CN106316871B - 一种手性β2‑氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种手性β2‑氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepine Chemical compound N1C=CC=CC=C1 XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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- OBTZDIRUQWFRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-n-(4-methylphenyl)quinoline-4-carboxamide Chemical compound O1C(C)=CC=C1C1=CC(C(=O)NC=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=N1 OBTZDIRUQWFRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;palladium Chemical compound C.[Pd] UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- XMIIGOLPHOKFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylpropionic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 XMIIGOLPHOKFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
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- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical compound [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 52
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 14
- DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 Chemical compound COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde Chemical group NC1=NC(Cl)=C(C=O)C(Cl)=N1 GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009876 asymmetric hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000846 camphor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009145 protein modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/14—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof
- C07C227/18—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof by reactions involving amino or carboxyl groups, e.g. hydrolysis of esters or amides, by formation of halides, salts or esters
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C201/00—Preparation of esters of nitric or nitrous acid or of compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C201/06—Preparation of nitro compounds
- C07C201/12—Preparation of nitro compounds by reactions not involving the formation of nitro groups
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/04—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups
- C07C227/10—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups with simultaneously increasing the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/54—Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydrides
- C07C51/56—Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydrides from organic acids, their salts, their esters or their halides, e.g. by carboxylation
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- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
- C07C67/313—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of doubly bound oxygen containing functional groups, e.g. carboxyl groups
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- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明属于药物中间体合成技术领域,具体涉及具体涉及一种手性β2‑氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法。所述手性β2‑氨基酸衍生物结构通式为:,其中,R选自C1‑C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。本方法以混合酸酐以及保护苄基胺为起始原料,经过氮杂卡宾催化,得到苄基保护β2‑氨基酸甲酯,加氢脱除保护,得到β2‑氨基酸甲酯盐酸盐。本方法原料简单易得,后处理简单,e.r值和总收率高,可以为工业化生产提供重要参考。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物中间体合成技术领域,具体涉及一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法。
背景技术
非天然氨基酸很多具有良好的生理活性且作为重要中间体,而被广泛用于上市药物及大量正在开发的新药当中,在医药领域越来越重要。但合成这类分子的难点在于手性控制,现有的方法有:一、手性拆分,包括结晶法、化学拆分法、萃取拆分法,这一方法的缺点是损失至少一半的原料,大部分拆分效率不高;二、生物酶拆分法,这一方法稳定性较差,不利于应用于大规模生产(PCT Int. Appl., 2005085462);三、色谱拆分法,这一方法好处在于简单通用,但限制也很明显,设备成本高,制备量少,不适合大规模制备;四,不对称合成,这类方法优点是,能够最为直接的构建手性中心,效率最高,难点是寻找合适的手性催化剂,以及该催化剂的催化效率。现阶段已工业化的不对称反应中,不对称氢化约占到70%(CN102249833B),其它不对称合成还有很大的开发空间。相较于传统的贵金属催化,有机小分子催化具有无重金属毒性以及反应条件温和等特点。
β-氨基酸作为一类重要的化合物,在药物合成以及蛋白质修饰等方面有着很多用途。现阶段,有部分β-氨基酸已经商业化,但大部分报道的方法是由手性辅基诱导出来,手性控制一般,且结构多样性以及衍生物有限(Chem. Commun. 2004, 2778;J. Org. Chem.2008, 73, 3970.)。
发明内容
针对背景技术中所存在的问题,本发明提供一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物及其制备方法。
为了实现本发明目的而采用的技术方案为:一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物,所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物具有如下结构通式:
其中,R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
为了实现本发明另一目的而采用的技术方案为:一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,包括如下制备步骤:
1)混合酸酐的制备:在冰水浴和氮气保护条件下,由化合物-V与特戊酰氯,二氯甲烷为反应溶剂,反应浓度为0.2~1M,加入三乙胺,反应温度为0~30oC,制成混合酸酐;所制得的混合酸酐不经过分离,直接用于反应;
2)化合物-III的制备:向步骤1)中制得的混合酸酐中,继续加入氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I和保护苄基胺,反应温度为0~40oC,搅拌至反应完成,旋干,过快速硅胶柱,得到化合物-III纯品;
3)化合物-IV的制备:在步骤2)制得化合物-III后,旋干,加入甲醇,反应浓度为0.2~1M,在催化剂5% Pd/C,12N HCl条件下,在氢气氛围下,搅拌,过滤,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,即得到β2-氨基酸甲酯的盐酸盐。
优选的,在步骤1)中所述化合物-V具有如下结构通式:
,
其中R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
步骤1)中,所述化合物-V、特戊酰氯和三乙胺的摩尔比为1(1~3):(1~3),优选为1:1:1.2,所述反应温度为0oC,反应浓度为0.3M,反应时间为2小时。
优选的,在步骤2)所述化合物-III的制备中,混合酸酐、氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I和保护苄基胺的摩尔比为2:(0.05~1):(1~3),优选为1.2:0.1:1,反应温度为35oC,反应时间为24小时。
优选的,在步骤(3)所述化合物-IV的制备中,化合物-III生成后不经过纯化,直接旋干,加入甲醇氢化脱苄基,优选甲醇浓度为0.3M,以化合物-III 100%收率计算,化合物-III、Pd/C和浓盐酸的摩尔比为1:(0.05~0.5):(2~20),优选为1:0.05:5,反应压力为1个大气压,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时。
在在步骤2)中,所述化合物-III具有如下结构通式:
其中,R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
作为本发明的优选实施例,本发明所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的结构为:
。
该手性β2-氨基酸衍生物由如下步骤制得:
1)在冰水浴下,氮气保护下,向250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入苯丙酸(3.6g,24.0mmol)溶解于80mL干燥的二氯甲烷中,加入三乙胺(4.0mL,28.8mmol),慢慢滴加入特戊酰氯(2.95mL,24.0mmol),保持此温度下搅拌反应2小时,制得混合酸酐溶液;
2)室温下,继续向步骤1)所制得的混合酸酐溶液中,加入保护苄基胺(4.83g,20mmol)以及氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I( 838mg,2.0mmol),加热并保持反应温度35oC,反应时间为24小时,旋干反应溶剂,快速柱层析,其中乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10,得到白色固体化合物-III-a;
3)将上述步骤2)制得的化合物-III-a 用TLC检测反应完成后,直接旋干,得到的粗产品不经过纯化,加入甲醇80mL,5%钯碳(2.12g,1.0mmol)和浓盐酸(12N,8mL),氢气球置换3次气体,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时,垫硅藻土过滤掉钯碳,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到淡黄色固体,即制得手性β2-氨基酸衍生物。
本发明提供的制备化合物-IV 所示化合物的方法,反应通式如下:
上面路线每个结构式中的R的定义相同,代表以下基团:C1-C16 直链或者支链烷氧羰基;苯基,呋喃,噻,吡啶,萘基(其中取代基为卤素、烷基、烷氧、硝基、酯基、氨基)
本发明的技术优点在于:本发明以混合酸酐(化合物-I)以及保护苄基胺(化合物-II)为起始原料,经过氮杂卡宾催化,得到苄基保护β2-氨基酸甲酯(化合物-III),加氢脱除保护,得到β2-氨基酸甲酯盐酸盐(化合物-Ⅳ)。本方法原料简单易得,后处理简单,e.r值和总收率高,可以为工业化生产提供重要参考。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例子对本发明进行进一步阐述,所述方法如无特殊说明均为常规方法。案例1为具体实施方案,案例2-9参考案例1而来,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。
本发明一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的方法方法,包括以下步骤:
1)混合酸酐(化合物-I)的制备:
化合物-I由酸(化合物-V)与特戊酰氯,二氯甲烷为反应溶剂,反应浓度为0.2~1M, 加入三乙胺,反应温度为0~30oC,原位制备的混合酸酐不经过分离,直接用于反应。所述化合物-I的制备中,化合物-V、特戊酰氯和三乙胺的摩尔比为1:1~3:1~3,优选为1:1:1.2,优选反应温度为0 oC,反应浓度为0.3M, 反应时间为2小时。
2)保护苄基胺(化合物-II)的制备:
参考文献Angew. Chem. 1996, 108, 1059制备而得。
3)化合物-III的制备:
向原位制备的混合酸酐(化合物-I)中,加入氮杂卡宾催化剂前体(NHC-I),保护苄基胺(化合物-II),反应温度为0~40oC,搅拌至反应完成,旋干,过快速硅胶柱,得到化合物-III纯品。所述化合物-III的制备中,酸酐(化合物-I)、氮杂卡宾催化剂前体(NHC-I)和保护苄基胺(化合物-II)的摩尔比为2:0.05~1:1~3,优选为1.2:0.1:1,反应温度为35oC,反应时间为24小时。
4)化合物-IV的制备:
在制备化合物-III时,反应完成后,旋干,加入甲醇(反应浓度为0.2~1M),5% Pd/C,12N HCl,氢气氛围下,搅拌,过滤旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到β2-氨基酸甲酯的盐酸盐(化合物-IV)。所述化合物-IV的制备中,化合物-III生成后不经过纯化,直接旋干,加入甲醇氢化脱苄基,优选甲醇浓度为0.3M,以化合物-III 100%收率计算,化合物-III、Pd/C和浓盐酸的摩尔比为1:0.05~0.5:2~20,优选为1:0.05:5,反应压力为1个大气压,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时。
实施例1
按照如下制备路线:
1)在冰水浴下,氮气保护下,向250ml圆底烧瓶中,加入苯丙酸(化合物-V-a)(3.6g,24.0mmol)溶解于干燥的二氯甲烷(80ml)中,三乙胺(4.0ml,28.8mmol),慢慢滴加入特戊酰氯(2.95ml,24.0mmol),保持此温度下搅拌反应2小时,制得混合酸酐溶液。所制得的混合酸酐直接用于卡宾催化反应。
2)室温下,继续向步骤1)所制得的混合酸酐溶液中,加入保护苄基胺(化合物-II)(4.83g,20mmol)以及氮杂卡宾催化剂前体(NHC-I)(838mg,2.0mmol),加热并保持反应温度35oC,反应时间为24小时。旋干反应溶剂,快速柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10),得到白色固体化合物-III-a,5.22g,收率为70%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.32-7.15 (m, 13H),7.06 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.55 (s, 3H), 3.43 (d, J= 13.2 Hz, 2H), 3.02-2.95 (m, 1H), 2.82 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 8.8 Hz, 1H),2.76 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.51 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 5.6 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.9, 139.2, 139.0, 129.0, 128.7, 128.4, 128.1, 126.9,126.3, 58.4, 55.9, 51.4, 46.9, 36.4; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C25H27NO2H+374.2120, found 374.2114. [α]21 D = +22.6 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis:95:5 er。
3)将上述步骤2)制得的化合物-III-a 用TLC检测反应完成后,直接旋干后,得到的粗产品不经过纯化,加入甲醇(80ml),5%钯碳(2.12g,1.0mmol)和浓盐酸(12N,8ml),氢气球置换3次气体,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时。垫硅藻土过滤掉钯碳,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到淡黄色固体,化合物-IV-a 2.89g,总收率为63%。1H NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) d = 7.42–7.14 (m, 5H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.25–2.83 (m, 5H). 13C NMR(100 MHz, CD3OD) d = 174.4, 138.8, 130.2, 129.7, 128.3, 52.7, 46.0, 41.2,37.0. HRMS (ESI, m/z): [M-Cl]+ calcd. For C11H16NO2 194.11756,Found:194.11745. HPLC analysis: 96:4 er。
实施例2
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-b:
白色固体,收率为70%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.29-7.22 (m, 10H), 7.03(d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.95 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H),3.56 (s, 3H), 3.42 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.00-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.81 (dd, J 1 =12.8 Hz, J 2 = 9.2 Hz, 1H), 2.71 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.51 (dd, J 1 = 12.8 Hz,J 2 = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 175.0, 139.1,136.1, 135.7, 129.1, 129.0, 128.5, 128.1, 126.9, 58.4, 55.8, 51.4, 46.9,36.0, 21.0; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. for C26H29NO2H+ 388.2277, found 388.2278.[α]21 D = +21.4 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 95:5 er。
实施例3
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-c:
白色固体,收率为72%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.32-7.21 (m, 10H), 6.97(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.77 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 3.66 (d, J =13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 3.42 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 2.98-2.91 (m, 1H),2.81 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 2.70 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.51 (dd,J 1 = 12.8 Hz, J 2 = 5.6 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 175.0, 158.1, 139.1,131.2, 129.6, 128.9, 128.1, 126.9, 113.8, 58.4, 55.8, 55.2, 51.4, 47.0, 35.7;HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C26H29NO3H+ 404.2226, found 404.2229. [α]21 D = +14.8 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 95:5 er。
实施例4
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-d:
白色固体,收率为68%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.31-7.24 (m, 10H), 7.18(d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 3.63 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H),3.56 (s, 3H), 3.45 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 2.95-2.88 (m, 1H), 2.80 (dd, J 1 =12.4 Hz, J 2 = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 2.75-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.51 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 6.0Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.6, 139.0, 137.7, 132.1, 130.0, 128.9,128.5, 128.2, 127.0, 58.6, 55.8, 51.4, 46.8, 35.7; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd.for C25H26ClNO2H+ 408.1730, found 408.1729. [α]21D = +10.8 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3);HPLC analysis: 96:4 er。
实施例5
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-e:
黄色固体,收率为65% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.07 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.32-7.25 (m, 10H), 7.17 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 3.63 (d, J = 13.2 Hz,2H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 3.52 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 2.96-2.88 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.78(m, 2H), 2.56 (dd, J 1 = 12.8 Hz, J 2 = 6.4 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ174.1, 147.2, 146.6, 138.9, 129.5, 128.9, 128.3, 127.1, 123.6, 58.9, 55.9,51.6, 46.4, 35.9; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C25H26N2O4H+ 419.1971, found419.1970. [α]21 D = +8.4 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 95:5 er。
实施例6
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-f:
淡黄色固体,收率为65% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 7.33-7.22 (m, 10H), 7.11 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.64 (d,J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.55 (s, 3H), 3.46 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.00-2.92 (m, 1H),2.86-2.75 (m, 3H), 2.53 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 6.0 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz,CDCl3) δ 174.5, 167.0, 144.7, 139.0, 129.7, 128.9, 128.7, 128.3, 128.2,127.0, 58.7, 55.9, 52.0, 51.5, 46.6, 36.3; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. forC27H29NO4H+ 432.2175, found 432.2172. [α]21D = +18.2 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLCanalysis: 96:4 er。
实施例7
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-g:
淡黄色固体,收率为66% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79-7.77 (m,1H), 7.74-7.71 (m, 2H), 7.51 (s, 1H), 7.44-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.19 (m, 11H),3.67 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.55 (s, 3H), 3.44 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.12-3.05(m, 1H), 2.92 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.86 (dd, J 1 = 12.8 Hz, J 2 = 9.2 Hz, 1H),2.56 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 5.6 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.9,139.1, 136.7, 133.5, 132.2, 129.0, 128.2, 128.0, 127.6, 127.5, 127.2, 127.1,127.0, 125.9, 125.4, 58.5, 56.0, 51.4, 46.8, 36.6; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd.for C29H29NO2H+ 424.2277, found 424.2280. [α]21D = +22.1 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3);HPLC analysis: 95:5 er。
实施例8
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-h:
白色固体,收率为69% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.30-7.22 (m,11H), 6.23-6.22 (m, 1H), 5.92-5.91 (m, 1H), 3.65 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.62(s, 3H), 3.45 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.11-3.04 (m, 1H), 2.82-2.76 (m, 3H),2.52 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 6.4 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.6,153.0, 141.2, 139.0, 129.0, 128.2, 127.0, 110.1, 106.1, 58.4, 55.5, 51.6,43.9, 28.7; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C23H25NO3H+ 364.1913, found 364.1911.[α]21D = +15.9 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 94:6 er。
实施例9
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-i:
白色固体,收率为61% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.33-7.22 (m, 10H),7.10-7.09 (m, 1H), 6.87-6.85 (m, 1H), 6.69-6.68 (m, 1H), 3.66 (d, J = 13.6Hz, 2H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 3.46 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.83-2.77 (m,1H), 2.58-2.54 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 174.5, 141.5, 139.0, 129.0,128.2, 127.0, 126.8, 125.4, 123.7, 58.5, 55.6, 51.6, 47.2, 30.3; HRMS (ESI,m/z): calcd. for C23H25NO2SH+ 380.1684, found 380.1685. [α]21 D = +15.3 (c =1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis: 96:4 er。
实施例10
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-j:
淡黄色固体,收率为62% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.43-8.42 (m,1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.35-7.22 (m, 11H), 7.16-7.13 (m, 1H), 3.65 (d, J = 13.6Hz, 2H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 3.49 (d, J = 13.2 Hz, 2H), 2.94-2.88 (m, 1H), 2.85-2.68 (m, 3H), 2.55 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 6.4 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz,CDCl3) δ 174.3, 150.1, 147.8, 138.9, 136.1, 134.7, 128.9, 128.2, 127.1,123.3, 58.7, 55.9, 51.5, 46.6, 33.4; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. For C24H26N2O2H+375.2073, found 375.2067. [α]21D = +12.7 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLC analysis:94:6 er。
实施例11
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-k:
白色固体,收率为32%。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.30-7.21 (m, 10H), 3.68(d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.63 (s, 3H), 3.39 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 2.79-2.66 (m,2H), 2.43 (dd, J 1 = 12.0 Hz, J 2 = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 1.45-1.11 (m, 6H), 0.84 (t, J =6.8 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 175.8, 139.2, 128.9, 128.1, 126.9,58.4, 56.2, 51.3, 44.8, 30.1, 29.5, 22.6, 13.9; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. forC22H29NO2H+ 340.2277, found 340.2273. [α]21D = +17.2 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLCanalysis: 95:5 er。
实施例12
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-l:
白色固体,收率为69% 。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.11 (br, 1H), 7.43 (d,J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.31-7.19 (m, 13H), 3.67 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.59 (s, 3H),3.46 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 2H), 3.13-3.06 (m, 1H), 2.91-2.79 (m, 3H), 2.60 (dd, J 1= 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 1.65 (s, 9H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 175.2,149.7, 139.0, 135.5, 130.4, 129.0, 128.2, 127.0, 124.3, 123.2, 122.4, 118.8,118.1, 115.2, 83.4, 58.5, 56.1, 51.6, 44.9, 28.2, 25.8; HRMS (ESI, m/z):calcd. for C32H36N2O4H+ 513.2753, found 513.2748. [α]21 D = -11.0 (c = 1.0 inCHCl3); HPLC analysis: 92:8 er。
实施例13
依照实施例1方法,制备化合物III-m:
白色固体,收率为46% yield。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.35-7.21 (m, 15H),5.10-5.03 (m, 2H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 3.58 (d, J = 14.4 Hz, 2H), 3.50 (d, J = 13.6Hz, 2H), 3.19-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.72 (dd, J 1 = 12.8 Hz, J 2 = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 2.67-2.57 (m, 2H), 2.53 (dd, J 1 = 12.4 Hz, J 2 = 8.4 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz,CDCl3) δ 174.2, 171.8, 138.8, 135.8, 129.0, 128.9, 128.5, 128.2, 128.1,127.0, 66.4, 58.4, 54.9, 51.8, 40.3, 34.2; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd. forC27H29NO4H+ 432.2175, found 432.2169. [α]21D = +11.0 (c = 1.0 in CHCl3); HPLCanalysis: 92:8 er。
Claims (6)
1.一种手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下制备步骤:
1)混合酸酐的制备:在冰水浴和氮气保护条件下,由化合物-V与特戊酰氯,二氯甲烷为反应溶剂,反应浓度为0.2~1M,加入三乙胺,反应温度为0~30oC,制成混合酸酐;所制得的混合酸酐不经过分离,直接用于反应;
2)化合物-III的制备:向步骤1)中制得的混合酸酐中,继续加入氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I和保护苄基胺,反应温度为0~40oC,搅拌至反应完成,旋干,过快速硅胶柱,得到化合物-III纯品;
3)化合物-IV的制备:在步骤2)制得化合物-III后,旋干,加入甲醇,反应浓度为0.2~1M,在催化剂5% Pd/C,12N HCl条件下,在氢气氛围下,搅拌,过滤,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,即得到为β2-氨基酸甲酯的盐酸盐的化合物-IV;
其中,步骤1)中所述化合物-V具有如下结构通式:
,
步骤2)中所述氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I具有如下结构式:
,
步骤2)中所述化合物-III具有如下结构通式:
,
步骤3)中所述化合物-IV具有如下结构通式:
,
其中,R选自C1-C16直链或者支链烷氧羰基,取代基取代的苯基、呋喃、噻吩、吡啶、萘基,所述取代基选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、酯基、氨基中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述化合物-V、特戊酰氯和三乙胺的摩尔比为1: (1~3):(1~3),所述反应温度为0oC,反应浓度为0.3M,反应时间为2小时。
3.根据权利要求1所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤2)所述化合物-III的制备中,混合酸酐、氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I和保护苄基胺的摩尔比为2:(0.05~1):(1~3),反应温度为35oC,反应时间为24小时。
4.根据权利要求1所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤3)所述化合物-IV的制备中,化合物-III生成后不经过纯化,直接旋干,加入甲醇,氢化脱苄基,以化合物-III 100%收率计算,化合物-III、Pd/C和浓盐酸的摩尔比为1:(0.05~0.5):(2~20),反应压力为1个大气压,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的结构为:
。
6.根据权利要求5所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述手性β2-氨基酸衍生物由如下步骤制得:
1)在冰水浴下,氮气保护下,向250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入苯丙酸3.6g溶解于80mL干燥的二氯甲烷中,加入三乙胺4.0mL,慢慢滴加入特戊酰氯2.95mL,保持此温度下搅拌反应2小时,制得混合酸酐溶液;
2)室温下,继续向步骤1)所制得的混合酸酐溶液中,加入保护苄基胺4.83g以及氮杂卡宾催化剂前体NHC-I 838mg,加热并保持反应温度35oC,反应时间为24小时,旋干反应溶剂,快速柱层析,其中乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10,得到白色固体化合物-III-a;
3)将上述步骤2)制得的化合物-III-a 用TLC检测反应完成后,直接旋干,得到的粗产品不经过纯化,加入甲醇80mL,5%钯碳2.12g和浓盐酸12N,8mL,氢气球置换3次气体,反应温度为室温,反应时间48小时,垫硅藻土过滤掉钯碳,旋干,得到的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到淡黄色固体,即制得手性β2-氨基酸衍生物。
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