CN106129638B - Antenna and base station - Google Patents
Antenna and base station Download PDFInfo
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- CN106129638B CN106129638B CN201610580336.9A CN201610580336A CN106129638B CN 106129638 B CN106129638 B CN 106129638B CN 201610580336 A CN201610580336 A CN 201610580336A CN 106129638 B CN106129638 B CN 106129638B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antenna and base station, the antenna includes at least one aerial array, each aerial array at least one aerial array includes multiple dual polarization vibrators, multiple dual polarization vibrator is using the symmetry axis in the first face of reflecting plate as axis, be arranged symmetrically and multiple dual polarization vibrator be arranged to concentric ring around N number of circular array, first face is the face that multiple dual polarization vibrator is disposed on the reflecting plate, the center of N number of circular array is the center in first face, it is first annular battle array positioned at innermost circular array, it is looped around on the outside of the first annular battle array and the circular array adjacent with the first annular battle array is the second circular array, and so on, N circular array is the circular array for being located at outermost in N number of circular array, the operating power of the first annular battle array is greater than the second circular array any two ring into N circular array The sum of the operating power of shape battle array.Above-mentioned technical proposal provides a kind of antenna that can be applied to need the base station using spot beam technology.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to fields of communication technology, and more particularly, to antenna and base station.
Background technique
Using spot beam (being referred to as shaped aerial) technology base station can for large stadium (such as stadium,
Airport etc.) radio communication service is provided.In order to reduce the interference between different community, in the base station for supporting spot beam technology
Antenna needs to meet specified conditions.Specifically, it is following to support that the normalized radiation pattern of the antenna of spot beam technology needs to meet
Condition: normalized radiation pattern is symmetrical；Main lobe is concentrated, and main lobe energy is higher；Side-lobe energy is lower and beam angle roll-offs comparatively fast.
In addition, the wave beam for supporting the antenna of spot beam to generate needs to meet directionality demand.
Therefore, how to design it is a kind of can be applied to need using the antenna of the base station of spot beam technology be one urgently
It solves the problems, such as.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antenna and base station, the antenna and can be applied to need using spot beam technology
Base station.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antenna, which includes at least one aerial array, this at least one
Each aerial array in a aerial array includes multiple dual polarization vibrators, and multiple dual polarization vibrator is with the first face of reflecting plate
Symmetry axis be axis, be arranged symmetrically and multiple dual polarization vibrator be arranged to concentric ring around N number of circular array, wherein this first
Face is the face that multiple dual polarization vibrator is disposed on the reflecting plate, and the center of N number of circular array is the center in first face, often
Four dual polarization vibrators are included at least in a circular array, being located at innermost circular array is first annular battle array, be looped around this
On the outside of one circular array and the circular array adjacent with the first annular battle array is the second circular array, and so on, N circular array is the N
It is located at the circular array of outermost in a circular array, the operating power of the first annular battle array is greater than second circular array to N annular
The sum of the operating power of any two circular array in battle array, N are the positive integer more than or equal to 3.Above-mentioned technical proposal provides one
Kind can be applied to need the antenna of the base station using spot beam technology.
With reference to first aspect, in the first possible implementation of the first aspect, bipolar in the n-th circular array
Change the dual polarization vibrator number that oscillator number is less than or equal in the N-1 circular array.Therefore, it is possible to use less oscillator is real
Now meets the antenna of the needs of spot beam technology.Since oscillator number is less, the number of the feeding network for connecting oscillator
Can also be less, the production complexity that this allows for antenna is also corresponding lower.
With reference to first aspect or any of the above-described kind of possible implementation of first aspect, second in first aspect can
In the implementation of energy, the amplitude and phase of dual polarization vibrator are identical in each circular array in N number of circular array.Above-mentioned technical side
Case is advantageously used for the design of the feeding network of connection oscillator.
With reference to first aspect or any of the above-described kind of possible implementation of first aspect, in the third of the first aspect
In the possible implementation of kind, the line in the polarized crosspoint of dual polarization vibrator of each circular array is formed in N number of circular array
Figure be round or regular polygon.In this way, can be in order to dual polarization vibrator be symmetrically distributed on first face.
With reference to first aspect or any of the above-described kind of possible implementation of first aspect, the 4th kind in first aspect can
In the implementation of energy, N 3, the first annular battle array includes at least four dual polarization vibrators, which includes at least
Eight dual polarization vibrators, the third circular array in N number of circular array include at least four dual polarization vibrators.In this way, can be with
Convenient for dual polarization vibrator is symmetrically distributed on first face.In addition, above-mentioned technical proposal use is by 20 molecular days of battle array
The antenna that linear array equally can satisfy in the base station for supporting spot beam technology needs to meet specified conditions.
With reference to first aspect or any of the above-described kind of possible implementation of first aspect, the 5th kind in first aspect can
In the implementation of energy, which is made of four dual polarization vibrators, and second circular array is by eight dual polarization vibrators
Composition, the third circular array are made of four dual polarization vibrators.In this way, can in order to by dual polarization vibrator be symmetrically distributed in this
On on one side.In addition, above-mentioned technical proposal use equally can satisfy support spot beam by 16 molecular aerial arrays of battle array
Antenna in the base station of technology needs to meet specified conditions.
With reference to first aspect or any of the above-described kind of possible implementation of first aspect, the 6th kind in first aspect can
In the implementation of energy, the polarized crosspoint of dual polarization vibrator of each circular array is evenly distributed on to be formed in N number of circular array
It is round or just polygonal on.The normalized radiation pattern of antenna can be made average in this way.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of base station, which includes the upper of first aspect or first aspect
State the antenna in any possible implementation.The base station further includes indoor baseband processing unit BBU and Remote Radio Unit
RRU.The RRU, for the signal received from the BBU to be sent to one or more equipment by the antenna.The RRU, is also used
In the signal received by the antenna is sent to the BBU.The day for meeting spot beam technical requirements can be used in the base station
Line provides spot beam business.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, will make below to required in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings described below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is an aerial array schematic diagram of the antenna provided according to embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an aerial array schematic diagram of the antenna provided according to embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an aerial array schematic diagram of the antenna provided according to embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the antenna normalized radiation pattern for meeting spot beam technical requirements.
Shown in fig. 5 is the Direction Pattern Simulation result that frequency is 1710MHz.
Shown in fig. 6 is the Direction Pattern Simulation result that frequency is 1940MHz.
Shown in Fig. 7 is the Direction Pattern Simulation result that frequency is 2170MHz.
Shown in Fig. 8 is the Direction Pattern Simulation result that frequency is 2300MHz.
Shown in Fig. 9 is the Direction Pattern Simulation result that frequency is 2500MHz.
Figure 10 is the feeding network of the port of one polarization direction of oscillator into aerial array shown in Fig. 3 of connection figure 1
Schematic diagram.
Figure 11 is to provide a kind of structural block diagram of base station according to embodiments of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that the embodiment described is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the present invention
In embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other implementation obtained without making creative work
Example, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antenna.The antenna includes at least one aerial array.At least one antenna array
Each aerial array in column includes multiple dual polarization vibrators, and multiple dual polarization vibrator is with the symmetry axis in the first face of reflecting plate
For axis, be arranged symmetrically and multiple dual polarization vibrator be arranged to concentric ring around N number of circular array, wherein first face is that this is anti-
It penetrates on plate and is disposed with the face of multiple dual polarization vibrator, the center of N number of circular array is the center in first face, each circular array
In include at least four dual polarization vibrators, be located at innermost circular array be first annular battle array, be looped around the first annular battle array
Outside and the circular array adjacent with the first annular battle array are the second circular array, and so on, N circular array is N number of circular array
In be located at the circular array of outermost, the operating power of the first annular battle array is greater than second circular array and appoints into the N circular array
It anticipates the sum of the operating power of two circular arrays, N is the positive integer more than or equal to 3.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, oscillator is symmetrical in aerial array, therefore the normalized radiation pattern of the antenna is
Symmetrically.Since the operating power for being located at innermost first annular battle array is maximum, the oscillator of first annular battle array emits signal
When energy be also the largest.In this way, not only can satisfy the directivity requirement for wave beam, it is also possible that the antenna is returned
One change directional diagram meets main lobe concentration and the higher technical need of main lobe energy.Further, since the operating power of outer ring circular array
It is small, therefore the energy of the oscillator transmitting signal of outer ring circular array is also relatively small.In this way, suppressed sidelobes can be played the role of,
So that beam angle roll-offs faster.That is, can make the normalized radiation pattern of the antenna meet side-lobe energy it is lower and
The faster technical need of beam rolloff.In conclusion can be applied to need using fixed point the embodiment of the invention provides one kind
The antenna of the base station of beam technique.
Optionally, in some embodiments, the number of dual polarization vibrator can be less than or equal in the n-th circular array
The number of dual polarization vibrator in the N-1 circular array.The number of dual polarization vibrator is less than or equal in outmost turns circular array
In secondary outer ring circular array in the case where the number of dual polarization vibrator, which still can satisfy the demand of spot beam technology.
Therefore, it is possible to use less Harmonic Oscillators meet the antenna of the needs of spot beam technology.Since oscillator number is less, it is used for
The number for connecting the feeding network of oscillator can also be less, and the production complexity that this allows for antenna is also corresponding lower.
Optionally, in some embodiments, in N number of circular array in each circular array dual polarization vibrator amplitude and phase
Position can be identical.Dual polarization vibrator amplitude in same circular array is consistent, and phase is unanimously conducive to the design of feeding network.Example
Such as, it is assumed that N 3.In the case, the amplitude and phase of the dual polarization vibrator in the first annular battle array are as follows: 0dB, 0 degree.This
The amplitude and phase of dual polarization vibrator in second ring battle array are as follows: -10dB, 0 degree.The width of dual polarization vibrator in the third circular array
Degree and phase are as follows: -10.5dB, 0 degree.
For connecting the oscillator distribution of the aerial array of the feeding network of the antenna and the parameter and antenna of feeding network
Parameter with oscillator is corresponding.Therefore after the parameter of oscillator distribution and oscillator that aerial array has been determined, for connecting
The feeding network of the antenna and the parameter of feeding network are assured that.
Specifically, each dual polarization vibrator includes two ports, and each port corresponds to a polarization direction.Same annular
The port of the identical polarization direction of different oscillators is connected to same group of feeding network in battle array.One group of feeding network may include one
Or multiple feeding networks.Since the amplitude and phase of the oscillator of feeding networks multiple in one group of feeding network connection are all the same, because
The parameter of each feeding network is identical in this multiple feeding network.
In addition, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the angle between the first face of reflecting plate of dual polarization vibrator with
Polarization direction is related.If the polarization direction of dual polarization vibrator determines, between dual polarization vibrator and the first face of reflecting plate
Angle also just accordingly determined.
Optionally, in some embodiments, in N number of circular array each circular array the polarized intersection of dual polarization vibrator
The figure that the line of point is formed can be round or regular polygon.In this way, can be in order to dual polarization vibrator be symmetrically distributed in
On first face.
Optionally, in some embodiments, 3 N, the first annular battle array can include at least four dual polarization vibrations
Son, second circular array can include at least eight dual polarization vibrators, and the third circular array in N number of circular array can be wrapped at least
Include four dual polarization vibrators.In this way, can be in order to dual polarization vibrator be symmetrically distributed on first face.Further, since should
The number of dual polarization vibrator is less than or equal to the number of dual polarization vibrator in the second circular array, therefore the antenna in third circular array
It may include 20 dual polarization vibrators in array.Further, which can be made of four dual polarization vibrators, this
Second ring battle array can be made of eight dual polarization vibrators, which can be made of four dual polarization vibrators.In this way, making
With by the molecular aerial array of 20 battle arrays or 16 molecular aerial arrays of battle array, it equally can satisfy and support spot beam skill
Antenna in the base station of art needs to meet specified conditions.Above-mentioned technical proposal can be used less dual polarization vibrator and meet 3dB
The design requirement of 50 degree of the beam angle antennas for determining spot beam.In addition, for connecting dual polarization vibrator in above-mentioned technical proposal
Feeding network it is also relatively fewer, antenna production complexity also accordingly reduce.
Certainly, if desired meet other design requirements, then can adjust the quantity of the circular array of antenna according to design requirement
And the quantity for the dual polarization vibrator in each circular array including.For example, if desired meeting the design that 3dB beam angle is 30 degree
Demand, then each aerial array of antenna can be made of four circular arrays.The first annular battle array of this four circular arrays is to the 4th
The quantity of the dual polarization vibrator of circular array can be respectively 4,8,8,4.
Optionally, in some embodiments, in N number of circular array each circular array the polarized crosspoint of dual polarization vibrator
It is evenly distributed on the circle to be formed or regular polygon.In this way, the normalized radiation pattern of the antenna can be made average.
Optionally, as one embodiment, which is rectangle, four dual polarization vibrator poles in the first annular battle array
The crosspoint of change can be located at the X-axis positive direction of plane right-angle coordinate, the negative direction of the X-axis, the positive direction of Y-axis and should
The negative direction of Y-axis, alternatively, four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator in the first annular battle array can be located at the plane
In four quadrants of the rectangular coordinate system and polarized crosspoint of any one dual polarization vibrator to the X-axis distance with to the Y-axis
Apart from identical, wherein the origin of the plane right-angle coordinate is the center in first face, and the X-axis and the Y-axis are first face
The symmetry axis and X-axis is parallel with a line in first face.
Further, eight polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator in second circular array can be located at the X-axis
Four quadrants of positive direction, the negative direction of the X-axis, the positive direction of the Y-axis, the negative direction of the Y-axis and the plane right-angle coordinate
In, and the polarized crosspoint of any one dual polarization vibrator being located in four quadrants of the plane right-angle coordinate is to the X-axis
Distance with to identical at a distance from the Y-axis, alternatively, eight polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator in second circular array can be divided
Wei Yu not be in four quadrants of the plane right-angle coordinate, and each quadrant in four quadrants of the plane right-angle coordinate can
To include two in eight polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator, positioned at any quadrant two dual polarization vibrators with it is adjacent
Two quadrants in any quadrant two dual polarization vibrator axial symmetry, it is adjacent and be located at same quadrant two dual polarization vibrators
The distance between polarized crosspoint is greater than adjacent and is located between two polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of adjacent quadrants
Distance.
Further, four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator in the third circular array are located at the pros of the X-axis
To, the negative direction of the X-axis, the negative direction of the positive direction of the Y-axis and the Y-axis.
It is understood that in some embodiments, multiple circular arrays may only approximate concentric ring around rather than being tight
The arranged concentric of lattice.In other embodiments, multiple circular arrays may be not same shape.For example, it may be possible to some
Circular array is circular ring-shaped battle array, other circular arrays are elliptical perimeter battle arrays.In other embodiments, the shape of circular array
It may be approximate circle or oval.But these variations be anyone skilled in the art the invention discloses
In technical scope, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is three kinds of aerial array schematic diagrames of the antenna provided according to embodiments of the present invention.Such as Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 institute
Show that three kinds of aerial arrays include 3 circular arrays, wherein first annular battle array is made of four dual polarization vibrators, the second circular array by
Eight dual polarization vibrator compositions, third circular array are made of four dual polarization vibrators.
The shape in the first face of reflecting plate as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3 is rectangle.The origin of plane right-angle coordinate be this
Central point on one side.The X-axis and Y-axis of the plane right-angle coordinate are the symmetry axis in first face and X-axis and the one of first face
Side is parallel.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the figure that the line in four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of the first annular battle array is formed
Shape is round (for convenience of describing, hereinafter referred to as first is round).Eight polarized intersections of dual polarization vibrator of second circular array
The figure that the line of point is formed is round (for convenience of describing, hereinafter referred to as second is round).Four of the third circular array are bipolar
The figure for changing the line formation in the polarized crosspoint of oscillator is round (describing for convenience, hereinafter referred to as third circle).This first
Round, second circle and the third circle are concentric and different radius circle.These three circular centers of circle are first face
Central point.
It is understood that being formed by if the type of the line for connecting the polarized crosspoint of dual polarization vibrator is different
Figure is also different.Specifically, the polarized crosspoint of dual polarization vibrator as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3 is connected with curve, because
This figure formed is circle.If the polarized crosspoint of dual polarization vibrator is connected with straight line, the dual polarization vibration of each circular array
The figure that the crosspoint of muon polarization is formed is regular polygon or axisymmetric convex polygon.Specifically, Fig. 1 is into Fig. 3, this
The figure that the line in four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of one circular array is formed is that regular quadrangle (is referred to as pros
Shape).In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the figure that the line in eight polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of second circular array is formed is positive eight
Side shape.In Fig. 3, the figure that the line in eight polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of the second circular array is formed is convex octagon,
And the convex octagon can be symmetrical with X-axis or Y-axis.For Fig. 1 into Fig. 3, four dual polarization vibrators of the third circular array are polarized
The figure that the line in crosspoint is formed is regular quadrangle.
Dual polarization vibrator in the circular array of aerial array as shown in Figure 1 is axial symmetry arrangement, symmetry axis be this first
The symmetry axis in face.For example, being located at three dual polarization vibrators of X-axis positive direction and three dual polarization vibrators of X-axis negative direction with Y-axis
It is arranged symmetrically for symmetry axis.Positioned at three dual polarization vibrators of Y-axis positive direction and three dual polarization vibrators of Y-axis negative direction with X
Axis is arranged symmetrically for symmetry axis.It can regard as positioned at four a period of time of four quadrants and be arranged symmetrically by symmetry axis of Y-axis, it can also
It is arranged symmetrically using regarding as by symmetry axis of X-axis.For example, being located at two dual polarization vibrators and the position of first quartile and fourth quadrant
It is arranged symmetrically in two dual polarization vibrators of the second quadrant and third quadrant by symmetry axis of Y-axis.For another example, be located at first quartile and
Two dual polarization vibrators of the second quadrant are with third quadrant and two dual polarization vibrators of fourth quadrant with X-axis for symmetrical axial symmetry
Arrangement.
As shown in Figure 1, four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of the first annular battle array are located at the pros of X-axis
To in, the negative direction of the positive direction of Y-axis, the negative direction of X-axis and Y-axis.In other words, four dual polarization vibrators of first annular battle array
The line of polarized crosspoint and plane right-angle coordinate origin and the angle of X-axis positive direction be respectively 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and
270 degree.Eight polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of second circular array are located at the losing side of the positive direction of X-axis, X-axis
To in, four quadrants of the positive direction of Y-axis, the negative direction of Y-axis and plane right-angle coordinate, and it is located at the plane right-angle coordinate
Four quadrants in the polarized crosspoint of any one dual polarization vibrator to X-axis distance with to identical at a distance from Y-axis.In other words
It says, eight polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of second circular array and the line of plane right-angle coordinate origin and X-axis
The angle of positive direction is respectively 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree, 180 degree, 225 degree, 270 degree and 315 degree.In the third circular array
Four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator be located at the positive direction of X-axis, the positive direction of Y-axis, the negative direction of X-axis and Y-axis
Negative direction on.In other words, the polarized crosspoint of four dual polarization vibrators of the third circular array and plane right-angle coordinate
The line of origin and the angle of X-axis positive direction be respectively 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree.
Dual polarization vibrator in the circular array of aerial array as shown in Figure 2 is axial symmetry arrangement, symmetry axis be this
Symmetry axis on one side.For example, being located at two dual polarization vibrators of X-axis positive direction and two dual polarization vibrators of X-axis negative direction with Y
Axis is arranged symmetrically for symmetry axis.Positioned at Y-axis positive direction two dual polarization vibrators and Y-axis negative direction two dual polarization vibrators with
X-axis is arranged symmetrically for symmetry axis.It can regard as positioned at eight a period of time of four quadrants and be arranged symmetrically by symmetry axis of Y-axis,
It can regard as and be arranged symmetrically by symmetry axis of X-axis.For example, be located at four dual polarization vibrators of first quartile and fourth quadrant with
Four dual polarization vibrators positioned at the second quadrant and third quadrant are arranged symmetrically by symmetry axis of Y-axis.For another example, it is located at first quartile
With four dual polarization vibrators and third quadrant of the second quadrant and four dual polarization vibrators of fourth quadrant using X-axis as symmetry axis pair
Claim arrangement.
As shown in Fig. 2, four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of the first annular battle array are located at flat square seat
Mark system four quadrants in, and the polarized crosspoint of any one dual polarization vibrator to X-axis distance with arrive Y-axis at a distance from it is identical.
In other words, four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of the first annular battle array and the line of plane right-angle coordinate origin and
The angle of X-axis positive direction is respectively 45 degree, 135 degree, 225 degree and 315 degree.Eight dual polarization vibrators of second circular array polarize
Crosspoint be located at the positive direction of X-axis, the negative direction of X-axis, the positive direction of Y-axis, the negative direction of Y-axis and plane rectangular coordinates
In four quadrants of system, and the polarized intersection of any one dual polarization vibrator being located in four quadrants of the plane right-angle coordinate
Point to X-axis distance with arrive Y-axis at a distance from it is identical.In other words, eight polarized friendships of dual polarization vibrator of second circular array
The angle of the positive direction of the line and X-axis of crunode and plane right-angle coordinate origin is respectively 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree,
180 degree, 225 degree, 270 degree and 315 degree.Four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator in the third circular array are located at X
The positive direction of axis, the positive direction of Y-axis, in the negative direction of the negative direction of X-axis and Y-axis.In other words, four of the third circular array
The angle of the line and X-axis positive direction of the polarized crosspoint of dual polarization vibrator and plane right-angle coordinate origin is respectively 0 degree, 90
Degree, 180 degree and 270 degree.
Dual polarization vibrator in the circular array of aerial array as shown in Figure 3 is axial symmetry arrangement, symmetry axis be this
Symmetry axis on one side.For example, being located at a dual polarization vibrator of X-axis positive direction and a dual polarization vibrator of X-axis negative direction with Y
Axis is arranged symmetrically for symmetry axis.Positioned at Y-axis positive direction a dual polarization vibrator and Y-axis negative direction a dual polarization vibrator with
X-axis is arranged symmetrically for symmetry axis.It can regard as positioned at 12 a period of time of four quadrants and be arranged symmetrically by symmetry axis of Y-axis,
It can also regard as and be arranged symmetrically by symmetry axis of X-axis.For example, being located at six dual polarization vibrators of first quartile and fourth quadrant
It is arranged symmetrically with six dual polarization vibrators for being located at the second quadrant and third quadrant by symmetry axis of Y-axis.For another example, be located at first as
Six dual polarization vibrators and third quadrant of limit and the second quadrant and six dual polarization vibrators of fourth quadrant are using X-axis as symmetry axis
It is arranged symmetrically.
As shown in figure 3, four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of the first annular battle array are located at flat square seat
Mark system four quadrants in, and the polarized crosspoint of any one dual polarization vibrator to X-axis distance with arrive Y-axis at a distance from it is identical.
In other words, four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator of the first annular battle array and the line of plane right-angle coordinate origin and
The angle of X-axis positive direction is respectively 45 degree, 135 degree, 225 degree and 315 degree.Eight dual polarization vibrator poles in second circular array
The crosspoint of change can be located in four quadrants of the plane right-angle coordinate, and four of the plane right-angle coordinate as
Each quadrant in limit may include two in eight polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator, positioned at two of any quadrant
Two dual polarization vibrator axial symmetry of any quadrant in dual polarization vibrator and two adjacent quadrants are adjacent and be located at same quadrant
The distance between two polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator be greater than two dual polarization vibrators that are adjacent and being located at adjacent quadrants
The distance between polarized crosspoint.For example, the polarized crosspoint of each dual polarization vibrator of second circular array and plane are straight
The line of angular coordinate system origin and the angle α size of immediate reference axis are identical, such as can be 5 degree, 10 degree or 20 degree etc..
For example, if the angle of α is 10 degree, the polarized crosspoint of eight dual polarization vibrators of second circular array and plane rectangular coordinates
It is the line of origin and the angle of positive direction of X-axis is respectively 10 degree, 80 degree, 100 degree, 170 degree, 190 degree, 260 degree, 280 degree
With 350 degree.Four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator in the third circular array are being located at the positive direction of X-axis, Y-axis just
In the negative direction in direction, the negative direction of X-axis and Y-axis.In other words, four polarized friendships of dual polarization vibrator of the third circular array
The line of crunode and plane right-angle coordinate origin and the angle of X-axis positive direction be respectively 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree.
Can satisfy the design that 3dB beam angle is 50 degree by Fig. 1 to the antenna that aerial array shown in Fig. 3 forms needs
It asks.
It is understood that Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is only some specific implementation schematic diagrames of aerial array.Based on Fig. 1 to figure
Specific implementation disclosed in 3, those skilled in the art can also readily occur in other specific implementations.For example, in Fig. 1
On the basis of, four dual polarization vibrators of third circular array are arranged in four quadrants, and any one dual polarization vibrator
Polarized crosspoint to X-axis distance with to identical at a distance from Y-axis.In addition, in some embodiments, forming a circular array
Multiple dual polarization vibrators may and non-critical be uniformly distributed.Allow that there are certain deviations.For example, third ring shown in FIG. 1
Four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator and the line of plane right-angle coordinate origin and the angle of X-axis positive direction in shape battle array
Respectively 0 degree, 88 degree, 181 degree and 272 degree.These variations are that anyone skilled in the art takes off in the present invention
In the technical scope of dew, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Further, it is to be appreciated that Fig. 1 dotted line of indicates coordinate and circle for connecting oscillator into Fig. 3 are only
Help to better understand the distribution situation of oscillator.It does not include corresponding device in antenna.
Fig. 4 is a kind of antenna normalized radiation pattern for supporting spot beam technology.The longitudinal axis indicates normalization level in Fig. 4,
Horizontal axis indicates beam angle.As shown in figure 4, meeting 50 degree of the 3dB beam angle antenna normalized radiation pattern need for determining spot beam
Meet the following conditions:
1, the 3dB field angle of antenna normalized radiation pattern need to be fallen in range shown in Fig. 4, and 3dB lobe width (i.e. Fig. 4
In direction shown in -3dB arrow) interior level is greater than -3dB.
2, the 20dB field angle of antenna normalized radiation pattern need to be fallen in, using 3dB field angle as starting point and parallel shadow region outside
Within the straight line of frame and the intersection point of 20dB index line (direction shown in arrow)；
3, the secondary lobe of antenna normalized radiation pattern need to be fallen within the scope of ± 90 °, the outer (side shown in arrow of 20dB lobe angular region
To), and sidelobe level is less than -20dB.
Fig. 5 to Fig. 9 is the Direction Pattern Simulation result of the antenna provided according to embodiments of the present invention.Specifically, Fig. 5 to Fig. 9
It is using the Direction Pattern Simulation result such as any of Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 or the antenna of mutiple antennas array.Shown in fig. 5 is frequency
For the Direction Pattern Simulation result of 1710MHz.Shown in fig. 6 is the Direction Pattern Simulation result that frequency is 1940MHz.It is shown in Fig. 7
It is the Direction Pattern Simulation result that frequency is 2170MHz.Shown in Fig. 8 is the Direction Pattern Simulation result that frequency is 2300MHz.Fig. 9
Shown in be frequency be 2500MHz Direction Pattern Simulation result.
As can be seen that the simulation result of Fig. 5 to Fig. 9 is all satisfied the antenna normalizing of 50 degree of 3dB beam angle as shown in Figure 4
Change directional diagram.Therefore, antenna of the technical solution provided by the above embodiment in the spot beam that meets 50 degree of 3dB beam angle
In the case where design requirement, the number of oscillator is less in antenna.Simultaneously as oscillator number is less, for connecting the feedback of oscillator
The number of electric network is also corresponding less.Therefore, this technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention can reduce the production of antenna
Complexity reduces cost of manufacture.
Further, if desired meet other design requirements, then can adjust the number of the circular array of antenna according to design requirement
Amount.For example, if desired meeting 3dB beam angle is 30 degree of design requirement, then each aerial array of antenna can there are four
The circular array composition of concentric radius unequal.
Figure 10 is the feeding network of the port of one polarization direction of oscillator into aerial array shown in Fig. 3 of connection figure 1
Schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 10, which is cascaded by 5 one point four of feeding network, and wherein feeding network 1001 is used
In the port of the same polarization direction for four oscillators for connecting the first annular battle array, feeding network 1002 and feeding network 1003 are used
In the port of the same polarization direction for eight oscillators for connecting second circular array, feeding network 1004 is for connecting the third ring
The port of the same polarization direction of four oscillators of shape battle array, wherein feeding network 1002 and feeding network 1003 are having the same
Parameter.Feeding network 1005 is for connecting feeding network 1001, feeding network 1002, feeding network 1003 and feeding network
1004。
In the case where antenna includes two aerial arrays, 4 feeding networks as shown in Figure 10, and each feedback are needed altogether
The feeding network that electric network is one point four.Therefore, the complexity of antenna production is reduced, cost of manufacture is reduced.In addition,
Due to being one point four of feeding network in feeding network shown in Fig. 10, can not needed to distinguish in antenna manufacturing process
For connecting the element of the feeding network of different rings, production complexity and cost can be further decreased.
It is understood that Figure 10 is only a kind of signal of feeding network of oscillator into array shown in Fig. 3 of connection figure 1
Figure.Feeding network for connecting oscillator can also have other combinations, as long as guaranteeing the phase of different oscillators in the same circular array
The parameter of the feeding network of the port connection in same polarization direction is identical.It is, for example, possible to use one one point eight of transmission networks
Network connects eight oscillators of second circular array.Alternatively, the feeding network that can be used one one point three connects second annular
Three oscillators of battle array, connect another five oscillators of second circular array with one one point five of feeding network, and this point three
Feeding network is identical as the parameter of one point five of the feeding network.
Figure 11 is to provide a kind of structural block diagram of base station according to embodiments of the present invention.As shown in figure 11, base station 1100 includes
The base station includes indoor baseband processing unit (Building Baseband Unit, referred to as: BBU, also referred to as baseband processing unit)
1101, the antenna that Remote Radio Unit (Radio Remote Unit, referred to as: RRU) 1102 and the above embodiment of the present invention provide
1103。
Base station 1100 shown in Figure 11 can use the antenna normalization side that antenna 1103 meets spot beam technical requirements
To the characteristics of figure, spot beam business is provided.
It can be connected by optical fiber or other transmission mediums between BBU 1101 and RRU 1102.BBU1101 can be incited somebody to action
The signal received from other equipment is sent to RRU 1102.Between RRU 1102 and antenna 1103 can also by optical fiber or its
He is connected at transmission medium.RRU 1102 can send the signal received by antenna 1103.In addition, RRU 1102 is also
The signal received from antenna can be sent to BBU 1101 by optical fiber.BBU 1101 is sent to receiving RRU 1102
Signal after, the signal received can be sent to other equipment.
Base station 1100 shown in Figure 11 can include but is not limited to following any base station: global system for mobile telecommunications
(Global System of Mobile communication, referred to as " GSM ") system or CDMA (Code Division
Multiple Access, referred to as " the CDMA ") base station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS) in system, broadband code
Divide the base station in multiple access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, referred to as " WCDMA ") system
(NodeB), the eNB or e-NodeB in long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, referred to as " LTE ") system.May be used also base station
To include the devices such as power supply.
It is understood that base station 1100 can also include Figure 11 in addition to BBU 1101, RRU 1102 and antenna 1103
In other unshowned basic devices or equipment, for example, power supply unit, mast for installing antenna etc..
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of antenna, which is characterized in that the antenna includes at least one aerial array, at least one described aerial array
Each aerial array include multiple dual polarization vibrators, the multiple dual polarization vibrator is with the symmetry axis in the first face of reflecting plate
Axis, be arranged symmetrically and the multiple dual polarization vibrator be arranged to concentric ring around N number of circular array, wherein first face is institute
The face that the multiple dual polarization vibrator is disposed on reflecting plate is stated, the center of N number of circular array is the center in first face,
Four dual polarization vibrators are included at least in each circular array, being located at innermost circular array is first annular battle array, is looped around
On the outside of the first annular battle array and the circular array adjacent with the first annular battle array is the second circular array, and so on, N annular
Battle array is the circular array for being located at outermost in N number of circular array, and the operating power of the first annular battle array is greater than second ring
The sum of the operating power of shape battle array any two circular array into N circular array, N are the positive integer more than or equal to 3；
Dual polarization vibrator number in the n-th circular array is less than or equal to the dual polarization vibrator number in the N-1 circular array
Mesh.
2. antenna as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that dual polarization vibrator in each circular array in N number of circular array
Amplitude and phase it is identical.
3. antenna as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the dual polarization vibration of each circular array in N number of circular array
The figure that the line in the crosspoint of muon polarization is formed is round or regular polygon.
4. antenna as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that N 3, the first annular battle array include at least four described pair
Polarize oscillator, and second circular array includes at least eight dual polarization vibrators, the third circular array in N number of circular array
Including at least four dual polarization vibrators.
5. antenna as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the first annular battle array is made of four dual polarization vibrators, institute
It states the second circular array to be made of eight dual polarization vibrators, the third circular array is made of four dual polarization vibrators.
6. antenna as described in claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the dual polarization vibration of each circular array in N number of circular array
The crosspoint of muon polarization be evenly distributed on to be formed round or it is just polygonal on.
7. antenna as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that first face is rectangle, four in the first annular battle array
A polarized crosspoint of dual polarization vibrator is located at the positive direction of X-axis, the negative direction of the X-axis, Y of plane right-angle coordinate
The negative direction of the positive direction of axis and the Y-axis, alternatively,
Four polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator in the first annular battle array are located at the plane right-angle coordinate
In the four quadrants and polarized crosspoint of any one dual polarization vibrator to the X-axis distance with to identical at a distance from the Y-axis,
Wherein the origin of the plane right-angle coordinate is the center in first face, and the X-axis and the Y-axis are first face
The symmetry axis and X-axis is parallel with first face a line.
8. antenna as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that eight dual polarization vibrators in second circular array are polarized
Crosspoint is located at the positive direction of the X-axis, the negative direction of the X-axis, the positive direction of the Y-axis, the negative direction of the Y-axis
In four quadrants of the plane right-angle coordinate, and it is located at any of four quadrants of the plane right-angle coordinate
The polarized crosspoint of dual polarization vibrator to the X-axis distance with to identical at a distance from the Y-axis, alternatively,
Eight polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator in second circular array are located at the plane right-angle coordinate
In four quadrants, and each quadrant in four quadrants of the plane right-angle coordinate includes the eight dual polarization vibrator pole
Two in the crosspoint of change, the two of any quadrant in two dual polarization vibrators and two adjacent quadrants of any quadrant
A dual polarization vibrator axial symmetry, the distance between two polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator that are adjacent and being located at same quadrant are big
In the distance between two polarized crosspoints of dual polarization vibrator adjacent and positioned at adjacent quadrants.
9. antenna as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that four dual polarization vibrators in the third circular array are polarized
Crosspoint is located at the losing side of the positive direction of the X-axis, the negative direction of the X-axis, the positive direction of the Y-axis and the Y-axis
To.
10. a kind of base station, which is characterized in that the base station include: indoor baseband processing unit BBU, radio frequency remote unit RRU and
Antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein,
The RRU, for the signal received from the BBU to be sent to one or more equipment by the antenna；
The RRU is also used to the signal received by the antenna being sent to the BBU.
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| CN201610580336.9A CN106129638B (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2016-07-21 | Antenna and base station |
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| CN201610580336.9A CN106129638B (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2016-07-21 | Antenna and base station |
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| CN106129638B true CN106129638B (en) | 2019-06-11 |
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| CN107230845B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2020-11-06 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Rectangular beam forming antenna with half-power angular outer lobe falling rapidly |
| TWI706601B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2020-10-01 | 台達電子工業股份有限公司 | Antenna array |
| CN112290234A (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2021-01-29 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Communication device |
| CN112290235A (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2021-01-29 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Antenna array |
| CN116569418A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-08-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Array antenna and base station |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1106577A (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1995-08-09 | 罗拉尔奎尔康卫星服务有限公司 | Active transmit phased array antenna with amplitude taper |
| CN2487123Y (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-04-17 | 信息产业部电子第五十四研究所 | Superhigh frequency plane antenna array |
| CN104409868A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | UWB (ultra wide band) microstrip dipole antenna array and pulse UWB detection imaging device thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1106577A (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1995-08-09 | 罗拉尔奎尔康卫星服务有限公司 | Active transmit phased array antenna with amplitude taper |
| CN2487123Y (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-04-17 | 信息产业部电子第五十四研究所 | Superhigh frequency plane antenna array |
| CN104409868A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | UWB (ultra wide band) microstrip dipole antenna array and pulse UWB detection imaging device thereof |
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