CN106290006B - A kind of experimental rig measuring shear strength parameter variation in soft clay consolidation process - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig measuring shear strength parameter variation in soft clay consolidation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106290006B CN106290006B CN201610651210.6A CN201610651210A CN106290006B CN 106290006 B CN106290006 B CN 106290006B CN 201610651210 A CN201610651210 A CN 201610651210A CN 106290006 B CN106290006 B CN 106290006B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental rigs of shear strength parameter variation in measurement soft clay consolidation process, belong to soft clay analytical equipment technical field, including frame, load plate, with miniature cross plate shearing instrument, torsiometer, sample chamber, measuring unit and the elevating mechanism of pore pressure test function；Load plate is arranged in the top of sample chamber, load plate or sample chamber and is arranged on frame by elevating mechanism；Measuring unit includes the sensor for acquiring the information such as pore water pressure, soil pressure, displacement；The present invention not only can individually study failure by shear mechanism when no body is changed into the failure by shear mechanism of used time or acts on without pore pressure, but also can study the failure by shear mechanism under body change, pore pressure coupling simultaneously, and experiment type is more abundant；Shearing strength caused by with soil deformation and pore pressure change can be also studied in soft clay load and consolidation process to change, research along with entire research process shear strength parameter with consolidation process changing rule.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental rigs of shear strength parameter variation in measurement soft clay consolidation process, belong to soft glutinous
Soil analysis engineering device technique field.
Background technique
The shearing strength of soft clay can increase with pore pressure dissipation in consolidation process, effective stress and be increased, ground it is steady
It is qualitative also by the active development with the variation of loading procedure and shearing strength.Therefore, when the stability analysis of Soft Clay Foundation,
It needs to consider to change in load and consolidation process with shearing strength caused by soil deformation and pore pressure change, to carry out from load
Long-time stability of the short-term stability gradual transition of construction time to the normal use phase, i.e., the analysis of stability of entire life cycle management
Analysis.Soft Clay Foundation unstable failure and the Engineering Projects of stability analysis show the hair of deformation and pore pressure caused by discharging consolidation
Exhibition has extremely important influence for the dynamic change of soft clay shearing strength.It fully realizes under the two factor collective effects
The shearing strength characteristic of soft clay is to carry out the important prerequisite of Soft Clay Foundation stability analysis.
Currently, disclosing the laboratory experiment means of soil classifiction characteristic mainly has direct shear test and triaxial test, usually
There are following three types：It does not consolidate and does not drain（UU）, consolidation do not drain（CU）And consolidation draining（CD）.Wherein, UU and CU is real
The undrained shear strength consolidated under the conditions of effective stress and void ratio before certain is cut can be measured by testing（Rather than intensity index）, it is applicable in
In the method Analysis on Groundwork Stability of φ=0；CU experiment can measure total stress Shear Strength Index, be suitable for total stress method ground
Stability analysis；CU and CD experiment can measure effective stress Shear Strength Index, be suitable for effective stress method foundation stability
Analysis.In UU and CU experiment shear history, soil sample does not drain completely, and body becomes εv= 0；In CD experimentation, soil sample is arranged completely
Water, pore pressure u=0.Obviously, hydraulic boundary conditions of the routine experiment type in shear history are not drain and arrange completely completely
Both extreme hydraulic boundary conditions of water, UU and CU experiment only embody the failure by shear mechanism that no body is changed into the used time, and CD
Experiment only embodies the failure by shear mechanism when effect of no pore pressure.
Although the experiment before direct shear apparatus, triaxial apparatus can be cut by difference under the conditions of consolidation effective stress, reflects the soil body
Shearing strength increases and increased characteristic with consolidation effective stress before cutting, but simultaneously with Soft Clay Foundation consolidation in Practical Project
Shearing, i.e. body become not consistent with the failure by shear mechanism under pore pressure coupling, moreover, can not reflect the shearing resistance of soft clay
Never hull-borne is transitioned into the progressive formation of hull-borne to intensity.Therefore, it is quite necessary to which consolidation can be carried out by developing one kind
The experimental rig of the Study on strength of soft clay in the process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, a kind of measurement soft clay is provided and was consolidated
The experimental rig that shear strength parameter changes in journey, for simulating, studying the soil body sedimentation hair in saturation soft clay consolidation process
The changing rule of exhibition, pore water pressure dissipation, shearing strength etc., allow a technician to it is more intuitive, more accurately collect
The shearing strength variation characteristic being saturated in soft clay consolidation process.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a kind of examination for measuring shear strength parameter variation in soft clay consolidation process
Experiment device, which is characterized in that including frame, load plate, several miniature cross plate shearing instrument, torsion with pore pressure test function
Meter, the sample chamber for placing sample, measuring unit and elevating mechanism；
Drainage arrangement is provided in the sample chamber；
The top of the sample chamber is arranged in the load plate, and the load plate or the sample chamber pass through the elevator
Structure is arranged on said frame；
The measuring unit includes sensor data acquisition device, several are used to measure the hole of sample Pore Pressure
Gap water pressure sensor, several are for measuring in sample the soil pressure sensor of soil pressure and several for measuring are located at institute
State the displacement sensor of specimen height change in sample chamber；
Be respectively arranged on the lower surface of the load plate several described pore water pressure sensors and several described in
Soil pressure sensor is provided with several soil pressure sensors in the sample chamber；Institute's displacement sensors are arranged in institute
It states by the side wall of sample chamber；The output of the pore water pressure sensor, the soil pressure sensor and institute's displacement sensors
End is electrically connected with the input terminal of the sensor data acquisition device；
Several miniature cross plate shearing instruments are symmetrically disposed in the load plate, and the miniature cross plate shearing instrument is equal
It is rotatablely connected the load plate；The torsiometer is removably connected together the upper end of miniature cross plate shearing instrument.
Preferentially, the drainage arrangement includes drain bar and drainpipe；The bottom of the sample chamber is arranged in the drain bar
One drainage cavity is formed on the bottom of portion, the drain bar and the sample chamber, and one end of the drainpipe is connected to the drainage cavity,
The drainpipe is located at the outside of the sample chamber.
Preferentially, the elevating mechanism includes air compressor, cylinder and barostat；The air compressor it is defeated
Outlet connects the input terminal of the barostat, and the output end of the barostat connects the input terminal of the cylinder.
It preferentially, further include fixed device, hoistable platform and several shafts；Several described shafts are symmetricly set on institute
It states on frame, the hoistable platform is slidably connected the shaft, and the sample chamber is arranged on the hoistable platform, the lifting
Cushion block is provided with below platform, the cushion block is fixed on the lower surface of the hoistable platform, and the cylinder is located at institute
It states below cushion block, the cylinder is vertically provided at the lower end of the frame；The load plate connects by the way that the fixed device is fixed
Connect the frame；When cylinder jacking, the piston rod of the cylinder is connected together the cushion block to drive the lifting
Platform moves upwards.
Preferentially, the cylinder is vertically fixedly installed on said frame, and the cylinder is located above the load plate, institute
The piston rod for stating cylinder is fixedly connected with the load plate；The sample chamber fixed setting is on said frame.
It preferentially, further include adjustable rail, cylinder supports frame, sliding platform and rocking bar；The cylinder supports frame
On said frame, the adjustable rail is arranged on the cylinder supports frame, and the adjustable rail is located at institute for setting
The lower section of hoistable platform is stated, the sliding platform is rotatablely connected the adjustable rail, the cylinder setting by the rocking bar
On the sliding platform.
It preferentially, further include U-shaped sealing necklace；The U-shaped sealing necklace is wrapped on the side wall of the load plate.
Preferentially, the miniature cross plate shearing instrument further includes the pore water pressure sensor；The pore water pressure
Sensor is fixed at the bottom end of the miniature cross plate shearing instrument by transparent rubber plug.
Preferentially, several equally distributed drainage holes are offered on the drain bar, drain bar is arranged with reinforcement branch
Support.
Preferentially, the material of the frame is stainless steel metal.
The beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are as follows：
（1）Device not only can individually study no body and be changed into the failure by shear mechanism of used time or without pore pressure through the invention
Failure by shear mechanism when effect, and the failure by shear mechanism under body change, pore pressure coupling can be studied simultaneously, record sample
The data such as soil body pore pressure, soil pressure, sedimentation and shearing strength in consolidation process, and then quantitative analysis consolidation effect, experiment type is more
Add abundant；
（2）The present invention, which can be studied, to be resisted in soft clay load and consolidation process with caused by soil deformation and pore pressure change
Strength Changes are cut, can reflect that never hull-borne is transitioned into the progressive formation of hull-borne for the shearing strength of soft clay, to carry out
It is analyzed from the long-time stability for loading the short-term stability gradual transition of construction time to the normal use phase, research is along with entirely grinding
Study carefully the changing rule of process, the data of acquisition more have generality, study soft clay teaching and scientific research experimental rig to pushing
Development there is brilliant contribution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structure chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is front view of the invention；
Fig. 3 is side view of the invention；
Fig. 4 is top view of the invention；
Fig. 5 is bottom view of the invention.
Meaning in appended drawing reference, 1- frame；2- load plate；Miniature cross plate shearing instrument of the 3- with pore pressure test function；4-
Load board fixer；5- sample chamber；6- porous disc；7- drainpipe；8- pore water pressure sensor；9- soil pressure sensor；
10- displacement sensor；11- shaft；12- hoistable platform；13- sample chamber braced frame；14- cylinder；15- adjustable rail；16-
Cylinder supports frame；17- rocking bar；18- barostat；19-U type sealing necklace；20- piston rod；21- cushion block.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental rigs of shear strength parameter variation in measurement soft clay consolidation process, including frame
Frame 1, load plate 2, the six miniature cross plate shearing instruments with pore pressure test function 3, torsiometers, the examinations for placing sample
Specimen chamber 5, measuring unit and elevating mechanism；
Drainage arrangement is provided in the bottom of sample chamber 5, drainage arrangement includes drain bar 6 and drainpipe 7；Sample chamber 5 is
Cylindrical body, drain bar 6 are the diameter plectane equal with 5 interior diameter of sample chamber；
The bottom of sample chamber 5, one drainage cavity of bottom formation of drain bar 6 and sample chamber 5, draining is arranged in drain bar 6
One end of pipe 7 rotates communicated drainage chamber, the other end of drainpipe 7 be adjustable to it is high together with the roof of sample chamber 5,7, drainpipe
In the outside of sample chamber 5；Multiple equally distributed drainage holes are offered on drain bar 6, water can be flowed by drainage hole and be drained
In pipe 7, drain bar 6 is arranged with reinforcement support to prevent from being subject to crushing and detachable and interchangeable, easy to use.
The top of sample chamber 5 is arranged in load plate 2, and load plate 2 is arranged on frame 1 by elevating mechanism；
Measuring unit includes sensor data acquisition device, several are used to acquire the pore water of sample Pore Pressure
Pressure sensor 8, several be used to acquire the soil pressure sensor 9 and a displacement sensor 10 of soil pressure in sample, two
Pore water pressure sensor 8 and two soil pressure sensors 9 are symmetrically arranged on the lower surface of load plate 2, monitoring consolidation
Process Pore Pressure and soil pressure situation of change, the position of two kinds of sensors are fixed and detachably；
6 upper surface of drain bar is along the circumferential direction symmetrically provided with three soil pressure sensors 9 by axle center outward, for real
When monitoring consolidation loading procedure in soil pressure variation, and can according to calculate sample upper and lower surface soil pressure difference obtain sample
The size of side friction power in room 5；Displacement sensor 10 is arranged in by the side wall of sample chamber 5, and 10 one end of displacement sensor is fixed
In on external metallization frame 1, the other end is then in on-test along the axis direction setting for being parallel to sample chamber 5；
The output end of pore water pressure sensor 8, soil pressure sensor 9 and displacement sensor 10 is adopted with sensing data
The input terminal of acquisition means is electrically connected；That is the number that measures of pore water pressure sensor 8, soil pressure sensor 9 and displacement sensor 10
It is recorded according to sensor data acquisition device is transmitted to by conducting wire, facilitates subsequent analysis.
It is strong in consolidation process Pore Pressure, soil pressure, settling amount and shearing resistance that sample can be monitored in real time in measuring unit
The variation of degree, and then quantitative analysis consolidation effect are that soil body sedimentation development, hole in soft clay consolidation process are saturated in Practical Project
The analysis of the changing rule of the dissipation of gap water pressure, shearing strength etc. provides foundation.
Six miniature cross plate shearing instruments 3 with pore pressure test function are symmetrically disposed in load plate 2, and band pore pressure is tested
The miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 of function is rotatablely connected load plate 2；Miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 includes being arranged at its own bottom
The pore water pressure sensor 8 at end, pore water pressure sensor 8 are fixed on by transparent rubber plug with the micro- of pore pressure test function
On type cross plate shearing instrument 3.
The upper end of the miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 with pore pressure test function is arranged in torsiometer, with pore pressure test function
The lower end of miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 is provided with pore water pressure sensor 8, and pore water pressure sensor 8 passes through transparent rubber
Rubber plug is fixed in the bottom end of the shaft of miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3, and by 550 mm long with pore pressure test function miniature ten
Letter stencil boxshear apparatus 3 is fixed at 2 bottom of Metal loading plate, 150 position mm by axial load principle.
Miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 with pore pressure test function cooperates torsiometer, consolidates for testing saturation soft clay
Shearing strength in journey and the pore pressure of the sample disturbance caused by shearing.Miniature cross plate shearing instrument with pore pressure test function
3 tops are made into hexagon bolt shape, and the top of torsiometer can just cover and be reversed on it, and only need a torsiometer
, in each shearing of miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 needed to carry out with pore pressure test function, cover in band pore pressure test function
3 upper end of miniature cross plate shearing instrument i.e. can be used, being finished can unload.Load plate 2 is cylindrical body, the diameter etc. of load plate 2
In the interior diameter of sample chamber 5.
Elevating mechanism includes air compressor, cylinder 14 and barostat 18；The output end of air compressor connects gas
The input terminal of adjuster 18 is pressed, the output end of barostat 18 connects cylinder 14.
Cylinder 14 is vertically fixed on frame 1, and cylinder 14 is located at 2 top of load plate, and the piston rod 20 of cylinder 14 is solid
Surely load plate 2 is connected；Sample chamber 5 is fixed on frame 1, and sample chamber 5 is cylindrical body, and the size of sample chamber 5 is diameter 474
Mm, high 550 mm；Sample chamber 5 is whole by the thick transparent tempering poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of 10 mm and floor is cementing forms.Elevating mechanism and
The cavity that can carry out simulation loading is formed between external stainless steel metal frame 1.Cylinder 14 is fixed on 1 top centre of frame,
Load plate 2 is declined by cylinder 14 when load, when load plate 2 moves to lower surface of the sample upper surface just with load plate 2
When contact, the value of barostat 18 is returned to zero, cylinder 14 stops at this time, then carries out the application of subsequent stages load.
The invention also includes adjustable rail 15, cylinder supports frame 16, sliding platform and rocking bars 17；Cylinder supports frame
16 are arranged in the top of frame 1, and adjustable rail 15 is arranged on cylinder supports frame 16, and adjustable rail 15 is located at cylinder 14
Top, sliding platform is rotatablely connected adjustable rail 15 by rocking bar 17, and the top of cylinder 14 is arranged on sliding platform.
The invention also includes U-shaped sealing necklaces 19；Load plate 2 itself is waterproof, and U-shaped sealing necklace 19 is wrapped in load plate
On 2 side wall, so that load plate 2 can be considered impervious boundary when testing.On U-shaped sealing necklace 19 and 5 upper end of sample chamber
Inner wall on uniformly smear one layer of vaseline for reducing resistance.
The material of frame 1 is stainless steel metal, and the material of load plate 2 is metal.
Specific work process of the invention：
Step 1：Rocking bar 17 is shaken to drive cylinder 14 to be moved at the center at 1 top of frame by sliding platform；It will
One end of displacement sensor 10 is fixed on frame 1, and the other end keeps parallel with the axis of sample chamber 5 when testing and starting；
Step 2：Graph paper is sticked on the side wall of sample chamber 5 for measuring the height for having filled soil sample；Sample chamber 5 is consolidated
Due on frame 1, i.e. the underface of load plate 2；Drainpipe 7 is closed, one layer of filter paper is then laid at drain bar 6；
Step 3：It is filled the water into sample chamber 5 until water surface elevation is higher by the about 30mm of drain bar 6, by certain moisture content of preparation
Saturation soil sample, that is, sample filling sample chamber 5 in, every time insert about 30 mm high sample, sample be submerged in the water surface always hereinafter,
It fills sample and guarantees bubble-free in uniform and soil, stand about 10 min after filling sample every time；
Step 4：Step 3 is repeated, until the height of sample reaches positioned above drain bar 6 at about 42 cm；
Step 5：Rotation drainpipe 7 makes the outlet of drainpipe 7 and the either flush of sample, opens 7 drain sample of drainpipe
Exceed the water of sample top surface in room 5；Sample is submerged in water always in consolidation process, to guarantee sample in consolidation process
Always it is saturated, drain bar 6 and drainpipe 7 are equivalent to free drainage boundary；Sample is set to be self-possessed and tentatively consolidate under seepage effect
24 hours, the elemental height of sample was about 40 cm when preliminary consolidation is completed；
Step 6：Load plate 2 is declined under the drive of cylinder 14, until the lower surface of load plate 2 touches sample, is added
Sealing forms impervious boundary between 5 inner wall of support plate 2 and sample chamber；To be self-possessed due to sample with sample chamber 5 and load plate 2 with
The pressure value that the side friction power of sample chamber 5 generates jointly is returned to zero by barostat 18；
Step 7；According to loading schedule implement load, by measuring unit real-time monitoring sample in consolidation process pore pressure,
The variation of soil pressure and settling amount measures sample on the top by the way that torsiometer to be placed on to miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 one by one
In shearing force, record the data such as soil body pore pressure, soil pressure, sedimentation and shearing strength in sample consolidation process, and then quantitative analysis
Consolidation effect carries out the miniature vane shear test with pore pressure test function with torsiometer when reaching some degree of consolidation to obtain
The changing rule of soil shear strength in consolidation process, simulation are saturated soil body sedimentation development, pore water in soft clay consolidation process
The changing rule of pressure dissipation, shearing strength etc..
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 1, the experimental rig that shear strength parameter changes in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process, including frame
1,2, six miniature cross plate shearing instruments 3 with pore pressure test function of load plate, torsiometer, the sample chamber 5 for placing sample,
Measuring unit and elevating mechanism；
The bottom of sample chamber 5 is provided with drainage arrangement, and drainage arrangement includes drain bar 6 and drainpipe 7；Drain bar 6 is arranged
In the bottom of sample chamber 5, a drainage cavity, one end rotation connection row of drainpipe 7 are formed on the bottom of drain bar 6 and sample chamber 5
Water cavity, the other end of drainpipe 7 are adjustable to high together with the roof of sample chamber 5, and drainpipe 7 is located at the outside of sample chamber 5；Sample
Room 5 is cylindrical body, and drain bar 6 is the diameter plectane equal with 5 interior diameter of sample chamber；
Multiple equally distributed drainage holes are offered on drain bar 6, water can flow into drainpipe 7 by drainage hole, row
Water plate 6 is arranged with reinforcement support to prevent from being subject to crushing and detachable and interchangeable, easy to use.
The surface of sample chamber 5 is arranged in load plate 2, and sample chamber 5 is arranged on frame 1 by elevating mechanism；
Elevating mechanism includes hoistable platform 12, air compressor, cylinder 14 and barostat 18；Air compressor it is defeated
Outlet connects the input terminal of barostat 18, and the output end of barostat 18 connects cylinder 14.Cylinder 14 is fixed on frame 1
Bottom centre is jacked sample chamber 5 by hoistable platform 12 when load, when sample chamber 5 is jacked to sample upper surface just
When with the following table face contact of load plate 2, the value of barostat 18 is returned to zero, cylinder 14 stops at this time, then carries out subsequent each
The application of grade load.
As shown in Fig. 2, measuring unit includes sensor data acquisition device, pore water pressure sensor 8, soil pressure sensing
Device 9 and displacement sensor 10, are symmetrically arranged that there are two pore water pressure sensor 8 and two on the lower surface of load plate 2
Soil pressure sensor 9, monitors consolidation process Pore Pressure and soil pressure situation of change, the position of two kinds of sensors fix and
Detachably；
6 upper surface of drain bar is along the circumferential direction symmetrically provided with three soil pressure sensors 9 by axle center outward, for real
When monitoring consolidation loading procedure in soil pressure variation, and can according to calculate sample upper and lower surface soil pressure difference obtain sample
The size of side friction power in room 5；Displacement sensor 10 is arranged in by the side wall of sample chamber 5, and 10 one end of displacement sensor is fixed
In on external metallization frame 1, the other end is then in on-test along the axis direction setting i.e. hoistable platform for being parallel to sample chamber 5
On 12；The output end of pore water pressure sensor 8, soil pressure sensor 9 and displacement sensor 10 is and sensor data acquisition
The input terminal of device is electrically connected；That is the data that measure of pore water pressure sensor 8, soil pressure sensor 9 and displacement sensor 10
Sensor data acquisition device is transmitted to by conducting wire to be recorded, and subsequent analysis is facilitated.
It is strong in consolidation process Pore Pressure, soil pressure, settling amount and shearing resistance that sample can be monitored in real time in measuring unit
The variation of degree, and then quantitative analysis consolidation effect are that soil body sedimentation development, hole in soft clay consolidation process are saturated in Practical Project
The analysis on change of the dissipation of gap water pressure, shearing strength etc. provides foundation.
As shown in figure 4, six miniature cross plate shearing instruments 3 with pore pressure test function are symmetrically disposed in load plate 2,
Miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 with pore pressure test function is rotatablely connected load plate 2；Miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 includes setting
Pore water pressure sensor 8 in its own bottom end, pore water pressure sensor 8 are fixed on band pore pressure by transparent rubber plug and survey
In the bottom for trying the miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 of function.
The upper end of the miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 with pore pressure test function is arranged in torsiometer, and 550 mm long are with holes
The miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 of pressure test function is fixed on by axial load principle apart from 2 bottom of Metal loading plate, 150 position mm
Place.
Miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 with pore pressure test function cooperates torsiometer, consolidates for testing saturation soft clay
Shearing strength in journey and the pore pressure of the sample disturbance caused by shearing.Miniature 3 top of cross plate shearing instrument is made into hexagon
Bolt shape, and the top of torsiometer can just cover and be reversed on it, and only need a torsiometer, need every time
When carrying out the shearing of miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3, covering be can be used in miniature 3 upper end of cross plate shearing instrument, and being finished can unload.
As shown in figure 3, the invention also includes fixed device 4, hoistable platform 12 and four shafts 11；Four shafts 11 are symmetrical
It is arranged on frame 1, hoistable platform 12 is slidably connected shaft 11, and sample chamber 5 is arranged on hoistable platform 12, and sample chamber 5 is circle
Cylinder, the size of sample chamber 5 are 474 mm of diameter, high 550 mm；Sample chamber 5 is whole by the thick transparent organic glass of tempering of 10 mm
Glass plate and floor is cementing forms.
The lower section of hoistable platform 12 is provided with cushion block 21, and cushion block 21 is fixed at the underface of hoistable platform 12, passes through
The jacking effect of cylinder 14 is so that piston rod 20 is connected together with cushion block 21.Hoistable platform 12 and external stainless steel metal frame 1
Between formed and can carry out the cavity of simulation loading；Cylinder 14 is vertically provided on frame 1, and cylinder 14 is located at 21 lower section of cushion block；Add
Support plate 2 passes through fixed device 4 and is fixedly connected with frame 1.
As shown in figure 5, the invention also includes adjustable rail 15, cylinder supports frame 16, sliding platform and rocking bars 17；Gas
Cylinder braced frame 16 is arranged on frame 1, and adjustable rail 15 is arranged on cylinder supports frame 16, and adjustable rail 15 is located at
The lower section of hoistable platform 12, sliding platform are rotatablely connected adjustable rail 15 by rocking bar 17, and cylinder 14 is arranged in sliding platform
On.
The invention also includes U-shaped sealing necklaces 19；Load plate 2 itself is waterproof, and U-shaped sealing necklace 19 is wrapped in load plate
On 2 side wall, so that load plate 2 can be considered impervious boundary when testing.
The material of frame 1 is stainless steel metal, and the material of load plate 2 is metal.
Specific work process of the invention：
Step 1：Rocking bar 17 is shaken to drive cylinder 14 to be moved at the center of 1 bottom of frame by sliding platform；It will
One end of displacement sensor 10 is fixed on frame 1, and the other end keeps parallel with the axis of sample chamber 5 when testing and starting；
Step 2：Graph paper is sticked on the side wall of sample chamber 5 for measuring the height for having filled soil sample；Sample chamber 5 is put
It sets on hoistable platform 12, i.e. the underface of load plate 2；Drainpipe 7 is closed, one layer of filter paper is then laid at drain bar 6；
Step 3：It is disposably filled the water into sample chamber 5 until water surface elevation is higher by the about 30mm of drain bar 6, by certain of preparation
In the saturation soil sample of moisture content, that is, sample filling sample chamber 5, the sample of about 30 mm high is inserted every time, sample floods always at this time
In the water surface hereinafter, dress sample guarantees bubble-free in uniform and soil, about 10 min are stood after filling sample every time；
Step 4：Step 3 is repeated, until the height of sample reaches positioned above drain bar 6 at about 42 cm；
Step 5：Rotation drainpipe 7 makes the outlet of drainpipe 7 and the either flush of sample, opens 7 drain sample of drainpipe
The water for exceeding sample top surface in room 5 keeps sample submerged in water always to guarantee that sample was consolidating in consolidation process
It is saturated always in journey, drain bar 6 and drainpipe 7 are equivalent to free drainage boundary；Keep sample preliminary under self weight and seepage effect
Consolidation 24 hours, the elemental height of sample is about 40 cm when preliminary consolidation is completed；
Step 6：Sample chamber 5 is jacked under the drive of cylinder 14, until sample contacts to the lower surface of load plate 2, add
Sealing forms impervious boundary between 5 inner wall of support plate 2 and sample chamber；To be self-possessed due to sample with sample chamber 5 and load plate 2 with
The pressure value that the side friction power of sample chamber 5 generates jointly is returned to zero by barostat 18；
Step 7；According to loading schedule implement load, by measuring unit real-time monitoring sample in consolidation process pore pressure,
The variation of soil pressure and settling amount measures sample on the top by the way that torsiometer to be placed on to miniature cross plate shearing instrument 3 one by one
In shearing force, record the data such as soil body pore pressure, soil pressure, sedimentation and shearing strength in sample consolidation process, and then quantitative analysis
Consolidation effect carries out the miniature vane shear test with pore pressure test function with torsiometer when reaching some degree of consolidation to obtain
The changing rule of soil shear strength in consolidation process, simulation are saturated soil body sedimentation development, pore water in soft clay consolidation process
The changing rule of pressure dissipation, shearing strength etc..
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process, which is characterized in that including frame
(1), load plate (2), several miniature cross plate shearing instruments (3) with pore pressure test function, torsiometer, for placing sample
Sample chamber (5), measuring unit and elevating mechanism；
Drainage arrangement is provided in the sample chamber (5)；
The load plate (2), which is arranged, passes through institute in the top of the sample chamber (5), the load plate (2) or the sample chamber (5)
Elevating mechanism is stated to be arranged on the frame (1)；
The measuring unit includes sensor data acquisition device, several are used to measure the pore water of sample Pore Pressure
Pressure sensor (8), several be used for measure soil pressure in sample soil pressure sensor (9) and several for measurement be located at
The displacement sensor (10) of specimen height change in the sample chamber (5)；
Several pore water pressure sensors (8) and several institutes are respectively arranged on the lower surface of the load plate (2)
It states soil pressure sensor (9), is provided with several soil pressure sensors (9) in the sample chamber (5)；The displacement sensing
Device (10) is arranged by the side wall of the sample chamber (5)；The pore water pressure sensor (8), the soil pressure sensor (9)
It is electrically connected with the input terminal of the sensor data acquisition device with the output end of institute's displacement sensors (10)；
Several miniature cross plate shearing instruments (3) are symmetrically disposed on the load plate (2), the miniature cross plate shearing instrument
(3) load plate (2) are rotatablely connected；The torsiometer is removably connected together miniature cross plate shearing instrument (3).
2. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the drainage arrangement includes drain bar (6) and drainpipe (7)；The drain bar (6) is arranged in the sample chamber
(5) one drainage cavity of bottom formation of bottom, the drain bar (6) and the sample chamber (5), the one of the drainpipe (7)
End is connected to the drainage cavity, and the drainpipe (7) is located at the outside of the sample chamber (5).
3. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the elevating mechanism includes air compressor, cylinder (14) and barostat (18)；The air compressor
Output end connect the input terminal of the barostat (18), the output end of the barostat (18) connects the cylinder
(14) input terminal.
4. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, further including fixed device (4), hoistable platform (12) and several shafts (11)；Several described shafts (11)
It is symmetricly set on the frame (1), the hoistable platform (12) is slidably connected the shaft (11), and the sample chamber (5) sets
It sets on the hoistable platform (12), is provided with cushion block (21) below the hoistable platform (12), the cushion block (21) is fixed
It is arranged on the lower surface of the hoistable platform (12), the cylinder (14) is located at below the cushion block (21), the cylinder
(14) it is vertically provided at the lower end of the frame (1)；The load plate (2) is fixedly connected described by the fixed device (4)
Frame (1)；When the cylinder (14) jacking when, the piston rod (20) of the cylinder (14) be connected together the cushion block (21) to
The hoistable platform (12) is driven to move upwards.
5. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, the cylinder (14) is vertically fixed on the frame (1), the cylinder (14) is located at the load plate
(2) top, the piston rod (20) of the cylinder (14) are fixedly connected with the load plate (2)；The sample chamber (5) is fixed at
On the frame (1).
6. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that, further including adjustable rail (15), cylinder supports frame (16), sliding platform and rocking bar (17)；The cylinder
Braced frame (16) is arranged on the frame (1), and the adjustable rail (15) is arranged in the cylinder supports frame (16)
On, the adjustable rail (15) is located at the lower section of the hoistable platform (12), and the sliding platform passes through the rocking bar (17)
It is rotatablely connected the adjustable rail (15), the cylinder (14) is arranged on the sliding platform.
7. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, further including U-shaped sealing necklace (19)；The U-shaped sealing necklace (19) is wrapped in the side wall of the load plate (2)
On.
8. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the miniature cross plate shearing instrument (3) further includes the pore water pressure sensor (8)；The pore water pressure
Force snesor (8) is fixed at the bottom end of the miniature cross plate shearing instrument (3) by transparent rubber plug.
9. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, offering several equally distributed drainage holes on the drain bar (6), drain bar (6) is arranged with reinforcement
Support.
10. the experimental rig of shear strength parameter variation in a kind of measurement soft clay consolidation process according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the material of the frame (1) is stainless steel metal.
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