CN106169597B

CN106169597B - Seabed low-power supply system with unit body structure

Info

Publication number: CN106169597B
Application number: CN201610475124.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李浩然; 杨朝睿; 杜竹玮; 陈浩; 王琪; 康金星
Original assignee: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Priority date: 2016-06-24
Filing date: 2016-06-24
Publication date: 2019-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2036-06-24
Also published as: CN106169597A

Abstract

The invention discloses a unit structure type seabed low-power supply system, which comprises a plurality of microbial fuel cells, wherein cathodes and anodes of the microbial fuel cells adopt an integral polar plate structure, and resistors and electric wires are solidified in the polar plate; the power supply system comprises a battery pack formed by connecting the microbial fuel cells in series, in parallel or in series-parallel; the lower part of the unit microbial fuel cell is an anode, the upper part of the unit microbial fuel cell is a cathode, the anode is arranged in anaerobic sediments, and the cathode is arranged in a liquid environment containing dissolved oxygen. The invention has the advantages of good concealment, stable output, fast power supply response, long running time, high reliability and strong maneuverability, meets the special requirements of modern war on energy equipment, and has wide application prospect in the fields of military affairs and marine geological environment.

Description

Seabed low-power supply system with unit body structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of submarine power supply energy, and particularly relates to a submarine low-power supply system with a unit body structure.

Background

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are devices that directly convert chemical energy contained in organic matter into electrical energy using microorganisms as catalysts. Seabed sediments store a great deal of energy in the form of organic carbon, typically 2%, which, if completely oxidized, can yield 6.1X 10/litre of sediment⁴The energy of J (17Wh/L) provides a material basis for the development of MFC. Seabed microbial fuel cellThe sediment is used as a remote power source to supply power in situ on the seabed, and the sediment serves as monitoring and detecting equipment for seabed operation. The anode is arranged in the anaerobic sediment, the cathode is arranged in an environment with overlying water containing dissolved oxygen, the seawater with high salinity provides good conductivity, and organic matters are continuously enriched in the sediment to continuously provide energy for the seabed microbial fuel cell. The electricity generating biological membrane has the capability of self-copying and updating, and the battery has the outstanding advantage of long-term stable operation. With the further development of oceans, the importance of marine environmental monitoring and investigation is increasingly emphasized, which provides a challenge for the electric energy supply of remote sea monitoring and detecting devices, and the solution of obtaining electric energy from sediments enriched with organic matters as an alternative energy source of seabed monitoring and detecting devices is provided.

The sediment microbial fuel cell uses organic matters and microbial floras in bottom sludge as an anode material source, and uses dissolved oxygen or high-valence metal mineral ions in water as a cathode electron acceptor, thereby generating current. The problem that the chemical battery needs to be replaced regularly is solved, the requirement on the performance of the structural material of the battery is low, and the operation and replacement cost required by seabed and river channel detection is reduced.

MFC has good application prospect as a new energy technology in the aspect of being used as the alternative energy of power supply equipment in remote sea areas. However, the challenge of low power density still exists, and the optimization in terms of electrode materials, electrode modification, battery configuration, rational utilization of natural conditions and the like is required continuously.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to construct a unit body structure seabed low-power supply system which has the characteristics of simple and centralized unit body MFC structure, strong concealment and quick power supply response, and can ensure the constancy of supplied electric energy by utilizing an electric energy management system.

The invention provides a unit structure type seabed low-power supply system, which comprises a plurality of microbial fuel cells and is characterized in that:

the cathode and the anode of the microbial fuel cell adopt an integral polar plate structure, and the resistor and the electric wire are solidified in the polar plate;

The power supply system comprises a battery pack formed by connecting the microbial fuel cells in series, in parallel or in series-parallel;

The lower part of the unit microbial fuel cell is an anode, the upper part of the unit microbial fuel cell is a cathode, the anode is arranged in anaerobic sediments, and the cathode is arranged in a liquid environment containing dissolved oxygen.

preferably, the microbial fuel cell comprises a cathode, an anode, a resistor and wires solidified in the polar plate.

preferably, the microbial fuel cell or the microbial fuel cell composed of the microbial fuel cells in series-parallel connection is inserted into sediment on the sea bottom, the cathode is exposed to seawater, and the microbes in the microbial film of the anode decompose the sediment and supply power.

Preferably, the cathode and the anode are modified with or without electrodes.

Preferably, the cathode and/or the anode are columnar, drum-shaped or cuboid-shaped.

Preferably, all or part of the surface of the cathode and/or anode is provided with or without continuous protrusions in the form of serrations or threads.

Preferably, the cathode and the anode have or do not have a biological membrane, and the biological membrane is formed by the adsorption of deep-sea hydrothermal sulfide sedimentary bacteria liquid microorganisms or by the adsorption of the submerged bacterial liquid in a target area.

Preferably, the device further comprises an electric energy management system, wherein the electric energy management system buffers the electric energy fluctuation of the MFC, avoids the influence of a complex environment at the sea bottom and realizes the continuous and constant output of the electric energy.

preferably, the microbial fuel cell or the microbial fuel cell is connected in series and in parallel to form a battery pack and is arranged in a box type distributor with a shape similar to that of the microbial fuel cell, and the box type distributor comprises a seat ear, a sleeve and a conical base plate; the lower part of the sleeve is connected with the conical chassis by adopting an electromagnetic device, and the upper part of the sleeve is connected with an oil cylinder piston rod by a seat lug through a pin shaft;

When the power supply system is arranged, the box type distributor is hung on the seabed, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder presses the sleeve and the microbial fuel cell therein into the sediment; after the sleeve is pressed into the preset depth, the sleeve is separated from the conical bottom plate, the box type distributor is lifted, the anode of the cathode-anode integrated unit type microbial fuel cell is inserted into the sediment along with the conical bottom plate, the cathode is in seawater, and the microbes in the anode microbial film decompose the sediment.

The cathode and anode integrated type unit MFC has the advantages of low internal resistance, compact structure and strong impact resistance; the seabed MFC power supply system with the unit body structure formed by series-parallel connection has the advantages of strong concealment, good mobility, wide application range and the like; the output of the electric energy management system is constant, the output fluctuation of the MFC is buffered, the influence of a seabed complex environment can be avoided, and for the seabed MFC power supply system with the unit body structure, a person skilled in the art can freely perform series-parallel combination according to specific conditions, so that the flexibility is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of cathode and anode integrated deep-sea MFC unit body

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the protection sleeve and unit body structure of the submarine MFC pressed into the sediment

FIG. 3 is a frame for arranging a unit body seabed MFC low-power supply system

FIG. 4a1-2,4b1-2,4c1-2,4d1-2, which are schematic diagrams of series and parallel connection of battery packs

the attached drawings are as follows:

1. a cathodic biofilm; 2. graphene-Fe³⁺Performing cathode composite modification; 3. a graphite cathode; 4. a wire; 5. a resistance; 6. an anodic biofilm; 7. carrying out graphene-polyaniline anode composite modification; 8. graphite cathode

FIG. 4a1 is the basic battery pack of example 1, and FIG. 4a2 is the series-parallel connection of example 1;

Fig. 4b1 is the basic battery pack of example 2, and fig. 4b2 is the series-parallel connection mode of example 2;

Fig. 4c1 shows a basic battery pack of example 3, and fig. 4c2 shows a series-parallel connection mode of example 3;

FIG. 4d1 shows the basic battery pack of example 4, and FIG. 4d2 shows the series-parallel connection of example 2; wherein each basic battery pack is represented by a battery symbol.

Detailed Description

the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in figure 1, cathode graphene-Fe is carried out on a cathode/anode integrated unit MFC with an external diameter of 30mm, an internal diameter of 10mm, a height of 100mm, an internal fixed resistor of 500 omega and a cylinder connected with a lead of a cathode plate and an anode plate³⁺And (4) performing composite modification, namely performing anode graphene-polyaniline composite modification. One skilled in the art can select other modifications or not modify them as desired.

Taking seabed sediments in a certain sea area of south China sea with the water depth of 900 m, adsorbing the sediments on the surfaces of the cathode and the anode of the MFC with the unit structure to generate a biological film, wherein the output voltage is 0.58-0.61V and is constant. The biofilm may also be formed after deployment without presetting.

The unit MFCs are combined in series and parallel (see fig. 4a1-2) and the battery output is connected to the power management system. The unit MFC is put into the protective sleeve of the distributor.

when the device reaches a certain sea area in the south sea, the distributor is lowered to the seabed sediment, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder presses the protective sleeve and the unit MFC in the protective sleeve into the sediment; pressing into a preset depth of 60mm, removing the magnetic force after power failure, separating the sleeve from the conical chassis, hoisting the box type distributor, inserting the anode of the cathode and anode integrated unit MFC into the sediment by 60mm, inserting the cathode into seawater, decomposing the sediment by the microorganisms in the anode microbial film, outputting a constant voltage of 3.6V, and supplying power for the RBRduet T.D miniature depth thermometer.

Example 2

The cathode and anode integrated unit structure MFC is provided with an external diameter of 30mm, an internal diameter of 10mm and a height of 100mm, a resistor of 500 omega is fixedly arranged in the MFC, a cylinder connected with a lead of a cathode plate and an anode plate is connected with the MFC, and the surface of the MFC is continuously protruded in a threaded manner, so that cathode graphene-Fe is carried out³⁺And (4) performing composite modification, namely performing anode graphene-polyaniline composite modification.

Taking seabed sediments with the water depth of 2850 meters near a Chinese cobalt-rich crust exploration area in the western Pacific ocean international seabed area, adsorbing the sediments on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode of the MFC with the unit structure to generate a biological film, and outputting the voltage of 0.61-0.64V at a constant value.

The unit MFCs are combined in series and parallel (see fig. 4b1-2) and the battery output is connected to the power management system. The unit MFC is put into the protective sleeve of the distributor.

When the device reaches a certain sea area near a Chinese cobalt-rich crusting exploration area in the western Pacific ocean international seabed area, the applicator is lowered to the seabed sediment, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder presses the protective sleeve and the unit MFC in the protective sleeve into the sediment; pressing into a preset depth of 50mm, removing the power-off magnetic force, separating the sleeve from the conical chassis, hoisting the box type distributor, inserting the anode of the cathode and anode integrated unit MFC into the sediment by 50mm, inserting the cathode into seawater, decomposing the sediment by the microorganisms in the anode microbial film, outputting a constant voltage of 15V, and supplying power for the ocean bodyguard RCM ocean current, conductivity and pressure detector.

Example 3

Cathode graphene-Fe is carried out on a cathode/anode integrated unit structure MFC with a bottom surface of 30mm multiplied by 30mm, an inner diameter of 10mm multiplied by 10mm and a height of 150mm as shown in figure 1, and a cuboid connected with a lead of a cathode plate and a lead of an anode plate is internally and fixedly provided with a resistor of 500 omega³⁺And (4) performing composite modification, namely performing anode graphene-polyaniline composite modification.

Submarine sediments with the water depth of 1870 m near the exploration area of polymetallic sulfide ores in China in the southwest Indian ocean are adsorbed on the surfaces of the cathode and the anode of the MFC with the unit structure to generate a biological film, and the output voltage is 0.62-0.65V and constant.

The unit MFCs are combined in series and parallel (see fig. 4c1-2), and the output of the battery is connected to the power management system. The unit MFC is put into the protective sleeve of the distributor.

When the device reaches a certain sea area near the exploration area of polymetallic sulfide ores in the south-west, Indian and China, the distributor is lowered to submarine sediments, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder presses the protective sleeve and the unit body MFC in the protective sleeve into the sediments; pressing into a preset depth of 70mm, removing the magnetic force after power failure, separating the sleeve from the conical chassis, hoisting the box type distributor, inserting the anode of the cathode and anode integrated unit MFC into the sediment by 70mm, inserting the cathode into seawater, decomposing the sediment by the microorganisms in the anode microbial film, outputting a constant voltage of 15V, and supplying power for the ocean bodyguard RCM ocean current, temperature and pressure detector.

Example 4

The cathode and anode integrated unit structure MFC is provided with a cathode graphene-Fe cathode electrode, as shown in figure 1, with an outer diameter of 50mm, an inner diameter of 20mm, a middle outer diameter of 60mm, a height of 200mm, a built-in resistor of 500 omega and a drum-shaped electrode connected with a lead of a cathode plate and an anode plate³⁺And (4) performing composite modification, namely performing anode graphene-polyaniline composite modification.

And (3) taking a China ocean polymetallic nodule open-up area in the Pacific International seabed area, adsorbing submarine sediments with the water depth of 5850 m on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode of the MFC with the unit structure to generate a biological film, and outputting the voltage of 0.67-0.69V at constant voltage.

the unit MFCs are combined in series and parallel (see fig. 4d1-2), and the output end of the battery pack is connected with the power management system. The unit MFC is put into the protective sleeve of the distributor.

when the device reaches a certain sea area near the China ocean polymetallic nodule development area in the Pacific ocean International seabed area, the applicator is lowered to the seabed sediment, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder presses the protective sleeve and the unit MFC in the protective sleeve into the sediment; pressing into the preset depth of 90mm, removing the magnetic force during power failure, separating the sleeve from the conical chassis, hoisting the box type distributor, inserting the anode of the cathode and anode integrated unit MFC into the sediment by 90mm, enabling the cathode to be in seawater, decomposing the sediment by microorganisms in the anode microbial film, outputting constant voltage of 15V, and supplying power for the Aanderra ocean bodyguard current meter.

the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. a unit structure type seabed low-power supply system comprises a plurality of microbial fuel cells and is characterized in that:

The lower part of the microbial fuel cell is an anode, the upper part of the microbial fuel cell is a cathode, the anode is arranged in anaerobic sediments, and the cathode is arranged in a liquid environment containing dissolved oxygen;

The anode of the battery pack is inserted into sediment on the seabed, the cathode is exposed to seawater, and microorganisms in the anode microbial film decompose the sediment and supply power;

The microbial film is formed by adsorbing deep-sea hydrothermal sulfide sedimentary bacterial liquid microorganisms or by adsorbing sedimentary bacterial liquid distributed on a target area on the seabed.

2. the power supply system of claim 1, wherein said cathode and anode are modified with electrodes.

3. The power supply system of claim 1, wherein said cathode and anode are not modified with electrodes.

4. the power supply system of claim 1, wherein the cathode and/or anode is cylindrical, drum-shaped, or cuboid-shaped.

5. A power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that all or part of the surface of the cathode and/or anode is provided with continuous protrusions in the shape of serrations or threads.

6. A power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that the whole or part of the surface of the cathode and/or anode is not provided with serrations or screw-like continuous protrusions.

7. The power supply system of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a biofilm formed by the adsorption of deep sea hydrothermal sulfide sediment bacterial liquid microorganisms or by the adsorption of sediment bacterial liquid in a seabed-laid target area.

8. The power supply system of claim 1, wherein the cathode is free of biofilm.

9. The power supply system of claim 1, further comprising a power management system, wherein the power management system buffers MFC power fluctuation, avoids the influence of complex environment at the sea bottom, and realizes continuous and constant output of power.

10. The unitary undersea low power electrical power supply system of claim 1,

The microbial fuel cell or the microbial fuel cell is connected in series and in parallel to form a battery pack and is arranged in a box type distributor with a shape similar to that of the microbial fuel cell, and the box type distributor comprises a seat ear, a sleeve and a conical base plate; the lower part of the sleeve is connected with the conical chassis by adopting an electromagnetic device, and the upper part of the sleeve is connected with an oil cylinder piston rod by a seat lug through a pin shaft;