CN106112002A - A kind of use circulation air be that medium is prepared metallic particles and reclaims the apparatus and method of heat - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for preparing metal particles and recovering heat by using circulating air as a medium. The device includes a rotary granulation system, an air cooling system, a metal particle collection structure and a gas collection system; molten metal injection in the rotary granulation system The turntable is driven by the drive motor to rotate the turntable to granulate the molten metal; the air cooling system cools the granulated and splashed metal particles; the metal particle collection structure collects the falling metal particles; the gas collection system is used to cool the metal particles hot air. The device no longer needs high-pressure injection media to crush the metal liquid flow, greatly reducing energy consumption and production costs. The metal particle preparation method uses the aforementioned equipment, controls the speed of the drive motor according to the metal properties, adjusts the number of air nozzles and the size of the airflow according to the heat exchange effect between the metal particles and the air, and finally collects the hot air and metal particles. The method is simple and easy, has low energy consumption, and saves cost.

Description

A device that uses circulating air as a medium to prepare metal particles and recover heat and method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal particle preparation, in particular to a device and method for preparing metal particles using circulating air as a medium and recovering heat.

Background technique

Nowadays, the use of metal particles is more and more extensive, such as iron powder particles can be used as reducing agent, nickel and its alloy particles can be used to produce stainless steel.

At present, the most widely used preparation methods of metal particles are reduction method, atomization method and electrolysis method. Among them, the electrolysis method is only used to produce metal particles with high purity and special properties. The ore reduction method to produce metal particles is widely used, but the production process is relatively complicated. Taking the ore reduction method to produce iron powder as an example, it needs to go through two reduction processes, the solid carbon reduction process to produce sponge iron and the second fine reduction process. There are a total of more than a dozen processes, and the production process is relatively complicated. Compared with the first two methods, the biggest advantage of the atomization method is high production efficiency, large output and low cost.

The principle of powder preparation by atomization method is to spray the metal flow into particles by means of a fluid with a certain kinetic energy (high speed), and the degree of refinement depends on the kinetic energy of the fluid (flow velocity, flow rate, gas properties, etc.) The ratio of liquid flow.

The atomization method mainly uses high-pressure air, argon, nitrogen, etc. (gas atomization) and high-pressure water (water atomization) as the injection medium to crush the metal liquid flow. When the gas atomization method is used for production, due to the slow cooling, the metal particles stay in the high temperature for a long time, the surface oxidation of the particles is serious, and the finer the particles, the more significant. In addition, when high-pressure air is used as the injection medium for atomization, due to the relatively poor heat transfer effect, hot metal particles are prone to bonding at the bottom of the atomization chamber. Although the degree of bonding is loose, a pulverization process is still required. Using high-pressure water as the injection medium for atomization, the cooling speed is fast, the oxidation degree of the particle surface is low, and the obtained metal particles have good sphericity. However, whether it is water atomization or gas atomization to obtain metal particles, it needs to be under high pressure conditions and consumes a lot of energy.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a device with simple structure and low energy consumption, which uses circulating air as the medium to prepare metal particles and recover heat.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a device that uses circulating air as a medium to prepare metal particles and recover heat, including a rotary granulation system, an air cooling system, a metal particle collection structure and a gas collection system;

Rotary granulation system: including spray chamber, turntable, flange, connecting shaft and drive motor;

The atomization chamber has a molten metal injection port, a metal particle outlet and an air outlet, the molten metal injection port is arranged at the top of the atomization chamber, and the metal particle outlet is arranged at the bottom of the atomization chamber;

The turntable and the flange are located inside the atomization chamber, the turntable is fixed above the flange, and the turntable is set opposite to the molten metal injection port;

The connecting shaft is arranged under the flange, and its top is fixedly connected with the flange;

The drive motor is connected to the connecting shaft, and drives the connecting shaft to rotate along its central axis;

Air cooling system: including air compressor, gas cylinder, multiple air nozzles and air nozzle installation structure;

The gas outlet of the air compressor communicates with the gas inlet of the gas cylinder through the pipeline, and the compressed gas outlet of the gas cylinder communicates with the gas inlet of the air nozzle through the air pipe;

The air nozzle installation structure includes a mounting frame and an air distribution plate;

The mounting frame is arranged on the periphery of the flange;

The air distribution plate is fixed on the top of the installation frame, the air distribution plate is a ring structure, and has a plurality of air nozzle installation holes, and the plurality of air nozzle installation holes are arranged along the circumference of the air distribution plate, and the plurality of air The circle where the center of the nozzle installation hole is located is located outside the top edge of the turntable;

Metal particle collection structure: comprising a first metal particle collector;

The first metal particle collector is used to collect metal particles discharged from the bottom of the atomization chamber;

Gas collection system: including dust collector, hot air collector and second metal particle collector;

The gas inlet of the dust collector communicates with the air outlet on the atomization chamber through a pipeline, and the gas outlet of the dust collector communicates with the hot air inlet of the hot air collector;

The second metal particle collector is connected with the dust remover and used for collecting the metal particles produced by the dust remover.

As an optimization, it also includes a molten metal injection structure arranged outside the top wall of the atomization chamber;

The molten metal injection structure includes a high temperature resistant container and a plug;

The bottom of the container has a through hole, and the through hole is arranged coaxially with the molten metal injection port;

The plug is in sliding engagement with the passage seal.

As an optimization, the metal particle outlet is in an annular structure and is arranged along the circumference of the bottom wall of the atomization chamber.

As an optimization, the first metal particle collector is an annular structure, arranged on the outside of the atomization chamber, and located at the bottom of the atomization chamber, and the opening at the upper end of the first metal particle collector is opposite to the metal particle outlet at the bottom of the atomization chamber .

As an optimization, the turntable is a trumpet-shaped structure with a diameter at the top greater than that at the bottom.

As an optimization, there is a skirt on the outer side of the bottom of the turntable, and a plurality of installation holes are arranged on the skirt.

As an optimization, the rotary granulation system further includes a frequency converter connected to the drive motor for controlling the rotational speed of the drive motor.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a method for preparing metal particles, using the above-mentioned device that uses circulating air as a medium to prepare metal particles and recover heat;

Concrete preparation steps are as follows:

S1: Start the driving motor in the rotary granulation system, adjust the rotation speed of the turntable to make it reach the target rotation speed;

S2: Turn on the air cooling system, open the air nozzle, and the upward air flow from the air nozzle;

S3: Inject molten metal into the rotary granulation system, and the molten metal flows into the turntable to start granulation;

S4: The metal particles formed by granulation encounter the airflow from the nozzle in the atomization chamber, and the metal particles exchange kinetic energy and heat with the airflow. The temperature of the metal particles drops below the bonding temperature, and after falling at the bottom of the atomization chamber, they are absorbed The first metal particle collector collects;

S5: The heat-exchanged air first enters the dust collector along the upper air outlet of the atomization chamber for dust removal, and finally reaches the hot air collector, where the heat-exchanged air is collected by the collector, and the second metal particle collector Collect the metal particles obtained by the dust collector during the dust removal process.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The device for preparing metal particles and recovering heat provided by the present invention has simple structure and ingenious design; compared with the existing high-pressure atomization, it does not require high pressure in the process of molten metal granulation and metal particle cooling , thereby greatly reducing energy consumption; in addition, air is used as a cooling medium, and raw materials are easier to obtain, thereby reducing the cost of making metal particles at the same time. The temperature of the collected hot air can reach over 400°C, which has high utilization value. Recovery and utilization of gas waste heat saves costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the device for preparing metal particles and recovering heat by using circulating air as the medium of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the air distribution plate of the flange.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner" and "outer" are based on The orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as Limitations on the Invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

Embodiment one:

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a device that uses circulating air as a medium to prepare metal particles and recover heat includes a rotary granulation system, an air cooling system, a metal particle collection structure, and a gas collection system.

Rotary granulation system: includes an atomization chamber 9 , a turntable 4 , a flange 5 , a connecting shaft 7 , a driving motor 12 and a frequency converter 13 .

The atomization chamber 9 has a molten metal injection port, a metal particle outlet and an air outlet, the molten metal injection port is arranged at the top of the atomization chamber 9, and the metal particle outlet is arranged at the bottom of the atomization chamber 9;

In order to facilitate the injection of molten metal and control the injection speed and flow rate of molten metal, a molten metal injection structure arranged outside the top wall of the atomization chamber 9 may also be included;

The molten metal injection structure includes a high-temperature-resistant container 2 and a plug 1; the bottom of the container 2 has a through hole, and the through hole is coaxially arranged with the molten metal injection port; To control the unblocking and blocking of the through hole. During specific implementation, the plug 1 is composed of a handle part and a blocking part. In order to facilitate holding, pulling and plugging the plug, the diameter of the handle part is larger than that of the blocking part. When the plug is pulled out, the plug comes out of hand.

Preferably, the metal particle outlet is designed as an annular structure, and is arranged circumferentially along the bottom wall of the atomizing chamber 9 . This structure is more conducive to rapid collection of cooled metal particles. The annular metal particle outlet is close to the vertical side wall of the atomization chamber 9, and this is mainly because after the metal particles are cooled, they will hit the inner side of the vertical side wall of the atomization chamber 9, and then fall, and the metal particle outlet is arranged near the vertical side wall of the atomization chamber 9. The vertical side walls of the atomization chamber 9 can quickly collect metal particles.

The turntable 4 and the flange 5 are located inside the atomization chamber 9, the turntable 4 is fixed above the flange 5, and the turntable 4 is arranged opposite to the molten metal injection port; preferably, the turntable 4 is a horn-shaped structure with a diameter at the top greater than that at the bottom, It is convenient for the molten metal located in the turntable 4 to fly out from the top opening of the turntable, and the metal particles obtained by granulating the metal liquid through the turntable have uniform particles and good sphericity. In addition, the metal particles prepared by granulating the metal liquid through the turntable can be adjusted by adjusting the metal liquid The flow rate, the diameter of the turntable and the size of the rotating speed are used to control the size of the particles to meet the production needs.

The outer side of the bottom of the turntable 4 has a skirt with a plurality of installation holes. The setting of the skirt and the mounting hole is mainly to fix the turntable on the flange better and more stably, and to prevent relative rotation or movement of the turntable and the flange as much as possible.

The connecting shaft 7 is arranged under the flange 5, and its top is fixedly connected with the flange 5; the driving motor 12 is connected with the connecting shaft 7, and drives the connecting shaft 7 to rotate along its central axis.

The frequency converter 13 is connected with the drive motor 12 and is used to control the speed of the drive motor 12 . The setting of the frequency converter 13 is mainly to adjust the rotation speed of the drive motor 12 more conveniently, so that the rotation speed of the turntable can be adjusted according to different metal characteristics, which increases the applicability of the device.

Air cooling system: including an air compressor 20, a gas cylinder 15, a plurality of air nozzles 17 and an air nozzle installation structure;

The gas outlet of the air compressor 20 is communicated with the gas inlet of the gas cylinder 15 through a pipeline, and the compressed gas outlet of the gas cylinder 15 is communicated with the gas inlet of the air nozzle 17 through the gas pipe 16;

The air nozzle installation structure includes a mounting frame 8 and an air distribution plate 3; the mounting frame 8 is arranged on the outer periphery of the flange 5; the air distribution plate 3 is fixed on the top of the mounting frame 8, and the air distribution plate 3 is annular structure, and has a plurality of air nozzle installation holes 3-1, the plurality of air nozzle installation holes 3-1 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the air distribution plate 3, and the circle where the center of the plurality of air nozzle installation holes 3-1 is located is located on the turntable 4 outside the top edge, the metal particles splashed out from the top of the turntable 4 are cooled by jetting compressed gas.

In order to avoid that the air flow ejected by the air nozzle 17 is too large, and the granulated particles are blown onto the top wall of the atomization chamber 9, the air nozzle 17 can be arranged obliquely, and the air nozzle 17 and the angle of inclination can be determined according to the actual situation. Specifically, the air nozzle 17 can be parallel to the side wall of the turntable 4, that is, the inclination angle of the air nozzle 17 is equal to the inclination angle of the side wall of the turntable 4, so that the airflow ejected from the air nozzle 17 is obliquely upward. During implementation, the number of air nozzles and the air flow rate can be adjusted according to the heat exchange effect between the metal particles and the air.

The metal particles fly away from the turntable at a very high speed from the edge of the turntable, contact with the air flow, change the flight trajectory, and make the flight time of the metal particles reach the bottom of the atomization chamber longer, the heat exchange of the metal particles is sufficient, and the temperature drops below the bonding temperature , there will be no bonding phenomenon; the combination of turntable granulation and cooling air, compared with the direct high-pressure gas production of metal particles, the required air does not need high pressure, which can reduce production costs; the combination of turntable granulation and cooling air, The metal particles fly away from the turntable at a very high speed from the edge of the turntable, and contact with the air flow in a very short time, which can reduce the oxidation degree of the surface of the metal particles to a certain extent.

Metal particle collection structure: including a first metal particle collector 10; the first metal particle collector 10 is used to collect the metal particles discharged from the bottom of the atomization chamber 9, during specific implementation, the first metal particle collector can be set On the outside of the atomizing chamber 9, and at the bottom of the atomizing chamber 9, the opening on the upper end of the first metal particle collector 10 is opposite to the metal particle outlet; The annular metal particle outlet is opposite, and the falling metal particles are collected therein.

The device that uses circulating air as the medium to prepare metal particles and recover heat also includes a gas collection system;

The gas collection system includes a dust collector 18, a hot air collector 19 and a second metal particle collector;

The gas inlet of the dust remover 18 communicates with the air outlet on the atomization chamber 9 through a pipeline, and the gas outlet of the dust remover 18 communicates with the hot air inlet of the hot air collector 19;

The second metal particle collector is connected to the dust remover 18 for collecting the metal particles produced by the dust remover 18 during dust removal. Since the hot air output from the atomization chamber 9 will contain metal particles, the dedusting of the hot air by the dust collector 18 is actually to separate a small amount of metal particles carried by the hot air from the air, so the second metal particle collector will After the dust collector 18 separates, the metal particles are collected, which further increases the output of the metal particles and reduces the waste of energy. At the same time, the collected hot air can also be reused. The temperature of the collected hot air can reach above 400°C, which has high utilization value, recovers and utilizes the waste heat of the gas, and saves costs.

Embodiment two:

A method for preparing metal particles, using the device described in Example 1 that uses circulating air as a medium to prepare metal particles and recover heat;

Concrete preparation steps are as follows:

S1: start the driving motor 12 in the rotary granulation system, adjust the rotating speed of the turntable 4 to make it reach the target rotating speed;

S2: Turn on the air cooling system, turn on the air nozzle 17, and the upward air flow ejected from the air nozzle 17;

S3: Inject molten metal into the rotary granulation system, and the molten metal flows into the turntable 4 to start granulation;

S4: The metal particles formed by granulation encounter the airflow ejected from the nozzle 17 in the atomization chamber 9, the metal particles exchange kinetic energy and heat with the airflow, the temperature of the metal particles drops below the bonding temperature, and fall in the atomization chamber 9 After the bottom, it is collected by the first metal particle collector;

S5: The heat-exchanged air first enters the dust collector 18 along the upper air outlet of the atomization chamber 9 for dust removal, and finally reaches the hot air collector 19, and the heat-exchanged air is collected by the collector 19. The temperature of the hot air received can reach above 400°C, which has high utilization value. Recovery and utilization of gas waste heat saves costs. The second metal particle collector collects the metal particles obtained by the dust remover 18 during the dust removal process.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. one kind uses circulation air is that medium is prepared metallic particles and reclaims the device of heat, it is characterised in that: include rotating Granulation system, air cooling system, metallic particles collection structure and gas gathering system；

Rotate granulation system: include aerochamber (9), rotating disk (4), flange (5), connecting shaft (7) and drive motor (12)；

Described aerochamber (9) has motlten metal inlet, metallic particles outlet and air outlet slit, described motlten metal inlet Being arranged on the top of aerochamber (9), metallic particles outlet is arranged on the bottom of aerochamber (9)；

It is internal that described rotating disk (4) and flange (5) are positioned at aerochamber (9), and rotating disk (4) is fixed on the top of flange (5), rotating disk (4) It is oppositely arranged with motlten metal inlet；

Described connecting shaft (7) is arranged on the lower section of flange (5), and its top is fixed with flange (5) and is connected；

Described driving motor (12) is connected with connecting shaft (7), and drive connection axle (7) is along its central axis；

Air cooling system: include that air compressor (20), gas cylinder (15), multiple air nozzle (17) and air nozzle install knot Structure；

The gas outlet of described air compressor (20) is connected with the gas access of gas cylinder (15) by pipeline, the pressure of gas cylinder (15) Contracting gas outlet is connected with the gas access of air nozzle (17) by trachea (16)；

Described air nozzle mounting structure includes installing rack (8) and air distribution plate (3)；

Described installing rack (8) is arranged on the periphery of flange (5)；

Described air distribution plate (3) is fixed on the top of installing rack (8), and described air distribution plate (3) is loop configuration, and has multiple air Nozzle installing hole (3-1), the plurality of air nozzle installing hole (3-1) is laid along air distribution plate (3) circumference, and multiple air nozzle Place, the center of circle circle of installing hole (3-1) is positioned at outside rotating disk (4) top；

Metallic particles collection structure: include the first metallic particles catcher (10)；

Described first metallic particles catcher (10) is for collecting the metallic particles discharged from aerochamber (9) bottom；

Gas gathering system: include cleaner unit (18), the catcher (19) of hot-air and the second metallic particles catcher；

The gas access of described cleaner unit (18) is connected with the air outlet slit on aerochamber (9) by pipeline, cleaner unit (18) Gas outlet connects with the hot air inlet of the catcher (19) of hot-air；

Described second metallic particles catcher is connected with cleaner unit (18), the metal produced for collecting dust-removing device (18) dedusting Grain.

2. employing circulation air as claimed in claim 1 is that medium is prepared metallic particles and reclaims the device of heat, its feature It is: also include being arranged on the motlten metal injecting structure outside aerochamber (9) roof；

Described motlten metal injecting structure includes resistant to elevated temperatures container (2) and stopper (1)；

The bottom of described container (2) has through hole, and described through hole is coaxially disposed with motlten metal inlet；

Described stopper (1) is slidably matched by sealing with described.

3. employing circulation air as claimed in claim 2 is that medium is prepared metallic particles and reclaims the device of heat, its feature It is: the outlet of described metallic particles is loop configuration, and circumferentially disposed along aerochamber (9) diapire.

4. employing circulation air as claimed in claim 3 is that medium is prepared metallic particles and reclaims the device of heat, its feature It is: described first metallic particles catcher (10) is loop configuration, is arranged on the outside of aerochamber (9), and is positioned at aerochamber (9) bottom, the opening of the first metallic particles catcher (10) upper end is relative with the metallic particles outlet of aerochamber (9) bottom.

5. employing circulation air as claimed in claim 1 is that medium is prepared metallic particles and reclaims the device of heat, its feature It is: described rotating disk (4) is that top diameter is more than the horn-like structure of base diameter.

6. employing circulation air as claimed in claim 5 is that medium is prepared metallic particles and reclaims the device of heat, its feature It is: the outside of described rotating disk (4) bottom has a circle shirt rim, and shirt rim has multiple installing hole.

7. employing circulation air as claimed in claim 1 is that medium is prepared metallic particles and reclaims the device of heat, its feature It is: described rotation granulation system also includes that converter (13), described converter (13) are connected with driving motor (12), are used for controlling System drives the rotating speed of motor (12).

8. the preparation method of a metallic particles, it is characterised in that: using the employing circulation air described in claim 7 is medium Prepare metallic particles and reclaim the device of heat；

Concrete preparation process is as follows:

S1: start the driving motor (12) rotated in granulation system, adjusts the rotating speed of rotating disk (4) so that it is reach rotating speed of target；

S2: open air cooling system, open air nozzle (17), the air stream upwards that air nozzle (17) sprays；

S3: inject motlten metal in granulation system to rotating, motlten metal flows into rotating disk (4), starts granulation；

S4: the metallic particles that granulation is formed encounters the air-flow that nozzle (17) sprays in aerochamber (9), and metallic particles is sent out with air-flow Vividly can exchange with heat, the temperature of metallic particles drops to below bonding temp, falls behind aerochamber (9) bottom, by first Metallic particles catcher is collected；

S5: through the air of heat exchange, is introduced in cleaner unit (18) along the upper air outlet slit of aerochamber (9) and carries out dedusting, finally Arriving the catcher (19) of hot-air, catcher (19) be collected the air through heat exchange, the second metallic particles is collected The metallic particles that cleaner unit (18) obtains in dust removal process is collected by device.