CN106315721A - Critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device - Google Patents
Critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/02—Temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/03—Pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/06—Pressure conditions
- C02F2301/066—Overpressure, high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device. Seawater is converted into steam directly by solar energy to be desalted, and then a machine is pushed by the steam to do work, so that power can be generated, and water and power coproduction effects can be realized. The critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device is completely different from technical means for saving energy by means of reducing the evaporation temperature of seawater during sea water desalinating by the aid of the traditional heat methods, and the seawater is evaporated in critical states to be desalted and desalinated; the seawater in the critical states is extremely low in enthalpy difference, and accordingly energy can be saved by approximately 20% by methods implemented by the aid of the critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device as compared with low-temperature desalination technologies; the critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device is in 'light-heat-electric' power generation modes in power generation procedures, and accordingly the power generation efficiency of the critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device is higher than the power generation efficiency of 'light-electric' conversion forms used during the traditional solar power generation. According to the technical scheme, the critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device has the advantages that a light absorption coating with an ultrahigh absorption rate is arranged on the surface of a porous material with low heat conductivity, so that the seawater on surface layers has the local high temperature, the light-steam conversion rate can be increased, and the yield of fresh water can be greatly increased; the steam in critical states is high in work capacity, and the Carnot efficiency of the steam is close to 55%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of critical or supercritical solar energy water thermoelectric coproduction device, belong to desalinization and lead with energy-saving and emission-reduction
Territory.
Background technology
Desalinization is that salt in sea water and water are separated by one, and then obtains fresh water method.With full-boiled process desalinization
As a example by technology, its essence be heating of seawater is warmed up to fluidized state so that produce steam then condense obtain fresh water process.
At present, multi-stage flash evaporation technology utilize vapor (steam) temperature at 90～120 DEG C, owing to the steam at a temperature of this still has for Modern Power Plant
Standby bigger acting generating capacity, causes desalinating cost high.One available as little as 70 disclosed in patent No. CN102092805A
The low-temperature multi-effect technology of DEG C steam, greatly reduces heat consumption cost in desalinization.Reducing energy consumption is to alleviate desalinization cost
High important channel, almost all of full-boiled process desalination technology personnel become at the thermal source reducing desalinization by every means
This.Accompanying drawing 2 is the enthalpy relation curve with temperature of saturated vapor and water, for the water (25 DEG C) of initial state, evaporating temperature (25
～250) DEG C in change, evaporating temperature is the highest, and required energy is the biggest, and high temperature desalination directly increases undoubtedly and makes water cost.But
With regard to current technology, wanting to reduce the boiling point of sea water, effective method is exactly evacuation, but in Liquid-vapor Phase Transition System
Vacuum remains extremely difficult so that have in low-temperature multi-effect desalination technology supporting huge vacuum extractor and corresponding control
System processed, incidentally makes equipment volume huge, adds cost of investment.
But, if evaporating temperature breaks through 250 DEG C, the energy needed for evaporation will significantly decline.When pressure brings up to
During critical pressure (22.129MPa), the latent heat of vaporization is 0, and water is heated to during critical temperature (374.15 DEG C) complete at this pressure
Portion is vaporized into steam, no longer there is steam-water twin phases district.Especially, when water critical: tc=374.15 DEG C, Pc=
Ratio 120 DEG C is evaporated the required few 598.7kJ of energy, the most just by 22.129MPa, 1kg water energy needed for liquid becomes steam state
It is to say that critical state desalinization can save the energy of 22.8% relative to 120 DEG C of desalination process.Critical state desalination technology is not
It is only capable of being greatly lowered the energy consumption needed for evaporation, and due to steam specific volume the least (22MPa, specific volume under high pressure conditions
0.008m3/ kg) relative to low-pressure steam (0.01MPa, specific volume 15.3m3/ kg), equipment volume can be greatly reduced, reduce investment
Cost.From thermodynamics the first efficiency, being evaporated in critical point by water is the most energy-conservation means.Primarily now problem is intended to solve
The most how low cost obtains high temperature heat source, it is clear that it is the most uneconomical for utilizing the method such as combustion of fossil fuel or electrical heating
, if can directly recycle low-grade energy and obtain in the case of need not pay extra work high temperature heat source will be solve
The certainly optimal path of this problem.
Utilizing solar electrical energy generation is energy-saving and emission-reduction, alleviates the environmental pollution that conventional electric power generation technology such as relying on fossil energy is brought
One of effective way.But, actual problem is disposed upon solar opto-electronic board based on silicon on ground, relatively inexpensive,
Its efficiency typically only 15%～20%.Owing to photoelectric transformation efficiency is the lowest, so that photovoltaic generation power density is low, it is difficult to shape
Becoming high power generation system, its electricity conversion is low is the bottleneck hindering photovoltaic generation spread.Turn relative to photoelectricity
Changing inefficient problem, photothermal conversion efficiency is the highest, and the most civilian household solar energy water heater transformation efficiency maximum is permissible
To 80%.Recent patent CN105713502A discloses a kind of solar energy heat absorbing material, and its photothermal conversion efficiency is up to 90%.
The trend that solar energy generation technology the most oriented " optical and thermal-electricity " pattern converts at present, this kind of generating efficiency is better than photovoltaic generation.
But owing to solar energy density is low, solar energy to be absorbed as far as possible and the energy of absorption can be converted into steaming to the full extent
Vapour is the technical bottleneck in solar energy techniques, in conjunction with invention content, needs to solve two critical problem a. high
Still sunlight possessed high-absorbility under temperature state (>=374 DEG C)；B. by the solar energy of absorption to greatest extent on be used for sea water
By thermal evaporation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of critical or supercritical solar energy water thermoelectric coproduction device.This device
Utilize solar energy to obtain high temperature and high pressure steam, and utilize steam drive steam turbine power generation.Instant invention overcomes tradition full-boiled process sea water
Desalination energy consumption is big, the problem that solar energy " optical-electronic " transformation efficiency is low.
The feature of this device is to directly utilize solar energy sea water is changed into steam to complete desalination, then utilizes Steam Actuation
Mechanical work completes generating, it is achieved water-electricity cogeneration.The present invention is totally different from tradition full-boiled process desalinization by reducing sea water
Evaporating temperature realize energy-conservation technological means, but allow sea water evaporate under critical conditions and realize desalting, due to critical
Under state, enthalpy difference is the least makes the method compare low temperature desalination technology saving energy 20%.Power generation process uses the generating of " optical and thermal-electricity "
Mode, " optical-electronic " reformulations that its generating efficiency uses higher than tradition solar electrical energy generation.The present invention utilizes many at low heat conductivity
The light-absorbing coating of one layer of superelevation absorbance of Porous materials surface design, it is achieved sea water, in the localized hyperthermia on top layer, improves light-steam
Conversion ratio, add fresh water yield.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of critical or supercritical solar energy water thermoelectric coproduction device, including sea water evaporator, the top of described sea water evaporator
End is beam condensing unit, and there is the hydrophilic porous dielectric layer of level centre, and sea water evaporator is divided into upper and lower two parts, and top is for steaming
Vapour chamber, bottom is additional cavity, and described hydrophilic porous dielectric layer surface has solar energy absorbing coating, described solar energy absorbing coating
The duct of hydrophilic porous dielectric layer will not be blocked；
One end of described compensated cavity is connected with sea water pipe by high-pressure pump, and the other end passes through pressure energy retracting device and salt
Water relation connects；
Described vapor chamber is connected with steam turbine, condensing unit, fresh water pipeline successively, and described steam turbine uses critical or super faces
Boundary's steam turbine, is connected with generator coaxle.
Realizing evaporation of seawater desalination for arriving local heating at solar energy absorbing coating, the heat conductivity of heat absorbing coating is general
Higher, preferably heat conductivity is more than 20W/ (m2·K)；Wherein, hydrophilic porous dielectric layer has anti-seawater corrosion performance, is
A kind of low-down material of heat conductivity, preferably heat conductivity are less than 2W/ (m2·K)；Further, heat is reduced from evaporation
Transmitting towards bottom, the thickness of hydrophilic porous dielectric layer is typically at 10mm～50mm.
Steam turbine upper end air intake and steam chambers in sea water desalinating unit, lower end steam drain connects with condensing unit.
Described pressure energy retracting device is used for the energy of recovered brine overbottom pressure, and saline is discharged by bottom brine line.
Cold water intaking pipeline on condensing unit, can become a part for sea water pipe, enters sea water evaporator for giving
Seawater preheating.
The work process of apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
During desalinization, sea water is entered in compensated cavity via sea water pipe by high-pressure pump extraction.With hydrophilic porous Jie
The sea water of matter layer contact is transported in solar energy absorbing coating under capillary force swabbing action, and sunlight converges through beam condensing unit
To coating surface, owing to porous media maritime interior waters convection action is the most weak, and solar energy absorbing coating substrate be heat conductivity very
The porous material of difference so that be radiated in the surface seawater that heat above all collects in absorber coatings so that thin layer sea
Water is brought rapidly up to boiling point and produces steam.Owing to whole vaporizer sea water side and vapor chamber are all in high pressure conditions, especially,
Control pressure, at 22.13MPa, sea water, evaporation near critical temperature 374.15 DEG C is produced the steam of High Temperature High Pressure.Then, high
Temperature high pressure superheated steam enters steam turbine acting, is converted to the mechanical energy of turbine blade, drives the coaxial electromotor being connected to turn
Dynamic, electromotor converts mechanical energy into electric energy.And steam turbine outlet exhaust steam enters condensation dress via the air vent of steam turbine lower end
Condensing in putting, normal temperature seawater, as coolant, becomes fresh water after steam release condensation heat condensation and flows out with fresh water pipeline.
Compare conventional art native system to be advantageous in that:
(1) system structure is compact, and cost of investment is low.High temperature desalination technology without carrying out evacuation as low temperature desalination technology,
And due under high pressure steam specific volume little, device is more much smaller than vacuum full-boiled process desalination technology.
(2) it is totally different from tradition full-boiled process desalinization and realizes energy-conservation technology hands by the evaporating temperature reducing sea water
Section, but allow sea water evaporation under critical or supercriticality realize desalting, compared to Low Temperature Thermal law technology saving energy
20%.
(3) solar energy absorbing coating-lower thermal conductivity porous hydrophilic substrate special composite structure, sea to be evaporated in reducer
Water free convection is lost, and decreases simultaneously and evaporates towards the diarrhea of heat type dew of sea water in compensated chamber, and the solar energy making absorption can be maximum
For sea water by thermal evaporation in limit, at utmost improve the aquifer yield of high temperature desalination technology.
(4) solar energy " optical and thermal-electricity " generation technology, in whole system design, utilizes critical or postcritical High Temperature High Pressure
Steam, pushing turbine does work, and makes steam-electric power ability reach the highest level, and its Carnot efficiency can be close to 55%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1, present system structural representation.1-beam condensing unit, 2-solar energy absorbing coating, the hydrophilic porous medium of 3-
Layer, 4-vapor chamber, 5-sea water evaporator, 6-compensated cavity, 7-high-pressure pump, 8-sea water pipe, 9-pressure energy retracting device, 10-salt
Water pipeline, 11-steam turbine, 12-electromotor, 13-condensing unit, 14-fresh water pipeline, 15-cooling water pipeline.
The enthalpy of Fig. 2, saturated vapor and saturation water and the curve of temperature.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with being specifically illustrating and embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
A kind of critical to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings or detailed description of the invention of supercritical solar energy water thermoelectric coproduction device
It is described in detail.As it is shown in figure 1, be a kind of critical or supercritical solar energy water thermoelectric coproduction device structural representation of the present invention, bag
Including sea water evaporator, the top of described sea water evaporator is beam condensing unit, and there is the hydrophilic porous dielectric layer of level centre, sea
Water evaporimeter is divided into upper and lower two parts, and top is vapor chamber, and bottom is additional cavity, and described hydrophilic porous dielectric layer surface has too
Sun energy absorber coatings, described solar energy absorbing coating will not block the duct of hydrophilic porous dielectric layer；
One end of described compensated cavity is connected with sea water pipe by high-pressure pump, and the other end passes through pressure energy retracting device and salt
Water pipeline connects；
Described vapor chamber is connected with steam turbine, condensing unit, fresh water pipeline successively, and described steam turbine is with generator coaxle even
Connect.
Sea water side device includes high-pressure pump 7, compensated cavity 6 and energy recycle device 9, and wherein sea water is passed through in high-pressure pump 7 one end
Pipeline 8 connects with sea, and high-pressure pump 7 is a kind of high pressure reciprocating pump, it is provided that 30MPa pressure of supply water；The other end and compensated cavity 6
Connection, compensated cavity 6 opposite side connects strong brine discharge pipe, brine discharge pipeline is provided with pressure energy retracting device 9, is one
Kind utilize the Incoercibility of fluid to make high-pressure fluid compression and low pressure fluid, the pressure of high-pressure thick saline can be directly passed to into
Material sea water, it is achieved that the directly transmission of " pressure energy pressure energy ", its energy recovery rate is up to 95%.
Steam side includes beam condensing unit 1, solar energy absorbing coating 2, hydrophilic porous dielectric layer 3.Wherein solar absorption
Coating 2 sticks to hydrophilic porous dielectric layer 3 top layer, and hydrophilic porous dielectric layer 3 is the water absorption material of a kind of heat conductivity difference
Material.
Electricity generation system includes steam turbine 11, the electromotor 12 being coaxially connected with steam turbine 11, steam turbine 11 upper end air intake
Connecting with vaporium 4, lower end steam drain connects with condensing unit 13.
Condenser system includes for making vaporization fresh water cooled become the condensing unit 13 of liquid and connect with condensing unit 13
Carry the cooling water pipeline 15 of Cooling Water for it, the steam drain of the upper end of heat exchange coil and steam turbine lower end in condensing unit 13
Connection, normal temperature seawater enters condensing unit 13 as coolant by cooling water pipeline 15, and condensation Absorption by Sea Water heat heats up, and rises
Normal temperature seawater after temperature is sent into sea water pipe 8 and is realized the recovery of condensation heat.
During desalinization, sea water is extracted by high-pressure pump 7 and enters into compensated cavity 6 via sea water pipe 8, opens simultaneously and can collect very much
Hot systems, sea water enters porous media duct under the porous suction force of the hydrophilic porous medium of anticorrosion 3 drives, and at the sun
Stable gas-liquid interface can be formed in absorber coatings 2 surface, be brought rapidly up at solar energy direct projection effect layer Absorption by Sea Water heat
Undergoing phase transition, its evaporating temperature is relevant with evaporation cavity pressure, and in controlling vaporium 5 especially by high-pressure pump 7, pressure exists
22.13MPa or higher so that now evaporating temperature is up to 371 DEG C, the steam of vaporization quickly fills with vaporium 4, high steam warp
Cross connection vaporium 4 and the steam pipe line of Steam Turbine 11, the air intake of Steam Turbine 11 enter Steam Turbine 11 and do work, turn
Being changed to the mechanical energy of Steam Turbine 11 intra vane, drive the coaxial generating set 12 being connected to rotate, generating set 12 is by mechanical energy
Be converted to electric energy.Exhaust steam enters condensing unit 13 via the air vent of Steam Turbine 11 lower end and condenses.Normal temperature seawater conduct
Coolant, enters condensing unit 13 through cooling water pipeline 15 and carries out heat exchange with exhaust steam, become after steam release condensation heat condensation
Liquid fresh water flows through fresh water pipeline 14 and enters fresh-water tank collection；Meanwhile, normal temperature seawater absorption condensation heat heats up and increases via high-pressure pump 7
Enter compensated cavity after pressure and carry out the desalination of next round.And the saline do not desalinated in evaporation cavity reclaims greatly through energy recycle device 9
Partial high pressure power can after sea water carried out precompressed, reduce the power consumption of high-pressure pump.
Wherein, the enthalpy of Fig. 2 saturated vapor and water understands with the relation curve of temperature, the energy needed for the evaporation of 1kg water
Evaporating required energy at 120 DEG C for the evaporation of 2107.2kJ/kg, 1kg water is 2716.6kJ/kg, and the evaporation of every kg water is required
Energy reduce 609.4kJ, relative to 120 DEG C at evaporation can save 22.4% energy.Critical state desalination technology can not only
Energy consumption evaporation needed for be greatly lowered, and due under high pressure conditions steam specific volume the least, when pressure P=22MPa, than
Volume v=0.008m3/ kg, relative to low-pressure steam when pressure P=0.01MPa, specific volume v=15.3m3/ kg, can be significantly
Reduce sea water desalting equipment floor space, possess greater significance at aspects such as Military Application.
Wherein, the beam condensing unit 1 in solar thermal collection system can be selected for Fresnel solar energy condenser system.
Wherein it is preferred to, solar energy absorbing coating 2 select have high-absorbility, low-launch-rate characteristic and at high temperature
There is under environment the spectrally selective absorption coating of superior antioxygenic property and heat stability.Such as select by cathode arc from
Nanocrystalline CrAl-amorphous Al CrOx composite multi-layer material prepared by sub-coating technology, its have 0.92-0.94 absorbance and
The emissivity of 0.10-0.15, has superior antioxygenic property and heat stability in 500 DEG C of environment.
Wherein, solar energy absorbing coating 2 heat conductivity is typically the highest, can pass to contact therewith by more rapid for heat
Sea water to be evaporated.Preferably heat conductivity K > 20W/ (m2K) material.
Wherein, hydrophilic porous dielectric layer should be a kind of heat conductivity low-down anticorrosive property material, preferably heat conduction
COEFFICIENT K < 2W/ (m2K), such as porous carbon layer, porous ceramics etc.；Further, heat is reduced from evaporation the end of towards for maximizing
Layer transmission, the thickness of porous medium layer is typically at 10mm～50mm.
Preferably, outer wall and/or the inwall of sea water evaporator 5 are provided with heat-insulation layer, to preserve vaporizer to greatest extent
Interior energy, reduces the loss of heat.
Wherein, the steam turbine in electricity generation system uses critical or supercritical pressure turbine, utilizes critical or postcritical high temperature
High steam promotes the acting of critical or supercritical pressure turbine, makes steam-electric power ability reach the highest level, and its Kano is imitated
Rate is to 55%.
Wherein it is preferred to, pressure energy retracting device 9 uses positive displacement energy recycle device, utilizes strong brine directly to increase
The mode being pressed into material sea water reclaims overbottom pressure energy, and remaining pressure energy organic efficiency is up to more than 95%.
Claims (6)
1. a critical or supercritical solar energy water thermoelectric coproduction device, including sea water evaporator, the top of described sea water evaporator
For beam condensing unit, there is the hydrophilic porous dielectric layer of level centre, sea water evaporator is divided into upper and lower two parts, and top is steam
Chamber, bottom is additional cavity, and described hydrophilic porous dielectric layer surface has solar energy absorbing coating, and described solar energy absorbing coating is not
The duct of hydrophilic porous dielectric layer can be blocked；
One end of described compensated cavity is connected with sea water pipe by high-pressure pump, and the other end is closed with saline by pressure energy retracting device
System connects；
Described vapor chamber is connected with steam turbine, condensing unit, fresh water pipeline successively, and described steam turbine uses critical or supercritical vapour
Turbine, is connected with generator coaxle.
Device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heat conductivity of described solar energy heat absorbing coating is more than 20W/
(m2K), described hydrophilic porous dielectric layer heat conductivity is less than 2W/ (m2·K)。
Device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of described hydrophilic porous dielectric layer 10mm ~
50mm。
Device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cold water intaking pipeline on condensing unit becomes sea water pipe
A part.
Device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described solar energy absorbing coating select by cathode arc from
Nanocrystalline CrAl-amorphous Al CrOx composite multi-layer material prepared by sub-coating technology.
Device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that outer wall and/or the inwall of sea water evaporator are provided with insulation
Layer.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610831308.XA CN106315721B (en) | 2016-09-19 | 2016-09-19 | Critical or supercritical solar energy water and electricity cogeneration device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610831308.XA CN106315721B (en) | 2016-09-19 | 2016-09-19 | Critical or supercritical solar energy water and electricity cogeneration device |
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| CN106315721B CN106315721B (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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| CN109650334A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of method of direct photothermal conversion hydrogen from methyl alcohol |
| CN110203987A (en) * | 2019-05-25 | 2019-09-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of solar seawater desalination collaboration device for generating power by waste heat |
| CN110526314A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-12-03 | 吴启帆 | Micro- subcritical seawater of energy consumption, which is seized, evaporates desalination method |
| CN110589920A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-12-20 | 广东工业大学 | Solar heat collection device and seawater desalination system with same |
| CN111637430A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-09-08 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Porous medium composite structure photothermal cavity water taking device and method |
| CN114604923A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-06-10 | 广东海洋大学 | Photothermal-photoelectric integrated heat collecting pipe seawater desalting device |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110526314A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-12-03 | 吴启帆 | Micro- subcritical seawater of energy consumption, which is seized, evaporates desalination method |
| CN110526314B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2022-05-13 | 吴启帆 | Micro-energy consumption subcritical seawater capture distillation desalination method |
| CN108911107A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-30 | 大连亿斯德制冷设备有限公司 | A kind of organic wastewater Supercritical water oxidation treatment device and method |
| CN109650334A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of method of direct photothermal conversion hydrogen from methyl alcohol |
| CN110203987A (en) * | 2019-05-25 | 2019-09-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of solar seawater desalination collaboration device for generating power by waste heat |
| CN110589920A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-12-20 | 广东工业大学 | Solar heat collection device and seawater desalination system with same |
| CN111637430A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-09-08 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Porous medium composite structure photothermal cavity water taking device and method |
| CN114604923A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-06-10 | 广东海洋大学 | Photothermal-photoelectric integrated heat collecting pipe seawater desalting device |
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