CN106329970A - A rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristic and wide input power range - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristics and wide input power range, comprising a power divider with band-pass characteristics and two sub-rectification circuits connected with the power divider, wherein the sub-rectification circuits include a matching circuit, a rectifier The diode, the DC filter and the impedance load, the two ends of the matching circuit are respectively connected with the power divider and the anode of the rectifier diode, the cathode of the rectifier diode is connected with the DC filter, and the DC filter is connected with the impedance load.

Description

A rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristic and wide input power range

technical field

The invention relates to the field of microwave energy transmission systems, in particular to a rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristics and wide input power range.

Background technique

With the demand for new energy and the rapid development of wireless technology, the application fields of wireless energy transmission are becoming more and more extensive. Wireless energy transmission refers to a process in which energy is transmitted from an energy source to an electrical load. This process gets rid of the traditional wire transmission and is realized through free space. The main mechanism of the wireless energy transmission system is to convert DC energy into microwave energy for energy transmission through the transmitting antenna. After receiving the energy, the receiving antenna rectifies it through a rectification circuit, and then reconverts the received RF energy into DC power that can be used by the device. In wireless energy transfer systems, the performance of the rectifier circuit is the key to the overall system efficiency. A general rectifier circuit can only maintain high efficiency within a narrow input power range, which often causes energy waste in the process of wireless energy transmission. At the same time of rectification, electromagnetic waves in other communication frequency bands are often absorbed, which affects the strength of wireless communication signals.

In order to improve the input power range of the rectifier circuit, a variety of new technologies have emerged to achieve wide input power. Among them is the method of connecting a field effect transistor in parallel to the rectifier diode. This method can broaden the input power range to a large extent, but the operating frequency is low, and it is not practical for large-scale application in wireless energy transmission and wireless energy harvesting occasions; One technology proposes to realize wide input power range rectification by connecting several rectification topologies through switches, but complex power sensors and switching circuits increase the cost and complexity of the circuit and bring difficulties to processing and manufacturing, making it difficult to realize large-scale rectification. promote.

Previous improvements to the rectifier circuit were mainly focused on broadening the input power range and widening the receiving frequency. Considering the practical application aspect, a method has never been proposed which can broaden the input power range and realize the bandpass characteristic at the same time.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem that the traditional rectifier circuit can only maintain high efficiency within a narrow input power range, and proposes a rectifier circuit that can broaden the input power range and realize band-pass characteristics at the same time, thereby improving wireless Performance of rectifier circuits in energy transfer systems.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme that adopts is:

A rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristics and wide input power range, including a power divider with band-pass characteristics and two sub-rectification circuits connected with the power divider, wherein the sub-rectification circuits include a matching circuit, a rectifier diode, a DC For the filter and the impedance load, both ends of the matching circuit are respectively connected to the power divider and the anode of the rectification diode, the cathode of the rectification diode is connected to the DC filter, and the DC filter is connected to the impedance load.

In the above solution, the harmonic generated due to the nonlinearity of the rectifier diode can be reflected and re-rectified, so that the rectifier circuit can achieve higher rectification efficiency in a wider power range. At the same time, by providing a power divider with band-pass characteristics, the rectification circuit has band-pass characteristics, and it will not affect the signals of other communication frequency bands while rectifying the signals in the specified frequency band.

Preferably, the power divider includes a circular patch, impedance matching line B2, impedance matching line B4, impedance matching line B6, port line B1, port line B3 and port line B5, the circular patch along its radial direction Slot C2, slot C3, slot C6, slot C1, slot C4 and slot C5 are respectively opened in the direction, between slot C2 and slot C3, between slot C2 and slot C6, between slot The angle between C3 and slot C6 is 120°;

The slot C1 is set between the slot C2 and the slot C3, and the angle between the slot C1, the slot C2, and the slot C3 is 30°;

The slot C4 is set between the slot C2 and the slot C6, and the angle between the slot C4, the slot C2, and the slot C6 is 30°;

The slot C5 is provided between the slot C3 and the slot C6, and the angle between the slot C5, the slot C3, and the slot C6 is 30°;

The impedance matching line B2 is arranged in the slot C2, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B2 is connected to the circular patch;

The impedance matching line B4 is arranged in the slot C6, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B4 is connected to the circular patch;

The impedance matching line B6 is arranged in the slot C3, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B6 is connected to the circular patch;

The port line B1 is arranged in the slot C1, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B1 is connected to the circular patch;

The port line B3 is set in the slot C4, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch. One end of the impedance matching line B3 is connected to the circular patch, and the other end of the impedance matching line B3 is connected to one of the sub-rectifier circuits. Matching circuit connections;

The port line B5 is set in the slot C5, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch. One end of the impedance matching line B5 is connected to the circular patch, and the other end of the impedance matching line B5 is connected to the other end of the sub-rectifier circuit. Matching circuit connections;

Two metal via holes D1 and D2 are opened on the circular patch.

In the above solution, the power divider with band-pass characteristics realizes the band-pass characteristics through circular patches, vias and slots, for example, opening slots C1, C4, C5 and C6 To match the circuit, slot C2 and slot C3 are used to extend the signal path and reduce the frequency of TM21 mode; add a transmission mode through impedance matching line B2 and impedance matching line B6, and at the same time through impedance matching line B2, impedance matching line B4 , the impedance matching line B6 introduces a transmission zero point; the port line B1 is the input port of the signal, and the port lines B3 and B5 are used as the output ports of the power divider to connect the two sub-rectification circuits respectively. At the same time, the TM01 mode is introduced through the metal vias D1 and D2.

Preferably, there is a gap between the impedance matching line and the port line arranged in the slot and the circular patches on the left and right sides of the slot.

Preferably, the shape and size of the slot C2 and the slot C3 are equal.

Preferably, the slots C1 , C5 and C4 have the same shape and size.

Preferably, the shape and size of the impedance matching line B2 and the impedance matching line B6 are equal.

Preferably, the port lines B1 , port lines B3 and port lines B5 have the same shape and size.

Preferably, the matching circuit includes a microstrip line and a short-circuit line, wherein one end of the microstrip line is connected to the port line B3 or port line B5, and the other end is connected to the anode of the rectifier diode; the short-circuit line is connected in parallel to the microstrip line.

Preferably, the DC filter includes a quarter-wavelength line at the operating frequency of the rectifier circuit and three open lines, the length of each open line is a quarter-wavelength of the first, second, and third harmonics, respectively.

Preferably, the rectifier diode is a Schottky diode.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The rectification circuit with band-pass characteristics and wide input power range provided by the present invention can realize high-efficiency rectification under a wider input power range; at the same time, it also has band-pass characteristics, which will not affect other communications while rectifying signals in specified frequency bands frequency band signals.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rectifier circuit.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the power divider.

Fig. 3 is the S-parameter result diagram of power splitter simulation in 2.45GHz working frequency band.

Fig. 4 is a comparison chart of S parameters tested between the rectification circuit provided by the present invention and the traditional rectification circuit.

Fig. 5 is a comparison diagram of S-parameters of the simulation and test of the rectification circuit provided by the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a comparison chart of rectification efficiency and S-parameters between simulation and test rectification circuit provided by the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a comparison chart of the rectification efficiency of the rectification circuit provided by the present invention and the traditional rectification circuit test.

detailed description

The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and cannot be construed as limiting the patent;

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the rectification circuit includes a power divider with band-pass characteristics and two sub-rectification circuits connected to the power divider, wherein the sub-rectification circuits include a matching circuit, a rectifier diode, a DC filter and an impedance load, and the matching Both ends of the circuit are respectively connected to the power divider and the anode of the rectifier diode, the cathode of the rectifier diode is connected to the DC filter, and the DC filter is connected to the impedance load.

Among them, as shown in Figure 2, the power divider includes a circular patch, impedance matching line B2, impedance matching line B4, impedance matching line B6, port line B1, port line B3 and port line B5, the radius of the circular patch R, slots C2, C3, C6, C1, C4, and C5 are provided on the circular patch along its radial direction, between slots C2 and C3, The angle between the slot C2 and the slot C6, between the slot C3 and the slot C6 is 120°; the slot C1 is set between the slot C2 and the slot C3, and the slot C1 and the slot C2, The included angle between the slots C3 is 30°; the slot C4 is opened between the slot C2 and the slot C6, and the included angle between the slot C4, the slot C2, and the slot C6 is 30°; the slot C5 is set between slot C3 and slot C6, and the angle between slot C5, slot C3, and slot C6 is 30°; impedance matching line B2 is set in slot C2, and its setting direction is along the circle The radial direction of the circular patch, one end of the impedance matching line B2 is connected to the circular patch; the impedance matching line B4 is set in the slot C6, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and the impedance matching line B4 One end is connected to the circular patch; the impedance matching line B6 is set in the slot C3, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B6 is connected to the circular patch; the port line B1 is set in the In the slot C1, its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B1 is connected to the circular patch; the port line B3 is set in the slot C4, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch. In the radial direction, one end of the impedance matching line B3 is connected to the circular patch, and the other end of the impedance matching line B3 is connected to the matching circuit of one of the sub-rectification circuits; the port line B5 is set in the slot C5, and its setting direction is along the circle In the radial direction of the shaped patch, one end of the impedance matching line B5 is connected to the circular patch, and the other end of the impedance matching line B5 is connected to the matching circuit of another sub-rectifier circuit; two Metal vias D1 and D2.

In the above solution, the power divider with band-pass characteristics realizes the band-pass characteristics through circular patches, vias and slots, for example, opening slots C1, C4, C5 and C6 To match the circuit, slot C2 and slot C3 are used to extend the signal path and reduce the frequency of TM21 mode; add a transmission mode through impedance matching line B2 and impedance matching line B6, and at the same time through impedance matching line B2, impedance matching line B4 , the impedance matching line B6 introduces a transmission zero point; the port line B1 is the input port of the signal, and the port lines B3 and B5 are used as the output ports of the power divider to connect the two sub-rectification circuits respectively. At the same time, the TM01 mode is introduced through the metal vias D1 and D2.

In a specific implementation process, as shown in FIG. 2 , the shape and size of the impedance matching line B2 and the impedance matching line B6 are the same, both having a width of W _S2 and a length of L _S2 . The impedance matching line B4 has a width of _{WS4 and a length of L S4 .} Meanwhile, the shape and size of the port lines B1, B3 and B5 are equal.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the slots C1 , C5 , and C4 are equal in shape and size, with a width of W _S3 and a length of L _S3 . The slots C2 and C3 both have a width of W _{S 1} and a length of L _{S 1} , and the slot C6 has a width of W _{S 5} and a length of L _{S 5} . The two metal vias D1 and D2 are located on the horizontal axis, which are symmetrical about the vertical axis, and both have a radius R ₃ .

As shown in Figure 1, the matching circuit includes a microstrip line and a short-circuit line, wherein one end of the microstrip line is connected to the port line B3 or port line B5, and the other end is connected to the anode of the rectifier diode; the short-circuit line is connected in parallel with the microstrip line. Among them, the length of the microstrip line is L ₃ and the width is W ₁ , and the length of the parallel short-circuit line is L ₂ and the width is W ₂ .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the DC filter includes a quarter wavelength line at the operating frequency of the rectifier circuit and three open lines connected in parallel with the wavelength line. Wherein, the lengths of each open line are respectively a quarter wavelength of the first, second and third harmonics. The length of the wavelength line is L ₄ , and the lengths of the three open lines are L ₈ + L ₉ , L ₇ , and L ₅ .

Example 2

In this embodiment, on the basis of the rectifier circuit provided in Embodiment 1, a specific simulation experiment is carried out, and the parameters used in the experiment are as follows:

Power splitter operating parameters at 2.45GHz: W ₀ = 1.38, R = 12.9, R ₃ = 0.5, W _{s 1} = 2.4, L _{s 1} =11.2, W _{s 2} = 1.7, L _{s 2} = 17.7, W _{s 3} = 2.2, L _{s 3} = 3.7, W _{s 4} = 1.1, L _{s 4} = 15.6, L _{s 6} = 10.5, W _{s 5} = 8.8, L _{s 5} = 5.1, L = 1.5.

Working parameters of sub rectifier circuit at 2.45GHz: C ₁ =5pF, R ₁ =1200Ω, L ₁ = 3, L ₂ = 5.9, L ₃ =11.6, L ₄ = 19, L ₅ = 5.8, L ₆ = 9, L ₇ = 9, L ₈ = 10.1, L ₉ = 8.8, W ₁ = 1.6, W ₂ = 3.9, W ₃ = 2.2.

The specific experimental results are shown in Figures 3-7.

As shown in Figure 3, the rectifier circuit can suppress the third harmonic at 2.45GHz.

As shown in Fig. 4, the center frequency of the rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristic and wide input power range provided by the present invention is 2.45 GHz, which can realize third harmonic suppression, and the S parameter is S ₁₁ =-28 dB.

As shown in Figure 5, the rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristics and wide input power range provided by the present invention only has efficiency between 1.9GHz and 2.8GHz, and only rectifies the specified frequency range without affecting signals in other communication frequency bands .

As shown in Figure 7, the rectifier circuit provided by the present invention has a band-pass characteristic and a wide input power range. Compared with the traditional rectifier circuit, it can realize high-efficiency rectification in a larger power range, and the power range where the rectification efficiency is greater than 60% is 7mW to 45mW.

Referring to Figures 3 to 7, it can be seen that the simulation and measured curves have a high degree of agreement. The measured good results show that the solution of the present invention is feasible.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. All modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristics and wide input power range, characterized in that: comprise a power divider with band-pass characteristics and two sub-rectification circuits connected with the power divider, wherein the sub-rectification circuits include matching circuit, a rectifying diode, a DC filter and an impedance load, the two ends of the matching circuit are respectively connected to the power divider and the anode of the rectifying diode, the cathode of the rectifying diode is connected to the DC filter, and the DC filter is connected to the impedance load. 2. The rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristics and wide input power range according to claim 1, characterized in that: said power divider comprises a circular patch, impedance matching line B2, impedance matching line B4, impedance matching line B6, port line B1, port line B3 and port line B5, the circular patch is respectively provided with slots C2, slot C3, slot C6, slot C1, slot C4 and slot C5 along its radial direction , the angle between the slot C2 and the slot C3, between the slot C2 and the slot C6, and between the slot C3 and the slot C6 is 120°; The slot C1 is set between the slot C2 and the slot C3, and the angle between the slot C1, the slot C2, and the slot C3 is 30°; The slot C4 is set between the slot C2 and the slot C6, and the angle between the slot C4, the slot C2, and the slot C6 is 30°; The slot C5 is provided between the slot C3 and the slot C6, and the angle between the slot C5, the slot C3, and the slot C6 is 30°; The impedance matching line B2 is arranged in the slot C2, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B2 is connected to the circular patch; The impedance matching line B4 is arranged in the slot C6, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B4 is connected to the circular patch; The impedance matching line B6 is arranged in the slot C3, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B6 is connected to the circular patch; The port line B1 is arranged in the slot C1, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch, and one end of the impedance matching line B1 is connected to the circular patch; The port line B3 is set in the slot C4, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch. One end of the impedance matching line B3 is connected to the circular patch, and the other end of the impedance matching line B3 is connected to one of the sub-rectifier circuits. Matching circuit connections; The port line B5 is set in the slot C5, and its setting direction is along the radial direction of the circular patch. One end of the impedance matching line B5 is connected to the circular patch, and the other end of the impedance matching line B5 is connected to the other end of the sub-rectifier circuit. Matching circuit connections; Two metal via holes D1 and D2 are opened on the circular patch. 3. The rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristics and wide input power range according to claim 2, characterized in that: the impedance matching line and the port line arranged in the slot are connected with the circular rings on the left and right sides of the slot. Spacing is left between patches. 4 . The rectifier circuit with bandpass characteristics and wide input power range according to claim 2 , wherein the slots C2 and C3 have the same shape and size. 5 . The rectifier circuit with bandpass characteristics and wide input power range according to claim 2 , wherein the slots C1 , C5 , and C4 have the same shape and size. 6 . The rectifier circuit with bandpass characteristics and wide input power range according to claim 4 , wherein the impedance matching line B2 and the impedance matching line B6 have the same shape and size. 7 . The rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristics and wide input power range according to claim 4 , wherein the port lines B1 , B3 and B5 have the same shape and size. 8. The rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristic and wide input power range according to claim 2, characterized in that: said matching circuit comprises a microstrip line and a short-circuit line, wherein one end of the microstrip line is connected to the port line B3 or the port line The other end is connected to the anode of the rectifier diode; the short-circuit line is connected in parallel with the microstrip line. 9. The rectifier circuit with band-pass characteristic and wide input power range according to claim 2, characterized in that: said DC filter comprises a quarter wavelength line and three open lines under the operating frequency of the rectifier circuit, each The lengths of the two open lines are a quarter wavelength of the first, second, and third harmonics, respectively. 10. The rectifier circuit with bandpass characteristics and wide input power range according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the rectifier diode is a Schottky diode.