CN106103444B - 杀微生物的杂二环衍生物 - Google Patents
杀微生物的杂二环衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106103444B CN106103444B CN201580011464.5A CN201580011464A CN106103444B CN 106103444 B CN106103444 B CN 106103444B CN 201580011464 A CN201580011464 A CN 201580011464A CN 106103444 B CN106103444 B CN 106103444B
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
披露了具有化学式(I)的化合物,其中Y‑X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、Ra以及n是如在权利要求1中所定义的。此外,本发明涉及包括具有化学式(I)的化合物的农用化学品组合物,涉及这些组合物的制备,并且涉及这些化合物或组合物在农业或园艺学中用于对抗、预防或控制致植物病的微生物、特别是真菌对植物、收获的粮食作物、种子或非生命材料的侵染的用途。
Description
本发明涉及杀微生物的杂二环衍生物,例如作为活性成分,该杂二环衍生物具有杀微生物活性、特别是杀真菌活性。本发明还涉及这些杂二环衍生物的制备,涉及在这些杂二环衍生物的制备中有用的中间体,涉及这些中间体的制备,涉及包括这些杂二环衍生物中至少之一的农用化学品组合物,涉及这些组合物的制备并且涉及这些杂二环衍生物或组合物在农业或园艺学中用于控制或防止植物、收获的粮食作物、种子或非生命材料被致植物病的微生物、特别是真菌侵染的用途。
在WO 05070917中说明了某些杀真菌的杂二环化合物。
现在已经出人意料地发现某些新颖的杂二环衍生物具有有利的杀真菌特性。
因此本发明提供了具有化学式I的化合物
其中
A1、A2、以及A3中每个独立地表示氮原子或CR7;
Y-X表示选自G1、G2、G3和G4的基团:
R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C3-C7环烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基,其中该烷基、环烷基、烯基以及炔基基团可任选地被1至3个独立地选自卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基以及苯氧基的取代基取代;或
R1和R2连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C3-C10环烷基基团(其可以任选地被1至3个取代基取代,这些取代基独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基以及苯氧基);
R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C3-C7环烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基,其中这些烷基、烷氧基、环烷基、烯基以及炔基基团可任选地被1至3个独立地选自卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基以及苯氧基的取代基取代;或
R3和R4连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C=O,C=CH2或C3-C10环烷基(该环烷基可以任选地被1至3个取代基取代,这些取代基独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基以及苯氧基);
R5是氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或羟基;
R6是氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或羟基;
每个R7独立地表示氢、氰基、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C3-C7环烷基、C2-C6炔基、或羟基;
每个R8独立地表示羟基、卤素、氰基、氨基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C3-C7环烷基、C2-C6烯氧基、C3-C6炔氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基羰基、NH(C1-C6烷基)、N(C1-C6烷基)2、CO2H、CO2(C1-C6烷基)、C(O)N(C1-C6烷基)2、C(O)NH(C1-C6烷基)、C(O)NH2、NH(C1-C6烷基羰基)、N(C1-C6烷基羰基)2、芳基、杂芳基、芳氧基或杂芳氧基,其中这些烷基、环烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基基团可任选地被1至3个取代基取代,这些取代基独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基以及苯氧基,并且这些芳基或杂芳基基团可任选地被1至5个取代基取代,这些取代基独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基(其本身可任选地被1至3个卤素原子取代)、C1-C6烷氧基、氨基(其本身可被1或2个独立地选自C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷基羰基的基团取代)、硝基、氰基、羟基、巯基以及C1-C6烷硫基;n是0、1、2、3或4;
Ra是氢、C1-C6烷基羰基或C1-C6烷基,其可任选地被1至3个取代基取代,这些取代基独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基以及苯氧基;或其盐或N-氧化物。
在一个第二方面,本发明提供了一种农用化学品组合物,该组合物包括一种具有化学式(I)的化合物。
具有化学式(I)的化合物可以被用于控制致植物病微生物。因此,为了控制植物病原菌,可以将根据本发明的一种具有化学式(I)的化合物、或包括一种具有化学式(I)的化合物的一种组合物直接施用到该植物病原菌、或植物病原菌的场所、特别是易受植物病原菌攻击的植物。
因此,在一个第三方面,本发明提供了如在此描述的一种具有化学式(I)的化合物、或包括一种具有化学式(I)的化合物的一种组合物用以控制植物病原菌的用途。
在一个另外的方面,本发明提供了一种控制植物病原菌的方法,该方法包括将如在此所描述的一种具有化学式(I)的化合物、或包括一种具有化学式(I)的化合物的一种组合物施用到所述植物病原菌、或所述植物病原菌的场所、特别是易受植物病原菌攻击的植物。
具有化学式(I)的化合物在控制致植物病的真菌上是特别有效的。
因此,在又另一个方面,本发明提供了如在此描述的一种具有化学式(I)的化合物、或包括一种具有化学式(I)的化合物的一种组合物用以控制致植物病的真菌的用途。
在一个另外的方面,本发明提供了一种控制致植物病的真菌的方法,该方法包括将如在此所描述的一种具有化学式(I)的化合物、或包括一种具有化学式(I)的化合物的一种组合物施用到所述致植物病的真菌、或所述致植物病的真菌的场所、特别是易受致植物病的真菌攻击的植物。
其中取代基被表示为可任选地经取代的,这意思是它们可以带有或可以不带有一个或多个相同的或不同的取代基,例如一至三个取代基。正常地,同时存在不多于三个这样的可任选的取代基。当一个基团被表示为被取代时,例如烷基,这包括是其他基团的一部分的那些基团,例如烷硫基中的烷基。
术语“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴或碘,优选是氟、氯或溴。
烷基取代基可以是直链的或者是支链的。取决于提到的碳原子的数量,烷基其本身或作为另一取代基的部分是例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、正戊基、正己基和它们的异构体,例如异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基或异戊基。
烯基取代基可以处于直链或支链的形式,并且这些烯基部分可以是(适当时)具有(E)-或(Z)-的构型。实例是乙烯基和烯丙基。这些烯基基团优选是C2-C6,更优选是C2-C4并且最优选是C2-C3烯基基团。
炔基取代基可以处于直链或支链的形式。实例是乙炔基和炔丙基。这些炔基基团优选是C2-C6,更优选是C2-C4并且最优选是C2-C3炔基基团。
卤代烷基基团可以含有一个或多个相同的或不同的卤素原子,并且例如可以代表CH2Cl、CHCl2、CCl3、CH2F、CHF2、CF3、CF3CH2、CH3CF2、CF3CF2或CCl3CCl2。
卤代烯基基团各自是被一个或多个相同或不同的卤素原子取代的烯基基团,并且是例如2,2-二氟乙烯基或1,2-二氯-2-氟-乙烯基。
卤代炔基基团各自是被一个或多个相同或不同的卤素原子取代的炔基基团,并且是例如1-氯-丙-2-炔基。
烷氧基指的是-OR基,其中R是例如如上定义的烷基。烷氧基基团包括但是不局限于,甲氧基、乙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、1-甲基丙氧基以及2-甲基丙氧基。
氰基指的是-CN基团。
氨基指的是NH2基团。
羟基(“Hydroxyl”或“hydroxy”)代表-OH基团。
芳基基团(单独地或作为一个更大基团的部分,例如像芳氧基、芳基-烷基)是芳香族环的形式,它们可以处于单、双或三环的形式。此类环的实例包括苯基、萘基、蒽基、茚基或菲基。优选的芳基基团是苯基与萘基,苯基是最优选的。在芳基部分被认为被取代的情况下,该芳基部分优选地被一至四个取代基取代,最优选地被一至三个取代基取代。
杂芳基基团(单独地或作为一个更大基团的部分,例如像杂芳氧基、杂芳基-烷基)是芳香族环系统,这些系统包括至少一个杂原子并且由单一的环或两个或更多个稠和的环组成。优选地,单环将包含多至三个杂原子并且双环系统包含多至四个杂原子,这些杂原子将优选地选自氮、氧以及硫。单环基团的实例包括吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、吡咯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、三唑基(例如,[1,2,4]三唑基)、呋喃基、苯硫基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噁二唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基以及噻二唑基。双环基团的实例包括嘌呤基、喹啉基、噌啉基、喹喔啉基、吲哚基、吲唑基、苯并咪唑基、苯并苯硫基以及苯并噻唑基。单环的杂芳基基团是优选的,吡啶基是最优选的。在杂芳基部分被认为被取代的情况下,该杂芳基部分优选地被一至四个取代基取代,最优选地被一至三个取代基取代。
杂环基基团或杂环(单独地或作为一个更大的基团的部分(例如杂环基-烷基)是非芳香族环结构,这些结构包含多达10个原子,这些原子包括一个或多个(优选一个、两个或三个)选自O、S和N的杂原子。单环基团的实例包括氧杂环丁烷基、4,5-二氢-异噁唑基、硫杂环丁烷基、吡咯烷基、四氢呋喃基、[1,3]二氧戊环基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、[1,4]二氧杂环己基、咪唑烷基、[1,3,5]噁二嗪烷基(oxadiazinanyl)、六氢-嘧啶基、[1,3,5]三嗪烷基(triazinanyl)以及吗啉基或其氧化的形式,例如1-氧代-硫杂环丁基以及1,1-二氧代-硫杂环丁基。双环基团的实例包括2,3-二氢-苯并呋喃基、苯并[1,4]二氧戊环基、苯并[1,3]二氧戊环基、色满基以及2,3-二氢-苯并[1,4]二噁英基。在杂环基部分被认为被取代的情况下,该杂环基部分优选地被一至四个取代基取代,最优选地被一至三个取代基取代。
在具有化学式I的化合物中一个或多个可能的不对称碳原子的存在表示这些化合物能以光学同分异构形式即对映异构体或非对映异构体的形式存在。作为围绕一个单键的受限的旋转的结果,还可能存在阻转异构体。化学式I旨在包括所有那些可能的同分异构形式以及它们的混合物。本发明包括针对具有化学式I的化合物的所有那些可能的同分异构形式及其混合物。同样地,化学式I旨在包括所有可能的互变异构体。本发明包括对于具有化学式I的化合物而言的所有可能的互变异构形式。
在每一情况下,根据本发明的具有化学式I的化合物是处于游离形式、被氧化的形式如N-氧化物、或盐的形式(例如农艺学上可用的盐的形式)。
N-氧化物是叔胺的氧化形式或含氮杂芳香族化合物的氧化形式。它们例如描述于A.Albini(A.阿尔贝尼)与S.Pietra(S.皮耶特拉)的书籍“Heterocyclic N-oxides(杂环的N-氧化物)”,CRC Press(CRC出版社),Boca Raton(布卡拉顿)1991中。
Y-X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、Ra以及n的优选值以其任何组合是如以下列出的:
优选地,A1、A2、以及A3中一个或多个表示CR7。
更优选地,A1、A2、以及A3中两个或更多个表示CR7。
甚至更优选地,A1是一个氮原子,并且A2和A3都表示CR7,或A2是一个氮原子并且A1和A3都表示CR7。
最优选地,A1、A2、以及A3全部都表示CR7。
优选地,每个R7独立地表示氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6炔基、或羟基。
更优选地,每个R7独立地表示氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、或羟基。
甚至更优选地,每个R7独立地表示氢、或卤素。
最优选地,每个R7独立地表示氢、氟、或氯,其中不多于一个R7基团是氟或氯。
优选地,Y-X是G1、G2或G4。
更优选地,Y-X是G1或G2。
最优选地,Y-X是G1。
优选地,R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C3-C7环烷基,其中该烷基和环烷基基团可任选地被独立地选自以下项的1至3个取代基取代:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、以及C1-C6烷硫基;或R1和R2连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C3-C6环烷基基团。
更优选地,R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基,其中该烷基基团可任选地被独立地选自以下项的1至3个取代基取代:卤素、以及C1-C6烷氧基;或R1和R2连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C3-C6环烷基基团。
甚至更优选地,R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基;或R1和R2与它们附接的碳原子一起表示一个环丙基基团。
最优选地,R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C2烷基。
优选地,R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自以下项的1至3个取代基取代:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、以及C1-C6烷硫基;或R3和R4连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C=O、或C3-C7环烷基(该环烷基可任选地被1至3个独立地选自卤素的取代基取代)。
更优选地,R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基;或R3和R4与它们附接的碳原子一起表示C=O、或环丙基。
甚至更优选地,R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、氟、或甲基;或R3和R4与它们附接的碳原子一起表示C=O。
最优选地,R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、氟、或甲基。
优选地,R5是氢、卤素、或C1-C6烷基。
更优选地,R5是氢、或卤素。
甚至更优选地,R5是氢、氯、或氟。
最优选地,R5是氢。
优选地,R6是氢、卤素、或C1-C6烷基;
更优选地,R6是氢、或C1-C6烷基。
甚至更优选地,R6是氢、或甲基。
最优选地,R6是氢。
优选地,每个R8独立地表示羟基、卤素、氰基、氨基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C3-C7环烷基、C2-C6烯氧基、C3-C6炔氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基羰基、苯基、杂芳基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基、噻唑基、咪唑基、或噁唑基)、苯氧基或杂芳氧基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基、噻唑基、咪唑基、或噁唑基),其中该烷基、环烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基,并且该苯基、苯氧基和杂芳基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至5个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基(其本身可任选地被1至3个卤素原子取代)、或C1-C6烷氧基;n是0、1、2、或3。
更优选地,每个R8独立地表示卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、苯基、杂芳基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基或噻唑基)、苯氧基或杂芳氧基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基或噻唑基),其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素,并且该苯基、苯氧基和杂芳基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1或2个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、或C1-C3烷基(其本身可任选地被1至3个卤素原子取代);n是0、1、或2。
甚至更优选地,每个R8独立地表示氟、氯、溴、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、苯基、吡啶基、苯氧基或吡啶基氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素,并且该苯基和吡啶基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1或2个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素;n是0、1、或2。
最优选地,每个R8独立地表示氟、氯、溴、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素;n是0、或1,最优选0。
优选地,Ra是氢、或C1-C6烷基。
最优选地,Ra是氢、或C1-C2烷基。
根据本发明的实施例被提供为如下所列出的。
实施例1提供了具有化学式I的化合物、以及其盐或N-氧化物,如以上所定义的。
实施例2提供了根据实施例1的化合物,其中A1、A2、以及A3中一个或多个表示CR7。
实施例3提供了根据实施例1或2的化合物,其中每个R7独立地表示氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6炔基、或羟基。
实施例4提供了根据实施例1、2或3中任一项的化合物,其中Y-X是G1、G2或G4。
实施例5提供了根据实施例1、2、3或4中任一项的化合物,其中R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C3-C7环烷基,其中该烷基和环烷基基团可任选地被独立地选自以下项的1至3个取代基取代:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、以及C1-C6烷硫基;或R1和R2连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C3-C6环烷基基团。
实施例6提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、或5中任一项的化合物,其中R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自以下项的1至3个取代基取代:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、以及C1-C6烷硫基;或R3和R4连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C=O、或C3-C7环烷基(该环烷基可任选地被1至3个独立地选自卤素的取代基取代)。
实施例7提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、或6中任一项的化合物,其中R5是氢、卤素、或C1-C6烷基。
实施例8提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、或7中任一项的化合物,其中R6是氢、卤素、或C1-C6烷基。
实施例9提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、或8中任一项的化合物,其中每个R8独立地表示羟基、卤素、氰基、氨基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C3-C7环烷基、C2-C6烯氧基、C3-C6炔氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基羰基、苯基、杂芳基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基、噻唑基、咪唑基、或噁唑基)、苯氧基或杂芳氧基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基、噻唑基、咪唑基、或噁唑基),其中该烷基、环烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基,并且该苯基、苯氧基和杂芳基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至5个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基(其本身可任选地被1至3个卤素原子取代)、或C1-C6烷氧基;n是0、1、2、或3。
实施例10提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、或9中任一项的化合物,其中当Y-X是G2时,Ra是氢或C1-C6烷基。
实施例11提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10中任一项的化合物,其中A1、A2、以及A3中两个或更多个表示CR7。
实施例12提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10或11中任一项的化合物,其中每个R7独立地表示氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、或羟基。
实施例13提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12中任一项的化合物,其中Y-X是G1或G2。
实施例14提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12或13中任一项的化合物,其中R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基,其中该烷基基团可任选地被独立地选自以下项的1至3个取代基取代:卤素、以及C1-C6烷氧基;或R1和R2连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C3-C6环烷基基团。
实施例15提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13或14中任一项的化合物,其中R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基;或R3和R4连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C=O、或环丙基。
实施例16提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14或15中任一项的化合物,其中R5是氢、或卤素。
实施例17提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15或16中任一项的化合物,其中R6是氢、或C1-C6烷基。
实施例18提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16或17中任一项的化合物,其中每个R8独立地表示卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、苯基、杂芳基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基或噻唑基)、苯氧基或杂芳氧基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基或噻唑基),其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素,并且该苯基、苯氧基和杂芳基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1或2个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、或C1-C3烷基(其本身可任选地被1至3个卤素原子取代);n是0、1、或2。
实施例19提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17或18中任一项的化合物,其中当Y-X是G2时,Ra是氢或C1-C2烷基。
实施例20提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18或19中任一项的化合物,其中A1是一个氮原子,并且A2和A3都表示CR7,或A2是一个氮原子并且A1和A3都表示CR7。
实施例21提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19或20中任一项的化合物,其中每个R7独立地表示氢、或卤素。
实施例22提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20或21中任一项的化合物,其中R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基;或R1和R2连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示环丙基基团。
实施例23提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21或22中任一项的化合物,其中R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、氟、或甲基;或R3和R4连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C=O。
实施例24提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22或23中任一项的化合物,其中R5是氢、氯、或氟。
实施例25提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23或24中任一项的化合物,其中R6是氢、或甲基。
实施例26提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24或25中任一项的化合物,其中每个R8独立地表示氟、氯、溴、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、苯基、吡啶基、苯氧基或吡啶基氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素,并且该苯基和吡啶基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1或2个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素;n是0、1、或2。
实施例27提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25或26中任一项的化合物,其中A1、A2、以及A3全部都表示CR7。
实施例28提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26或27中任一项的化合物,其中每个R7独立地表示氢、氟、或氯,其中不超过一个R7基团是氟或氯。
实施例29提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27或28中任一项的化合物,其中Y-X是G1。
实施例30提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28或29中任一项的化合物,其中R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C2烷基。
实施例31提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29或30中任一项的化合物,其中R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、氟、或甲基。
实施例32提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30或31中任一项的化合物,其中R5是氢。
实施例33提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31或32中任一项的化合物,其中R6是氢。
实施例34提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32或33中任一项的化合物,其中每个R8独立地表示氟、氯、溴、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素;n是0、或1,最优选地是0。
根据本发明的一个优选的组的化合物是具有化学式I-1的那些:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对具有化学式I的化合物所定义的,或其一种盐或N-氧化物。R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n的优选定义是如针对具有化学式I的化合物所定义的。
根据本发明的另一个优选的组的化合物是具有化学式I-2的那些:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、Ra以及n是如对于具有化学式I的化合物、或其盐或N-氧化物所定义的。R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、Ra以及n的优选定义是如对于具有化学式I的化合物所定义的。
根据本发明的化合物的另一个优选的组是具有化学式I-3的那些:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如对于具有化学式I的化合物、或其盐或N-氧化物所定义的。R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n的优选定义是如对于具有化学式I的化合物所定义的。
根据本发明的化合物的另一个优选的组是具有化学式I-4的那些:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如对于具有化学式I的化合物、或其盐或N-氧化物所定义的。R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n的优选定义是如对于具有化学式I的化合物所定义的。
根据本发明的化合物的另一个优选的组是具有化学式I-5的那些:
其中Y-X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、以及n是如对于具有化学式I的化合物、或其盐或N-氧化物所定义的。Y-X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、以及n的优选定义是如对于具有化学式I的化合物所定义的。
根据本发明的化合物的另一个优选的组是具有化学式I-6的那些:
其中Y-X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、以及n是如对于具有化学式I的化合物、或其盐或N-氧化物所定义的。Y-X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、以及n的优选定义是如对于具有化学式I的化合物所定义的。
根据本发明的化合物的另一个优选的组是具有化学式I-7的那些:
其中Y-X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、以及n是如对于具有化学式I的化合物、或其盐或N-氧化物所定义的。Y-X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、以及n的优选定义是如对于具有化学式I的化合物所定义的。
根据本发明的化合物的另一个优选的组是具有化学式I-8的那些:
其中Y-X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、以及n是如对于具有化学式I的化合物、或其盐或N-氧化物所定义的。Y-X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、以及n的优选定义是如对于具有化学式I的化合物所定义的。
根据本发明的另外一个优选的组的化合物是具有化学式I-9的那些,它们是具有化学式I的化合物,其中A1、A2、以及A3中一个或多个表示CR7;每个R7独立地表示氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6炔基、或羟基;Y-X是G1、G2或G4;R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C3-C7环烷基,其中该烷基和环烷基基团可任选地被独立地选自以下项的1至3个取代基取代:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、以及C1-C6烷硫基;或R1和R2连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C3-C6环烷基基团;R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自以下项的1至3个取代基取代:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、以及C1-C6烷硫基;或R3和R4与它们附接的碳原子一起表示C=O、或C3-C7环烷基(其可任选地被独立地选自以下项的1至3个取代基取代:卤素);R5是氢、卤素、或C1-C6烷基;R6是氢、卤素、或C1-C6烷基;每个R8独立地表示羟基、卤素、氰基、氨基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C3-C7环烷基、C2-C6烯氧基、C3-C6炔氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基羰基、苯基、杂芳基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基、噻唑基、咪唑基、或噁唑基)、苯氧基或杂芳氧基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、硫基苯基、噻唑基、咪唑基、或噁唑基),其中该烷基、环烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基,并且该苯基、苯氧基和杂芳基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至5个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基(其本身可任选地被1至3个卤素原子取代)、或C1-C6烷氧基;n是0、1、2、或3;并且Ra是氢、或C1-C6烷基;或其盐或N-氧化物。
根据本发明的另外一个优选的组的化合物是具有化学式I-10的那些,它们是具有化学式I的化合物,其中A1、A2、以及A3中一个或更多个表示CR7;每个R7独立地表示氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、或羟基;Y-X是G1或G2;R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基,其中该烷基可任选地被1至3个独立地选自卤素、和C1-C6烷氧基的取代基取代;或R1和R2连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C3-C6环烷基基团;R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基;或R3和R4连同它们所附接的碳原子一起表示C=O、或环丙基;R5是氢、或卤素;R6是氢、或C1-C6烷基;每个R8独立地表示卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、苯基、杂芳基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、苯硫基或噻唑基)、苯氧基或杂芳氧基(其中杂芳基是吡啶基、苯硫基或噻唑基),其中这些烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被1至3个取代基取代,这些取代基独立地选自由卤素组成组,并且这些苯基、苯氧基以及杂芳基基团可任选地被1或2个取代基取代,这些取代基独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、或C1-C3烷基(其本身可任选地被1至3个卤素原子取代);n是0、1、或2;并且Ra是氢、或C1-C2烷基;或其盐或N-氧化物。
根据本发明的另外一个优选的组的化合物是具有化学式I-11的那些,它们是具有化学式I的化合物,其中A1是一个氮原子并且A2和A3都表示CR7,或A2是一个氮原子并且A1和A3都表示CR7。每个R7独立地表示氢、或卤素;Y-X是G1或G2;R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基;或R1和R2与它们附接的碳原子一起表示一个环丙基基团;R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、氟、或甲基;或R3和R4与它们附接的碳原子一起表示C=O;R5是氢、氯、或氟;R6是氢、或甲基;每个R8独立地表示氟、氯、溴、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、苯基、吡啶基、苯氧基或吡啶基氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素,并且该苯基和吡啶基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1或2个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素;n是0、1、或2;并且Ra是氢、或C1-C2烷基;或其盐或N-氧化物。
根据本发明的另外一个优选的组的化合物是具有化学式I-11的那些,它们是具有化学式I的化合物,其中A1、A2、以及A3全部都表示CR7;每个R7独立地表示氢、氟、或氯,其中不超过一个R7基团是氟或氯;Y-X是G1;R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C2烷基;R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、氟、或甲基;R5是氢;R6是氢;每个R8独立地表示氟、氯、溴、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素;n是0、或1,最优选0;或其盐或N-氧化物。
根据本发明的化合物可以具有任何数量的益处,尤其包括针对保护植物对抗由真菌引起的疾病的有利水平的生物活性或对于用作农用化学品活性成分的优越特性(例如,更高的生物活性、有利的活性谱、增加的安全性、改进的物理-化学特性、或增加的生物可降解性)。
在下表A1至A27、B1至B12、C1至C12以及D1至D5中示意了具有化学式I的化合物的具体实例:
表A1提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物
其中R6、R7a和R7c全部是H
并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在下表Z中所定义的:
表Z
表A2提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R7a、R7c是H,R6是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A3提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R7a、R7c是H,R6是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A4提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R7a、R7c是H,R6是氯并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A5提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R7a、R7c是H,R6是甲氧基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A6提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7a是H,R7c是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A7提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7a是H,R7c是羟基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A8提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7a是H,R7c是氯并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A9提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7a是H,R7c是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A10提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A11提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A12提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是氯并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A13提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是溴并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A14提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是氰基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A15提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是羟基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A16提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是甲氧基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A17提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是二氟甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
表A18提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是乙炔基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A19提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是三氟甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
表A20提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7a是环丙基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A21提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6是H,R7c是氟,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A22提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6是H,R7c是羟基,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A23提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6是H,R7c是甲基,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A24提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6全部是H,R7c是溴,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
表A25提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6全部是H,R7c是氯,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
表A26提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6是甲氧基,R7c是H,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表A27提供了232种具有化学式Ia的化合物,其中R6是甲基,R7c是H,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
表B1披露了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物
其中R6、R7a以及R7b是H
并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B2提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中其中R7a、R7b是H,R6是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B3提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R7a、R7b是H,R6是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B4提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R7a、R7b是H,R6是氯并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B5提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R7a、R7b是H,R6是甲氧基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B6提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R6、R7b是H,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B7提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R6、R7b是H,R7a是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B8提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R6、R7b是H,R7a是甲氧基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B9提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R6、R7b是H,R7a是氯并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B10提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R6是甲基,R7b是H,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B11提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R6是H,R7b是甲基,R7a是H并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表B12提供了232种具有化学式Ib的化合物,其中R6是H,R7b是甲基,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C1披露了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物
其中R6、R7a、R7c都是H
并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C2提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7a、R7c是H,R6是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C3提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7a、R7c是H,R6是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C4提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7a、R7c是H,R6是氯并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C5提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7a、R7c是H,R6是甲氧基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
表C6提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7a、R6是H,R7c是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C7提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7a、R6是H,R7c是羟基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C8提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7c、R6是H,R7a是氟并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C9提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7c、R6是H,R7a是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C10提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7c、R6是H,R7a是甲氧基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C11提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7c、R6是H,R7a是氯并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表C12提供了232种具有化学式Ic的化合物,其中R7c是H,R6是甲基,R7a是氟,并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表D1披露了232种具有化学式Id的化合物
其中R6、R7b、R7c全部是H
并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如在上表Z中所定义的。
表D2提供了232种具有化学式Id的化合物,其中R6是甲基,R7b、R7c是H并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
表D3提供了232种具有化学式Id的化合物,其中R6、R7b是H,R7c是羟基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
表D4提供了232种具有化学式Id的化合物,其中R6、R7b是H,R7c是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
表D5提供了232种具有化学式Id的化合物,其中R6、R7c是H,R7b是甲基并且其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及基团Y-X的值是如以上表Z中所定义的。
本发明的化合物可以如在以下方案中所述来制备,其中(除非另外说明)每一变量的定义是如以上针对具有化学式(I)的化合物所定义的。
具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在酸性条件下(例如用硫酸、三氟乙酸或三氟甲磺酸实现)用一种具有化学式III的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)转化一种具有化学式II的化合物(其中R5、R6、A1、A2以及A3是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案1中。
方案1
具有化学式II的化合物(其中R5、R6、A1、A2以及A3是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在酸性条件下(例如用盐酸实现)用一种具有化学式V的化合物(其中R5和R6是如针对化学式I所定义的,并且R9是C1-C6烷基)转化一种具有化学式IV的化合物(其是可商购的或可容易地通过多种已知方法获得,其中A1、A2以及A3是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案2中。
方案2
可替代地,具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在铃木-宫浦(Suzuki-Miyaura)反应的条件下用一种具有化学式VII的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的,并且Hal是卤素,优选氯或溴)转化一种具有化学式VI的化合物(其中R5、R6、A1、A2以及A3是如针对化学式I所定义的,并且R10是羟基或两个R10连同中间的硼原子一起形成一个五元或六元饱和杂环)来获得。这示出于方案3中。
方案3
具有化学式VII的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的,并且Hal是卤素,优选氯或溴)可以通过用一种卤化试剂(诸如氧氯化磷氧溴化磷、亚硫酰氯、亚硫酰溴或维尔斯梅尔(Vilsmeier)试剂)转化一种具有化学式VIII的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案4中。
方案4
具有化学式VIII的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过用乙酸中的乙酸钠转化一种具有化学式IX的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的,并且R9是C1-C6烷基)来获得。这示出于方案5中。
方案5
具有化学式IX的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的,并且R9是C1-C6烷基)可以通过在酸性条件下(例如用硫酸实现)用一种C1-C6硫氰酸烷基酯转化一种具有化学式III的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案6中。
方案6
可替代地,具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如对于化学式I所定义的)可以通过在施蒂勒(Stille)反应的条件下用一种具有化学式VII的化合物(其中其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的,并且Hal是卤素,优选氯或溴)转化一种具有化学式X的化合物(其中R5、R6、A1、A2以及A3是如对于化学式I所定义的并且R9是C1-C6烷基)来获得。这示出于方案7中。
方案7
可替代地,具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在酸性条件下(例如用盐酸实现)用一种具有化学式XI的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)转化一种具有化学式IV的化合物(其中A1、A2以及A3是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案8中。
方案8
具有化学式XI的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在水性或碱性条件下转化一种具有化学式XII的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的,R9是C1-C6烷基,并且Hal是卤素,优选氯或溴)来获得。这示出于方案9中。
方案9
具有化学式XII的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的,R9是C1-C6烷基,并且Hal是卤素,优选氯或溴)可以通过用氧卤化磷(诸如氧氯化磷或氧溴化磷)以及一种N,N-二(C1-C6烷基)甲酰胺转化一种具有化学式XIII的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的,R9是C1-C6烷基,并且Hal是卤素,优选氯或溴)来获得。这示出于方案10中。
方案10
具有化学式XIII的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在酸性条件下(例如用硫酸实现)用乙腈转化一种具有化学式III的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R8以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案11中。
方案11
具有化学式I-2的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在还原反应条件下(例如用氢以及一种催化剂实现)转化一种具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这是在方案12中所示的。化合物I-2中的四氢异喹啉的环氮可通过与一种C1-C6烷基卤化物以及一种碱反应而被烷基化(Ra=C1-C6烷基)、或通过用一种C1-C6烷基羰基卤化物以及一种碱转化而被酰化(Ra=C1-C6烷基羰基)。
方案12
具有化学式I-3的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在氧化反应条件下(例如用间氯过氧苯甲酸实现)转化一种具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这是在方案13中所示的。
方案13
具有化学式I-4的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在氧化反应条件下(例如用甲基三氧化铼以及尿素过氧化氢实现)转化一种具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这是在方案14中所示的。
方案14
可替代地,具有化学式I-4的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过在酸性条件下(例如用甲磺酸实现)转化一种具有化学式I-3的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3、以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案15中。
方案15
具有化学式I-1a的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、以及n是如对于化学式I所定义的,A2和A3是CH,并且A1是CR7)可以根据方案1、起始于化合物(IIa)(其中R5、R6、R7是如对于化学式I所定义的,A2和A3是CH,并且A1是CR7)来获得。这示出于方案16中。
方案16
具有化学式(IIa)的化合物(其中R5、R6、R7是如对于化学式I所定义的,A2和A3是CH,并且A1是CR7)可以通过在加热条件下(例如80℃以上)、在铜盐(例如CuBr)和碱(例如三乙胺或1,8-二氮杂二环十一-7-烯)存在下转化具有化学式(XIV)的化合物(其中R5、R6、R7是如对于化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案17中。
方案17
可替代地,具有化学式(IIa)的化合物(其中R5、R6、R7是如对于化学式I所定义的,A2和A3是CH,并且A1是CR7)可以通过在催化剂(例如PdCl2(dppf))和氰化物源(例如Zn(CN)2)的存在下转化具有化学式(XV)的化合物(其中Hal是卤素,R5、R6、R7是如对于化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案18中。
方案18
具有化学式(XV)的化合物(其中R5、R6、R7是如对于化学式I所定义的,并且Hal是卤素),可以通过在加热条件下(例如80℃以上)、在铜盐(例如CuBr)和碱(例如三乙胺或1,8-二氮杂二环十一-7-烯)存在下转化具有化学式(XVI)的化合物(其中R5、R6、R7是如对于化学式I所定义的,并且Hal是卤素)来获得。这示出于方案19中。
方案19
化合物(XIV)和(XVI)是已知的或可以通过本领域已知的方法、起始于已知的化合物进行制备。
具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R3和R4是氟,并且R1、R2、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过用一种氟化剂(诸如二乙氨基三氟化硫(DAST)或2,2-二氟-1,3-二甲基-咪唑烷(DFI))转化一种具有化学式XVII的化合物(其中R3和R4与它们附接的碳原子一起表示C=O,并且R1、R2、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案20中。
方案20
具有化学式XVII的化合物(其中R3和R4与它们附接的碳原子一起表示C=O,并且R1、R2、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过用一种氧化剂(诸如1,1,1-三乙酰氧基-1,1-二氢-1,2-苯碘酰-3(1H)-酮(戴斯-马丁高碘烷(Dess-Martinperiodinane))或使用草酰氯、二甲亚砜(DMSO)以及一种有机碱(诸如三乙胺(斯文氧化(Swern oxidation))转化一种具有化学式XVIII的化合物(其中R3是氢,并且R4是羟基,并且R1、R2、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案21中。
方案21
具有化学式XVIII的化合物(其中R3是氢并且R4是羟基,并且R1、R2、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如对于化学式I所定义的)可以通过在水解条件下(如加热有机溶剂(如四氢呋喃或1,4-二噁烷)和水的混合物)、在无机酸(如盐酸)或无机碱(如碳酸氢钠)存在或不存在下转化具有化学式XIX的化合物(其中R3是氢并且R4是溴,并且R1、R2、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如对于化学式I所定义的)来获得。这示出于方案22中。
方案22
具有化学式XIX的化合物(其中R3是氢并且R4是溴,并且R1、R2、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如对于化学式I所定义的)可以通过具有化学式XX的化合物(其中R3和R4是氢并且R1、R2、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如对于化学式I所定义的)与溴化剂(如N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(NBS)或1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲)在自由基引发剂(如偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN))存在下进行转化来获得。这示出于方案23中。
方案23
这些具有化学式XX的化合物可以根据方案1中描述的方法来获得。
可替代地,具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如对于化学式I所定义的)可以通过在碱存在或不存在下、并且在偶联试剂和金属催化剂存在下转化具有化学式XXI的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、A1、A2、A3以及n是如对于化学式I所定义的并且Z表示溶剂中的溴或碘)来获得。针对偶联剂、催化剂、溶剂和碱不存在特别的限制,只要是在普通偶联反应中使用的,例如在“交叉偶联反应:实用指南(当代化学专题)(Cross-Coupling Reactions:A Practical Guide(Topics in Current Chemistry))”,诺里奥宫浦(Norio Miyaur)和S.L布赫瓦尔德(Buchwald)编辑(施普林格版本),或“金属催化的交叉偶联反应(Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions)”,阿明德弗里斯(Arminde Meijere)和弗朗索瓦德里奇( Diederich)编辑(WILEY-VCH版本)中所描述的那些。这是在方案24中所示的。
方案24
此外,某些具有化学式I-1的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R8、A1、A2、A3以及n是如针对化学式I所定义的)可以通过使用本领域的普通技术人员已知的标准合成技术转化另一种密切相关的具有化学式I-1的化合物来获得。非详尽实例包括氧化反应、还原反应、水解反应、偶联反应、芳香族亲核或亲电子取代反应、亲核取代反应、亲核加成反应、以及卤化反应。
以上方案中所述的某些中间体是新颖的并且如此形成本发明的另一个方面。
可以在农业部门和相关领域中使用具有化学式I的化合物,用作例如用于控制植物有害生物的活性成分,或者在用于控制腐败微生物或对人潜在有害的有机体的非生命材料上使用。这些新颖的化合物区别在于在低比率应用下优异的活性、良好的植物耐受性并且是环境安全的。它们具有非常有用的治疗、预防以及系统特性并且可以被用于保护许多栽培植物。具有化学式I的化合物可以用于抑制或破坏在多种不同的有用植物作物的植物或植物部分(果实、花、叶子、茎、块茎、根)上发生的有害生物,同时还保护了例如稍后生长的那些植物部分免于致植物病的微生物。
还可能使用具有化学式I的化合物作为杀真菌剂。如本文中使用的,术语“杀真菌剂”是指控制、修饰或防止真菌生长的化合物。术语“杀真菌有效量”意指能够产生对真菌生长的影响的这样一种化合物或此类化合物的组合的量。控制或修饰的影响包括所有从自然发展的偏离,例如杀死、阻滞等,并且防止包括在植物内或上面防止真菌感染的屏障或其他防御构造。
还有可能使用具有化学式I的化合物作为用于处理植物繁殖材料,例如种子(例如果实、块茎或谷粒)或植物插条(例如稻)的拌种剂(dressing agent),用于保护对抗真菌侵染连同对抗在土壤中存在的致植物病的真菌。可以在种植之前将繁殖材料用包括具有化学式I的化合物的组合物处理,例如可以在播种之前敷裹种子。还可以通过在液体配制品中浸渍种子或通过用一种固体配制品包衣它们,从而将具有化学式I的化合物施用至谷物(包衣)。还可以在种植该繁殖材料时,将该组合物施用至种植位点,例如在播种期间施用至种子的犁沟。本发明还涉及处理植物繁殖材料的这样的方法,并且涉及如此处理的植物繁殖材料。
此外,根据本发明这些化合物可以用于控制相关领域的真菌,这些领域是例如在工业材料(包括木材以及与木材有关的工业产品)的保护中、在食品存储中、在卫生管理中。
此外,本发明还可以用于保护非生命材料(例如木料、墙板和涂料)免受真菌攻击。
具有化学式I的化合物和含有它们的杀真菌组合物可以用于控制由广谱的真菌植物病原体引起的植物疾病。它们有效于控制广谱的植物疾病,如观赏植物、草皮、蔬菜、大田、谷类、以及水果作物的叶病原体。
可以被控制的这些疾病的真菌和真菌载体连同致植物病细菌和病毒是例如:
伞枝梨头霉、链格孢属、丝囊霉属、壳二孢属、曲霉属(包括黄曲霉、烟曲霉、构巢曲霉、黑曲霉、土曲霉)、短梗霉属(包括出芽短梗霉(A.pullulans))、皮炎芽生菌、小麦白粉病菌、莴苣盘梗霉(Bremia lactucae)、葡萄座腔菌属(包括葡萄溃疡病菌(B.dothidea)、树花地衣葡萄座腔菌(B.obtusa))、葡萄孢属(包括灰葡萄孢(B.cinerea))、假丝酵母属(包括白色念珠菌、光滑球念珠菌(C.glabrata)、克鲁斯念珠菌(C.krusei)、萄牙念珠菌(C.lusitaniae)、近平滑念珠菌(C.parapsilosis)、热带念珠菌(C.tropicalis))、Cephaloascus fragrans、长喙壳属、尾孢属(包括褐斑病菌(C.arachidicola))、晚斑病菌(Cercosporidium personatum)、枝孢霉属、麦角菌、
粗球孢子菌、旋孢腔菌属、炭疽菌属(包括香蕉炭疽病菌(C.musae))、
新型隐球菌、间座壳属(Diaporthe spp)、亚隔孢壳属、内脐蠕孢属、痂囊腔菌属、
表皮癣菌属、梨火疫病菌、白粉菌属(包括菊科白粉菌(E.cichoracearum))、
葡萄顶枯病菌(Eutypa lata)、镰刀菌属(包括大刀镰刀菌、禾谷镰刀菌、F.镰刀菌、串珠镰刀菌、胶孢镰刀菌、茄病镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、层出镰刀菌)、小麦全蚀病菌(Gaeumannomyces graminis)、藤仓赤霉菌(Gibberella fujikuroi)、煤烟病菌(Gloeodespomigena)、香蕉炭疽盘长孢菌(Gloeosporium mmusarum),苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerellacingulate)、葡萄球座菌(Guignardia bidwellii)、植物受桧胶锈菌(Gymnosporangiumjuniperi-virginianae)、长蠕孢属、驼孢锈菌属、组织胞浆菌属(包括荚膜组织胞浆菌(H.capsulatum))、红线病菌、Leptographium lindbergi、辣椒白粉病菌(Leveillulataurica)、松针散盘壳(Lophodermium seditiosum)、雪霉叶枯菌(Microdochium nivale)、小孢子菌属、链核盘菌属、毛霉属、球腔菌属(包括禾生球腔菌、苹果黑点病菌(M.pomi))、树梢枯病菌、云杉病菌、副球孢子菌属、青霉属(包括指状青霉、意大利青霉)、霉样真霉属、指霜霉属(包括玉蜀黍指霜霉、菲律宾霜指霉、高粱指霜霉)、霜霉属、颖枯壳针孢、豆薯层锈菌、桑黄火木针层孔菌(Phellinu igniarus)、瓶霉蚁属、茎点霉属、葡萄生拟茎点菌(Phomopsis viticola)、疫霉菌属(包括致病疫霉菌)、单轴霉属(包括霍尔斯单轴霉菌、葡萄霜霉病菌(P.viticola))、格孢腔菌属、叉丝单囊壳属(包括白叉丝单囊壳(P.leucotricha))、禾谷多粘菌(Polymyxa graminis)、甜菜多粘菌(Polymyxa betae)、小麦基腐病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides)、假单胞菌属、霜霉属属(包括大麦柄锈菌(P.hordei)、小麦叶锈病菌(P.recondita)、条形柄锈菌(P.Striiformis)、小麦褐锈菌(P.triticina))、埋核盘菌属、核腔菌属、梨孢属(包括稻瘟病菌(P.oryzae))、腐霉属(包括终极腐霉菌)、柱隔孢属、丝核菌属、微小根毛霉(Rhizomucor pusillus)、少根根霉、喙孢属、丝孢菌属(包括尖端赛多孢子菌和多育赛多孢子菌)、煤点病(Schizothyrium pomi)、
核盘菌属、小核菌属、壳针孢属(包括颖枯壳针孢(S.nodorum)、小麦壳针孢(S.tritici))、草莓白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca macularis)、棕丝单囊壳(Sphaerothecafusca)(黄瓜白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea))、孢子丝菌属(Sporothorix)、颖枯壳多孢(Stagonospora nodorum)、匍柄霉属(Stemphylium)、毛韧革菌(Stereum hirsutum)、水稻枯纹病菌(Thanatephorus cucumeris)、根串珠霉(Thielaviopsis basicola)、腥黑粉菌属、木霉属(包括哈茨木霉)、拟康氏木霉、绿色木霉)、
毛癣菌属、核瑚菌属、葡萄钩丝壳、条黑粉菌属(Urocystis)、黑粉菌属(Ustilago)、黑星菌属(包括苹果黑星菌(V.inaequalis))、轮枝孢属、以及黄单胞菌属。
具体地,具有化学式I的化合物和含有它们的杀真菌组合物可以用于控制由担子菌纲、子嚢菌纲、卵菌纲和/或半知菌纲、Blasocladiomycete、壶菌纲、球囊菌纲(Glomeromycete)和/或粒毛盘菌纲(Mucoromycete)中的广谱的真菌植物病原体引起的植物疾病。
这些病原体可以包括:
卵菌纲,包括疫霉病,如由辣椒疫霉菌、致病疫霉菌、大豆疫霉菌、草莓疫莓菌(Phytophthora fragariae)、烟草疫霉菌(Phytophthora nicotianae)、樟疫霉(Phytophthora cinnamomi)、柑橘生疫霉(Phytophthora citricola)、柑桔褐腐疫霉(Phytophthora citrophthora)和马铃薯绯腐病菌(Phytophthora erythroseptica)引起的那些;腐霉病,例如由瓜果腐霉菌、强雄腐霉菌(Pythium arrhenomanes)、禾草腐霉菌、畸雌腐霉菌(Pythium irregulare)和终极腐霉菌引起的那些;由霜霉目诸如大葱霜霉菌(Peronospora destructor)、白菜霜霉菌、葡萄霜霉菌、向日葵霜霉菌、黄瓜霜霉菌、白锈菌(Albugo Candida)、水稻霜霉病和莴苣霜霉菌引起的疾病;以及其他,例如螺壳状丝囊霉、Labyrinthula zosterae、高梁霜指霉(Peronosclerospora sorghi)和禾生指梗霉(Sclerospora graminicola)引起的疾病。
子囊菌纲,包括斑纹病、斑点病、瘟病或疫病和/或腐病,例如由如下引起的那些:格孢菌目诸如大蒜白斑病菌(Stemphylium solani)、Stagonospora tainanensis、Spilocaea oleaginea、玉米大斑病菌(Setosphaeria turcica)、Pyrenochaetalycoperisici、枯叶格孢腔菌、实腐茎点霉(Phoma destructiva)、Phaeosphaeriaherpotrichoides、Phaeocryptocus gaeumannii、Ophiosphaerella graminicola、小麦全蚀病菌(Ophiobolus graminis)、十字花科小球腔菌(Leptosphaeria maculans)、软腐病菌(Hendersonia creberrima)、壳针孢叶枯病菌(Helminthosporium triticirepentis)、玉米大斑病菌(Setosphaeria turcica)、大豆内脐蠕孢(Drechslera glycines)、西瓜蔓枯病菌(Didymella bryoniae)、Cycloconium oleagineum、多主棒孢菌、禾旋孢腔菌、火龙果黑斑病菌(Bipolaris cactivora)、苹果黑星病菌、圆核腔菌、燕麦草核腔菌(Pyrenophoratritici-repentis)、互隔链格孢菌、芸苔链格孢菌(Alternaria brassicicola)、茄链格孢菌和西红柿链格孢菌(Alternaria tomatophila),煤炱目(Capnodiales)诸如小麦壳针孢、颖枯壳针孢、大豆壳针孢(Septoria glycines)、花生褐斑病菌(Cercosporaarachidicola)、大豆灰斑病菌、玉米灰斑病菌、荠白斑病菌(Cercosporella capsellae)以及麦叶白霉(Cercosporella herpotrichoides)、桃疮痂病菌(Cladosporiumcarpophilum)、散生枝孢(Cladosporium effusum)、褐孢霉(Passalora fulva)、尖孢枝孢(Cladosporium oxysporum)、Dothistroma septosporum、葡萄褐斑病菌(Isariopsisclavispora)、香蕉黑条叶斑病菌、禾生球腔菌(Mycosphaerella graminicola)、Mycovellosiella koepkeii、Phaeoisariopsis bataticola、葡萄褐斑病菌(Pseudocercospora vitis)、小麦基腐病菌、甜菜叶斑病菌、柱隔孢叶斑病菌(Ramulariacollo-cygni),粪壳菌目诸如燕麦全蚀病菌、稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe grisea)、稻梨孢、间座壳目诸如榛子东部枯萎病菌、Apiognomonia errabunda、Cytospora platani、大豆北方茎溃疡病菌、毁灭性座盘孢(Discula destructiva)、草莓日规壳菌(Gnomoniafructicola)、葡萄苦腐病菌、核桃黑盘壳菌(Melanconium juglandinum)、葡萄生拟茎点菌(Phomopsis viticola)、Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum、Tubakia dryina、Dicarpella spp.、苹果树腐烂病菌(Valsa ceratosperma),以及其他诸如Actinothyriumgraminis、黄曲霉、烟曲霉、构巢曲霉、番木瓜座糙孢菌(Asperisporium caricae)、叶斑病菌(Blumeriella jaapii)、假丝酵母属,念珠菌属、煤炱病菌(Capnodium ramosum)、Cephaloascus spp.、麦类条斑病菌(Cephalosporium gramineum)、奇异长喙壳(Ceratocystis paradoxa)、毛壳菌属、Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus、球孢子菌属、李属柱孢霉(Cylindrosporium padi)、Diplocarpon malae、Drepanopeziza campestris、痂囊腔菌(Elsinoe ampelina)、黑附球菌、表皮癣菌属、葡萄藤猝倒病菌、白地霉、小麦秆枯病菌(Gibellina cerealis)、高粱胶尾孢(Gloeocercospora sorghi)、煤烟病菌(Gloeodespomigena)、Gloeosporium perennans;Gloeotinia temulenta、Griphospaeriacorticola、利尼球梗孢(Kabatiella lini)、Leptographium microsporum、Leptosphaerulinia crassiasca、Lophodermium seditiosum、Marssonina graminicola、雪霉叶枯菌、美澳型核果褐腐病菌、Monographella albescens、甜瓜黑点根腐病菌、Naemacyclus spp.、新榆枯萎病菌、巴西副球孢子菌、扩展青霉、Pestalotia rhododendri、霉样真霉属(Petriellidium)、无柄盘菌属、大豆茎褐腐病菌、Phyllachora pomigena、杂食动物瘤梗孢(Phymatotrichum omnivora)、隐秘囊孢菌(Physalospora abdita)、烟草囊孢壳(lectosporium tabacinum)、马铃薯皮斑病菌、苜蓿假盘菌(Pseudopezizamedicaginis)、芸薹埋核盘菌(Pyrenopeziza brassicae)、高粱座枝孢(Ramulisporasorghi)、Rhabdocline pseudotsugae、大麦云纹病菌(Rhynchosporium secalis)、稻帚枝杆孢(Sacrocladium oryzae)、足放线病菌属(Scedosporium)、煤点病、核盘菌、小核盘菌;小核菌属、雪腐病核瑚菌(Typhula ishikariensis)、玛丽盘双端毛孢(Seimatosporiummariae)、Lepteutypa cupressi、Septocyta ruborum、Sphaceloma perseae、Sporonemaphacidioides、Stigmina palmivora、Tapesia yallundae、梨外囊菌(Taphrina bullata)、Thielviopsis basicola、Trichoseptoria fructigena、蝇粪病菌(Zygophialajamaicensis);白粉病,例如由白粉菌目诸如小麦白粉病菌、蓼白粉病菌、葡萄钩丝壳、黄瓜白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca fuligena)、白叉丝单囊壳、Podospaera macularis、二孢白粉菌(Golovinomyces cichoracearum)、辣椒白粉病菌(Leveillula taurica)、扩散叉丝壳、Oidiopsis gossypii、榛球针壳(Phyllactinia guttata)以及Oidium arachidis引起的那些;霉,例如由葡萄座腔菌诸如小穴壳菌(Dothiorella aromatica)、连续色二孢(Diplodiaseriata)、比德瓦里球座菌(Guignardia bidwellii)、灰葡萄孢菌、大葱孢盘菌(Botryotinia allii)、蚕豆孢盘菌(Botryotinia fabae)、扁桃壳梭菌(Fusicoccumamygdali)、龙眼焦腐病菌(Lasiodiplodia theobromae)、茶生大茎点霉(Macrophomatheicola)、菜豆壳球孢菌、葫芦科叶点霉(Phyllosticta cucurbitacearum)引起的那些;炭疽病,例如小丛壳(Glommerelales)诸如盘长孢状刺盘孢、瓜类炭疽菌、棉花炭疽病菌、围小丛壳、以及禾生炭疽菌由引起的那些;以及枯萎病或疫病,例如由肉座菌目诸如笔直顶孢霉、紫麦角菌、黄色镰刀菌、禾谷镰刀菌、大豆猝死综合症病菌(Fusarium virguliforme)、尖孢镰刀菌、胶孢镰刀菌、古巴尖孢镰孢(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense)、Gerlachianivale、藤仓赤霉、玉米赤霉、胶枝霉属、疣孢漆斑菌、Nectria ramulariae、绿色木霉、粉红聚端孢菌以及鳄梨根腐病原菌(Verticillium theobromae)引起的那些。
担子菌纲,包括黑穗病,例如由黑粉菌目诸如稻曲病菌、小麦散黑穗病菌、小麦散黑粉菌菌、玉米黑粉病菌引起的那些,锈病例如由柄锈菌诸如Cerotelium fici、云杉帚锈病菌(Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli)、番薯鞘锈菌(Coleosporium ipomoeae)、咖啡驼孢锈菌(Hemileia vastatrix)、落花生柄锈菌、Puccinia cacabata、禾柄锈菌、隐匿柄锈菌、高粱柄锈菌、大麦柄锈菌、大麦条形柄锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f.sp.Hordei)、小麦条形柄锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f.sp.Secalis)、榛膨痂锈菌(Pucciniastrum coryli),或锈菌目诸如松疱锈病菌、植物受桧胶锈菌(Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae)、杨树叶锈病菌(Melampsora medusae)、豆薯层锈菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi)、短尖多胞锈菌(Phragmidium mucronatum)、Physopella ampelosidis、变色疣双胞锈菌(Tranzscheliadiscolor)以及蚕豆单孢锈菌(Uromyces viciae-fabae)引起的那些;以及其他腐病和疾病,例如由隐球菌属、茶饼病菌、Marasmiellus inoderma、小菇属、丝黑穗病菌(Sphacelotheca reiliana)、雪腐病核瑚菌(Typhula ishikariensis)、冰草条黑粉菌(Urocystis agropyri)、Itersonilia perplexans、Corticium invisum、Laetisariafuciformis、Waitea circinata、立枯丝核菌、Thanetephorus cucurmeris、Entylomadahliae、Entylomella microspora、沼湿草尾孢黑粉菌(Neovossia moliniae)和小麦网腥黑穗病菌(Tilletia caries)引起的那些。
Blastocladiomycete,如玉蜀黍节壶菌(Physoderma maydis)。
粒毛盘菌纲(Mucoromycete),如笋瓜花腐病菌(Choanephora cucurbitarum);毛霉属;少根根霉,
连同由与以上列出的那些紧密相关的其他物种和属引起的疾病。
除了它们的杀真菌活性之外,这些化合物和包括它们的组合物还可以具有针对细菌如梨火疫病菌、软腐欧文氏菌(Erwinia caratovora)、野油菜黄单胞菌、丁香假单胞菌、马铃薯疮痂病菌(Strptomyces scabies)和其他相关物种连同某些原生动物的活性。
在本发明的范围内,有待保护的目标作物和/或有用植物典型地包括多年生和一年生作物,例如浆果植物,例如黑莓、蓝莓、蔓越莓、树莓以及草莓;谷类,例如大麦、玉米(maize或corn)、小米、燕麦、水稻、黑麦、高粱、黑小麦以及小麦;纤维植物,例如棉花、亚麻、大麻、黄麻和剑麻;大田作物,例如糖甜菜和饲料甜菜、咖啡、啤酒花、芥菜、油菜(卡诺拉)、罂粟、甘蔗、向日葵、茶以及烟草;果树,例如苹果、杏、鳄梨、香蕉、樱桃、柑橘、油桃、桃、梨以及李子;草,例如百慕达草、蓝草、本特草、蜈蚣草(centipede grass)、牛毛草、黑麦草、圣奥古斯丁草以及结缕草;草本,例如罗勒、琉璃苣、细香葱、胡荽、薰衣草、独活草、薄荷、牛至、荷兰芹、迷迭香、鼠尾草以及百里香;豆类,例如菜豆、小扁豆、豌豆和大豆;坚果,例如扁桃仁、腰果、落花生(ground nut)、榛子、花生、美洲山核桃、开心果以及胡桃;棕榈植物例如油棕;观赏植物,例如花、灌木和树;其他树,例如可可、椰子、橄榄以及橡胶树;蔬菜,例如芦笋、茄子、花椰菜、卷心菜、胡萝卜、黄瓜、大蒜、生菜、西葫芦、瓜、秋葵、洋葱、辣椒、马铃薯、南瓜、大黄、菠菜以及番茄;以及藤本植物例如葡萄。
根据本发明的有用植物和/或目标作物包括常规的连同遗传增强或遗传工程处理的品种,例如像抗虫的(例如Bt.和VIP品种)连同抗病的、耐除草剂的(例如耐草甘膦和草丁膦的玉米品种,在商品名和下可商购)以及耐受线虫的品种。通过举例的方式,适合的遗传增强或遗传工程处理的作物品种包括Stoneville5599BR棉花和Stoneville 4892BR棉花品种。
术语“有用植物”和/或“目标作物”应当理解为还包括由于常规育种方法或基因工程方法而赋予了对除草剂(像溴草腈)或除草剂类的(例如像HPPD抑制剂、ALS抑制剂,如氟嘧磺隆、氟丙磺隆和三氟啶磺隆、EPSPS(5-烯醇-丙酮酰-莽草酸-3-磷酸-合酶(5-enol-pyrovyl-shikimate-3-phosphate-synthase))抑制剂、GS(谷氨酰胺合酶)抑制剂或PPO(原卟啉原氧化酶)抑制剂)的耐受性的有用植物。已经通过常规育种方法(诱变)变得对咪唑啉酮例如甲氧咪草烟具有耐受力的作物的一个实例是夏季油菜(卡诺拉(Canola))。已经通过基因工程方法使其对除草剂或除草剂类耐受的作物的实例包括抗草甘膦和抗草丁膦玉蜀黍品种,它们是在Herculex和商标名下可商购的。
术语“有用植物”和/或“目标作物”应被理解为包括天然地或已经赋予对有害昆虫的抗性的那些。这包括通过使用重组DNA技术转化从而例如能够合成一种或多种选择性作用毒素的植物,这些毒素例如是从如产毒素的细菌已知的。可以被表达的毒素的实例包括δ-内毒素,营养期杀昆虫蛋白(Vip),细菌定殖线虫的杀昆虫蛋白质,以及由蝎子、蛛形纲动物、黄蜂和真菌产生的毒素。已经被修饰为表达苏云金芽孢杆菌毒素的作物的一个实例是Bt maize(先正达种子公司(Syngenta Seeds))。包括编码杀昆虫抗性并且由此表达多于一种毒素的多于一种基因的作物的一个实例是(先正达种子公司)。作物或其种子材料还可以是对多种类型的有害生物具有抗性(当通过遗传修饰产生时的所谓的叠加转基因事件)。例如,植物可以具有表达杀昆虫蛋白同时耐受除草剂的能力,例如Herculex(陶氏益农公司(Dow AgroSciences),先锋良种国际公司(Pioneer Hi-Bred International))。
术语“有用植物”和/或“目标作物”应理解为还包括已通过使用重组DNA技术转化使其能合成具有选择性作用的抗病原物质的有用植物,例如像,所谓的“发病机理有关的蛋白”(PRP,参见例如EP-A-0 392 225)。此类抗病原物质以及能够合成此类抗病原物质的转基因植物的实例例如从EP-A-0 392 225、WO 95/33818和EP-A-0 353 191是已知的。生产此类转基因植物的方法对于本领域的技术人员通常是已知的并且描述于例如以上提及的公开物中。
可通过转基因植物表达的毒素包括,例如杀昆虫蛋白质,例如来自于枯草芽孢杆菌或日本甲虫芽孢杆菌的杀昆虫蛋白质;或来自于苏云金芽孢杆菌的杀昆虫蛋白质,例如δ-内毒素,例如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1Fa2、Cry2Ab、Cry3A、Cry3Bb1或Cry9C,或营养期杀昆虫蛋白(Vip),例如Vip1、Vip2、Vip3或Vip3A;或线虫寄生性细菌的杀昆虫蛋白质,例如光杆状茵属或致病杆菌属,例如发光光杆状茵、嗜线虫致病杆菌;由动物产生的毒素,例如蝎毒素、蜘蛛毒素、黄蜂毒素和其他昆虫特异性神经毒素;由真菌产生的毒素,例如链霉菌毒素;植物凝集素,例如豌豆凝集素、大麦凝集素或雪花莲凝集素;凝集素类;蛋白酶抑制剂,例如胰蛋白酶抑制剂、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、马铃薯贮存蛋白(patatin)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、木瓜蛋白酶抑制剂;核糖体失活蛋白(RIP),例如蓖麻蛋白、玉米-RIP、相思豆毒蛋白、丝瓜籽毒蛋白、皂草毒素蛋白或异株泻根毒蛋白;类固醇代谢酶,例如3-羟基类固醇氧化酶、蜕皮类固醇-UDP-糖基-转移酶、胆固醇氧化酶、蜕皮激素抑制剂、HMG-COA-还原酶,离子通道阻断剂,例如钠通道或钙通道阻断剂,保幼激素酯酶,利尿激素受体、茋合酶、联苄合酶、几丁酶和葡聚糖酶。
另外,在本发明背景下,δ-内毒素例如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1Fa2、Cry2Ab、Cry3A、Cry3Bb1或Cry9C,或营养期杀昆虫蛋白(Vip),例如Vip1、Vip2、Vip3或Vip3A应理解为显然还包括混合型毒素、截短的毒素和经修饰的毒素。杂合型毒素是通过那些蛋白的不同区域的新组合重组产生的(参见,例如WO 02/15701)。截短的毒素例如截短的Cry1Ab是已知的。在经修饰毒素的情况下,天然产生的毒素的一个或多个氨基酸被置换。在这种氨基酸置换中,优选将非天然存在的蛋白酶识别序列插入毒素中,例如在Cry3A055的情况下,一种组织蛋白酶-G-识别序列被插入Cry3A毒素(参见WO 03/018810)。
这样的毒素或能够合成这样的毒素的转基因植物的更多实例披露于例如EP-A-0374 753、WO 93/07278、WO 95/34656、EP-A-0 427 529、EP-A-451 878以及WO 03/052073中。
用于制备这样的转基因植物的方法对于本领域的普通技术人员是已知的并且描述在例如以上提及的公开案中。CryI-型脱氧核糖核酸及其制备例如从WO 95/34656、EP-A-0 367 474、EP-A-0 401 979以及WO 90/13651中已知。
包括在转基因植物中的毒素使得植物对有害昆虫有耐受性。这些昆虫可以存在于任何昆虫分类群,但尤其是通常在甲虫(鞘翅目)、双翅昆虫(双翅目)以及蝴蝶(鳞翅目)中发现。
包括一种或多种编码杀虫剂抗性并且表达一种或多种毒素的基因的转基因植物是已知的并且其中一些是可商购的。此类植物的实例为:(玉米品种,表达Cry1Ab毒素);YieldGard (玉米品种,表达Cry3Bb1毒素);YieldGard(玉米品种,表达Cry1Ab以及Cry3Bb1毒素);(玉米品种,表达Cry9C毒素);Herculex(玉米品种,表达Cry1Fa2毒素以及实现对除草剂草丁膦铵的耐受性的酶膦丝菌素N-乙酰转移酶(PAT));NuCOTN(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac毒素);Bollgard(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac毒素);Bollgard(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab毒素);(棉花品种,表达Vip3A和Cry1Ab毒素); (马铃薯品种,表达Cry3A毒素); GT Advantage(GA21耐草甘膦性状),CB Advantage(Bt11玉米螟(CB)性状)以及
这样的转基因作物的其他实例是:
1.Bt11玉米,来自先正达种子公司(Syngenta Seeds SAS),霍比特路(Chemin del’Hobit)27,F-31 790圣苏维尔(St.Sauveur),法国,登记号C/FR/96/05/10。遗传修饰的玉蜀黍,通过转基因表达截短的Cry1Ab毒素,使之能抵抗欧洲玉米螟(玉米螟和粉茎螟)的侵袭。Bt11玉米还转基因地表达PAT酶以达到对除草剂草丁膦铵盐的耐受性。
2.Bt176玉米,来自先正达种子公司,霍比特路27,F-31 790圣苏维尔,法国,登记号C/FR/96/05/10。遗传修饰的玉蜀黍,通过转基因表达Cry1Ab毒素,使之能抵抗欧洲玉米螟(玉米螟和粉茎螟)的侵袭。Bt176玉米还转基因地表达PAT酶以达到对除草剂草丁膦铵盐的耐受性。
3.MIR604玉米,来自先正达种子公司,霍比特路27,F-31 790圣苏维尔,法国,登记号C/FR/96/05/10。通过转基因表达经修饰的Cry3A毒素使之具有昆虫抗性的玉米。此毒素是通过插入组织蛋白酶-G-蛋白酶识别序列而经修饰的Cry3A055。这样的转基因玉米植物的制备描述于WO 03/018810中。
4.MON 863玉米,来自孟山都欧洲公司(Monsanto Europe S.A.)270-272特弗伦大道(Avenue de Tervuren),B-1150布鲁塞尔(Brussels),比利时,登记号C/DE/02/9。MON863表达Cry3Bb1毒素,并且对某些鞘翅目昆虫有抗性。
5.IPC 531棉花,来自孟山都欧洲公司,270-272特弗伦大道,B-1150布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/ES/96/02。
6.1507玉米,来自先锋海外公司(Pioneer Overseas Corporation),特德斯科大道(Avenue Tedesco),7B-1160布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/NL/00/10。遗传改性的玉米,表达蛋白质Cry1F以获得对某些鳞翅目昆虫的抗性,并且表达PAT蛋白质以获得对除草剂草丁膦铵盐的耐受性。
7.NK603×MON 810玉米,来自孟山都欧洲公司270-272特弗伦大道,B-1150布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/GB/02/M3/03。通过将遗传修饰的品种NK 603和MON 810杂交,由常规育种的杂交玉米品种构成。NK603×MON 810玉米转基因表达由土壤杆菌属菌株CP4获得的CP4EPSPS蛋白质,使之耐除草剂(含有草甘膦),以及由苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种获得的Cry1Ab毒素,使之耐某些鳞翅目昆虫,包括欧洲玉米螟。
如在此使用的术语“场所”是指植物在其中或其上生长的地方,或栽培植物的种子被播种的地方,或者种子将要被置于土壤中的地方。它包括土壤、种子、以及幼苗,连同建立的植物。
术语“植物”指的是植物的所有有形部分,包括种子、幼苗、幼株、根、块茎、茎、秆、叶和果实。
术语“植物繁殖材料”应当被理解为表示该植物的生殖部分,例如种子,这些部分可以用于该植物的繁殖,以及营养性材料,例如插条或块茎(例如马铃薯)。可以提及,例如种子(在严格意义上)、根、果实、块茎、球茎、根茎以及植物的部分。还可以提及在发芽后或破土后将被移植的发芽植物和幼小植物。这些幼小植物可以通过浸渍进行完全或部分处理而在移植之前进行保护。优选地,“植物繁殖材料”应当理解为表示种子。
在此提及的使用其俗名的杀有害生物剂是已知的,例如,从“杀有害生物剂手册(The Pesticide Manual)”,15版,英国作物保护委员会(British Crop ProtectionCouncil)2009。
具有化学式I的化合物能以未修饰的形式使用,或者优选地,与配制品领域中常规使用的佐剂一起使用。为此目的,它们可以按已知方式便利地配制为可乳化的浓缩物、可包衣的糊剂、直接可喷雾的或可稀释的溶液或悬浮液、稀释乳液、可湿性粉剂、可溶性粉剂、尘剂、颗粒以及还有封装物,例如在聚合物的物质中。对于这些组合物的类型,根据预期的目的以及盛行环境来选择施用方法,例如喷洒、雾化、撒粉、播散、包衣或倾倒。这些组合物还可以含有另外的佐剂,如稳定剂、消泡剂、粘度调节剂、粘合剂、增粘剂,以及肥料、微量营养素供体或其他用于获得特殊效果的配制品。
适当的载体以及佐剂,例如对于农业用途,可以是固体或液体的并且是在配制品技术中有用的物质,例如天然或再生的矿物物质,溶剂、分散体、湿润剂、增粘剂、增稠剂、粘合剂或肥料类。例如在WO 97/33890中描述了这样的载体。
悬浮浓缩物是该活性化合物的高度分散的固体颗粒悬浮于其中的水性配制品。此类配制品包含抗沉降剂和分散剂,并且可以进一步包含湿润剂,以增强活性,以及包括消泡剂和晶体生长抑制剂。在使用时,这些浓缩物稀释在水中,并且通常作为喷雾剂施用到有待处理的区域上。活性成分的量可以范围是该浓缩物的0.5%到95%。
可湿性粉剂是处于在水中或其他液态载体中容易分散的细散颗粒形式。这些颗粒包含保存在固体基质里的活性成分。典型的固体基质包括漂白土、高岭土、硅石和其他容易湿化的有机或无机固体。可湿性粉剂通常包含从5%到95%的活性成分加上少量的润湿剂、分散剂或乳化剂。
可乳化浓缩物是在水中或其他液体中可分散的均匀的液体组合物并且可以完全由活性化合物与一种液体或固体乳化剂组成,或者还可以包含一种液态载体,例如二甲苯、重芳香族石脑油、异佛尔酮和其他不挥发有机溶剂。使用时,将这些可乳化浓缩物分散在水中或其他液体中并且通常以喷雾施用于待处理的区域。活性成分的量可以范围是该浓缩物的0.5%到95%。
颗粒配制品包括挤出物和较粗颗粒两者,并且通常不用稀释地施用于需要处理的区域。用于颗粒配制品的典型载体包括沙、漂白土、凹凸棒石粘土、膨润土、蒙脱土、蛭石、珍珠岩、碳酸钙、砖、浮石、叶蜡石、高岭土、白云石、灰泥、木粉、碎玉米穗轴、碎花生壳、糖、氯化钠、硫酸钠、硅酸钠、硼酸钠、氧化镁、云母、氧化铁、氧化锌、氧化钛、氧化锑、冰晶石、石膏、硅藻土、硫酸钙以及其他有机或无机的吸收活性成分或被活性成分包衣的材料。颗粒配制品通常包含5%到25%的活性成分,这些成分可以包括表面活性剂,例如重芳香族石脑油、煤油和其他石油馏分、或者植物油;和/或粘着剂例如糊精、胶粘剂或合成树脂。
粉剂是活性成分与细散固体(例如滑石、粘土、面粉以及其他有机与无机的作为分散剂和载体的固体)的可自由流动的混合物。
微囊典型地为包裹在一种惰性多孔壳内的该活性成分的微滴或颗粒,该惰性多孔外壳允许以可控的速率让包住的材料逃逸到环境中。包囊的微滴的直径典型地为1微米到50微米。包裹的液体典型地构成该胶囊重量的50%至95%并且除了活性化合物外还可以包括溶剂。包囊颗粒通常是多孔颗粒,其中多孔膜将这些颗粒孔口密封,从而将这些活性种类以液体形式保存在这些颗粒孔内部。颗粒典型地是从l毫米至l厘米的直径,优选是1至2毫米的直径。颗粒通过挤出、凝聚或成球形成,或者自然产生。这类材料的实例为蛭石、烧结粘土、高岭土、凹凸棒石粘土、锯屑和碳颗粒。壳膜材料包括天然和合成橡胶、纤维材料、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚脲、聚氨酯和淀粉黄原酸酯。
用于农用化学品施用的其他有用配制品包括这些活性成分在一种溶剂(例如丙酮、烷基化萘、二甲苯和其他有机溶剂)中的简单溶液,在该溶剂中这些活性成分以所希望的浓度完全溶解。也可以使用加压的喷雾剂,其中由于一种低沸点分散剂溶剂载体的蒸发活性成分以细散形式分散。
在上述配制品类型中对于配制本发明的组合物有用的合适农用辅助剂和载体对于本领域内的普通技术人员是熟知的。
可以利用的液态载体包括例如水、甲苯、二甲苯、石脑油、作物油、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、乙酸酐、乙腈、乙酰苯、乙酸戊酯、2-丁酮、氯苯、环己烷、环己醇、乙酸烷基酯、二丙酮醇、1,2-二氯丙烷、二乙醇胺、对-二乙基苯、二甘醇、松香酸二甘醇酯、二甘醇丁基醚、二甘醇乙醚、二甘醇甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、1,4-二噁烷、二丙二醇、二丙二醇甲醚、二丙二醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇(diproxitol)、烷基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯、2-乙基己醇、碳酸亚乙酯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、2-庚酮、α-蒎烯、d-苧烯、乙二醇、乙二醇丁醚、乙二醇甲醚、γ-丁内酯、甘油、甘油二乙酸酯、甘油一乙酸酯、甘油三乙酸酯、十六烷、己二醇、乙酸异戊酯、乙酸异冰片酯、异辛烷、异佛尔酮、异丙苯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、乳酸、月桂胺、异丙叉丙酮、甲氧基丙醇、甲基异戊酮、甲基异丁基酮、月桂酸甲酯、辛酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、二氯甲烷、间二甲苯、正己烷、正辛胺、十八酸、乙酸辛胺酯、油酸、油胺、邻二甲苯、苯酚、聚乙二醇(PEG400)、丙酸、丙二醇、丙二醇单甲醚、对二甲苯、甲苯、磷酸三乙酯、三甘醇、二甲苯磺酸、石蜡、矿物油、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、以及更高分子量的醇类例如戊醇、四氢糠醇、己醇、辛醇、等,乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油以及N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。水通常是用以稀释浓缩物的选用载体。
合适的固体载体包括例如滑石、二氧化钛、叶腊石粘土、硅石、凹凸棒石粘土、硅藻土(kieselguhr)、白垩、硅藻土(diatomaxeous earth)、石灰、碳酸钙、膨润土、漂白土、棉子壳、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石、木粉、核桃壳粉以及木质素。
在所述液体和固体组合物中可有利地采用广泛的表面活性剂(尤其是被设计为可在施用前被载体稀释的那些)。这些试剂在使用时通常按重量计组成该配制品的从0.1%到15%。它们在性质上可以是阴离子的、阳离子的、非离子的或聚合的并且可以作为乳化剂、润湿剂、悬浮剂或以其他目的采用。典型的表面活性剂包括烷基硫酸酯,例如二乙醇铵十二烷基硫酸酯;烷芳基磺酸盐,例如十二烷基苯磺酸钙;烷基酚-环氧烷加成产物,例如壬基酚C18乙氧基化物;醇-环氧烷加成产物,例如十三烷基醇-C16乙氧基化物;肥皂,例如硬脂酸钠;烷基萘磺酸盐,例如二丁基萘磺酸钠;磺基琥珀酸盐的二烷基酯,例如二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸钠;山梨糖醇酯,例如山梨糖醇油酸酯;季胺类,例如氯化十二烷基三甲基铵;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,例如聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;以及单和二烷基磷酸酯盐。
通常在农业组合物中使用的其他辅助剂包括结晶作用抑制剂、粘度改性剂、悬浮剂、喷雾液滴改性剂、颜料、抗氧化剂、发泡剂、防泡剂、遮光剂、相容性试剂、消泡剂、掩蔽剂、中和剂和缓冲剂、腐蚀抑制剂、染料、增味剂、铺展剂、渗透助剂、微量营养素、柔润剂、润滑剂以及固着剂。
此外,进一步地,其他杀生物的活性成分或组合物可以与本发明的组合物组合,并且用于本发明的方法中并且同时地或顺序地随着本发明的组合物施用。当同时施用时,这些另外的活性成分可以连同本发明的组合物一起配制或混合于例如喷雾罐中。这些另外的杀生物的活性成分可以是杀真菌剂、除草剂、杀昆虫剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂和/或植物生长调节剂。
此外,本发明的组合物还可以与一种或多种系统获得性抗性诱导剂(“SAR”诱导剂)一起施用。SAR诱导剂是已知的并且描述于例如美国专利号US 6,919,298,并且包括例如水杨酸盐以及商用的SAR诱导剂阿拉酸式苯-S-甲基。
具有化学式I的化合物一般以组合物的形式使用并且可以被施用至作物区域或要处理的植物,与其他化合物同时施用或顺序施用。这些其他化合物可以是例如肥料或微量营养素供体或其他的影响植物生长的制剂。它们还可以是选择性除草剂或非选择性除草剂,连同杀昆虫剂、杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、杀线虫剂、杀软体动物剂或几种这些制剂的混合物,如果希望的话与配制品领域中通常使用的另外的载体、表面活性剂或促进施用的佐剂一起。
具有化学式I的这些化合物可以按控制或保护抵抗致植物病微生物的(杀真菌的)组合物的形式使用,这些组合物包括至少一种具有化学式I的化合物或至少一种优选的如上所定义的个别化合物作为活性成分(处于游离形式或以农业上可用的盐形式),并且包括至少一种上述佐剂。
因此,本发明提供了一种组合物,优选杀真菌组合物,包括至少一种具有化学式I的化合物、农业上可接受的载体以及可任选地佐剂。一种农业上可接受的载体是例如适合农业用途的一种载体。这些农业载体在本领域是熟知的。优选地,除了包括具有化学式I的化合物,所述组合物可以包括至少一种或多种杀有害生物活性化合物,例如一种另外的杀真菌活性成分。
具有化学式(I)的化合物可以是一种组合物的唯一活性成分,或者适当时它可以与一种或多种另外的活性成分(例如一种杀有害生物剂、杀真菌剂、增效剂、除草剂或植物生长调节剂)混合。在一些情况下,一种另外的活性成分会导致出人意料的协同活性。
适当的另外的活性成分的实例包括以下无环氨基酸(acycloamino acid)杀真菌剂、脂肪族氮杀真菌剂、酰胺杀真菌剂、苯胺杀真菌剂、抗生素杀真菌剂、芳香族杀真菌剂、含砷杀真菌剂、芳基苯基酮杀真菌剂、苯甲酰胺杀真菌剂、苯甲酰苯胺杀真菌剂、苯并咪唑杀真菌剂、苯并噻唑杀真菌剂、植物杀真菌剂、桥联联苯基杀真菌剂、氨基甲酸酯杀真菌剂、苯氨甲酸酯杀真菌剂、康唑杀真菌剂、铜杀真菌剂、二甲酰亚胺杀真菌剂、二硝基苯酚杀真菌剂、二硫代氨基甲酸酯杀真菌剂、二硫戊环杀真菌剂、糠酰胺杀真菌剂、糠苯胺杀真菌剂、酰肼真菌剂、咪唑杀真菌剂、汞杀真菌剂、吗啉杀真菌剂、有机磷杀真菌剂、有机锡杀真菌剂、氧硫杂环己二烯(oxathiin)杀真菌剂、噁唑杀真菌剂、苯硫酰胺杀真菌剂、多硫化物杀真菌剂、吡唑杀菌剂、吡啶杀真菌剂、嘧啶杀真菌剂、吡咯杀真菌剂、季铵杀真菌剂、喹啉杀真菌剂、醌杀真菌剂、喹喔啉杀真菌剂、嗜球果伞素杀真菌剂、磺酰苯胺(sulfonanilide)杀真菌剂、噻二唑杀真菌剂、噻唑杀真菌剂、噻唑烷杀真菌剂、硫代氨基甲酸酯杀真菌剂、噻吩杀真菌剂、三嗪杀真菌剂、三唑杀真菌剂、三唑并嘧啶杀真菌剂、尿素杀真菌剂、缬氨酰胺(valinamide)杀真菌剂、以及锌杀真菌剂。
适合的另外的活性成分的实例也包括以下:3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸(9-二氯亚甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-1,4-甲撑-萘-5-基)-酰胺、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸甲氧基-[1-甲基-2-(2,4,6-三氯苯基)-乙基]-酰胺、1-甲基-3-二氟甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸(2-二氯亚甲基-3-乙基-1-甲基-茚满-4-基)-酰胺(1072957-71-1)、1-甲基-3-二氟甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸(4’-甲基磺酰基-联苯基-2-基)-酰胺、1-甲基-3-二氟甲基-4H-吡唑-4-羧酸[2-(2,4-二氯-苯基)-2-甲氧基-1-甲基-乙基]-酰胺、(5-氯-2,4-二甲基-吡啶-3-基)-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基-苯基)-甲酮、(5-溴-4-氯-2-甲氧基-吡啶-3-基)-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基-苯基)-甲酮、2-{2-[(E)-3-(2,6-二氯-苯基)-1-甲基-丙-2-烯-(E)-亚基氨基氧基甲基]-苯基}-2-[(Z)-甲氧基亚氨基]-N-甲基-乙酰胺、3-[5-(4-氯-苯基)-2,3-二甲基-异噁唑烷-3-基]-吡啶、(E)-N-甲基-2-[2-(2,5-二甲基苯氧基甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-亚氨基乙酰胺、4-溴-2-氰基-N,N-二甲基-6-三氟甲基苯并咪唑-1-磺胺、a-[N-(3-氯-2,6-二甲苯基)-2-甲氧基乙酰胺基]-y-丁内酯、4-氯-2-氰基-N,-二甲基-5-对甲苯基咪唑-1-磺胺、N-烯丙基-4,5,-二甲基-2-三甲基甲硅烷基噻吩-3-甲酰胺、N-(l-氰基-1,2-二甲基丙基)-2-(2,4-二氯苯氧基)丙酰胺、N-(2-甲氧基-5-吡啶基)-环丙烷甲酰胺、(.+-.)-顺-1-(4-氯苯基)-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-环庚醇、2-(1-叔丁基)-1-(2-氯苯基)-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-丙-2-醇、2’,6’-二溴-2-甲基-4-三氟甲氧基-4’-三氟甲基-1,3-噻唑-5-甲酰苯胺、1-咪唑基-1-(4’-氯苯氧基)-3,3-二甲基丁-2-酮、甲基(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-氰基苯氧基)嘧啶-4-基氧基]苯基]3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-硫基胺基苯氧基)嘧啶-4-基氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-氟苯氧基)嘧啶-4-基氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[6-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)嘧啶-4-基氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[3-(嘧啶-2-基氧基)苯氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[3-(5-甲基嘧啶-2-基氧基)-苯氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[3-(苯基-磺酰基氧基)苯氧基]苯基-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[3-(4-硝基苯氧基)苯氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-苯氧基苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-(3,5-二甲基-苯甲酰基)吡咯-1-基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-(3-甲氧基苯氧基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2[2-(2-苯基乙烯-1-基)-苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-(3,5-二氯苯氧基)吡啶-3-基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-(2-(3-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯氧基)苯基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-(2-[3-(α-羟基苄基)苯氧基]苯基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-(2-(4-苯氧基吡啶-2-基氧基)苯基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-(3-正丙基氧基-苯氧基)苯基]3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-(3-异丙基氧基苯氧基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[3-(2-氟苯氧基)苯氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-(3-乙氧基苯氧基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-(4-叔丁基-吡啶-2-基氧基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[3-(3-氰基苯氧基)苯氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[(3-甲基-吡啶-2-基氧基甲基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-甲基-苯氧基)嘧啶-4-基氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-(5-溴-吡啶-2-基氧基甲基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-(3-(3-碘吡啶-2-基氧基)苯氧基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-氯吡啶-3-基氧基)嘧啶-4-基氧基]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E),(E)-2-[2-(5,6-二甲基吡嗪-2-基甲基肟基甲基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-{2-[6-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基氧基)嘧啶-4-基氧基]苯基}-3-甲氧基-丙烯酸脂、甲基(E),(E)-2-{2-(3-甲氧基苯基)甲基肟基甲基]-苯基}-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-{2-(6-(2-叠氮基苯氧基)-嘧啶-4-基氧基]苯基}-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E),(E)-2-{2-[6-苯基嘧啶-4-基)-甲基肟基甲基]苯基}-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E),(E)-2-{2-[(4-氯苯基)-甲基肟基甲基]-苯基}-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E)-2-{2-[6-(2-正丙基苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪-4-基氧基]苯基}-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、甲基(E),(E)-2-{2-[(3-硝基苯基)甲基肟基甲基]苯基}-3-甲氧基丙烯酸脂、3-氯-7-(2-氮杂-2,7,7-三甲基-辛-3-烯-5-碱)、2,6-二氯-N-(4-三氟甲基苄基)-苯甲酰胺、3-碘-2-丙炔醇、4-氯苯基-3-碘炔丙基缩甲醛、3-溴-2,3-二碘-2-丙烯基乙基氨基甲酸酯、2,3,3-三碘烯丙醇、3-溴-2,3-二碘-2-丙烯醇、3-碘-2-丙炔基正丁基氨基甲酸酯、3-碘-2-丙炔基正己基氨基甲酸酯、3-碘-2-丙炔基环己基-氨基甲酸酯、3-碘-2-丙炔基苯基氨基甲酸酯;苯酚衍生物,诸如三溴苯酚、四氯酚、3-甲基-4-氯酚、3,5-二甲基-4-氯酚、苯氧乙醇、二氯酚、邻苯基苯酚、间苯基-苯基苯酚、对-苯基苯酚、2-苄基-4-氯酚、5-羟基-2(5H)-呋喃酮;4,5-二氯二噻唑啉酮、4,5-苯并二噻唑啉酮、4,5-三亚甲基二噻唑啉酮、4,5-二氯-(3H)-1,2-二硫基l-3-酮、3,5-二甲基-四氢-1,3,5-噻二嗪-2-硫酮、N-(2-对氯苯甲酰乙基)-氯化六甲撑四胺、活化酯、八九十混酸(acypetacs)、棉铃威、阿苯达唑、杀螟丹(aldimorph)、蒜素、烯丙醇、辛唑嘧菌胺、吲唑磺菌胺、阿姆巴(amobam)、氨丙膦酸(ampropylfos)、敌菌灵、福美砷(asomate)、金色制霉素(aureofungin)、阿扎康唑、阿扎芬定(azafendin)、氧化福美双杀菌剂(azithiram)、嘧菌酯、钡多硫化物、苯霜灵、苯霜灵-M、麦锈灵(benodanil)、苯菌灵、敌菌腙、丙唑草隆(bentaluron)、苯噻菌胺、苯噻硫氰、氯化苄烷铵、节烯酸(benzamacril)、苯杂吗(benzamorf)、苯甲羟肟酸、黄连素、百杀辛(bethoxazin)、双苯三唑醇(biloxazol)、乐杀螨、联苯基、联苯三唑醇、硫双二氯酚、联苯吡菌胺(bixafen)、杀稻瘟菌素-S、啶酰菌胺、溴菌腈、糠菌唑、乙嘧酚磺酸酯、丁硫啶、丁胺多硫化钙、敌菌丹、克菌丹、吗菌威、多菌灵、多菌灵盐酸盐、萎锈灵、加普胺、香芹酮、CGA41396、CGA41397、灭螨猛、壳聚糖、灭痕唑(chlobenthiazone)、双胺灵、氯醌、氯芬唑、地茂散、氯化苦、百菌清、克氯得(chlorozolinate)、乙菌利、氯咪巴唑、克霉唑、克拉康(clozylacon)、含铜的化合物如乙酸铜、碳酸铜、氢氧化铜、环烷酸铜、油酸铜、氯氧化铜、氧基喹啉铜、硅酸铜、硫酸铜、树脂酸铜、铬酸铜锌和波尔多混合物、甲酚、硫杂灵、福美铜氯(cuprobam)、亚铜的氧化物、氰霜唑、环菌胺(cyclafuramid)、放线菌酮、环氟菌胺、霜脲氰、氰菌灵(cypendazole)、环唑醇、嘧菌环胺、棉隆、咪菌威、癸磷锡、脱氢乙酸、二-2-吡啶基二硫化物1,1'-二氧化物、苯氟磺胺、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、哒菌清、二氯萘醌、氯硝胺、双氯酚、菌核利、苄氯三唑醇、双氯氰菌胺、乙霉威、苯醚甲环唑、野燕枯、二氟林、O,O-二异-丙基-S-苄基硫代磷酸盐、地美福唑(dimefluazole)、菌核净、地美康唑(dimetconazole)、烯酰吗啉、二甲嘧酚、烯唑醇、烯唑醇-M、敌螨通、敌螨普、邻敌螨消、硝戊酯(dinopenton)、硝辛酯(dinosulfon)、硝丁酯(dinoterbon)、二苯胺、双吡硫翁、戒酒硫、灭菌磷(ditalimfos)、二噻农、二硫基醚、十二烷基二甲基氯化铵、十二环吗啉、多地辛、多果定、十二烷基胍醋酸盐、敌菌酮、敌瘟磷、烯肟菌酯、氟环唑、乙环唑、代森硫(etem)、噻唑菌胺、乙嘧酚、乙氧喹、乙蒜素(ethilicin)、乙基(Z)-N-苄基-N([甲基(甲基-硫代亚乙基氨基-氧基羰基)氨基]硫基)-β-氨基丙酸乙酯、土菌灵、恶唑菌酮、咪唑菌酮、地克松、咪菌腈、氯苯嘧啶醇、腈苯唑、甲呋酰胺、环酰菌胺、种衣酯、氰菌胺、拌种咯、苯锈啶、丁苯吗啉、胺苯吡菌酮、三苯锡醋酸盐、三苯基氢氧化锡、福美铁、嘧菌腙、氟啶胺、咯菌腈、氟美托、氟吗啉、氟吡菌胺(flupicolide)、氟吡菌酰胺、唑呋草、三氟苯唑(fluotrimazole)、氟嘧菌酯、氟喹唑、氟硅唑、磺菌胺、氟酰胺(flutanil)、氟酰胺、粉唑醇、氟唑菌酰胺、灭菌丹、甲醛、三乙膦酸、麦穗宁、呋霜灵、福拉比、二甲呋酰胺、呋菌唑、糠醛、茂谷乐、呋菌隆、果绿定、灰黄霉素、双胍辛胺、丙烯酸喹啉酯(halacrinate)、六氯苯、六氯丁二烯、六氯酚、己唑醇、环己硫磷(hexylthiofos)、汞加芬(hydrargaphen)、羟基异噁唑、恶霉灵、抑霉唑、抑霉唑硫酸盐、亚胺唑、双胍辛胺、双胍辛胺三乙酸酯、枯瘟净(inezin)、碘代丙炔基丁基甲胺酸酯(iodocarb)、种菌唑、异稻瘟净、异菌脲、丙森锌、异丙基丁基氨基甲酸酯、稻瘟灵、吡唑萘菌胺、异噻菌胺、氯苯咪菌酮(isovaledione)、浸种磷(izopamfos)、春雷霉素、醚菌酯-甲基、LY186054、LY211795、LY248908、代森锰锌、双炔酰菌胺、代森锰、邻酰胺、咪卡病西(mecarbinzid)、精甲霜灵、嘧菌胺、灭锈胺、氯化汞、氯化亚汞、消螨多(meptyldinocap)、甲霜灵、精甲霜灵-M、威百亩、肼叉噁唑酮(metazoxolon)、叶菌唑、磺菌威、呋菌胺、甲基溴、甲基碘、异硫氰酸甲酯、代森联、代森联-锌、苯氧菌胺、苯菌酮、噻菌胺、代森环(milneb)、吗啉胍(moroxydine)、腈菌唑、甲菌利(myclozolin)、代森钠(nabam)、那他霉素、田安、福美镍、硝基苯乙烯、酞菌酯、氟苯嘧啶醇、异噻菌酮、呋酰胺、有机汞化合物类、肟醚菌胺、蛇床子素(osthol)、噁霜灵、环氧嘧磺隆、奥辛-铜(oxine-copper)、噁喹酸、欧伯克唑(oxpoconazole)、氧化萎锈灵、苯吡醇(parinol)、稻瘟酯、戊菌唑、戊菌隆、戊苯吡菌胺、五氯酚、吡噻菌胺、氰烯菌酯、叶枯净、氯瘟磷(phosdiphen)、疫霉灵-Al、磷酸类、苯酞、啶氧菌酯、粉病灵、多氨基甲酸酯、多氧菌素D、多氧瑞莫(polyoxrim)、代森联(polyram)、烯丙苯噻唑、咪鲜胺、腐霉利、普罗帕脒(propamidine)、霜霉威、丙环唑、丙森锌、丙酸、丙氧喹啉、硫菌威(prothiocarb)、丙硫菌唑、比锈灵、唑菌胺酯、唑胺菌酯(pyrametrostrobin)、唑菌酯、定菌磷、吡菌苯威、啶菌腈(pyridinitril)、啶斑肟、嘧霉胺、吡奥芬酮(pyriofenone)、咯喹酮、吡氯灵(pyroxychlor)、氯吡呋醚、吡咯尼林、季铵化合物、羟基喹啉基乙酮(quinacetol)、醌菌腙(quinazamid)、唑喹菌酮(quinconazole)、灭螨猛、喹氧灵、五氯硝基苯、吡咪唑(rabenzazole)、蛔蒿素(santonin)、环苯吡菌胺(sedaxane)、硅噻菌胺、硅氟唑、西克唑(sipconazole)、五氯酚钠、苯并烯氟菌唑(solatenol)、螺环菌胺、链霉素、硫、戊苯砜(sultropen)、戊唑醇、异丁乙氧喹啉(tebfloquin)、叶枯酞、四氯硝基苯、tecoram、氟醚唑、噻苯达唑、噻二氟(thiadifluor)、噻菌腈(thicyofen)、噻氟菌胺、2-(硫氰基甲硫基)苯并噻唑、硫菌灵-甲基、克杀螨(thioquinox)、塞仑、噻酰菌胺、亚胺唑(timibenconazole)、硫氰苯甲酰胺(tioxymid)、立枯磷-甲基、对甲抑菌灵、三唑酮、三唑醇、威菌磷(triamiphos)、嘧菌醇(triarimol)、丁三唑、咪唑嗪、三环唑、十三吗啉、肟菌酯、啶虫咪(triflumazole)、嗪氨灵、氟菌唑、灭菌唑、烯效唑、福美甲胂(urbacide)、井岗霉素、霜霉灭(valifenalate)、威百、乙烯菌核利、氰菌胺(zarilamid)、代森锌、福美锌、苯酰菌胺。
本发明的这些化合物也可与驱蠕虫药剂组合使用。此类驱蠕虫药剂包括选自大环内酯类化合物的化合物,例如伊维菌素、阿维菌素、阿巴美丁、依马克丁、依立诺克丁、多拉克汀、司拉克丁、莫昔克丁、奈马克丁以及米尔倍霉素衍生物,如在EP-357460、EP-444964以及EP-594291中所述。其他驱蠕虫药剂包括半合成及生物合成阿维菌素/米尔倍霉素类衍生物,例如在US-5015630、WO-9415944以及WO-9522552中所述的那些。其他驱蠕虫药剂包括苯并咪唑类,例如阿苯达唑、坎苯达唑、芬苯达唑、氟苯达唑、甲苯达唑、奥芬达唑、奥苯达唑、帕苯达唑、以及其他该类别的成员。其他驱蠕虫药剂包括咪唑并噻唑类以及四氢嘧啶类,例如四咪唑、左旋咪唑、噻嘧啶扑酸酯、奥克太尔或莫仑太尔。其他驱蠕虫药剂包括杀吸虫剂,例如三氯苯达唑和氯舒隆,以及杀绦虫剂,例如吡喹酮以及依西太尔。
本发明的化合物可以与帕拉合胺副梅花状青霉酰胺/吗克福丁(marcfortine)类驱蠕虫药剂的衍生物及类似物以及抗寄生虫噁唑啉(例如在US-5478855、US-4639771以及DE-19520936中所披露的)组合使用。
本发明的化合物可以与如WO-9615121中所述的一般种类二氧吗啉抗寄生虫剂的衍生物及类似物以及还与驱蠕虫活性的环状缩酚肽(例如WO-9611945、WO-9319053、WO-9325543、EP-626375、EP-382173、WO-9419334、EP-382173、以及EP-503538中所述的那些)组合使用。
本发明的化合物可以与其他杀体外寄生虫药组合使用;例如氟虫腈;拟除虫菊酯;有机磷酸酯;昆虫生长调节剂(例如虱螨脲);蜕皮激素促效剂(例如虫酰肼及其类似物);新烟碱(例如吡虫啉及其类似物)。
本发明的化合物可以与萜烯生物碱类组合使用,例如国际专利申请公开案第WO95/19363号或第WO 04/72086号中所述的那些,特别是其中所披露的化合物。
可以与本发明的化合物组合使用的此类生物活性化合物的其他实例包括(但不局限于)以下:
有机磷酸酯:乙酰甲胺磷、甲基吡噁磷、乙基谷硫磷、甲基谷硫磷、溴硫磷、乙基溴硫磷、硫线磷、四氯乙磷(chlorethoxyphos)、毒死蜱、氯芬磷、氯甲磷、内吸磷、内吸磷-S-甲基、内吸磷-S-甲基砜、氯亚胺硫磷、二嗪磷、敌敌畏、百治磷、乐果、乙拌磷、乙硫磷、灭线磷、氧嘧啶磷、伐灭磷、苯线磷、杀螟硫磷、丰索磷、倍硫磷、吡氟硫磷、地虫磷、安果、噻唑磷、庚烯磷、氯唑磷、异丙磷、异噁唑磷、马拉硫磷、虫螨畏、甲胺磷、杀扑磷、甲基对硫磷、速灭磷、久效磷、二溴磷、氧乐果、甲基氧代内吸磷、对氧磷、对硫磷、甲基对硫磷、稻丰散、伏杀硫磷、硫环磷、磷克、亚胺硫磷、磷胺、甲拌磷、肟硫磷、虫螨磷、虫螨磷-甲基、丙溴磷、丙虫磷、普乙塔磷斯(proetamphos)、丙硫磷、吡唑硫磷、哒嗪硫磷、喹硫磷、硫灭克磷、替美磷、特丁磷、丁基嘧啶磷、司替罗磷、西美东(thimeton)、三唑磷、敌百虫、灭蚜硫磷。
氨基甲酸酯:棉铃威、涕灭威、2-仲丁苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯、丙硫克百威、甲萘威、克百威、丁硫克百威、地虫威、乙硫苯威、苯氧威、芬硫克、呋线威、HCN-801、异丙威、茚虫威、灭虫威、灭多虫、5-甲基-间-异丙苯基丁炔基(甲基)氨基甲酸酯、杀线威、抗蚜威、残杀威、硫双威、久效威、唑蚜威、UC-51717。
拟除虫菊酯:氟丙菊酯、烯丙菊酯、α-氯氰菊酯(alphametrin)、5-苄基-3-呋喃基甲基(E)-(1R)-顺式-2,2-二甲基-3-(2-氧硫杂环戊-3-亚基甲基)环丙烷羧酸酯、联苯菊酯、β-氟氯氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、α-氯氰菊酯(α-cypermethrin)、β-氯氰菊酯、生物烯丙菊酯、生物烯丙菊酯((S)-环戊基异构体)、生物苄呋菊酯、联苯菊酯、NCI-85193、乙氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、cythithrin、苯醚氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、炔戊菊酯、高氰戊菊酯、醚菊酯、五氟苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氟氰菊酯、氟氯苯菊酯、氟胺氰菊酯(D异构体)、炔咪菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、λ-氯氟氰菊酯、氯菊酯、苯醚菊酯、炔丙菊酯、除虫菊酯(天然产物)、苄呋菊酯、胺菊酯、四氟苯菊酯、θ-氯氰菊酯、氟硅菊酯、t-氟胺氰菊酯、七氟菊酯、四溴菊酯、ζ-氯氰菊酯。
节肢动物生长调节剂:a)甲壳质合成抑制剂:苯甲酰脲:定虫隆、除虫脲、氟佐隆、氟螨脲、氟虫脲、氟铃脲、虱螨脲、双苯氟脲、伏虫脲、杀虫脲、噻嗪酮、苯虫醚、噻螨酮、乙螨唑、四螨嗪(clofentazin);b)蜕皮激素拮抗剂:氯虫酰肼、甲氧虫酰肼、虫酰肼;c)保幼激素类似物:吡丙醚、烯虫酯(包括S-烯虫酯)、苯氧威;d)脂质生物合成抑制剂:螺螨酯。
其他抗寄生虫药:灭螨醌、双甲脒、AKD-1022、ANS-118、印楝素、苏云金杆菌、杀虫磺、联苯肼酯、乐杀螨、溴螨酯、BTG-504、BTG-505、毒杀芬、杀螟丹、敌螨酯、杀虫脒、溴虫腈、环虫酰肼、噻虫胺、赛灭净、敌克隆登(diacloden)、杀螨隆、DBI-3204、二活菌素、二羥基甲基二羥基吡咯烷、敌螨通、敌螨普、硫丹、乙虫腈、醚菊酯、喹螨醚、氟螨嗪(flumite)、MTI-800、唑螨酯、嘧螨酯、氟螨噻、溴氟菊酯、氟螨嗪、三氟醚、苄螨醚(fluproxyfen)、苄螨醚(halofenprox)、氟蚁腙、IKI-220、水硅钠石、NC-196、印度薄荷草(neem guard)、尼敌诺特呋喃(nidinorterfuran)、烯啶虫胺、SD-35651、WL-108477、啶虫丙醚、克螨特、普罗芬布特(protrifenbute)、吡蚜酮、哒螨酮、嘧螨醚、NC-1111、R-195、RH-0345、RH-2485、RYI-210、S-1283、S-1833、SI-8601、氟硅菊酯、硅罗玛汀(silomadine)、多杀菌素、吡螨胺、三氯杀螨砜、四抗菌素、噻虫啉、杀虫环、噻虫嗪、唑虫酰胺、唑蚜威、三乙多杀菌素、三活菌素、增效炔醚、波塔雷克(vertalec)、YI-5301。
生物剂:苏云金杆菌亚莎华亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis ssp aizawai)、苏云金杆菌库斯塔克亚种(kurstaki)、苏云金杆菌δ内毒素、杆状病毒、昆虫病原细菌、病毒以及真菌。
杀细菌剂:金霉素、土霉素、链霉素。
其他生物剂:恩氟沙星、非班太尔、喷沙西林、美洛昔康、头孢氨苄、卡那霉素、匹莫苯、克仑特罗、奥美拉唑、硫姆林、贝那普利、皮瑞普(pyriprole)、头孢喹肟、氟苯尼考、布舍瑞林、头孢维星、托拉菌素、头孢噻呋、卡洛芬、美氟腙、吡喹酮、三氯苯达唑。
以下具有化学式I的化合物与活性成分的混合物是优选的(缩写“TX”意为“选自下组的一种化合物,该组由描述于本发明的表A1至A27、B1至B12、C1至C12以及D1至D5(上文)的化合物组成”):
一种佐剂,该佐剂选自由以下物质组成的组:石油(替代名称)(628)+TX,
一种杀螨剂,该杀螨剂选自由以下物质组成的组:1,1-二(4-氯苯基)-2-乙氧基乙醇(IUPAC名称)(910)+TX、2,4-二氯苯基苯磺酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1059)+TX、2-氟-N-甲基-N-1-萘乙酰胺(IUPAC名称)(1295)+TX、4-氯苯基苯基砜(IUPAC名称)(981)+TX、阿维菌素(1)+TX、灭螨醌(3)+TX,乙酰虫腈[CCN]+TX、氟丙菊酯(9)+TX、涕灭威(16)+TX、涕灭砜威(863)+TX、a-氯氰菊酯(202)+TX、赛硫磷(870)+TX、磺胺螨酯[CCN]+TX、逐磷酰胺(872)+TX、胺吸磷(875)+TX、胺吸磷草酸氢盐(875)+TX、双甲脒(24)+TX、杀螨特(881)+TX、三氧化二砷(882)+TX、AVI 382(化合物代码)+TX、AZ 60541(化合物代码)+TX、益棉磷(44)+TX、保棉磷(45)+TX、偶氮苯(IUPAC名称)(888)+TX、三唑锡(46)+TX、偶氮磷(889)+TX、奔菌灵(62)+TX、苯噁磷(别名)[CCN]+TX、苯螨特(71)+TX、苯甲酸苄酯(IUPAC名称)[CCN]+TX、联苯肼酯(74)+TX、氟氯菊酯(76)+TX、乐杀螨(907)+TX、溴灭菊酯(别名)+TX、溴烯杀(918)+TX、溴硫磷(920)+TX、乙基溴硫磷(921)+TX、溴螨酯(94)+TX、噻嗪酮(99)+TX、丁酮威(103)+TX、丁酮砜威(104)+TX、butylpyridaben(别名)+TX、石硫合剂(IUPAC名称)(111)+TX、毒杀芬(941)+TX、氯灭杀威(943)+TX、甲萘威(115)+TX、克百威(118)+TX、三硫磷(947)+TX、CGA50’439(研究代码)(125)+TX、灭螨猛(126)+TX、杀螨醚(959)+TX、杀虫脒(964)+TX、杀虫脒盐酸盐(964)+TX、溴虫腈(130)+TX、杀螨醇(968)+TX、杀螨酯(970)+TX、敌螨特(971)+TX、毒虫畏(131)+TX、乙酯杀螨醇(975)+TX、伊托明(977)+TX、灭虫脲(978)+TX、丙酯杀螨醇(983)+TX、毒死蜱(145)+TX、甲基毒死蜱(146)+TX、虫螨磷(994)+TX、瓜菊酯I(696)+TX、瓜菊酯II(696)+TX、瓜叶菊素(696)+TX、四螨嗪(158)+TX、氯氰碘柳胺(别名)[CCN]+TX、蝇毒磷(174)+TX、巴豆酰甲苯胺(别名)[CCN]+TX、巴毒磷(1010)+TX、硫杂灵(1013)+TX、果虫磷(1020)+TX、丁氟螨酯(CAS登记号:400882-07-7)+TX、高效氯氟氰菊酯(196)+TX、三环锡(199)+TX、氯氰菊酯(201)+TX、DCPM(1032)+TX、DDT(219)+TX、田乐磷(1037)+TX、田乐磷-O(1037)+TX、田乐磷-S(1037)+TX、内吸磷(1038)+TX、内吸磷-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-O(1038)+TX、内吸磷-O-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S(1038)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基磺隆(demeton-S-methylsulphon)(1039)+TX、丁醚脲(226)+TX、氯亚胺硫磷(1042)+TX、二嗪农(227)+TX、抑菌灵(230)+TX、敌敌畏(236)+TX、dicliphos(别名)+TX、三氯杀螨醇(242)+TX、百治磷(243)+TX、除螨灵(1071)+TX、甲氟磷(1081)+TX、乐果(262)+TX、二活菌素(别名)(653)+TX、消螨酚(1089)+TX、消螨酚(dinex-diclexine)(1089)+TX、消螨通(269)+TX、敌螨普(270)+TX、敌螨普-4[CCN]+TX、敌螨普-6[CCN]+TX、邻敌螨消(1090)+TX、硝戊酯(1092)+TX、硝辛酯杀螨剂(1097)+TX、硝丁酯(1098)+TX、敌杀磷(1102)+TX、二苯砜(IUPAC名称)(1103)+TX、双硫仑(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙拌磷(278)+TX、DNOC(282)+TX、多芬纳普(dofenapyn)(1113)+TX、多拉菌素(别名)CCN]+TX、硫丹(294)+TX、因毒磷(1121)+TX、EPN(297)+TX、乙酰氨基阿维菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙硫磷(309)+TX、益硫磷(1134)+TX、乙螨唑(320)+TX、乙嘧硫磷(1142)+TX、抗螨唑(1147)+TX、喹螨醚(328)+TX、苯丁锡(330)+TX、苯硫威(337)+TX、甲氰菊酯(342)+TX、吡螨胺(别名)+TX、唑螨酯(345)+TX、芬螨酯(1157)+TX、芬催凡尼尔(fentrifanil)(1161)+TX、氰戊菊酯(349)+TX、氟虫腈(354)+TX、嘧螨酯(360)+TX、氟佐隆(1166)+TX、氟螨噻(1167)+TX、氟螨脲(366)+TX、氟氰戊菊酯(367)+TX、联氟螨(1169)+TX、氟虫脲(370)+TX、氟氯苯菊酯(372)+TX、氟杀螨(1174)+TX、氟胺氰菊酯(1184)+TX、FMC 1137(研究代码)(1185)+TX、伐虫脒(405)+TX、伐虫脒盐酸盐(405)+TX、安果(1192)+TX、胺甲威(1193)+TX、γ-六氯环己烷(430)+TX、果绿定(1205)+TX、苄螨醚(424)+TX、庚烯磷(432)+TX、十六环丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1216)+TX、噻螨酮(441)+TX、碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)+TX、水胺硫磷(别名)(473)+TX、异丙基O-(甲氧基氨基硫代磷酰基)水杨酸盐(IUPAC名称)(473)+TX、伊维菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、茉酮菊素I(696)+TX、茉酮菊素II(696)+TX、碘硫磷(1248)+TX、林丹(430)+TX、虱螨脲(490)+TX、马拉硫磷(492)+TX、丙螨氰(1254)+TX、灭蚜磷(502)+TX、二噻磷(1261)+TX、二甲噻蒽(别名)[CCN]+TX、虫螨畏(1266)+TX、甲胺磷(527)+TX、杀扑磷(529)+TX、灭虫威(530)+TX、灭多威(531)+TX、溴甲烷(537)+TX、速灭威(550)+TX、速灭磷(556)+TX、自克威(1290)+TX、米尔(557)+TX、米尔贝肟(别名)[CCN]+TX、丙胺氟(1293)+TX、久效磷(561)+TX、茂果(1300)+TX、莫西菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、二溴磷(567)+TX、NC-184(化合物代码)+TX、NC-512(化合物代码)+TX、氟蚁灵(1309)+TX、尼可霉素(别名)[CCN]+TX、戊氰威(1313)+TX、戊氰威1:1氯化锌复合物(1313)+TX、NNI-0101(化合物代码)+TX、NNI-0250(化合物代码)+TX、氧化乐果(594)+TX、杀线威(602)+TX、异亚砜磷(1324)+TX、砜拌磷(1325)+TX、pp’-DDT(219)+TX、对硫磷(615)+TX、氯菊酯(626)+TX、石油(别名)(628)+TX、芬硫磷(1330)+TX、稻丰散(631)+TX、甲拌磷(636)+TX、伏杀硫磷(637)+TX、硫环磷(1338)+TX、亚胺硫磷(638)+TX、磷胺(639)+TX、辛硫磷(642)+TX、甲基嘧啶磷(652)+TX、氯化松节油(传统名)(1347)+TX、浏阳霉纛(别名)(653)+TX、丙氯诺(1350)+TX、丙溴磷(662)+TX、蜱虱威(1354)+TX、克螨特(671)+TX、强敌(673)+TX、残杀威(678)+TX、乙噻唑磷(1360)+TX、发果(1362)+TX、除虫菊酯I(696)+TX、除虫菊酯II(696)+TX、除虫菊酯(696)+TX、哒螨灵(699)+TX、哒嗪硫磷(701)+TX、嘧螨醚(706)+TX、嘧硫磷(1370)+TX、喹硫磷(711)+TX、喹硫磷(1381)+TX、R-1492(研究代码)(1382)+TX、RA-17(研究代码)(1383)+TX、鱼藤酮(722)+TX、八甲磷(1389)+TX、硫线磷(别名)+TX、司拉克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、SI-0009(化合物代码)+TX、苏硫磷(1402)+TX、螺螨酯(738)+TX、甲螨酯(739)+TX、SSI-121(研究代码)(1404)+TX、舒非仑(别名)[CCN]+TX、氟虫胺(750)+TX、治螟磷(753)+TX、硫(754)+TX、SZI-121(研究代码)(757)+TX、氟胺氰菊酯(398)+TX、吡螨胺(763)+TX、TEPP(1417)+TX、叔丁威(别名)+TX、杀虫威(777)+TX、三氯杀螨砜(786)+TX、杀螨素(别名)(653)+TX、杀螨硫醚(1425)+TX、thiafenox(别名)+TX、抗虫威(1431)+TX、久效威(800)+TX、甲基乙拌磷(801)+TX、克杀螨(1436)+TX、苏云金素(别名)[CCN]+TX、威菌磷(1441)+TX、苯螨噻(1443)+TX、三唑磷(820)+TX、triazuron(别名)+TX、敌百虫(824)+TX、氯苯乙丙磷(1455)+TX、三活菌素(别名)(653)+TX、蚜灭磷(847)+TX、氟吡唑虫[CCN]以及YI-5302(复合代码)+TX,
一种杀藻剂,该杀藻剂选自由以下物质组成的组:3-苯并[b]噻吩-2-基-5,6-二氢-1,4,2-噁噻嗪-4-氧化物[CCN]+TX、二辛酸铜(IUPAC名称)(170)+TX、硫酸铜(172)+TX、cybutryne[CCN]+TX、二氢萘醌(dichlone)(1052)+TX、双氯酚(232)+TX、茵多酸(295)+TX、三苯锡(fentin)(347)+TX、熟石灰[CCN]+TX、代森钠(nabam)(566)+TX、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)(714)+TX、醌萍胺(quinonamid)(1379)+TX、西玛津(730)+TX、三苯锡乙酸盐(IUPAC名称)(347)和氢氧化三苯锡(IUPAC名称)(347)+TX,
一种驱蠕虫剂,该驱蠕虫剂选自由以下物质组成的组:阿巴美丁(1)+TX、克芦磷酯(1011)+TX、多拉克汀(别名)[CCN]+TX、依马克丁(291)+TX、依马克丁苯甲酸酯(291)+TX、依立诺克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、伊维菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、米尔倍霉素(别名)[CCN]+TX、莫昔克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、哌嗪[CCN]+TX、塞拉菌素(selamectin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、多杀菌素(737)和硫菌灵(thiophanate)(1435)+TX,
一种杀鸟剂,该杀鸟剂选自由以下物质组成的组:氯醛糖(127)+TX、异狄氏剂(1122)+TX、倍硫磷(346)+TX、吡啶-4-胺(IUPAC名称)(23)和士的宁(745)+TX,
一种杀细菌剂,该杀细菌剂选自由以下物质组成的组:1-羟基-1H-吡啶-2-硫酮(IUPAC名称)(1222)+TX、4-(喹喔啉-2-基氨基)苯磺酰胺(IUPAC名称)(748)+TX、8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐(446)+TX、溴硝醇(97)+TX、二辛酸铜(IUPAC名称)(170)+TX、氢氧化铜(IUPAC名称)(169)+TX、甲酚[CCN]+TX、双氯酚(232)+TX、双吡硫翁(1105)+TX、多地辛(1112)+TX、敌磺钠(fenaminosulf)(1144)+TX、甲醛(404)+TX、汞加芬(别名)[CCN]+TX、春雷霉素(483)+TX、春雷霉素盐酸盐水合物(483)+TX、二(二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸盐)镍(IUPAC名称)(1308)+TX、三氯甲基吡啶(nitrapyrin)(580)+TX、辛噻酮(octhilinone)(590)+TX、奥索利酸(606)+TX、土霉素(611)+TX、羟基喹啉硫酸钾(446)+TX、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)(658)+TX、链霉素(744)+TX、链霉素倍半硫酸盐(744)+TX、叶枯酞(766)+TX扣硫柳汞(别名)[CCN]+TX,
一种生物试剂,该生物试剂选自由以下物质组成的组:棉褐带卷蛾颗粒体病毒(Adoxophyes orana Gv)(别名)(12)+TX、放射形土壤杆菌(别名)(13)+TX、捕食螨(Amblyseius spp.)(别名)(19)+TX、芹菜夜蛾核多角体病毒(Anagrapha falcifera NPV)(别名)(28)+TX、Anagrus atomus(别名)(29)+TX、蚜虫寄生蜂(Aphelinus abdominalis)(别名)(33)+TX、棉蚜寄生蜂(Aphidius colemani)(别名)(34)+TX、食蚜瘿蚊(Autographacalifornica NPV)(别名)(35)+TX、苜蓿银纹夜蛾核多角体病毒(Bacillus firmus)(别名)(38)+TX、坚强芽孢杆菌(Bacillus firmus)(别名)(48)+TX、球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillussphaericus Neide)(学名)(49)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensisBerliner)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金芽胞杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Aizawai)(学名)(51)+TX、、苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Israelensis)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌日本亚种(Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Japonensis)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌k.(Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Kurstaki)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌t.(Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Tenebrionis)(学名)(51)+TX、球孢白僵茵(Beauveria bassiana)(别名)(53)+TX,布氏白僵茵(Beauveria brongniartii)(别名)(54)+TX、草蜻蛉(Chrysoperla carnea)(别名)(151)+TX、孟氏隐唇瓢虫(Cryptolaemus montrouzieri)(别名)(178)+TX、苹果蠹蛾颗粒体病毒(Cydia pomonella Gv)(别名)(191)+TX、西伯利亚离颚茧蜂(Dacnusa sibirica)(别名)(212)+TX、豌豆潜叶蝇姬小蜂(Diglyphus isaea)(别名)(254)+TX、丽蚜小蜂(Encarsia formosa)(学名)(293)+TX、桨角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus eremicus)(别名)(300)+TX、玉米穗夜蛾核多角体病毒(Helicoverpa zea NPV)(别名)(431)+TX、嗜茵异小杆线虫(Heterorhabditis bacteriophora)和H.megidis(别名)(433)+TX、会聚长足瓢虫(Hippodamia convergens)(别名)(442)+TX、橘粉介壳虫寄生蜂(Leptomastixdactylopii)(别名)(488)+TX、盲蝽(Macrolophus caliginosus)(别名)(491)+TX,甘蓝夜蛾核多角体病毒(Mamestra brassicae NPV)(别名)(494)+TX、Metaphycus helvolus(别名)(522)+TX、黄绿绿僵茵(Metarhizium anisopliae var.acridum)(学名)(523)+TX、金龟子绿僵菌小孢变种(Metarhizium anisopliae var.anisopliae)(学名)(523)+TX、松黄叶蜂(Neodiprion sertifer)核多角体病毒和红头松树叶蜂(N.Lecontei)核多角体病毒(别名)(575)+TX、小花蝽(别名)(596)+TX、玫烟色拟青霉(Paecilomyces fumosoroseus)(别名)(613)+TX、智利捕植螨(Phytoseiulus persimilis)(别名)(644)+TX、甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua multicapsid)多核衣壳核多角体病毒(学名)(741)+TX、毛蚊线虫(Steinernema bibionis)(别名)(742)+TX、小卷蛾斯氏线虫(Steinernema carpocapsae)(别名)(742)+TX、夜蛾斯氏线虫(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema glaseri(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema riobrave(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema riobravis(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema scapterisci(别名)(742)+TX、斯氏线虫属(Steinernema spp.)(别名)(742)+TX、赤眼蜂属(别名)(826)+TX、西方盲走螨(Typhlodromus occidentalis)(别名)(844)和蜡蚧轮枝茵(Verticillium lecanii)(别名)(848)+TX,
一种土壤消毒剂,该土壤消毒剂选自由以下物质组成的组:碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)和甲基溴(537)+TX,
一种化学不育剂,该化学不育剂选自由以下物质组成的组:唑磷嗪(apholate)[CCN]+TX、双(氮丙啶)甲氨基膦硫化物(bisazir)(别名)[CCN]+TX、白消安(别名)[CCN]+TX、除虫脲(250)+TX、迪麦替夫(dimatif)(别名)[CCN]+TX、六甲蜜胺(hemel)[CCN]+TX、六甲磷(hempa)[CCN]+TX、甲基涕巴(metepa)[CCN]+TX、甲硫涕巴(methiotepa)[CCN]+TX、不育特(methyl apholate)[CCN]+TX、不孕啶(morzid)[CCN]+TX、氟幼脲(penfluron)(别名)[CCN]+TX、涕巴(tepa)[CCN]+TX、硫代六甲磷(thiohempa)(别名)[CCN]+TX、硫涕巴(别名)[CCN]+TX、曲他胺(别名)[CCN]和尿烷亚胺(别名)[CCN]+TX,
一种昆虫信息素,该昆虫信息素选自由以下物质组成的组:(E)-癸-5-烯-1-基乙酸酯与(E)-癸-5-烯-1-醇(IUPAC名称)(222)+TX、(E)-十三碳-4-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(829)+TX、(E)-6-甲基庚-2-烯-4-醇(IUPAC名称)(541)+TX、(E,Z)-十四碳-4,10-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(779)+TX、(Z)-十二碳-7-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(285)+TX、(Z)-十六碳-11-烯醛(IUPAC名称)(436)+TX、(Z)-十六碳-11-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(437)+TX、(Z)-十六碳-13-烯-11-炔-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(438)+TX、(Z)-二十-13-烯-10-酮(IUPAC名称)(448)+TX、(Z)-十四碳-7-烯-1-醛(IUPAC名称)(782)+TX、(Z)-十四碳-9-烯-1-醇(IUPAC名称)(783)+TX、(Z)-十四碳-9-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(784)+TX、(7E,9Z)-十二碳-7,9-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(283)+TX、(9Z,11E)-十四碳-9,11-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(780)+TX、(9Z,12E)-十四碳-9,12-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(781)+TX、14-甲基十八-1-烯(IUPAC名称)(545)+TX、4-甲基壬醛-5-醇与4-甲基壬醛-5-酮(IUPAC名称)(544)+TX、α-多纹素(multistriatin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、西部松小蠹集合信息素(brevicomin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、十二碳二烯醇(codlelure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、十二碳二烯醇(codlemone)(别名)(167)+TX、诱蝇酮(cuelure)(别名)(179)+TX、环氧十九烷(disparlure)(277)+TX、十二碳-8-烯-1基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(286)+TX、十二碳-9-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(287)+TX、十二碳-8+TX、10-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(284)+TX、dominicalure(别名)[CCN]+TX、4-甲基辛酸乙酯(IUPAC名称)(317)+TX、丁香酚(别名)[CCN]+TX、南部松小蠹集合信息素(frontalin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱虫十六酯(gossyplure)(别名)(420)+TX、诱杀烯混剂(grandlure)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂I(别名)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂II(别名)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂III(别名)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂IV(别名)(421)+TX、醋酸十六烯酯(hexalure)[CCN]+TX、齿小蠹二烯醇(ipsdienol)(别名)[CCN]+TX、小蠢烯醇(ipsenol)(别名)[CCN]+TX、金龟子性诱剂(japonilure)(别名)(481)+TX、lineatin(别名)[CCN]+TX、litlure(别名)[CCN]+TX、粉纹夜蛾性诱剂(looplure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱杀酯(medlure)[CCN]+TX、megatomoic acid(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱虫醚(methyl eugenol)(别名)(540)+TX、诱虫烯(muscalure)(563)+TX、十八-2,13-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(588)+TX、十八-3,13-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(589)+TX、贺康彼(orfralure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、oryctalure(别名)(317)+TX、非乐康(ostramone)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱虫环(siglure)[CCN]+TX、sordidin(别名)(736)+TX、食菌甲诱醇(sulcatol)(别名)[CCN]+TX、十四-11-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(785)+TX、特诱酮(839)+TX、特诱酮A(别名)(839)+TX、特诱酮B1(别名)(839)+TX、特诱酮B2(别名)(839)+TX、特诱酮C(别名)(839)和trunc-call(别名)[CCN]+TX,
一种昆虫驱避剂,该昆虫驱避剂选自由以下物质组成的组:2-(辛基硫代)乙醇(IUPAC名称)(591)+TX、避蚊酮(butopyronoxyl)(933)+TX、丁氧基(聚丙二醇)(936)+TX、己二酸二丁酯(IUPAC名称)(1046)+TX、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(1047)+TX、丁二酸二丁酯(IUPAC名称)(1048)+TX、避蚊胺[CCN]+TX、避蚊胺[CCN]+TX、驱蚊酯(dimethyl carbate)[CCN]+TX、乙基己二醇(1137)+TX、己脲[CCN]+TX、甲喹丁(methoquin-butyl)(1276)+TX、甲基新癸酰胺[CCN]+TX、氨羰基甲酸酯(oxamate)[CCN]和羟哌酯[CCN]+TX,
一种杀虫剂,该杀虫剂选自由以下物质组成的组:1-二氯-1-硝基乙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1058)+TX、1,1-二氯-2,2-双(4-乙基苯基)乙烷(IUPAC名称)(1056)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1062)+TX、具有1,3-二氯丙烯的1,2-二氯丙烷(IUPAC名称)(1063)+TX、1-溴-2-氯乙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(916)+TX、2,2,2-三氯-1-(3,4-二氯苯基)乙酸乙酯(IUPAC名)(1451)+TX、2,2-二氯乙烯基2-乙基亚磺酰基乙基甲基磷酸酯(IUPAC名)(1066)+TX、2-(1,3-1,3-二硫戊烷-2-基)苯基二甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1109)+TX、2-(2-叔氧基乙氧基)乙基硫氰酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(935)+TX、2-(4,5-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1084)+TX、2-(4-氯-3,5-二甲基苯氧基)乙醇(IUPAC名)(986)+TX、2-氯乙烯基二乙基磷酸酯(IUPAC名)(984)+TX、2-咪唑烷酮(IUPAC名)(1225)+TX、2-isovalerylindan-1,3-二酮(IUPAC名)(1246)+TX、2-甲基(丙-2-炔基)氨基苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名)(1284)+TX、2-硫氰酸醇乙基月桂酸酯(IUPAC名)(1433)+TX、3-溴-1-氯丙-1-烯(IUPAC名)(917)+TX、3-甲基-1-苯基吡唑-5-基二甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名)(1283)+TX、4-甲基(丙-2-炔基)氨基-3,5-二甲苯基基甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名)(1285)+TX、5,5-二甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基二甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名)(1085)+TX、阿维菌素(1)+TX、乙酰甲胺磷(2)+TX、啶虫脒(4)+TX、家蝇磷杀虫剂(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙酰虫腈[CCN]+TX、氟丙菊酯(9)+TX、丙烯腈(IUPAC名)(861)+TX、棉铃威(15)+TX、涕灭威(16)+TX、涕灭砜威(863)+TX、艾氏剂(864)+TX、烯丙菊酯(17)+TX、阿洛氨菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、除害威(866)+TX、α-氯氰菊酯(202)+TX、α-蜕皮激素(别名)[CCN]+TX、磷化铝(640)+TX、赛果(870)+TX、果满磷(872)+TX、灭害威(873)+TX、胺吸磷杀螨剂(875)+TX、草酸氢胺吸磷(amiton hydrogen oxalate)(875)+TX、双甲脒(24)+TX、新烟碱(877)+TX、乙基杀扑磷(883)+TX、AVI 382(化合物代码)+TX、AZ 60541(化合物代码)+TX、印楝素(别名)(41)+TX、甲基吡啶磷(42)+TX、乙基谷硫磷(44)+TX、甲基谷硫磷(45)+TX、偶氮磷(889)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌δ内毒素(别名)(52)+TX、六氟硅酸钡(别名)[CCN]+TX、多硫化钡(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(892)+TX、熏菊酯[CCN]+TX、拜耳22/190(研究代码)(893)+TX、拜耳22408(研究代码)(894)+TX、恶虫威(58)+TX、丙硫克百威(60)+TX、杀虫磺(66)+TX、β-氟氯氰菊酯(194)+TX、β-氯氰菊酯(203)+TX、联苯菊酯(76)+TX、生物丙烯菊酯(78)+TX、生物丙烯菊酯S-环戊烯基异构体(别名)(79)+TX、戊环苄呋菊酯[CCN]+TX、生物氯菊酯(908)+TX、苄呋菊脂(80)+TX、双(2-氯乙基)醚(IUPAC名)(909)+TX、双三氟虫脲(83)+TX、硼砂(86)+TX、溴灭菊酯(别名)+TX、溴苯烯磷(914)+TX、溴烯杀(918)+TX、溴-DDT(别名)[CCN]+TX、溴硫磷(920)+TX、溴硫磷-乙基(921)+TX、合杀威(924)+TX、稻虱净(99)+TX、畜虫威(926)+TX、特嘧硫磷(927)+TX、丁酮威(103)+TX、丁酯磷(932)+TX、丁酮砜威(104)+TX、丁基哒螨灵(别名)+TX、硫线磷(109)+TX、砷酸钙[CCN]+TX、氰化钙(444)+TX、多硫化钙(IUPAC名称)(111)+TX、毒杀芬(941)+TX、氯灭杀威(943)+TX、西维因(115)+TX、卡巴呋喃(118)+TX、二硫化碳(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(945)+TX、四氯化碳(IUPAC名)(946)+TX、三硫磷(947)+TX、丁硫克百威(119)+TX、杀螟丹(123)+TX、盐酸杀螟丹(123)+TX、瑟瓦定(别名)(725)+TX、冰片丹(960)+TX、氯丹(128)+TX、十氯酮(963)+TX、杀虫脒(964)+TX、盐酸杀虫脒(964)+TX、氯氧磷(129)+TX、溴虫腈(130)+TX、毒虫畏(131)+TX、氟啶脲(132)+TX、氯甲磷(136)+TX、氯仿[CCN]+TX、氯化苦(141)+TX、氯腈肟磷(989)+TX、氯吡唑磷(990)+TX、毒死蜱(145)+TX、毒死蜱-甲基(146)+TX、虫螨磷(994)+TX、环虫酰肼(150)+TX、瓜菊酯I(696)+TX、瓜菊酯II(696)+TX、瓜菊酯(696)+TX、顺式-苄呋菊脂(别名)+TX、顺式苄呋菊酯(80)+TX、三氟氯氰菊酯(别名)+TX、地虫威(999)+TX、氯氰碘柳胺(别名)[CCN]+TX、噻虫胺(165)+TX、乙酰亚砷酸铜[CCN]+TX、砷酸铜[CCN]+TX、油酸铜[CCN]+TX、蝇毒磷(174)+TX、畜虫磷(1006)+TX、克罗米通(别名)[CCN]+TX、巴毒磷(1010)+TX、育畜磷(1011)+TX、冰晶石(别名)(177)+TX、CS708(研究代码)(1012)+TX、苯腈磷(1019)+TX、杀螟腈(184)+TX、果虫磷(1020)+TX、溴氰虫酰胺(cyantranipilrole)+TX、环虫菊酯[CCN]+TX、乙氰菊脂(188)+TX、氟氯氰菊酯(193)+TX、三氟氯氰菊酯(196)+TX、氯氰菊酯(201)+TX、苯氰菊酯(206)+TX、灭蝇胺(209)+TX、畜蜱磷(别名)[CCN]+TX、d-柠檬烯(别名)[CCN]+TX、d-胺菊酯(别名)(788)+TX、DAEP(1031)+TX、棉隆(216)+TX、DDT(219)+TX、一甲呋喃丹(1034)+TX、溴氰菊酯(223)+TX、田乐磷(1037)+TX、田乐磷-O(1037)+TX、田乐磷-S(1037)+TX、内吸磷(1038)+TX、内吸磷-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-O(1038)+TX、内吸磷-O-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S(1038)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基(224)+TX、横吸怜(demeton-S-methylsulphon)(1039)+TX、丁醚脲(226)+TX、氯亚胺硫磷(1042)+TX、二胺磷(1044)+TX、二嗪农(227)+TX、异氯硫磷(1050)+TX、除线磷(1051)+TX、敌敌畏(236)+TX、二克磷(别名)+TX、敌来死(别名)[CCN]+TX、百治磷(243)+TX、地昔尼尔(244)+TX、狄氏剂(1070)+TX、5-甲基吡唑-3-基磷酸二乙基酯(IUPAC名)(1076)+TX、除虫脲(250)+TX、双羟丙茶碱(别名)[CCN]+TX、四氟甲醚菊酯[CCN]+TX、甲氟磷(1081)+TX、地麦威(1085)+TX、乐果(262)+TX、苄菌酯(1083)+TX、甲基毒虫畏(265)+TX、敌蝇威(1086)+TX、消螨酚(1089)+TX、消螨酚(dinex-diclexine)(1089)+TX、丙硝酚(1093)+TX、戊硝酚(1094)+TX、地乐酚(1095)+TX、呋虫胺(271)+TX、苯虫醚(1099)+TX、蔬果磷(1100)+TX、二氧威(1101)+TX、敌杀磷(1102+TX)、乙拌磷(278)+TX、噻喃磷(1108)+TX、DNOC(282)+TX、多拉菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、DSP(1115)+TX、脱皮甾酮(别名)[CCN]+TX、EI 1642(研究代码)(1118)+TX、甲氨基阿维菌素(291)+TX、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(291)+TX、EMPC(1120)+TX、烯炔菊酯(292)+TX、硫丹(294)+TX、因毒磷(1121)+TX、安特灵(1122)+TX、EPBP(1123)+TX、EPN(297)+TX、保幼醚(1124)+TX、依立诺克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、高氰戊菊酯(302)+TX、依他伏杀(别名)[CCN]+TX、杀虫丹(308)+TX、乙硫磷(309)+TX、乙虫清(310)+TX、益果-甲基(1134)+TX、灭线磷(312)+TX、甲酸乙酯(IUPAC名)[CCN]+TX、乙基-DDD(别名)(1056)+TX、二溴化乙烯(316)+TX、二氯化乙烯(化学名称)(1136)、环氧乙烷[CCN]、醚菊酯(319)+TX、乙嘧硫磷(1142)+TX、EXD(1143)+TX、氨磺磷(323)+TX、克线磷(326)+TX、抗螨唑(1147)+TX、皮蝇硫磷(1148)+TX、乙苯威(1149)+TX、五氟苯菊酯(1150)+TX、杀螟硫磷(335)+TX、仲丁威(336)+TX、非诺克林(1153)+TX、苯氧威(340)+TX、吡氯氰菊酯(1155)+TX、甲氰菊酯(342)+TX、吡螨胺(别名)+TX、丰索磷(1158)+TX、倍硫磷(346)+TX、倍硫磷-乙基[CCN]+TX、氰戊菊酯(349)+TX、氟虫腈(354)+TX、氟尼胺(358)+TX、伏康脲(1168)+TX、氟环脲(366)+TX、氟氰戊菊酯(367)+TX、联氟螨(1169)+TX、嘧虫胺[CCN]+TX、氟芬隆(370)+TX、三氟醚(1171)+TX、氟氯苯菊酯(372)+TX、氟胺氰菊酯(1184)+TX、FMC 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25475(研究代码)(1386)+TX、鱼尼丁(别名)(1387)+TX、利阿诺定(传统名称)(1387)+TX、沙巴藜芦(别名)(725)+TX、八甲磷(1389)+TX、克线丹(别名)+TX、司拉克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、SI-0009(化合物代码)+TX、氟硅菊酯(728)+TX、SN 72129(研究代码)(1397)+TX、亚砷酸钠[CCN]+TX、氰化钠(444)+TX、氟化钠(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1399)+TX、六氟硅酸钠(1400)+TX、五氯酚钠(623)+TX、硒酸钠(IUPAC名称)(1401)+TX、硫氰酸钠[CCN]+TX、苏硫磷(1402)+TX、多杀菌素(737)+TX、螺甲螨酯(739)+TX、磺苯醚隆(746)+TX、磺苯醚隆-钠(746)+TX、氟虫胺(750)+TX、治螟磷(753)+TX、氟化硫酰基(756)+TX、硫丙磷(1408)+TX、焦油(别名)(758)+TX、氟胺氰菊酯(tau-fluvalinate)(398)+TX、噻螨威(1412)+TX、TDE(1414)+TX、虫酰肼(762)+TX、吡螨胺(763)+TX、丁基嘧啶磷(764)+TX、氟苯脲(768)+TX、七氟菊酯(769)+TX、双硫磷(770)+TX、TEPP(1417)+TX、环戊烯丙菊酯(1418)+TX、叔丁威(别名)+TX、特丁磷(773)+TX、四氯乙烷[CCN]+TX、杀虫畏(777)+TX、胺菊酯(787)+TX、θ-氯氰菊酯(204)+TX、噻虫啉(791)+TX、噻芬诺(别名)+TX、噻虫嗪(792)+TX、苯噻硫磷(1428)+TX、抗虫威(1431)+TX、杀虫环(798)+TX、草酸氢杀虫环(798)+TX、硫敌克(799)+TX、久效威(800)+TX、甲基乙拌磷(801)+TX、硫磷嗪(1434)+TX、杀虫双(803)+TX、杀虫双(thiosultap-sodium)(803)+TX、苏云金素(别名)[CCN]+TX、唑虫酰胺(809)+TX、四溴菊酯(812)+TX、四氟苯菊酯(813)+TX、反氯菊酯(1440)+TX、威菌磷(1441)+TX、唑蚜威(818)+TX、三唑磷(820)+TX、唑呀威(别名)+TX、三氯磷酸酯(824)+TX、异皮蝇磷-3(别名)[CCN]+TX、毒壤膦(1452)+TX、三氯丙氧磷(1455)+TX、杀虫隆(835)+TX、混杀威(840)+TX、烯虫硫酯(1459)+TX、蚜灭多(847)+TX、氟吡唑虫[CCN]+TX、藜芦定(别名)(725)+TX、藜芦碱(别名)(725)+TX、XMC(853)+TX,灭杀威(854)+TX、YI-5302(化合物代码)+TX、C-氯氰菊酯(205)+TX、zetamethrin(别名)+TX、磷化辞(640)+TX、zolaprofos(1469)和ZXI 8901(研究代码)(858)+TX、氰虫酰胺[736994-63-19]+TX、氯虫苯甲酰胺[500008-45-7]+TX、腈吡螨酯[560121-52-0]+TX、丁氟螨酯[400882-07-7]+TX、新喹唑啉[337458-27-2]+TX、乙基多杀菌素[187166-40-1+187166-15-0]+TX、螺虫乙酯[203313-25-1]+TX、砜虫啶[946578-00-3]+TX、丁烯氟虫腈[704886-18-0]+TX、氯氟醚菊酯[915288-13-0]+TX、四氟醚菊酯(tetramethylfluthrin)[84937-88-2]+TX,triflumezopyrim+TX(在WO 2012/092115所公开的)
一种杀软体动物剂,该杀软体动物剂选自由以下物质组成的组:二(三丁基锡)氧化物(IUPAC名称)(913)+TX、溴乙酰胺[CCN]+TX、砷酸钙[CCN]+TX、除线威(cloethocarb)(999)+TX、乙酰亚砷酸铜[CCN]+TX、硫酸铜(172)+TX、三苯锡(347)+TX、磷酸铁(IUPAC名称)(352)+TX、四聚乙醛(518)+TX、灭虫威(530)+TX、氯硝柳胺(576)+TX、氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐(576)+TX、五氯苯酚(623)+TX、五氯苯氧化钠(623)+TX、噻螨威(tazimcarb)(1412)+TX、硫双威(799)+TX、三丁基氧化锡(913)+TX、杀螺吗啉(trifenmorph)(1454)+TX、混杀威(trimethacarb)(840)+TX、乙酸三苯基锡(IUPAC名称)(347)和三苯基氢氧化锡(IUPAC名称)(347)+TX、皮瑞普(pyriprole)[394730-71-3]+TX,
一种杀线虫剂,该杀线虫剂选自由以下物质组成的组:AKD-3088(化合物代码)+TX、1,2-二溴-3-氯丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1045)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1062)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷与1,3-二氯丙烯(IUPAC名称)(1063)+TX、1,3-二氯丙烯(233)+TX、3,4-二氯四氢噻吩1,1-二氧化物(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1065)+TX、3-(4-氯苯基)-5-甲基绕丹宁(IUPAC名称)(980)+TX、5-甲基-6-硫代-1,3,5-噻二嗪烷-3-基乙酸(IUPAC名称)(1286)+TX、6-异戊烯基氨基嘌呤(别名)(210)+TX、阿巴美丁(1)+TX、乙酰虫腈[CCN]+TX、棉铃威(15)+TX、涕灭威(aldicarb)(16)+TX、涕灭砜威(aldoxycarb)(863)+TX、AZ 60541(化合物代码)+TX、benclothiaz[CCN]+TX、苯茵灵(62)+TX、丁基哒螨酮(butylpyridaben)(别名)+TX、硫线磷(cadusafos)(109)+TX、克百威(carbofuran)(118)+TX、二硫化碳(945)+TX、丁硫克百威(119)+TX、氯化苦(141)+TX、毒死蜱(145)+TX、除线威(cloethocarb)(999)+TX、细胞分裂素(cytokinins)(别名)(210)+TX,棉隆(216)+TX、DBCP(1045)+TX、DCIP(218)+TX、除线特(diamidafos)(1044)+TX、除线磷(dichlofenthion)(1051)+TX、二克磷(dicliphos)(别名)+TX、乐果(262)+TX、依马克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、苯甲酸依马克丁(291)+TX、依立诺克丁(291)+TX、(别名)[CCN]+TX、灭线磷(312)+TX、二溴乙烷(316)+TX、苯线磷(fenamiphos)(326)+TX、吡螨胺(别名)+TX、丰索磷(fenpyrad)(1158)+TX、噻唑磷(fosthiazate)(408)+TX、丁硫环磷(fosthietan)(1196)+TX、糠醛(别名)[CCN]+TX、GY-81(研究代码)(423)+TX、速杀硫磷(heterophos)[CCN]+TX、碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)+TX、isamidofos(1230)+TX、氯唑磷(isazofos)(1231)+TX、激动素(kinetin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、糠氨基嘌呤(mecarphon)(别名)(210)+TX、甲基灭蚜磷(mecarphon)(1258)+TX、威百亩(519)+TX、威百亩钾盐(别名)(519)+TX、威百亩钠盐(519)+TX、甲基溴(537)+TX、异硫氰酸甲酯(543)+TX、杀螨菌素肟(milbemycin oxime)(别名)[CCN]+TX、莫昔克丁(剔名)[CCN]+TX、疣孢漆斑茵(Myrothecium verrucaria)组分(别名)(565)+TX、NC-184(化合物代码)+TX、杀线威(602)+TX、甲拌磷(636)+TX、磷胺(639)+TX、磷虫威(phosphocarb)[CCN]+TX、硫线磷(sebufos)(别名)+TX、塞拉菌素(selamectin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、多杀菌素(737)+TX、叔丁威(terbam)(别名)+TX、特丁磷(terbufos)(773)+TX、四氯噻吩(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1422)+TX、thiafenox(别名)+TX、虫线磷(thionazin)(1434)+TX、三唑磷(triazophos)(820)+TX、triazuron(别名)+TX、二甲苯酚[CCN]+TX、YI-5302(化合物代码)和玉米素(别名)(210)+TX、fluensulfone[318290-98-1]+TX,
一种硝化作用抑制剂,该硝化作用抑制剂选自由以下物质组成的组:乙基黄原酸钾[CCN]以及氯啶(nitrapyrin)(580)+TX,
一种植物激活剂,该植物激活剂选自由以下物质组成的组:噻二唑素(acibenzolar)(6)+TX、噻二唑素-S-甲基(6)+TX、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)(658)和大虎杖(Reynoutria sachalinensis)提取物(别名)(720)+TX,
一种杀鼠剂,该杀鼠剂选自由以下物质组成的组:2-异戊酰茚满-1,3-二酮(IUPAC名称)(1246)+TX、4-(喹喔啉-2-基氨基)苯磺酰胺(IUPAC名称)(748)+TX、α-氯代醇[CCN]+TX、磷化铝(640)+TX、安妥(880)+TX、三氧化二砷(882)+TX、碳酸钡(891)+TX、双鼠脲(912)+TX、溴鼠隆(89)+TX、溴敌隆(91)+TX、溴鼠胺(92)+TX、氰化钙(444)+TX、氮醛糖(127)+TX、氯鼠酮(140)+TX、维生素D3(别名)(850)+TX、氯灭鼠灵(1004)+TX、克灭鼠(1005)+TX、杀鼠萘(175)+TX、杀鼠嘧啶(1009)+TX、鼠得克(246)+TX、噻鼠灵(249)+TX、敌鼠钠(273)+TX、维生素D2(301)+TX、氟鼠灵(357)+TX、氟乙酰胺(379)+TX、鼠朴定(1183)+TX、盐酸鼠朴定(1183)+TX、γ-HCH(430)+TX、HCH(430)TX、氢氰酸(444)+TX、碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)+TX、林旦(430)+TX、磷化镁(IUPAC名称)(640)+TX、甲基溴(537)+TX、鼠特灵(1318)+TX、毒鼠磷(1336)+TX、磷化氢(IUPAC名称)(640)+TX、磷[CCN]+TX、杀鼠酮(1341)+TX、亚砷酸钾[CCN]+TX、灭鼠优(1371)+TX、海葱糖苷(1390)+TX、亚砷酸钠[CCN]+TX、氰化钠(444)+TX、氟乙酸钠(735)-乙酸钠(735)+TX、士的宁(745)+TX、硫酸铊[CCN]+TX、杀鼠灵(851)以及磷化锌(640)+TX,
一种增效剂,该增效剂选自由以下物质组成的组:2-(2-丁氧基乙氧基)乙基胡椒基酯(IUPAC名称)(934)+TX、5-(1,3-苯并二氧杂环戊烯-5-基)-3-己基环己-2-烯酮(IUPAC名称)(903)+TX、具有橙花叔醇的法呢醇(别名)(324)+TX、MB-599(研究代码)(498)+TX、MGK264(研究代码)(296)+TX,增效醚(piperonyl butoxide)(649)+TX、增效醛(piprotal)(1343)+TX、增效酯(propyl isomer)(1358)+TX、S421(研究代码)(724)+TX、增效散(sesamex)(1393)+TX、芝麻林素(sesasmolin)(1394)和亚砜(1406)+TX,
一种动物驱避剂,该动物驱避剂选自由以下物质组成的组:蒽醌(32)+TX、氯醛糖(127)+TX、环烷酸铜[CCN]+TX、王铜(171)+TX、二嗪磷(227)+TX、二环戊二烯(化学名称)(1069)+TX、双胍盐(guazatine)(422)+TX、双胍醋酸盐(422)+TX、灭虫威(530)+TX、吡啶-4-胺(IUPAC名称)(23)+TX、塞仑(804)+TX、混杀威(trimethacarb)(840)+TX、环烷酸锌[CCN]和福美锌(856)+TX,
一种杀病毒剂,该杀病毒剂选自由以下物质组成的组:衣马宁(imanin)(替代名称)[CCN]和利巴韦林(替代名称)[CCN]+TX,
一种创伤保护剂,该创伤保护剂选自由以下物质组成的组:氧化汞(512)+TX、辛噻酮(octhilinone)(590)和甲基硫茵灵(802)+TX,
以及生物活性化合物,这些化合物选自由以下物质组成的组:阿扎康唑[60207-31-0]+TX、联苯三唑醇[70585-36-3]+TX、糠菌唑[116255-48-2]+TX、环唑醇[94361-06-5]+TX、苯醚甲环唑[119446-68-3]+TX、烯唑醇[83657-24-3]+TX、氟环唑[106325-08-0]+TX、腈苯唑[114369-43-6]+TX、氟喹唑[136426-54-5]+TX、氟硅唑[85509-19-9]+TX、粉唑醇[76674-21-0]+TX、己唑醇[79983-71-4]+TX、抑霉唑[35554-44-0]+TX、亚胺唑[86598-92-7]+TX、种菌唑[125225-28-7]+TX、叶菌唑[125116-23-6]+TX、腈菌唑[88671-89-0]+TX、稻瘟酯[101903-30-4]+TX、戊菌唑[66246-88-6]+TX、丙硫菌唑[178928-70-6]+TX、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)[88283-41-4]+TX、丙氯灵[67747-09-5]+TX、丙环唑[60207-90-1]+TX、硅氟唑(simeconazole)[149508-90-7]+TX、戊唑醇[107534-96-3]+TX、氟醚唑[112281-77-3]+TX、三唑酮[43121-43-3]+TX、三唑酮[55219-65-3]+TX、氟菌唑[99387-89-0]+TX、灭菌唑[131983-72-7]+TX、三环苯嘧醇[12771-68-5]+TX、氯苯嘧啶醇[60168-88-9]+TX、氟氯苯嘧啶醇[63284-71-9]+TX、乙嘧酚磺酸酯(bupirimate)[41483-43-6]+TX、甲菌定(dimethirimol)[5221-53-4]+TX、乙菌定(ethirimol)[23947-60-6]+TX、十二环吗啉[1593-77-7]+TX、苯锈啶(fenpropidine)[67306-00-7]+TX、丁苯吗啉[67564-91-4]+TX、螺环菌胺[118134-30-8]+TX、十三吗啉[81412-43-3]+TX、嘧菌环胺[121552-61-2]+TX、嘧菌胺[110235-47-7]+TX、嘧霉胺(pyrimethanil)[53112-28-0]+TX、拌种咯[74738-17-3]+TX、咯菌腈(fludioxonil)[131341-86-1]+TX、苯霜灵(benalaxyl)[71626-11-4]+TX、呋霜灵(furalaxyl)[57646-30-7]+TX、甲霜灵[57837-19-1]+TX、R甲霜灵-[70630-17-0]+TX、呋酰胺[58810-48-3]+TX、恶霜灵(Oxadixyl)[77732-09-3]+TX、苯菌灵[17804-35-2]+TX、多菌灵[10605-21-7]+TX、咪菌威(debacarb)[62732-91-6]+TX、麦穗宁[3878-19-1]+TX、噻苯达唑[148-79-8]+TX、乙菌利(chlozolinate)[84332-86-5]+TX、菌核利(dichlozoline)[24201-58-9]+TX、异菌脲(Iprodione)[36734-19-7]+TX、myclozoline[54864-61-8]+TX、腐霉利(procymidone)[32809-16-8]+TX、乙烯菌核利(vinclozoline)[50471-44-8]+TX、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)[188425-85-6]+TX、萎锈灵[5234-68-4]+TX、甲呋酰苯胺[24691-80-3]+TX、氟酰胺(Flutolanil)[66332-96-5]+TX、灭锈胺[55814-41-0]+TX、氧化萎锈灵[5259-88-1]+TX、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)[183675-82-3]+TX、噻呋菌胺[130000-40-7]+TX、双胍盐[108173-90-6]+TX、多果定(dodine)[2439-10-3][112-65-2](游离键)+TX、双胍辛胺(iminoctadine)[13516-27-3]+TX、嘧菌酯[131860-33-8]+TX、醚菌胺[149961-52-4]+TX、烯肟菌酯{Proc.BCPC,Int.Congr.,Glasgow.2003,1,93}+TX、氟嘧菌酯[361377-29-9]+TX、甲基醚菌酯[143390-89-0]+TX、苯氧菌胺[133408-50-1]+TX、肟菌酯[141517-21-7]+TX、肟醚菌胺[248593-16-0]+TX、啶氧菌酯[117428-22-5]+TX、唑菌胺酯[175013-18-0]+TX、福美铁[14484-64-1]+TX、代森锰锌[8018-01-7]+TX、代森锰[12427-38-2]+TX、代森联[9006-42-2]+TX、甲代森锌(propineb)[12071-83-9]+TX、塞仑[137-26-8]+TX、代森锌[12122-67-7]+TX、福美锌[137-30-4]+TX、敌菌丹(captafol)[2425-06-1]+TX、克菌丹[133-06-2]+TX、苯氟磺胺[1085-98-9]+TX、唑啶草(fluoroimide)[41205-21-4]+TX、灭菌丹[133-07-3]+TX、甲苯氟磺胺[731-27-1]+TX、波尔多(bordeaux)混合物[8011-63-0]+TX、氢氧化铜(copperhydroxid)[20427-59-2]+TX、氯化铜(copperoxychlorid)[1332-40-7]+TX、硫酸铜(coppersulfat)[7758-98-7]+TX、氧化铜(copperoxid)[1317-39-1]+TX、代森锰铜(mancopper)[53988-93-5]+TX、喹啉铜(oxine-copper)[10380-28-6]+TX、敌螨普(dinocap)[131-72-6]+TX、酞菌酯(nitrothal-isopropyl)[10552-74-6]+TX、克瘟散[17109-49-8]+TX、异稻瘟净(iprobenphos)[26087-47-8]+TX、稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)[50512-35-1]+TX、氯瘟磷(phosdiphen)[36519-00-3]+TX、克菌磷(pyrazophos)[13457-18-6]+TX、甲基托氯磷(tolclofos-methyl)[57018-04-9]+TX、苯并噻二唑-(acibenzolar-S-methyl)[135158-54-2]+TX、敌菌灵[101-05-3]+TX、苯噻菌胺[413615-35-7]+TX、灭瘟素(blasticidin)-S[2079-00-7]+TX、灭螨猛(chinomethionat)[2439-01-2]+TX、地茂散(chloroneb)[2675-77-6]+TX、百菌清[1897-45-6]+TX、环氟菌胺[180409-60-3]+TX、霜脲氰[57966-95-7]+TX、二氯萘醌(dichlone)[117-80-6]+TX、双氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)[139920-32-4]+TX、哒菌酮(diclomezine)[62865-36-5]+TX、氯硝胺(dicloran)[99-30-9]+TX、乙霉威(diethofencarb)[87130-20-9]+TX、烯酰吗啉[110488-70-5]+TX、SYP-LI90(Flumorph)[211867-47-9]+TX、二噻农(dithianon)[3347-22-6]+TX、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)[162650-77-3]+TX、土菌灵(etridiazole)[2593-15-9]+TX、恶唑菌酮[131807-57-3]+TX、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)[161326-34-7]+TX、稻瘟酰胺(Fenoxanil)[115852-48-7]+TX、三苯锡(fentin)[668-34-8]+TX、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)[89269-64-7]+TX、氟啶胺(fluazinam)[79622-59-6]+TX、氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide)[239110-15-7]+TX、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)[106917-52-6]+TX、环酰菌胺[126833-17-8]+TX、福赛得-(fosetyl-aluminium)[39148-24-8]+TX、恶霉灵(hymexazol)[10004-44-1]+TX、丙森锌[140923-17-7]+TX、IKF-916(赛座灭(Cyazofamid))[120116-88-3]+TX、春雷霉素(kasugamycin)[6980-18-3]+TX、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)[66952-49-6]+TX、苯菌酮[220899-03-6]+TX、戊菌隆(pencycuron)[66063-05-6]+TX、苯酞[27355-22-2]+TX、多氧霉素(polyoxins)[11113-80-7]+TX、噻菌灵(probenazole)[27605-76-1]+TX、百维威(propamocarb)[25606-41-1]+TX、碘喹唑酮(proquinazid)[189278-12-4]+TX、乐喹酮(pyroquilon)[57369-32-1]+TX、喹氧灵[124495-18-7]+TX、五氯硝苯[82-68-8]+TX、硫[7704-34-9]+TX、噻酰菌胺[223580-51-6]+TX、咪唑嗪(triazoxide)[72459-58-6]+TX、三环唑[41814-78-2]+TX、嗪氨灵[26644-46-2]+TX、有效霉素[37248-47-8]+TX、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide)(RH7281)[156052-68-5]+TX、双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)[374726-62-2]+TX、吡蚜酮(isopyrazam)[881685-58-1]+TX、塞德因(sedaxane)[874967-67-6]+TX、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸(9-二氯亚甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-1,4-桥亚甲基-萘-5-基)-酰胺(披露于WO 2007/048556中)+TX、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸(3’,4’,5’-三氟-联苯基-2-基)-酰胺(披露于WO 2006/087343中)+TX、[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(环丙基羰基)氧基]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-十氢-6,12-二羟基-4,6a,12b-三甲基-11-氧代-9-(3-吡啶基)-2H,11H萘并[2,1-b]吡喃并[3,4-e]吡喃-4-基]甲基-环丙甲酸酯[915972-17-7]+TX以及1,3,5-三甲基-N-(2-甲基-1-氧丙基)-N-[3-(2-甲基丙基)-4-[2,2,2-三氟-1-甲氧基-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺[926914-55-8]+TX。
在活性成分之后的括号中的参考例如[3878-19-1]是指化学文摘的登记号。以上描述的混合配伍物是已知的。当活性成分被包括在“杀有害生物剂手册(The PesticideManual)”[杀有害生物剂手册-一本世界手册(The Pesticide Manual-A WorldCompendium);第十三版;编者:C.D.S.汤姆林(C.D.S.TomLin);英国农作物保护委员会(TheBritish Crop Protection Council)]中时,它们在上文对于特定化合物在圆括号内给定的条目编号之下描述于该手册中;例如,化合物“阿巴美丁”在条目编号(1)之下描述。当以上对具体的化合物加入“[CCN]”时,所讨论的化合物包括在“杀有害生物剂通用名纲要(Compendium of Pesticide Common Names)”中,该纲要在互联网上可得:[A.伍德(Wood);杀有害生物剂通用名纲要(Compendium of Pesticide Common Names),版权1995-2004];例如化合物“乙酰虫腈”在互联网http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/ acetoprole.html下进行了描述。
上述的活性成分中大部分在上文是通过所谓的“通用名”、相关的“ISO通用名”或在个别情况下使用的另一个“通用名”来提及。如果名称不是“通用名”,那么对于特定化合物在圆括号内给出了作为代替而使用的该名称的性质;在这种情况下,使用IUPAC名称、IUPAC/化学文摘名称、“化学名称”、“传统名称”、“化合物名称”、或“研究代码”,或者如果既没有使用这些名称之一,也没有使用“通用名”,那么使用的是“别名”。“CAS登记号”表示化学文摘登记号。
选自表A1至A27、B1至B12、C1至C12以及D1至D5(上文)的具有化学式I的化合物与上述活性成分的活性成分混合物包括一种选自表A1至A27、B1至B12、C1至C12以及D1至D5(上文)的化合物和一种上述活性成分,优选地是处于从100:1至1:6000的混合比率,尤其是从50:1至1:50,更尤其是处于从20:1至1:20的比率,甚至更尤其从10:1至1:10,非常尤其是从5:1和1:5,尤其优选的是从2:1至1:2的比率给出的,并且从4:1至2:1的比率同样是优选的,特别是处于1:1,或5:1,或5:2,或5:3,或5:4,或4:1,或4:2,或4:3,或3:1,或3:2,或2:1,或1:5,或2:5,或3:5,或4:5,或1:4,或2:4,或3:4,或1:3,或2:3,或1:2,或1:600,或1:300,或1:150,或1:35,或2:35,或4:35,或1:75,或2:75,或4:75,或1:6000,或1:3000,或1:1500,或1:350,或2:350,或4:350,或1:750,或2:750,或4:750的比率。那些混合比率是按重量计的。
以上描述的混合物可以被用于控制有害生物的方法中,该方法包括将一种含如上描述的混合物的组合物施用于有害生物或其环境中,除了一种通过手术或疗法用于处理人或动物体的方法以及对于人或动物体实施的诊断方法。
包含选自表A1至A27、B1至B12、C1至C12以及D1至D5(上文)的具有化学式I的化合物以及一种或多种如以上描述的活性成分的混合物可以例如以一种单一的“掺水即用”的形式施用,以组合的喷洒混合物(该混合物由这些单一活性成分的单独配制品构成)(例如一种“桶混制剂”)施用,并且当以一种顺序的方式(即,一个在另一个适度短的时期之后,例如几小时或几天)施用时组合使用这些单独活性成分来施用。施用选自表A1至A27、B1至B12、C1至C12以及D1至D5(上文)的这些具有化学式I的化合物和如上所述活性成分的顺序对于实施本发明并不是至关重要的。
根据本发明的这些组合物还可以包含其他固体或液体助剂,如稳定剂,例如未环氧化的或环氧化的植物油(例如环氧化的椰子油、菜籽油或大豆油),消泡剂(例如硅油),防腐剂,粘度调节剂,粘合剂和/或增粘剂;肥料或其他用于获得特定效果的活性成分,例如杀细菌剂,杀真菌剂,杀线虫剂,植物活化剂,杀软体动物剂或除草剂。
根据本发明的组合物是以一种本身已知的方式,在不存在助剂的情况下,例如通过研磨、筛选和/或压缩固体活性成分;和在至少一种助剂存在下,例如通过透彻混合活性成分与一种或一些助剂和/或与一种或一些助剂一起研磨活性成分来制备。用于制备这些组合物的这些方法和用于制备这些组合物的化合物I的用途也是本发明的主题。
本发明的另一方面涉及具有化学式I的一种化合物的、或优选的如以上定义的单独的化合物的、包括至少一种具有化学式I的化合物或至少一种优选的如以上定义的单独的化合物的组合物的、或包括至少一种具有化学式I的化合物或至少一种优选的如以上定义的单独的化合物的如以上定义与其他杀真菌剂或杀昆虫剂混合的杀真菌或杀昆虫混合物的用途,用于控制或防止植物(例如有用植物(例如作物))、它们的繁殖材料(例如种子)、收获的作物(例如收获的粮食作物)、或非生命材料免于被昆虫或致植物病微生物(优选是真菌有机体)侵染。
本发明的另一方面涉及控制或防止植物(例如有用植物(例如作物))、它们的繁殖材料(例如种子)、收获的作物(例如收获的粮食作物)、或非生命材料免于被昆虫或致植物病的或腐败微生物或对人潜在有害的有机体(尤其是真菌有机体)侵染的方法,该方法包括将具有化学式I的化合物或优选的如以上定义的单独的化合物作为活性成分施用至这些植物、植物的各部分或至其场所、它们的繁殖材料、或非生命材料的任何部分。
控制或防止是指将被昆虫或致植物病的或腐败微生物或对人潜在有害的有机体(尤其是真菌有机体)的侵染减少至这样一个被证明改进的水平。
控制或防止作物被致植物病微生物(尤其是真菌)或昆虫侵染的一种优选的方法,包括施用一种具有化学式I的化合物、或含有至少一种所述化合物的农用化学品组合物,是叶面施用。施用频率和施用比率将取决于受相应的病原体或昆虫侵染的风险。然而,具有化学式I的化合物还可以通过用一种液体配制品浸透该植物的场所或者通过将处于固体形式的化合物例如以颗粒的形式(土壤施用)施用到土壤而经由土壤通过根(内吸作用)渗透该植物。在水稻作物中,可以将此种颗粒施用到灌水的稻田中。具有化学式I的化合物还可以通过用一种杀真菌剂的液体配制品浸渍种子或块茎,或通过用一种固体配制品对它们进行包衣而施用到种子(包衣)。
一种配制品,例如一种包含具有化学式I的化合物、以及(如果希望的话)一种固体或液体佐剂或用于封装具有化学式I的化合物的单体的组合物,可以按已知方式,典型地通过将该化合物与增充剂(例如溶剂、固体载体以及,可任选地表面活性化合物(表面活性剂))进行密切地混合和/或研磨来进行制备。
组合物的施用方法、也就是说控制以上提及的类型的有害生物的方法,例如喷洒、雾化、喷粉、涂刷、敷料、散射或浇注,选择这些方式以适合当时环境的既定目标;并且这些组合物用于控制以上提及的类型的有害生物的用途是本发明的其他主题。典型的浓度比是在0.1与1000ppm之间,优选地在0.1与500ppm之间的活性成分。每公项的施用量优选是每公项1g到2000g活性成分,更优选是10到1000g/ha,最优选是10到600g/ha。当作为种子浸泡试剂使用时,适宜的剂量是从10mg至1g活性物质/kg种子。
当本发明的组合用于处理种子时,比率为0.001至50g具有化学式I的化合物/每kg的种子、优选从0.01至10g/每kg的种子,这一般是足够的。
适当地,预防性(意指在疾病发展之前)或治愈性(意指疾病发展之后)施用根据本发明的包括具有化学式(I)的化合物的组合物。
本发明的组合物能以任何常规形式使用,例如,具有双包装、干种子处理用的粉剂(DS)、种子处理用的乳液(ES)、种子处理用的可流动性浓缩剂(FS)、种子处理用的溶液(LS)、种子处理用的水分散性粉剂(WS)、种子处理用的胶囊悬浮剂(CF)、种子处理用的凝胶(GF)、乳液浓缩剂(EC)、悬浮浓缩剂(SC)、悬浮乳液(SE)、胶囊悬浮剂(CS)、水分散性粒剂(WG)、可乳化性粒剂(EG)、油包水型乳液(EO)、水包油型乳液(EW)、微乳液(ME)、分散性油悬剂(OD)、油悬剂(OF)、油溶性液剂(OL)、可溶性浓缩剂(SL)、超低容量悬浮剂(SU)、超低容量液剂(UL)、母药(TK)、可分散性浓缩剂(DC)、可湿性粉剂(WP)或与农业上可接受的佐剂组合的任何技术上可行的配制品形式。
可以按常规方式制备这样的组成物,例如通过混合活性成分与适当的配制惰性剂(稀释剂、溶剂、填充剂及任选地其他配制成分,例如表面活性剂、杀生物剂、防冻剂、粘着剂、增稠剂及提供辅佐效果的化合物)。还可以使用意欲长期持续药效的常规缓释配制品。特别要以喷雾形式,如水可分散性浓缩物(例如EC、SC、DC、OD、SE、EW、EO以及类似物)、可湿性粉剂及粒剂施用的配制品,可包含表面活性剂例如湿润剂和分散剂及提供辅佐效果的其他化合物,例如甲醛与萘磺酸盐、烷芳基磺酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、脂肪烷基硫酸盐及乙氧基化烷基酚和乙氧基化脂肪醇的缩合产物。
使用本发明的组合及稀释剂,以适合的拌种配制品形式,例如具有对种子的良好粘着性的水性悬浮液或干粉剂形式,用自身已知的方式将拌种配制品施用至种子。在本领域这样的拌种配制品是已知的。这样的拌种配制品可以包含封胶形式的单一活性成分或活性成分的组合,例如为缓释胶囊或微胶囊。
通常,配制品包括按重量计从0.01%至90%的活性成分,从0至20%的农业上可接受的表面活性剂及10%至99.99%的固体或液体配制惰性剂和一种或多种辅助剂,该活性剂是由至少具有化学式I的化合物与组分(B)和(C)一起,以及任选地其他活性剂(特别是杀微生物剂或防腐剂或类似物)组成的。组合物的浓缩形式通常包含在约2%和80%之间,优选在约5%和70%之间按重量计的活性剂。配制品的施用形式可以例如包含按重量计从0.01%至20%,优选按重量计从0.01%至5%的活性剂。而商用的产品将优选地被配制为浓缩物,该最终使用者将通常使用稀释的配制品。
然而优选的是将商业产品配制为浓缩物,最终使用者通常使用稀释的配制品。
实例
接下来的实例用来阐明本发明:本发明的某些化合物与已知的化合物的区别可以在于在低施用率下更大的疗效,这可以由本领域的普通技术人员使用在实例中概述的实验程序,使用更低的施用率(如果必要的话)例如,50ppm、12.5ppm、6ppm、3ppm、1.5ppm、0.8ppm或0.2ppm来证实。
贯穿本说明书,以摄氏度给出温度并且“m.p.”是指熔点。LC/MS是指液相色谱-质谱,并且该装置的说明和方法是:
方法G:
在来自沃特斯的质谱仪(ACQUITY UPLC)(SDQ,SQDII或ZQ单四极杆质谱仪)上记录光谱,该质谱仪配备有电喷射源(极性:正离子或负离子,毛细管:3.00kV,锥孔范围:30V-60V,萃取器:2.00V,源温度:150℃,去溶剂化温度:350℃,锥孔气体流量:0L/Hr,去溶剂化气体流量:650L/Hr;质量范围:100Da至900Da)以及一个来自沃特斯的Acquity UPLC:二元泵、加热管柱室以及二极管阵列检测器。溶剂脱气装置,二元泵,加热柱室以及二极管阵列检测器。柱:沃特斯UPLC HSS T3,1.8μm,30x2.1mm,温度:60℃;DAD波长范围(nm):210至500,溶剂梯度:A=水+5%MeOH+0.05%HCOOH,B=乙腈+0.05%HCOOH;梯度:10%-100%B,在1.2min内;流速(ml/min)0.85
方法H:
在来自沃特斯的质谱仪(ACQUITY UPLC)(SDQ,SQDII或ZQ单四极杆质谱仪)上记录光谱,该质谱仪配备有电喷射源(极性:正离子或负离子,毛细管:3.00kV,锥孔范围:30V-60V,萃取器:2.00V,源温度:150℃,去溶剂化温度:350℃,锥孔气体流量:0L/Hr,去溶剂化气体流量:650L/Hr;质量范围:100Da至900Da)以及一个来自沃特斯的Acquity UPLC:二元泵、加热管柱室以及二极管阵列检测器。溶剂脱气装置,二元泵,加热柱室以及二极管阵列检测器。柱:沃特斯UPLC HSS T3,1.8μm,30x2.1mm,温度:60℃;DAD波长范围(nm):210至500,溶剂梯度:A=水+5%MeOH+0.05%HCOOH,B=乙腈+0.05%HCOOH;梯度:10%-100%B,在2.7min内;流速(ml/min)0.85
配制品实例
将该活性成分与这些辅助剂充分混合并且将混合物在一个适当的研磨机中充分研磨,从而获得了可以用水稀释而给出所希望的浓度的悬浮液的可湿性粉剂。
将活性成分与佐剂充分地混合并且在一个合适的研磨机中充分地研磨该混合物,得到可以直接用于种子处理的粉末。
可乳化性浓缩物
在植物保护中可以使用的具有任何所要求的稀释的乳液可以通过用水稀释从这种浓缩物中获得。
通过将活性成分与载体混合并且将该混合物在适合的研磨机中研磨而获得即用型尘剂。此类粉剂还可以用于种子的干法敷料。
挤出机颗粒
将活性成分与这些佐剂混合并且研磨,并且将混合物用水润湿。将混合物挤出并且然后在空气流中干燥。
包衣的颗粒
活性成分[具有化学式(I)的化合物] 8%
聚乙二醇(mol.wt.200) 3%
高岭土 89%
将该精细研磨的活性成分在一个混合器中均匀地施用到用聚乙二醇湿润的高岭土上。以此方式获得无尘的包衣的颗粒。
悬浮浓缩剂
将精细地研磨的活性成分与佐剂紧密地混合,得到悬浮浓缩剂,从该悬浮浓缩剂可以通过用水稀释获得任何所希望的稀释度的悬浮液。使用此类稀释体,可以对活的植物连同植物繁殖材料进行处理并且对其针对微生物侵染通过喷洒、倾倒或浸渍进行保护。
种子处理用的可流动性浓缩剂
将精细地研磨的活性成分与佐剂紧密地混合,得到悬浮浓缩剂,从该悬浮浓缩剂可以通过用水稀释获得任何所希望的稀释度的悬浮液。使用此类稀释体,可以对活的植物连同植物繁殖材料进行处理并且对其针对微生物侵染通过喷洒、倾倒或浸渍进行保护。
缓释的胶囊悬浮剂
将28份的具有化学式I的化合物的组合与2份的芳香族溶剂以及7份的甲苯二异氰酸酯/多亚甲基-聚苯基异氰酸酯-混合物(8:1)进行混合。将该混合物在1.2份的聚乙烯醇、0.05份的消泡剂以及51.6份的水的混合物中进行乳化直至达到所希望的颗粒尺寸。向这个乳液中添加在5.3份的水中的2.8份的1,6-己二胺混合物。将该混合物搅拌直至聚合反应完成。
将获得的胶囊悬浮剂通过添加0.25份的一种增稠剂以及3份的分散剂进行稳定。该胶囊悬浮剂配制品包括28%的活性成分。该介质胶囊的直径是8微米-15微米。
将产生的配制品施用到种子上作为适合于用于此目的的一种装置中的水性悬浮液。
制备实例
实例1:此实例阐明了5-溴-1-咪唑(1,2-a)嘧啶-6-基-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉的制备
步骤1:咪唑(1,2-a)嘧啶-6-甲腈
向0.36g(2.17mmol)3,3-二甲氧基-2-甲酰基-丙腈钠盐在3ml甲醇中的溶液中添加0.18ml浓氯化氢。滴加在7ml甲醇中的0.13g(1.20mmol)2-氨基咪唑硫酸酯之后,将该混合物回流4h。然后添加另外的、在0.6ml甲醇中的0.5ml浓氯化氢并且持续回流过夜。将该反应混合物倾倒入水中并且添加氢氧化钠直至pH 6。将水相用二氯甲烷萃取,经硫酸钠干燥并且在减压下浓缩以给出呈橙色粉末状的咪唑(1,2-a)嘧啶-6-甲腈,将其不进行进一步纯化而使用。
步骤2:5-溴-1-咪唑(1,2-a)嘧啶-6-基-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉
在10min内,向0.40g(1.67mmol)咪唑(1,2-a)嘧啶-6-甲腈在3.6ml浓硫酸中的冷溶液(0℃)中添加0.38g(1.67mmol)1-(2-溴苯基)-2-甲基-丙-2-醇,并且将该混合物在此温度下搅拌1.5h。将该反应混合物倾倒入冰水中并且使用氢氧化钠将pH调节至10。将水相用二氯甲烷萃取,经硫酸钠干燥并且在减压下浓缩以给出橙色油,将其通过快速柱色谱法(于乙酸乙酯中的0-5%乙醇)进行纯化以给出呈泡沫状的5-溴-1-咪唑(1,2-a)嘧啶-6-基-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=1.30(6H,s),2.92(2H,s),7.15-7.25(2H,m),7.59(1H,s),7.69(1H,d),7.88(1H,s),8.68(1H,d),8.75(1H,d)。
实例2:此实例阐明了5-溴-3,3-二甲基-1-吡唑并(1,5-a)嘧啶-6-基-4H-异喹啉的制备
在10min内,向0.50g(3.47mmol)吡唑并(1,5-a)嘧啶-6-甲腈在7.6ml浓硫酸中的冷溶液(0℃)中添加0.79g(3.47mmol)1-(2-溴苯基)-2-甲基-丙-2-醇,并且将该混合物在此温度下搅拌1.5h。将该反应混合物倾倒入冰水中并且使用氢氧化钠将pH调节至9。将水相用乙酸乙酯萃取,并且将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥并且在减压下浓缩以给出橙色固体,将其通过快速柱色谱法(庚烷/叔丁基甲醚=2:1)进行纯化以给出呈淡黄色油状的5-溴-3,3-二甲基-1-吡唑并(1,5-a)嘧啶-6-基-4H-异喹啉。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=1.31(6H,s),2.92(2H,s),6.72(1H,s),7.18(1H,t),7.28(1H,d),7.69(1H,d),8.18(1H,s),8.70(1H,s),8.90(1H,s)。
实例3:此实例阐明了5-溴-1-(3-氟吡唑并(1,5-a)嘧啶-6-基)-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉的制备
向0.22g(0.62mmol)5-溴-3,3-二甲基-1-吡唑并(1,5-a)嘧啶-6-基-4H-异喹啉在3ml乙腈中的溶液中添加0.28g(1.86mmol)二氟化银并且将该混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将该反应混合物倾倒入水中并且将水相用乙酸乙酯萃取。将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥并且在减压下浓缩以给出棕色油,将其通过快速柱色谱法(甲苯/乙酸乙酯=10:1)进行纯化以给出呈棕色油状的5-溴-1-(3-氟吡唑并(1,5-a)嘧啶-6-基)-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=1.29(6H,s),2.92(2H,s),7.20(1H,t),7.26(1H,d),7.70(1H,d),8.09(1H,s),8.68(1H,s),8.77(1H,s)。
实例4:此实例阐明了5-氟-3,3,4,4-四甲基-1-吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基-3,4-二氢-异喹啉的制备
经一个25min的时间段,向吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-甲腈(0.35mmol,0.059g)在硫酸(98%w/w,0.76mL,0.46mol/L)中的冷溶液(0℃)中以小份添加3-(2-氟苯基)-2,3-二甲基-丁-2-醇(1.0当量,0.35mmol,0.068g)。然后将该反应混合物缓慢倾倒入冰水混合物中并且使用水性NaOH溶液(2mol/L)将PH调节至9。将水相用DCM萃取,并且将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在减压下浓缩以给出100mg橙色残余物,将其通过快速柱色谱法(于环己烷中的0-50%EtOAc)进行纯化以给出呈白色固体的5-氟-3,3,4,4-四甲基-1-吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基-3,4-二氢-异喹啉(0.093mmol,30mg,27%产量)。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=1.32(6H,s),1.46(6H,d,J=2.57Hz),6.79(1H,dd,J=2.38,0.92Hz),7.12(1H,dd,J=7.34,1.47Hz),7.17-7.34(3H,m),8.22(1H,d,J=2.20Hz),8.71(1H,d,J=2.20Hz),8.92(1H,d,J=1.47Hz);19F-NMR(377MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=-109.72(1F,br.s.);LC-MS,UV检测:220nm;Rt=1.33,MS:(M+1)=323.4
实例5:此实例阐明了5-氟-3,3,4,4-四甲基-1-吡咯并[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基-异喹啉的制备
步骤1:5-氯-2-丙-1-炔基-嘧啶的制备。
在室温下,向2,5-二氯嘧啶(20.4mmol,3.10g)在二噁烷(1M,20mL)中的溶液中添加三丁基(1-丙炔基)锡(1.1当量,22.4mmol,7.1mL),随后是双(三苯基膦)钯(II)二氯化物(2.04mmol,0.1当量,1.45g)。将该反应混合物脱气,然后在80℃下搅拌过夜。将该反应混合物用NaOH(0.50M)和NaHCO3溶液淬灭并且剧烈搅拌1h。将该混合物用二氯甲烷萃取并且将合并的有机相用NaOH和盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩。将该残余物通过快速柱色谱法进行纯化以给出呈橙色固体的5-氯-2-丙-1-炔基-嘧啶(2.74g,88%产量):LC-MS(方法G),Rt=0.68;MS:(M+1)=153-155。
步骤2:3-氯吡咯并(1,2-a)嘧啶的制备。
将5-氯-2-丙-1-炔基-嘧啶(9.83mmol,1.50g)在二甲基乙酰胺(0.30M,30mL)和三乙胺(7当量,68.8mmol,9.6mL)中的溶液进行脱气。然后在室温下,添加氯化铜(2.0当量,19.7mmol,2.01g)并且将该反应混合物在140℃下搅拌4小时。将该反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释并且用饱和水性NH4Cl溶液、水以及盐水洗涤。将有机相分离并且经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩。将该残余物通过快速柱色谱法进行纯化以给出呈黄色固体的3-氯吡咯并(1,2-a)嘧啶(248mg,17%产量):LC-MS(方法G),Rt=0.75,MS:(M+1)=153-155。
步骤3:吡咯并(1,2-a)嘧啶-3-甲腈的制备。
向3-氯吡咯并(1,2-a)嘧啶(1.61mmol,0.250g)在DMF(0.20M,8.0mL)中的溶液中添加氰化锌(4.0当量,6.42mmol,0.754g)和四(三苯基膦)钯(0.20当量,0.321mmol,0.371g)。将该反应混合物在微波中在190℃下辐照30min。将该反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释并用饱和水性NaHCO3溶液、水以及盐水洗涤。收集有机相并且经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩。将该残余物通过快速柱色谱法进行纯化以给出呈黄色固体的吡咯并(1,2-a)嘧啶-3-甲腈(120mg,52%产量):mp:165-167℃;LC-MS(方法G),Rt=0.56,MS:(M+1)=144。
步骤4:5-氟-3,3,4,4-四甲基-1-吡咯并[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基-异喹啉的制备。
在0-5℃下,向吡咯并(1,2-a)嘧啶-3-甲腈(0.75mmol,0.107g)和3-(2-氟苯基)-2,3-二甲基-丁-2-醇(3.0当量,2.24mmol,0.44g)在二氯乙烷(0.20M,3.7mL)中的溶液中滴加三氟甲磺酸(20当量,15mmol,1.35mL)。将该反应混合物在0℃下搅拌3h,然后用二氯甲烷(50mL)稀释并且用饱和水性NaHCO3溶液淬灭。将该混合物在pH=8-9下用二氯甲烷萃取。将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩。将该残余物通过快速柱色谱法进行纯化以给出呈胶状的5-氟-3,3,4,4-四甲基-1-吡咯并[1,2-a]嘧啶-3-基-异喹啉(89mg,33%产量):LC-MS(方法G),Rt=0.81,MS:(M+1)=322。
实例6:此实例阐明了6-(4,4,5-三氟-3,3-二甲基-1-异喹啉基)吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-3-甲腈的制备
步骤1:3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-甲腈的制备
在室温下,向(E)-2-氰基-3,3-二甲氧基-丙-1-烯-1-醇钠(11.1mmol,1.83g)在甲醇(0.20M,30mL)中的溶液中添加HCl(12M,6.8当量,42.0mmol,3.5mL)随后滴加在甲醇(0.20M,30mL)中的4-溴-1H-吡唑-3-胺(6.17mmol,1.00g)。将该反应混合物在室温下搅拌1.5h。将该反应混合物在真空中浓缩,然后添加水并且将该混合物用二氯甲烷萃取。将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩以给出呈黄色固体的3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-甲腈(1.38g,95%产量):mp:156-159℃;LC-MS(方法G),Rt=0.64;MS:(M+1)=223-225。
步骤2:1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉的制备
在0℃下,向3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-甲腈在冷硫酸(50当量,212.9mmol,12.3mL)中的溶液中滴加1-(2-氟苯基)-2-甲基-丙-2-醇并且将该反应混合物在0-5℃下搅拌1.5h。将该反应混合物小心地倒入与水性NaOH溶液(1M)混合的冷饱和水性NaHCO3溶液中。将该混合物在pH 8-9下用二氯甲烷萃取。将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩。将该残余物通过快速柱色谱法进行纯化以给出呈黄色固体的1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉(0.51g,32%产量):mp:121-123℃;LC-MS(方法G),Rt=1.01;MS:(M+1)=373-375
步骤3:4-溴-1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉的制备
在室温下,向1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉(1.31mmol,0.49g)在CCl4(0.10M,13mL)中的溶液中添加N-溴琥珀酰亚胺(2.1当量,2.76mmol,0.496g)和AIBN(0.1当量,0.131mmol,22mg),并且将该反应混合物在70℃下搅拌8小时(已经添加3次AIBN(0.1当量)用于完全转化)。允许该反应混合物冷却至室温并且经硅藻土垫过滤。将该垫用二氯甲烷洗涤。将该滤液用饱和水性NaHCO3溶液并且用盐水洗涤。将其经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩以给出呈橙色固体的4-溴-1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉(770mg,98%产量),将其不进行进一步纯化而直接用于下一步:LC-MS(方法G),Rt=1.09;MS:(M+1)=453。
步骤4:1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉-4-醇的制备
将4-溴-1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉(1.36mmol,770mg)在水(0.10M,14mL)和二噁烷(0.10M,14mL)混合物中的溶液在80℃下搅拌2.5小时。允许该反应混合物冷却至室温,用乙酸乙酯和水稀释并且用饱和水性NaHCO3溶液碱化至pH 8-9。将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩以给出呈橙色胶状的1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉-4-醇(620mg,99%产量),将其不进行进一步纯化而直接用于下一步:LC-MS(方法G),Rt=0.81;MS:(M+1)=389-391。步骤5:1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-异喹啉-4-酮的制备
在0-5℃下,向1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-4H-异喹啉-4-醇(1.59mmol,620mg)在二氯甲烷(0.08M,20mL)中的溶液中添加1,1-三乙酰氧基-1,1-二氢-1,2-苯碘酰-3(1H)-酮(1.25当量,1.99mmol,871mg),并且在3小时内将该反应混合物从0℃搅拌至室温。将该反应混合物用二氯甲烷稀释,并且用饱和水性NaHCO3溶液并且用盐水洗涤。将有机相用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将该残余物通过快速柱色谱法进行纯化以给出呈黄色固体的1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-异喹啉-4-酮(360mg,53%产量):mp:201-203℃;LC-MS(方法G),Rt=0.94,MS:(M+1)=387-389。
步骤6:1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-4,4,5-三氟-3,3-二甲基-异喹啉的制备
将1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-5-氟-3,3-二甲基-异喹啉-4-酮(0.929mmol,360mg)在2,2-二氟-1,3-二甲基-咪唑烷(10.0当量,9.29mmol,1.2mL)中的溶液在105℃下搅拌过夜。允许该反应混合物冷却至室温,然后通过缓慢添加至饱和水性NaHCO3溶液中进行淬灭。将水相在pH 7-8下用二氯甲烷萃取并且将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩。将该残余物通过快速柱色谱法进行纯化以给出呈白色固体的1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-4,4,5-三氟-3,3-二甲基-异喹啉(270mg,71%产量):mp 164-166℃;LC-MS(方法G)Rt=1.08;MS:(M+1)=409-411。
步骤7:6-(4,4,5-三氟-3,3-二甲基-1-异喹啉基)吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-3-甲腈的制备
向1-(3-溴吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-4,4,5-三氟-3,3-二甲基-异喹啉(0.269mmol,110mg)在DMF(0.1M,2.7mL)中的溶液中添加氰化锌(4当量,1.075mmol,126mg)。将该溶液用氩脱气,然后添加四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(0.2当量,62.1mg)并且将该反应混合物在MW中在170℃下辐照20min。将该反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释并且用饱和水性NaHCO3溶液淬灭。将水相用乙酸乙酯萃取并且将合并的有机相用水和盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且浓缩。将该残余物通过快速柱色谱法进行纯化以给出呈浅棕色固体的6-(4,4,5-三氟-3,3-二甲基-1-异喹啉基)吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-3-甲腈(44mg,44%产量):mp 215-217℃;LC-MS(方法G)Rt=1.00;MS:(M+1)=356。
表E:具有化学式I的化合物的物理数据
灰葡萄孢菌(Botryotinia fuckeliana,Botrytis cinerea)/液体培养(灰霉病)
将来自冷冻储存的真菌分生孢子直接混入营养肉汤(沃格尔(Vogels)肉汤)中。在将试验化合物的(DMSO)溶液置于微量滴定板(96孔规格)中之后,添加含有真菌孢子的营养肉汤。将这些测试板在24℃进行孵育并且施用之后3-4天通过光度法测定对生长的抑制。
当与在相同条件下显示出广泛的疾病发展的未处理的对照相比时,来自表E的以下化合物在20ppm处对灰葡萄孢菌给出至少80%的控制:
E 1、E 2、E 3、E 4、E 6、E 7、E 8、E 9、E 10、E 11、E 12、E 13、E 14、E 15、E 16、E17、E 20、E 21、E 22、E 23、E 24、E 25、E 26、E 31、E 32。
瓜小丛壳菌(Glomerella lagenarium)(瓜类炭疽菌(Colletotrichumlagenarium))/液体培养(炭疽病)
将来自低温储存物的真菌分生孢子直接混入营养肉汤(PDB马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤)中。在将试验化合物的(DMSO)溶液置于微量滴定板(96孔规格)中之后,添加含有真菌孢子的营养肉汤。将这些测试板在24℃下孵育并且施用3-4天以后通过光度法测量对生长的抑制。
E 1、E 2、E 3、E 4、E 6、E 7、E 8、E 9、E 10、E 11、E 12、E 13、E 14、E 15、E 16、E17、E 20、E 21、E 22、E 23、E 24、E 25、E 26、E 27,E 29,E 31、E 32。
黄色镰刀菌/液体培养(赤霉病)
将来自低温储存物的真菌分生孢子直接混入营养肉汤(PDB马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤)中。在将试验化合物的(DMSO)溶液置于微量滴定板(96孔规格)中之后,添加含有真菌孢子的营养肉汤。将这些测试板在24℃进行孵育并且施用之后3-4天通过光度法测定对生长的抑制。
当与在相同条件下显示出广泛的疾病发展的未处理的对照相比时,来自表E的以下化合物在20ppm处对黄色镰刀菌给出至少80%的控制:
E 1、E 2、E 3、E 4、E 15、E 23、E 25。
小麦全蚀病菌/液体培养(谷类全蚀病)
将来自低温储存物的菌丝体片段直接混入营养肉汤(PDB(马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤))中。在将试验化合物的(DMSO)溶液置于微量滴定板(96孔规格)中之后,添加含有真菌孢子的营养肉汤。将这些测试板在24℃进行孵育并且施用之后4-5天通过光度法测定对生长的抑制。
当与在相同条件下显示出广泛的疾病发展的未处理的对照相比时,来自表E的以下化合物在20ppm处对小麦全蚀病菌给出至少80%的控制:
E 7、E 11。
雪腐明梭孢(Monographella nivalis)(雪霉叶枯菌(Microdochium nivale))/液体培养(谷类根腐病)
将来自低温储存物的真菌分生孢子直接混入营养肉汤(PDB马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤)中。在将试验化合物的(DMSO)溶液置于微量滴定板(96孔规格)中之后,添加含有真菌孢子的营养肉汤。将这些测试板在24℃进行孵育并且施用之后4-5天通过光度法测定对生长的抑制。
当与在相同条件下显示出广泛的疾病发展的未处理的对照相比时,来自表E的以下化合物在20ppm处对雪腐明梭孢给出至少80%的控制:
E 1、E 2、E 3、E 4、E 7、E 11、E 14、E 15、E 22。
Claims (10)
1.一种具有化学式I的化合物:
其中
A1、A2、以及A3中每个独立地表示氮原子或CR7;其中A1、A2、以及A3中的两个或多个表示CR7;
Y-X是G1:
R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基;
R3和R4各自独立地选自氢、氟和甲基;
R5是氢;
R6是氢;
每个R7独立地表示氢、氰基、卤素、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基;
每个R8独立地表示氟、氯、溴、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基,其中该烷基和烷氧基基团可任选地被独立地选自下组的1至3个取代基取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素;n是0或1;
或其盐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中A1、A2、以及A3全部表示CR7。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中每个R7独立地表示氢或卤素。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中A1是氮原子而A2以及A3均表示CR7,或A2是氮原子而A1以及A3均表示CR7;每个R7独立地表示氢或卤素;或其盐。
5.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中A1、A2、以及A3都表示CR7;每个R7独立地表示氢、氟或氯,其中不超过一个R7基团是氟或氯;R1和R2各自独立地选自C1-C2烷基;或其盐。
6.根据权利要求5所述的化合物,其中n是0;或其盐。
7.化合物,由下式代表:
8.一种组合物,包含杀真菌有效量的、如权利要求1-7中任一项所定义的具有化学式(I)的化合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的组合物,其中该组合物进一步包括至少一种另外的活性成分和/或稀释剂。
10.一种对抗、预防或控制致植物病的微生物的方法,该方法包括向植物病原体、向植物病原体的场所、或向易受植物病原体侵袭的植物、或向其繁殖材料施用杀真菌有效量的、如在权利要求1-7中任一项所定义的具有化学式(I)的化合物或包括杀真菌有效量的、如在权利要求1-7中任一项所定义的具有化学式(I)的化合物的组合物。
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ES2657999T3 (es) | 2018-03-07 |
BR112016019955B1 (pt) | 2021-06-08 |
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