan going out end as zero cross detection circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer, provides zero passage detection signal for single-chip microcomputer, so that single-chip microcomputer
Put into order and zero passage detection signal to control corresponding thyristor driving circuit according to the capacitor that master controller sends
Conducting, realizes the input of corresponding capacitance device group.The application provide zero cross detection circuit pass through in circuit setting electric capacity of voltage regulation,
The devices such as clamp capacitor, discharge resistance, current-limiting resistance and stabilivolt distort to mistake reducing the harmonic wave in electrical network and electrical network
The impact of zero testing circuit, thus the malfunction that effectively prevent the first optocoupler causes capacitor bank not to be put into electricity in zero crossing
Net the occurrence of, improve security performance.
Present invention also offers a kind of reactive power compensator, including master controller and n capacitor bank, also include and n
The one-to-one n reactive-load compensation actuator described above of capacitor bank, n is positive integer, wherein:
Master controller is used for the line voltage collecting according to harvester and power network current obtains current active of electrical network
Power, reactive power and power factor (PF), and judge electrical network now whether according to active power, reactive power and power factor (PF)
Needing to carry out reactive-load compensation, if it is, generating capacitor to put into order, and capacitor input order being sent to corresponding nothing
The single-chip microcomputer of work(compensated regulator.
Preferably, capacitor bank includes common benefit capacitor bank and point benefit capacitor.
Preferably, this device also includes the second light being arranged between master controller and n reactive-load compensation actuator
Coupling.
Master controller is from reactive-load compensation actuator because using different power supplys, therefore, two power supplys are through the second optocoupler
Isolation.
The introduction of the reactive-load compensation actuator in the reactive power compensator providing for the application refer to above-mentioned actuator
Embodiment, the present invention will not be described here.
Refer to Fig. 7, a kind of circuit theory diagrams of reactive compensation system that Fig. 7 provides for the present invention；This reactive-load compensation system
System includes reactive power compensator described above, also includes:
Voltage transformer, for gathering line voltage；
Current transformer, for gathering power network current；
The n group air switch that first end is connected with reactive-load compensation actuator respectively correspondingly, the of n group air switch
Two ends are all connected with common bus；
Common bus is connected with electrical network by main breaker.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with fuse between common bus and main breaker.
It is understood that the reactive compensation system that the application provides also additionally increases fuse strengthens overcurrent protection, separately
Outward, to be provided with an air switch separately protected for each capacitor bank.
For thunder and lightning hotspot, spark gap should be increased, prevent thunder and lightning traveling wave or switching overvoltage from capacitor bank is caused
Damage.
The introduction of the reactive-load compensation actuator in the reactive power compensator providing for the application refer to above-mentioned actuator
Embodiment, the present invention will not be described here.
In this specification, each embodiment is described by the way of going forward one by one, and what each embodiment stressed is and other
The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.Also, it should be noted in this theory
In bright book, such as first and second or the like relational terms be used merely to an entity or operation and another entity or
Operation makes a distinction, and not necessarily require or imply exist between these entities or operation any this actual relation or
Sequentially.And, term " inclusion ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to comprising of nonexcludability, so that
Not only include those key elements including a series of process of key elements, method, article or equipment, but also include being not expressly set out
Other key elements, or also include for this process, method, article or the intrinsic key element of equipment.There is no more limits
In the case of system, the key element that limited by sentence "including a ..." it is not excluded that include the process of described key element, method,
Also there is other identical element in article or equipment.
Described above to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field be capable of or uses the present invention.
Multiple modifications to these embodiments will be apparent from for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and be to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The scope the widest causing.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of reactive-load compensation actuator for distribution system, is applied to reactive power compensator, described reactive power compensator is also
Including master controller and capacitor bank it is characterised in that described reactive-load compensation actuator includes single-chip microcomputer and three-phase circuit
One-to-one 3 groups of zero cross detection circuits and thyristor driving circuit, wherein, described zero cross detection circuit bag in every group
Include:
2 reverse parallel connections that first common port is connected with electrical network, the second common port is connected with capacitor bank single-phase silicon-controlled；
First input end is connected with described first common port by the first current-limiting resistance, the second input passes through the second current-limiting resistance
The rectifier bridge being connected with described second common port, the output plus terminal anode and second with the first diode respectively of described rectifier bridge
The anode of diode connects, output negative terminal first end, first divider resistance with the first electric capacity of voltage regulation respectively of described rectifier bridge
First end, the colelctor electrode of a pnp, the first end of the 3rd current-limiting resistance, the first end of the second electric capacity of voltage regulation and stabilivolt
Anode connect；
The negative electrode of described first diode respectively with the second end of described first electric capacity of voltage regulation, the first end of the second divider resistance,
The base stage of the emitter stage, the first end of the first discharge resistance and the 2nd pnp of a described pnp connects, described second partial pressure electricity
Second end of resistance is connected with the second end of described first divider resistance, and its common port is connected with the first end of the 4th current-limiting resistance,
Second end of described 4th current-limiting resistance is connected with the described base stage of a pnp and the first end of clamp capacitor respectively, described
The colelctor electrode of the 2nd pnp is connected with the first end of the second discharge resistance and the first luminous end of the first optocoupler respectively, and described
The emitter stage of two pnp is connected with the base stage of the 3rd pnp, emitter stage the moon with described second diode respectively of described 3rd pnp
Pole, the second end of described clamp capacitor, the second end of described first discharge resistance, the second end of described second electric capacity of voltage regulation and
The negative electrode of described stabilivolt connects, the second luminous end of described first optocoupler respectively with the second end of described second discharge resistance with
And the 3rd second end of current-limiting resistance connect, the outfan of described first optocoupler as described zero cross detection circuit outfan with
Described single-chip microcomputer connects, and provides zero passage detection signal for described single-chip microcomputer, so that described single-chip microcomputer is sent out according to described master controller
The capacitor sending puts into the conducting to control corresponding thyristor driving circuit of order and described zero passage detection signal, realizes phase
Answer the input of capacitor bank.
2. reactive-load compensation actuator as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described thyristor driving circuit bag in every group
Include:
First end is connected with the outfan of described single-chip microcomputer, the second end and first end and the npn with second resistance respectively
Base stage connect first resistor, the grounded emitter of the second end of described second resistance and a described npn, described first
The colelctor electrode of npn is connected with the first end of 3rd resistor and the negative electrode of the 3rd diode respectively, the sun of described 3rd diode
Pole is connected with the first end of the 4th resistance, the anode of the 4th diode and the base stage of the 2nd npn respectively, described 3rd resistor
Second end is connected with the described negative electrode of the 4th diode and the base stage of the 4th pnp respectively, and the colelctor electrode of described 4th pnp connects
Ground, the emitter stage of described 4th pnp is connected with the emitter stage of described 2nd npn, and its common port passes through the 4th electric capacity and becomes with driving
The first input end of the primary coil of depressor connects, the second input colelctor electrode with the 2nd npn respectively of described primary coil
And the second end of described 4th resistance connects, its public termination power；The of first secondary coil of described driving transformer
One outfan is connected with the first end of the 5th current-limiting resistance by the first commutation diode, the second end of described 5th current-limiting resistance
It is connected with one of described 2 reverse parallel connections single-phase silicon-controlled silicon controlled control end, the of described first secondary coil
Two outfans are connected with described first common port；First outfan of described second subprime coil pass through the second commutation diode with
The first end of the 6th current-limiting resistance connects, and the second end of described 6th current-limiting resistance is single-phase controlled with described 2 reverse parallel connections
Another silicon controlled control end in silicon connects, and the second outfan of described second subprime coil is with described second common port even
Connect, wherein, the second input of described primary coil, the first outfan of described first secondary coil and described second subprime
The Same Name of Ends that second output of coil is broken as described driving transformer.
3. reactive-load compensation actuator as claimed in claim 2 is it is characterised in that described power supply is 12v.
4. reactive-load compensation actuator as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described rectifier bridge is full-wave rectification bridge.
5. a kind of reactive power compensator, it is characterised in that including master controller and n capacitor bank, also includes and n described electricity
The one-to-one n reactive-load compensation actuator as described in any one of claim 1-4 of container group, n is positive integer, wherein:
Described master controller is used for the line voltage collecting according to harvester and power network current obtains current active of electrical network
Power, reactive power and power factor (PF), and judge electrical network now according to described active power, reactive power and power factor (PF)
The need of carrying out reactive-load compensation, if it is, generating capacitor to put into order, and the input order of described capacitor is sent extremely
The single-chip microcomputer of corresponding described reactive-load compensation actuator.
6. reactive power compensator as claimed in claim 5 it is characterised in that described capacitor bank include common benefit capacitor bank and
Divide benefit capacitor.
7. reactive power compensator as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that this device also includes being arranged at described master controller
The second optocoupler and n described reactive-load compensation actuator between.
8. a kind of reactive compensation system is it is characterised in that include the reactive power compensator as described in any one of claim 5-7,
Also include:
Voltage transformer, for gathering described line voltage；
Current transformer, for gathering described power network current；
The n group air switch that first end is connected with described reactive-load compensation actuator respectively correspondingly, the described air switch of n group
The second end be all connected with common bus；
Described common bus is connected with described electrical network by main breaker.
9. reactive compensation system as claimed in claim 8 is it is characterised in that between described common bus and described main breaker
It is additionally provided with fuse.
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| CN201610806626.0A CN106356870B (en) | 2016-09-06 | 2016-09-06 | A kind of reactive compensation adjuster, apparatus and system for distribution system |
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| CN201610806626.0A CN106356870B (en) | 2016-09-06 | 2016-09-06 | A kind of reactive compensation adjuster, apparatus and system for distribution system |
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| CN106356870B (en) | 2019-01-01 |
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