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CN106061634B - Waste treatment apparatus and refuse processing method - Google Patents

Waste treatment apparatus and refuse processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106061634B
CN106061634B CN201580010094.3A CN201580010094A CN106061634B CN 106061634 B CN106061634 B CN 106061634B CN 201580010094 A CN201580010094 A CN 201580010094A CN 106061634 B CN106061634 B CN 106061634B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
container
treatment apparatus
waste treatment
stirring wing
air
Prior art date
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Application number
CN201580010094.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106061634A (en
Inventor
鸟丸喜之
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Chubu Ecotec Co Ltd
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Chubu Ecotec Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2014036147A external-priority patent/JP6284785B2/en
Application filed by Chubu Ecotec Co Ltd filed Critical Chubu Ecotec Co Ltd
Publication of CN106061634A publication Critical patent/CN106061634A/en
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Publication of CN106061634B publication Critical patent/CN106061634B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/04—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
    • B29C31/06—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting
    • B29C31/061—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting using stationary volumetric measuring chambers
    • B29C31/063—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting using stationary volumetric measuring chambers of the piston type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23121—Diffusers having injection means, e.g. nozzles with circumferential outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231265—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being tubes, tubular elements, cylindrical elements or set of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/21—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
    • B01F27/2122—Hollow shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms 
    • B01F27/906—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms  with fixed axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F35/92—Heating or cooling systems for heating the outside of the receptacle, e.g. heated jackets or burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/95—Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially vertically between inlet and discharge means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/99—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0422—Numerical values of angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436—Operational information
    • B01F2215/045—Numerical flow-rate values
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436—Operational information
    • B01F2215/0468—Numerical pressure values
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides the influence waste treatment apparatus that is small, being able to carry out stable processing of low cost and good appearance, external environment.Waste treatment apparatus (1) has the device outer wall (9) in the substantially external square tube shape of the columnar container in longitudinal direction (2) of internal setting stirring wing etc. and the cylinder periphery of the container (2), device outer wall (9) is combined by the external insulation plate (9a~9d) being arranged across the cylinder periphery of space covering container (2) and is constituted, heat exchange mechanisms are provided in four remaining spaces (A~D) in the corner of above-mentioned square tube shape, which heats the outside air for importing container (2) using the heat of exhaust gas.

Description

Waste treatment apparatus and refuse processing method
Technical field
The present invention relates at the waste for being handled organic wastes such as cattle waste and food debris Manage device (hermetic type fermentation drying device) and the refuse processing method using the device.
Background technique
In recent years, from animal husbandry cattle waste that body is discharged is managed and from the food of the discharges such as food industries operating agency The type and discharge rate of the organic wastes such as residue increase, and are treated as biggish social topics.To these wastes In the case where carrying out burning disposal, there are problems that at high cost, generation dioxin.In addition, in the case where carrying out landfill disposal, There are problems that discharge place ensure and stench bring damage.In addition, in recent years, due to regulations such as food recycling process It is complete, it is desirable that promote the recycling of organic waste.In view of these aspects, implementing organic waste compost The scheme changed, recycled as circulating resources.In the case where carrying out Composting, due to organic wastes such as food debris Water content is more, so the problem if insufficient be dried or ferment, there is also volume and weight greatly with corruption.
Composting facility is substantially classified as " style of opening " and " hermetic type ", and style of opening is that waste is deposited in place It is interior, carry out Composting with switching over, hermetic type is waste to be put into container and carry out Composting wherein.Hermetic type tool There is save space, the stench of surrounding is endangered less.As hermetic type, in recent years using the fermentation using microorganism Hermetic type ferments drying device (also referred to as " component "), the drying of Lai Jinhang organic waste and Composting.The component is vertical It is the compost makeup for making the waste of investment be not easy the closed longitudinal type contacted with outside air construction to columnar tank shape It sets.
For example, the fermentation processing unit as food debris, proposes following device: in the longitudinal type container with air-tightness In be mixed into food debris and aerobic microorganism, on one side in said vesse carry out air agitation while utilize aerobic microorganism Effect make food debris ferment (referring to patent document 1).In the fermentation processing unit, around being erected in longitudinal type container Rotary shaft, the stirring wing of upper and lower multistage is with radiated entend, and the lower part of the stirring wing in lowermost wears multiple ventholes, It ventilates from the venthole into container.Here, above-mentioned longitudinal type container is that have the three of heat insulation layer between the inner layer and the outer layer The thermally insulated container of layer construction.In addition, exhaust pressure fan and the attendant equipments such as pressure fan of supplying gas are set to outside device.In addition, making For the shape of stirring wing, featheriness and rodlike is instantiated, especially describes from the viewpoint of stirring efficiency and there is feather The screw type of the stirring wing of shape.
Citation
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-69477 bulletin
Summary of the invention
Subject to be solved by the invention
But waste treatment apparatus as patent document 1 (component) is used due to being set to outside room, so being easy It is influenced by external environments such as weathers, even if there is also can not carry out the hidden of stable processing using thermally insulated container Suffer from.In addition, component is due to being the internal structure using stirring wing, so its face shaping is simple longitudinal columnar tank shape Shape, particular without carry out for design the considerations of.
In addition, the processing of the organic wastes such as family's animal manure is the place of waste (dirt) in the users such as animal husbandry peasant household Reason, in waste treatment apparatus, it is desirable to cut down operation cost when initial cost and the operating when its importing as far as possible.As The attendant equipment of the device has hydraulic pressure unit, pressure fan, exhaust pressure fan, deodorization device etc., by these equipment and longitudinal type container It separates and assembles very labor intensive in setting place, increase duration and expenses of labour (initial cost).In addition, the shakiness in insulation face Fixedization is also required to the lasting operating of other air-supply heating heater, increases operation cost.
The rabbling mechanism in waste treatment apparatus comprising stirring wing is necessary as described in Patent Document 1.But root According to the shape of stirring wing and the difference of method of operation, in there are the loads of the receivings such as stirring wing and rotary shaft excessive, these components A part damage hidden danger.In addition, there is also cannot obtain sufficient whipping performance, occur bad etc. hidden danger of fermentation, with And the hidden danger that the time required for dry and Composting is long.In the device of patent document 1, about each stirring wing (every section) Shape is not inquired into as caused by its difference to the shadow for the treatment of capacity (amount being capable of handling in the same time) and stench yield It rings.
In Composting treatment, by the decomposition of organic matter, it is low to generate ammonia, propionic acid, positive acetic acid, isovaleric acid, positive valeric acid etc. The substance for the reason of grade fatty acid etc. causes stench.For example, inferior the slow drying speed the case where be easy to produce above-mentioned malodorant Matter.If inhibiting the generation of ammonia etc., it will be able to manufacture the high product of effect of fertilizer (compost).In patent document 1, it describes By improving air output to accelerate the scheme of rate of drying, but according to the relationship of itself and air output range, stirring wing-like Difference, exist not only be unable to get sufficient effect and also due to the temperature of processed material decline and cause to ferment undesirable hidden Suffer from.
In view of making air output increase temperature due to fermentation than common setting value increase in the component of hermetic type Waste it is cooling, so not doing that generally.In fact, shown in Fig. 8 (b) as be described hereinafter, in the component using previous structure And in the case where improving air output than common setting value, there is the tendency gradually decreased in treating capacity.
In addition, hermetic type as component compared with style of opening, haves the shortcomings that operation cost is high.In animal husbandry peasant household etc. In user, the processing of the organic wastes such as family's animal manure is the processing of waste (dirt), it is desirable to reduction cost as much as possible.Into In the case where the complicated structural improvement of row, cost improves inevitable.Therefore, status is that the ability of component all the year round maintains quilt It is prioritized first, the technological development improved for performance does not improve significantly.Therefore, it is intended that developing a kind of with fairly simple Means realize high process performance, the generation that can reduce odorant, can manufacture the high product of effect of fertilizer (compost) Device.
The present invention makes to cope with such problems.First, and it is an object of the present invention to provide low cost and good appearance, outer ring The influence waste treatment apparatus that is small, being able to carry out stable processing in border.Furthermore, it is therefore intended that as needed, using comparing Simple means provide with high processing capacity and can reduce the waste treatment apparatus of yield of odorant and useless Gurry processing method.
Means for solving the problems
Waste treatment apparatus of the invention has: the columnar container in the longitudinal direction of air-tightness, in the container with vertical To the rotary shaft of setting, around the rotary shaft and the multi-disc stirring wing of fixation, for conveying outside air into the container The exhaust gear for supplying gas mechanism and the internal gas for will build up in the container is discharged to external container, utilize The mechanism of supplying gas imports outside air into container, and internal gas is exhausted using the exhaust gear, and on one side Be stirred with the stirring wing to the organic waste put into the container from the upper vessel portion makes its fermentation on one side It with dry and Composting, and is taken out from the lower vessel portion, which is characterized in that the waste treatment apparatus has external insulation Plate, the external insulation plate are arranged at least part across the cylinder periphery for spatially covering the container.In addition feature It is, the device outer wall being made of said external heat-insulating shield is the square tube shape substantially external with the cylinder periphery of said vesse.
According to above-mentioned waste treatment apparatus, which is characterized in that the waste treatment apparatus has heat exchange mechanisms, institute State heat exchange mechanisms using the heat of the exhaust gas from the exhaust gear come to from it is described supply gas mechanism import container in outside Air is heated, and the heat exchanger is arranged in the space between the cylinder periphery and the external insulation plate of the container Structure.
In addition, which is characterized in that by the device outer wall that the external insulation plate is constituted be the cylinder periphery with the container Substantially external square tube shape, the heat exchange mechanisms are made up of exhaust portion and air-supply piping, and the exhaust is existed by portion's setting It is formed in the space in the corner of the square tube shape between described device outer wall and the cylinder periphery of the container, for from described The exhaust gas of container discharge passes through, and air-supply piping is arranged in the exhaust by passing through in portion, for the importing container it Preceding outside air passes through.
In addition, which is characterized in that described to supply gas mechanism and the exhaust gear is contained in inside described device.
In addition, which is characterized in that in the container, the stirring wing from the lower part of the rotary shaft to top with At least 3 sections or more of the position that specified interval is left, be at least arranged at each section 1 with Shangdi, from the rotary shaft described in It is arranged along linear extension to container inner wall side, the stirring wing has inclined surface, the stirring of uppermost on front side of its direction of rotation The inclined surface of the wing is 60 degree~85 degree relative to the tilt angle of the surfaces of revolution of the stirring wing, the stirring wing of lowermost The inclined surface is 15 degree~25 degree relative to the tilt angle of the surfaces of revolution of the stirring wing, other than uppermost and lowermost The inclined surface of stirring wing is 35 degree~45 degree relative to the tilt angle of the surfaces of revolution of the stirring wing, in stirring for lowermost Mixing has venthole on the wing, the venthole and the mechanism connection of supplying gas, for will be from the outside that the mechanism of supplying gas conveys Air imports in container.
In addition, in the structure for defining stirring wing-like, which is characterized in that the internal volume of the container is 15m3With On, the mechanism of supplying gas imports from the venthole air output (m per minute in the container in processing3) it is the appearance Internal volume (the m of device3) 1/4 or more.In addition, which is characterized in that the mechanism of supplying gas is imported in processing from the venthole The static pressure of air-supply in the container is 15kPa or more.In addition, which is characterized in that the waste treatment apparatus, which has, to be changed Heat engine structure, the heat exchange mechanisms import container to from the mechanism of supplying gas using the heat of the exhaust gas from the exhaust gear Interior outside air is heated.
Refuse processing method of the invention is characterized in that, defines above-mentioned stirring wing-like and air output using having The waste treatment apparatus of the invention of structure carry out Composting.
The effect of invention
Waste treatment apparatus of the invention has: the columnar container in the longitudinal direction of air-tightness, in the container with vertical To the rotary shaft of setting, around the rotary shaft and the multi-disc stirring wing of fixation, for conveying outside air into the container The exhaust gear for supplying gas mechanism and the internal gas for will build up in the container is discharged to external container, utilize Mechanism of supplying gas imports outside air into container, inner air is exhausted using exhaust gear, and use stirring wing on one side It is set to ferment and dry and Composting on one side to being stirred from the organic waste in upper vessel portion investment container, and It is taken out from the lower vessel portion, which is characterized in that the waste treatment apparatus has external insulation plate, and the external insulation plate is set It is set at least part across the cylinder periphery for spatially covering the container.Therefore, the air layer in above-mentioned space, tool are utilized There is high insulation effect, in the device being set to outside room, the influence of external environment is small, is able to carry out stable processing.In addition, Using the combination of external insulation plate, the shape that can be configured to other than simple longitudinal cylindrical shape, good appearance.
Above-mentioned waste treatment apparatus has heat exchange mechanisms, and the heat exchange mechanisms utilize the exhaust gas from the exhaust gear Heat come to from it is described supply gas mechanism import container in outside air heat, the cylinder periphery and institute in the container Therefore the space setting heat exchange mechanisms stated between external insulation plate using remaining space, and can effectively utilize processing The fermentation fever of object does not need other air-supply heating heater, can cut down operation cost.
The device outer wall being made of said external heat-insulating shield is the square tube shape substantially external with the cylinder periphery of container, heat exchange Mechanism is made up of exhaust portion and air-supply piping, and the exhaust is set to outside the cylinder of the device outer wall and container by portion In the space in the corner of the square tube shape formed between week, and the exhaust gas for Gong being discharged from the container passes through, and the air-supply piping is described Exhaust is arranged by passing through in portion, passes through for the outside air before importing the container.Therefore, keep remaining space few, it is real The densification of existing device entirety, and the remaining space is effectively utilized, operation cost can be cut down as described above.
Above-mentioned mechanism and the above-mentioned exhaust gear of supplying gas can be realized device entirety due to being housed in inside above-mentioned apparatus Densification.In addition, duration when implementation can be cut down compared with the case where separating these parts and in setting place assembling With expenses of labour (initial cost).
In the container, the stirring wing left at predetermined intervals to top from the lower part of the rotary shaft to Few 3 sections or more of position, be at least arranged at each section 1 with Shangdi, from the rotary shaft towards the container inner wall side along straight Line is extended, and respective tilt angle is above-mentioned prescribed limit.In addition, defining the structure of stirring wing-like like this In, the internal volume and air output of said vesse are above-mentioned prescribed limit.Therefore, air-supply is made to reach processed material entirety (subtle portion), As super aerobic, high temperature region can be expanded, can be realized the reduction of high processing capacity and odorant.
Specifically, using the stirring wing with high tilt angle of uppermost, processed material (waste) is flattened, energy Enough contacts area increased with outside air can will be in uppermost using the stirring wing of the section other than uppermost and lowermost The processed material that temperature rises due to fermentation fever is energetically stirred.In addition, using lowermost with low tilt angle Stirring wing can make the load born small, air-supply can be made equably to reach processed material whole.Due to making to blow in this state Quantitative change is more, so can further shorten dry and Composting treatment, can reduce the stenches such as lower fatty acid and ammonia significantly The yield of substance.
In the structure for defining stirring wing-like, above-mentioned mechanism of supplying gas imports sending in container from venthole in processing The static pressure of wind is 15kPa or more, therefore also makes to blow in the case where the moisture content of processed material height and be easy perforation, be can be realized The reduction of high processing capacity and odorant.In addition, above-mentioned waste treatment apparatus has using from above-mentioned exhaust gear Exhaust gas heat come to the heat exchange mechanisms that are heated of outside air imported in container from mechanism of supplying gas, so can be effective The fermentation fever of land productivity processed material does not need other heater, can reduce operation cost.
Refuse processing method of the invention defines the sheet of the structure of above-mentioned stirring wing-like and air output due to using The waste treatment apparatus of invention, therefore compared with previous device can shorten drying and the Composting of organic waste The time is handled, the amount being capable of handling in one day also becomes yields that are more, and can reduce odorant, can manufacture fertilizer effect The high product of fruit (compost).
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the perspective view and top view for the appearance for indicating waste treatment apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section view of the waste treatment apparatus of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the figure for illustrating exhaust pathway and path of blowing.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of the stirring wing in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing of the stirring wing of the lowermost in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is other longitudinal section views for indicating waste treatment apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram for indicating the flowing of the outside air (air-supply) imported in container.
Fig. 8 is the figure for indicating the relationship of the air output and treating capacity according to the difference of stirring wing-like.
Fig. 9 is the figure for indicating the relationship of air output and lower aliphatic acid concentration.
Figure 10 is the figure for indicating the relationship of difference and lower aliphatic acid concentration of stirring wing-like.
Figure 11 is the figure for indicating the relationship of blast pressure and lower aliphatic acid concentration.
Specific embodiment
According to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, illustrate an example of waste treatment apparatus of the invention.Fig. 1 (a) is to indicate offal treatment The perspective view of the appearance of device, Fig. 1 (b) are its top views.As shown in Fig. 1 (a) and (b), waste treatment apparatus 1 is hermetic type Ferment drying device (component), have the columnar container 2 in longitudinal direction for being internally provided with stirring wing and with the container 2 The substantially external square tube shape in cylinder periphery device outer wall 9.Container 2 as fermentation tank itself is with made of metal outer layer And it is airtight container with the thermally insulated container of heat insulation layer, is not easy to connect with from the outside air other than the gas that venthole imports Touching.Device outer wall 9 is combined by external insulation plate 9a~9d and is constituted, and the external insulation plate 9a~9d is across spatially covering container 2 cylinder periphery and be arranged.Machine Room 5 is provided integrally in the lower section of the container 2 covered by device outer wall 9.Device is whole Face shaping be substantially quadrangular shape.It is realized using the air layer in the space between container 2 and external insulation plate 9a~9d Insulation, passes through the dual heat radiating construction with (insulation) container 2, for the device being set to outside room, the influence of external environment It is small, it is able to carry out stable processing.
External insulation plate 9a~9d can also be by that can constitute the plate of the more subsection respectively further decomposed.The present invention Waste treatment apparatus due to be container 2 internal volume be 15m3The large-scale device of above business, so external exhausted Hot plate is also very big size (longitudinal direction is 3m or more).By being made of the plate of more subsection, so as to few Number is constructed.In addition, about the connection between plate, if due to fabrication error, there are holes to be unworthy of using bolt fastening A possibility that conjunction etc..It is therefore preferable that do not utilize bolt etc., and chimeric concaveconvex shape and right is set between being utilized in adjacent plate It implements chimeric mode.It is also able to suppress absolutely by using the chimeric of concaveconvex shape so as to prevent deviation when implementing The decline of hot property.
According to fig. 2, the internal structure of the waste treatment apparatus of explanatory diagram 1.Fig. 2 is the waste treatment apparatus of Fig. 1 Longitudinal section view.As shown in Fig. 2, the waste treatment apparatus 1 has following part: longitudinal columnar container 2；In container 2 With longitudinally disposed rotary shaft 3；The fixed multi-disc stirring wing 4 around rotary shaft 3；As the air feeder supplied gas into container 2 Supply gas pressure fan 6 and the exhaust pressure fan 7 as the exhaust gear being vented to outside container 2 of structure.In the stirring wing of lowermost Lower part there is venthole 4d, will be from the outside air that pressure fan 6 is sent of supplying gas via the air-supply piping in device (referring to Fig. 3) It is piped 10 with the importing being set in rotary shaft, and is imported in container using the venthole.There is Organic on the top of container 2 The exhaust outlet 2c of the input port 2a of waste and gas etc. has the taking-up of compost (treated organic waste) in bottom Mouth 2b.In input port, 2a and outlet 2b is provided with lid to be opened/closed of air-tightness for ensuring container etc..In addition, in machinery In room 5, it is provided with the hydraulic pressure unit 8 as the driving mechanism of rotary shaft 3, above-mentioned supply gas pressure fan 6 and exhaust pressure fan 7. Rotary shaft 3 penetrates through in Machine Room 5, is rotated using hydraulic pressure unit 8 with egulation rotating speed.Hydraulic pressure unit 8, pressure fan of supplying gas 6 and row Pneumatic transmission blower 7 is contained in inside device and integration, therefore, can cut down duration when implementation and expenses of labour (initial cost).
In waste treatment apparatus of the invention, (also it is only called below " discarded as organic waste to be processed Object " or " processed material "), enumerate a large amount of cattle wastes comprising organic composition, castoff, purification tank sludge or it Mixture.Specifically, as cattle waste, chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung, horsehit etc. are enumerated, as castoff, Enumerate rubbish from cooking, food manufacturing by-product etc., as purification tank sludge, enumerate from home-use purification tank, food workshop it is surplus The sludge except under such as remaining sludge purification tank.In addition, the Composting of waste is having item existing for aerobic zymophyte in container Under part, aerobic fermentation is carried out while ventilating by air-supply.As aerobic zymophyte, preferably under 30~90 DEG C or so The zymophyte of activation, such as enumerate Geobacillus or bacillus etc..
In the apparatus, processed material is put into from input port 2a to the inside of container 2, sends out the processed material in container It is taken out after ferment and Composting from the outlet 2b of lower vessel portion.Venthole 4d importing by one side from the stirring wing of lowermost is outer Portion's air makes each stirring wing 4 with low speed rotation on one side, carries out air agitation to processed material, so that its aerobic is fermented, to carry out Fermentation and Composting.In addition, by air-supply, while also being dried.It imports and holds from the venthole 4d of the stirring wing of lowermost Outside air in device on one side in processed material by while upwards and flow, be total to the gas and vapor generated by processed material It is sent out with ground from exhaust outlet 2c to exhaust piping (referring to Fig. 3).
As shown in Fig. 1 (b), under the form, since device outer wall 9 is the side substantially external with the cylinder periphery of container 2 Tubular, therefore there is remaining space, which has the place formed between device outer wall 9 and the cylinder periphery of container 2 Size in four spaces (A~D) left and right in the corner of square tube shape.In order to efficiently use the remaining space, preferably in the part Heat exchange mechanisms are set, and the heat exchange mechanisms utilize the heat for the exhaust gas sent by exhaust pressure fan 7, come to by pressure fan 6 of supplying gas The outside air imported into container is heated.
According to Fig. 1 (b) and Fig. 3 (a)~(d), come illustrate the slave vent using exhaust pressure fan exhaust pathway, Air-supply path and above-mentioned heat exchange mechanisms using pressure fan.Fig. 3 is from front (Fig. 3 (a)), right side (Fig. 3 (b)), the back side (Fig. 3 (c)), left side (Fig. 3 (d)) observe the air-supply of the device of Fig. 1 and the schematic diagram of exhaust pathway.Solid arrow in the figure Indicate that the flowing of the air-supply (importing the outside air before container) in importing container, dash-double-dot arrow expression are arranged out of container The flowing of exhaust gas out.Pressure fan of supplying gas 6 is set to air-supply in the way of canal path, and exhaust pressure fan 7 is set to comprising exhaust By the exhaust in portion in the way of canal path.By the operating for pressure fan 6 of supplying gas, outside air is from 11 quilt of outside air taking mouth Air-supply piping 6a is imported, which is continuously conveyed in air-supply piping 6a.In addition, passing through the fortune of exhaust pressure fan 7 Turn, exhaust gas imports exhaust piping 7a from exhaust outlet 2c, which is continuously conveyed in exhaust piping 7a.7a is piped in exhaust Way in, having makes that exhaust gas passes through and the exhaust that is full of passes through portion 7b.Air-supply piping 6a is in the exhaust by passing through ground in portion 7b Setting.In addition, in order to which for a long time in exhaust by passing through in portion 7b, a part of air-supply piping 6a is along vertical as far as possible The form setting that lower direction is turned back.Exhaust piping 7a path ends be arranged ventilation fan 12, to exhaust pressure fan 7 exhaust into Row auxiliary.Exhaust piping and air-supply piping are linked in a manner of each space for passing sequentially through four corners.Exhaust gas is anti-due to fermenting It answers and is heated, therefore (60 DEG C or more) higher than external air temperature.By making air-supply piping 6a in exhaust by leading in portion 7b It crosses, so that the heat of exhaust gas is given the outside air (heat exchange) in air-supply piping, outside air (air-supply) can be heated To the temperature for being suitable for fermentation reaction.In addition, can prevent exhaust from escaping by the heat of the exhaust gas in portion using external insulation plate Outside ease to device.By the heat exchange mechanisms of this structure, the residue generated because external insulation plate is arranged can be efficiently used Space, and the heater of air-supply heating is not needed, it can significantly cut down operation cost.
In addition, washing deodorization device or wood chip (float stone) deodorization can be arranged in exhaust pathway in the remaining space The deodorizations means such as slot.By the way that such deodorization means are arranged, above-mentioned remaining space can be efficiently used in the same manner as heat exchange mechanisms And reduce the stench of exhaust gas.
According to Fig. 6, illustrate other examples of waste treatment apparatus of the invention.Fig. 6 is to indicate waste treatment apparatus Structure longitudinal section view.As shown in fig. 6, the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the form is hermetic type fermentation drying device (component), Have longitudinal columnar container 2, rotary shaft 3 longitudinally disposed in container 2, the multi-disc stirring wing fixed around rotary shaft 3 4, as the pressure fan 6 and as the exhaust gear being vented to outside container 2 of supplying gas for the mechanism of supplying gas supplied gas into container 2 It is vented pressure fan 7.Especially, it is 15m which, which is internal volume,3The large-scale device of above business.In stirring for lowermost The lower part for mixing the wing has venthole 4d, by the outside air (air-supply) sent from pressure fan 6 of supplying gas via being set in rotary shaft Piping 6a and from the venthole import container in.Container 2 as fermentation tank is have made of metal outer layer and heat insulation layer exhausted Heat container, and be airtight container, it is not easy to contact with from the outside air other than venthole importing.In addition, in container 2 Top has the exhaust outlet 2c of the input port 2a of organic waste, gas etc., has compost (treated Organic in bottom Waste) outlet 2b.Exhaust outlet 2c and exhaust pressure fan 7 link.In input port, 2a and outlet 2b is provided with for true Protect the lid to be opened/closed of air-tightness etc. of container.
In form shown in Fig. 6, the lower section of container 2 is provided with Machine Room 5, is provided in the Machine Room as rotation The hydraulic pressure unit 8 of the driving mechanism of shaft 3 and above-mentioned pressure fan 6 of supplying gas.Rotary shaft 3 penetrates through in Machine Room 5, utilizes driving Mechanism is rotated with egulation rotating speed.In addition, waste treatment apparatus 1 have it is same as Fig. 1, via 2 periphery of container spatially The external insulation plate (illustration omitted) of covering and setting.By the way that external insulation plate is arranged, become dual heat radiating construction with container, from And more stable processing is able to carry out in the device being set to outside room.
In addition, having heaters 13 is arranged, the heater 13 to from pressure fan 6 of supplying gas for sending in form shown in Fig. 6 The outside air come is heated.Heater 13 it is not necessary to, such as also can be set using from exhaust pressure fan 7 The heat of exhaust gas is come to the heat exchange mechanisms (illustration omitted) heated from the outside air that pressure fan 6 imports in container of supplying gas. In this case, heater can not be needed, can reduce operation cost.The form and setting place of heat exchange mechanisms be not special Restriction, for example, enumerate full of exhaust gas deodorization device in make import container in front of air-supply piping pass through situations such as.
In the apparatus, processed material is put into from input port 2a to the inside of container 2, the processed material is made to ferment in container It is taken out with after Composting from the outlet 2b of lower vessel portion.Outside is imported from the venthole 4d of the stirring wing of lowermost by one side Air makes each stirring wing 4 with low speed rotation on one side, carries out air agitation to processed material, so that its aerobic is fermented, to be sent out Ferment and Composting.In addition, by air-supply, while also being dried.Container is imported from the venthole 4d of the stirring wing of lowermost Interior outside air on one side in processed material by while upwards and flow, it is common with the gas and vapor that are generated by processed material Ground is vented from exhaust outlet 2c.The exhaust is forcibly carried out by exhaust pressure fan 7.
Explain the air output and stirring wing-like in waste treatment apparatus of the invention (Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 shown in) in detail.
Processed material is the complicated mixture containing solids, liquid material and half liquid material etc., is partially block.Cause This, if air-supply does not reach the center portion thereof point, the part of anaerobic state is more.In addition, the situation high in the moisture content of processed material Under also become air-supply be difficult to by state.In this case, point of the organic waste carried out by anerobe The reason of solution generates the lower fatty acids such as propionic acid, positive acetic acid, isovaleric acid, positive valeric acid, becomes stench.In addition, not reached in air-supply In the case where the subtle portion of processed material, rate of drying is also slack-off, due to moisture presence and generate ammonia, the same original for becoming stench Cause.Ammonia be urea and in the presence of water by the effect of urase (pig manure) and uricase (chicken manure) as urea amylase and It generates.
In waste treatment apparatus of the invention, as needed (1) and air output and blast pressure can be set by being arranged It is fixed than usually high mechanism of supplying gas, and optimize (2) stirring wing-like.The feelings high in the moisture content of processed material as a result, So that air-supply is reached subtle portion under condition, become super aerobic, high temperature region can be expanded, realize high processing capacity and The reduction of odorant.In addition, high processing capacity refers to that the waste input amount that can complete processing in the same time is more, Completion processing is that the moisture content of the waste in investment container is instigated to be 35 mass % or less and complete to take out.Utilize super good oxygen Property, it is able to suppress the activity of anerobe, is able to suppress the generation of lower fatty acid.In addition, due to above-mentioned urea point Solution ferment is inactivated at 70 DEG C or more, and therefore, the high-temperature area by increasing by 60 DEG C or more is able to suppress so as to reduce activity The generation of ammonia.In addition, drying time can be shortened using Wind Volume.
(1) about air output and blast pressure
Pressure fan 6 of supplying gas as mechanism of supplying gas is a device which that the venthole from stirring wing can be made in processing Import the air output (m per minute in container3) be the container internal volume (m3) 1/4 or more.As described above, the present invention with The internal volume of container is 15m3Based on above object.Internal volume is preferably 15~100m3, further preferably 15~60m3, more Further preferably 15~45m3.It is continued in ventilation during processing.Due to can be realized the increase for the treatment of capacity and doing The shortening of dry time is able to suppress the generation of the lower fatty acid and ammonia as odorant, therefore preferably within the above range Energetically increase air output.But, if air output is excessive, there is the hidden danger that processed material is rolled and blocks exhaust piping, Therefore the upper limit is preferably the internal volume (m of the container3) 1/2.5.Thus, for example the internal volume in container is 41m3In the case where, Air output is preferably 10.3 (41/4)~16.4 (41/2.5) m3/ point.In addition, importing the air output (m per minute in container3) Further preferred range be the container internal volume (m3) 1/3.5~1/3.
In the case where air output is smaller than above range, as shown in Fig. 7 (a), there is the ventilation from the stirring wing 4 of lowermost The inner wall side of container 2 is biased in the flowing (dotted arrow in figure) for the outside air that hole 4d is imported, and the ventilation of 3 side of rotary shaft is insufficient The case where.The fermentation that this will lead to the part of rotation shaft side is bad, therefore is undesirable.In addition, if only merely increasing Add air output, according to the difference of stirring wing-like etc., the case where being biased outward there is also the flowing of air-supply, under the portion temperature There is the undesirable hidden danger of fermentation in drop.
In addition, being with the specified value of the air output of the previous general waste treatment apparatus of same area of the present invention Internal volume (the m of container3) 1/10~1/6 or so.For example, the internal volume of container is 21m3In the case where air output be 2.5~ 3m3/ point or so, the internal volume of container is 41m3In the case where air output be 5~7m3/ point or so.
Pressure fan 6 of supplying gas as mechanism of supplying gas in processing, it is preferable to use can make to import from the venthole of stirring wing The static pressure of air-supply in container is the device of 15kPa or more.Further preferably 20kPa or more.Static pressure by be arranged in from Pressure fan to stirring wing venthole path on the way pressure gauge measurement.Come by using the high pressure fan of such static pressure defeated The air-supply of high pressure is sent, to can also make air-supply exist in the case where processing moisture content high waste as shown in Fig. 7 (b) Perforation in processed material, the inside that sufficient air-supply can be made to reach container 2 are whole.In addition, the air-supply to 3 side of rotary shaft is also abundant Ground carries out, and can prevent the deviation to the inner wall side of container 2.In addition, by improving blast pressure, the oxygen amount of unit volume increases Add, the thermal efficiency also improves.As a result, the generation etc. of lower fatty acid can be substantially reduced.
(2) about stirring wing-like
In container, stirring wing 4 from the lower to upper part of rotary shaft 3 sow discord at predetermined intervals ground, multiple sections of positions, Each section is arranged defined the piece number.In Fig. 1 and form shown in fig. 6, number of segment is 5 sections, stirring wing the piece number are as follows: the paragraph 1 from lower part Be 2, the 3rd section for 3 (wherein 1 not shown), the 2nd section be 1, the 4th section be 1, the 5th section it is 2, amounts to setting 9. The number of segment of stirring wing 4 is not limited to example shown in each figure, is preferably disposed at least 3 sections or more of position.It is as follows in the various figures Classify, from lower part paragraph 1 be " lower section ", the 2nd section and the 3rd section be " middle section ", the 4th section and the 5th section be " upper section ".This In, in the case where number of segment is 3 sections of any of the above number of segment, uppermost must be classified as " upper section ", and lowermost must be classified as " lower section ".Other than uppermost and lowermost, will at least 1 section be classified as in " middle section ", it is remaining be classified as according to its position " on Section " " middle section " " lower section ".In addition, " upper section " is located at the region more top than the longitudinally central location of container 2, " lower section " is located at specific volume The region of the longitudinally central location of device 2 on the lower.
In addition, also there is no particular limitation for the piece number of the stirring wing in each section, as long as being at least arranged 1.About most The stirring wing (having venthole) of lower section, in order to uniformly and be sufficiently carried out air-supply to whole, preferably in a circumferential direction at equal intervals Ground is arranged 3 or more.In addition, for stirring wing, by more going born load bigger from upper section toward lower section, In each stirring wing, the load born closer to the part of main shaft is smaller.
Waste (processed material) is discontented as described later to be loaded in container 2, but 10~20% or so space is set It is put into more than neededly.Stirring wing 4 is configured at the range of the height H from the bottom of container 2 to processed material, the stirring wing of uppermost Position be located at the substantially topmost of processed material.In addition, bottom of the position of the stirring wing of lowermost preferably away from container 2 is slightly leaned on Gap is arranged between the bottom in top.In addition, each section of distance is on the basis of the uppermost and lowermost, and being capable of root It is arbitrarily determined according to number of segment.
In previous hermetic type fermentation drying device, have the device of stirring wing setting multistage, but it is only recognized and stirs The wing is mixed in any section all only for stirring (lowermost is also blown), the stirring wing of same shape is used in whole sections, it is right It is not studied fully in every section of left and right.In contrast to this, in the present invention, make each section (especially lower section, middle section, upper section this 3 The position of section) the effect of stirring wing make clear, and study its form based on this.
Respective effect is as described below.Upper section (especially uppermost) is empty with outside by increasing for shakeouing processed material The contact area of gas (importing from stirring wing) promotes to ferment.Middle section for will upper section due to fermentation fever temperature rise processing Object is energetically stirred.For lower section (especially lowermost), it is completed due to stirring in upper section and middle section, so mainly for It blows to entirety.
The shape of whole stirring wings 4 is all the spacing leaf that the inner wall side from rotary shaft 3 to container 2 is arranged with linear extension Plate shape has inclined surface on front side of its direction of rotation.The inclined surface of these stirring wings 4 is the surfaces of revolution relative to the stirring wing (horizontal plane) is with the plane of the inclined at inclination angles less than 90 degree (acute angle).That is, on the upside of direction of rotation rear direction and inclined surface Angle formed by direction is less than 90 degree.With the rotation of stirring wing, processed material is stirred in the form moved up along the inclined surface.
Explain the shape of stirring wing in detail according to Fig. 4.Fig. 4 is the axial rotary of each section of the stirring wing of Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 Cross-sectional view.As shown in figure 4, each stirring wing 4 connects by (level) the bottom plate 4b parallel with the surfaces of revolution of the stirring wing, with bottom plate 4b It the inclined plate 4a of conjunction and is constituted with the twisted plate 4c of bottom plate 4b and inclined plate 4a the section L-shaped engaged.The outer surface of inclined plate 4a (plane) is above-mentioned " inclined surface of stirring wing ", is engaged on front side of inclined plate 4a and the direction of rotation of bottom plate 4b.In addition, stirring wing Shape as long as there is above-mentioned inclined surface, be not limited to other specific constructions, shape especially shown in Fig. 4.But The stirring wing of lowermost needs aftermentioned outside air path.
In waste treatment apparatus of the invention, the tilt angle theta of the inclined surface of the stirring wing 4 of the uppermost in upper section 1 is 60 degree~85 degree, further preferably 60 degree~70 degree, much further preferably from 62~67 degree.Lower section (including lowermost) The tilt angle theta 3 of inclined surface of stirring wing 4 be 15 degree~25 degree, further preferably 18 degree~22 degree.It is (outstanding for upper section It is uppermost), by getting higher tilt angle as above range, thus be easy processed material is flattened, can increase with The contact area of outside air.In addition, due to be processed material top thus stirring resistance it is small, even high tilt angle, Load is also not easy to become larger.On the other hand, for lower section, due to being in the lower part of processed material so stirring resistance is big, but passes through Tilt angle is set to be lower as above range, so as to make load become smaller.In addition, complete in upper section and middle section due to stirring At so generally speaking can also be played for device sufficiently even if reduction tilt angle declines the whipping performance of the part Whipping performance.In addition, the tilt angle of the stirring wing of lowermost not will cause effect, that is, wind pushing performance of the stirring wing Adverse effect.
The tilt angle theta 2 of the inclined surface of the stirring wing 4 in middle section is 35 degree~45 degree, further preferably 38 degree~42 degree. Middle section in the upper section processed material that temperature rises due to fermentation fever for will energetically stir.In middle section, more than flowing downwards In the case of, it will lead to the reduction with the time of contact of outside air and exposure, but as described above incline by being configured to have The stirring wing of rake angle, so as to eliminate the flowing downwards as far as possible.In addition, the tilt angle in middle section is bigger, stirring property It can more improve, but the load becomes large.
It correspondingly can be realized high processing capacity with above-mentioned air output etc. and significantly stench reduce etc., therefore, In Fig. 1 and structure shown in fig. 6 (totally 5 sections), most preferably, start from below for 20 degree (lowermost), 40 degree, 40 degree, 40 degree, 65 degree (uppermost).
Each stirring wing 4 has the hollow space 4e surrounded by inclined plate 4a, bottom plate 4b and twisted plate 4c.The stirring wing of lowermost 4 hollow space 4e is connected to the piping in rotary shaft 3, is formed to the venthole 4d (perforation for being set to lower part twisted plate 4c etc. Hole) until outside air path.The lower part twisted plate 4c for being provided with venthole 4d is located on rear side of rotation direction, therefore, is not easy The blocking of processed material occurs.In addition, venthole is only formed on the stirring wing of lowermost in the form shown in each figure, but It is not limited to this, for example, it is also possible to form venthole on up 1 section of stirring wing.
In addition, and being formed as more past and stirring as shown in figure 5, venthole 4d is provided with multiple in the longitudinal direction of stirring wing 4 The outside (the inner wall side of container) of the longitudinal direction of the wing is mixed, interval more periodically becomes close.Venthole 4d is configured in this way, It, can be with abundant when taking out compost to the outlet 2b (referring to Fig.1 or Fig. 6) being arranged in the inner wall side from close container 2 Ground is ventilated and the state dried is taken out.
Refuse processing method of the invention is characterized in that having using above-mentioned waste treatment apparatus of the invention Machine castoff compost.Specific processing sequence is as follows.
(1) firstly, in waste treatment apparatus, 10~20% spatially throwing is retained relative to the internal volume of the device Enter waste (processed material).By retain 10~20% spatially investment processed material, thus the stirring of processed material fully into Row, fermentation and drying efficiency are high.
(2) processed material is fermented and is dried under prescribed conditions.
Method of operation has " batch operating " and " continuously running " both methods.
(a) in the case where " batch operating ", processed material is put into waste treatment apparatus, revolves stirring wing with low speed Turn, and import air-supply (outside air) from the venthole of the stirring wing of lowermost on one side, carry out on one side five days or so fermentation and It is dry.In this five days, neither it is taken out also without investment.Then, the fermentation and drying of 30 mass % or so will have been carried out Processed material (compost) stay in the device, the compost of remaining 70 mass % or so is taken out.The compost of taking-up is as product.Root According to needs, can also be granulated.The compost stayed in waste treatment apparatus and the processed material newly put into jointly exist Be stirred under the conditions of as before and carry out five days or so fermentation and drying and become compost.
(b) in the case where " continuously running ", processed material is put into waste treatment apparatus, carry out 24 hours fermentation and It is dry, the compost of 20 mass % or so is taken out after operation start 24 hours.Then, the new processed material of the amount of taking-up is put into. In this way, processed material investment and compost is repeated and takes out to recycle within 4 hours.
In the case where any one operating, in initially use waste treatment apparatus, preferably pre-selection puts into processed material 30 whole mass % or so, through everfermentation and the compost of last time that is taken out from the device.This is to use along feedingization Zymophyte.
In the case where any one operating, air output is imported in container with above-mentioned range.That is, making air-supply per minute Measure (m3) be the container internal volume (m3) 1/4 or more.In addition, blast pressure is preferably above-mentioned range (static pressure 15kPa More than).In addition, the revolving speed of stirring wing and the moisture content of processed material correspondingly adjust.It is generally adjusted to 40~60 points of left sides of circling Right revolving speed.The moisture content of processed material also relies on the revolving speed of stirring wing, and either side in the case where too fast or too slow is all A possibility that there are the moisture content being more than 35%.In addition, there is the taking-up from container in the case where the moisture content is more than 35% A possibility that becoming difficult.
Embodiment
1. according to the relationship of the air output of the difference of stirring wing-like and treating capacity
[embodiment]
With pig manure (water content 73%) for raw material, and use internal volume 41m3Waste treatment apparatus shown in fig. 6.Hold The diameter of device bottom surface is 4200mm.Apparatus structure is as shown in Figure 6.It is fixed 9 total with 5 sections around rotary shaft about stirring wing Stirring wing 2 or more sections are arranged at equal intervals with circumferencial direction.The inclined surface angle of stirring wing (5 sections composition) be from Lower section starts as 20 degree (lowermost), 40 degree, 40 degree, 40 degree, 65 degree (uppermost), and direction of rotation width is 190mm, long side side It is 1900mm to length.It is 40~60 minutes that the rotation of stirring wing, which is adjusted to each rotation, makes the air output (m of pressure fan3/ Point) variation, and investigate the treating capacity being capable of handling in one day.Air-supply is warmed to 60 DEG C and is imported by heater.In addition, exhaust with 37m3/ point consistently carry out.The above-mentioned raw materials of any amount are put into container, judgement whether could within one day processing time So that moisture content is become 35 mass % or less and take out, using the treating capacity of the upper limit of possible situation as each air output under this at Reason amount acquires.Outside air temperature when test is 15 DEG C average.
[comparative example]
With pig manure (water content 73%) for raw material, and use internal volume 41m3Waste treatment apparatus.Apparatus structure side Face, it is same as Example 1 other than the angle of stirring wing.In the comparative example, the inclined surface angle of stirring wing (5 sections of compositions) It is since lower section for 32 degree (lowermost), 32 degree, 32 degree, 32 degree, 32 degree (uppermost).The judgement of operating condition and treating capacity Condition is identical as embodiment, makes the air output (m of pressure fan3/ point) variation, and investigate the treating capacity being capable of handling in one day.Examination Outside air temperature when testing is 15 DEG C average.
These result is as shown in Figure 8.Fig. 8 (a) be embodiment, Fig. 8 (b) be comparative example, respectively expression air output with The figure of the relationship for the treatment of capacity.As shown in figure 8, in the comparative example of the stirring wing-like with previous structure, when making air output When certain above, treating capacity is reduced.In contrast to this, in embodiment, treating capacity proportionally increases with air output, although with The device of comparative example same volume, but the absolute magnitude for the treatment of capacity is more.
In addition, inquiring into air output (m3) with one day in the relationship for the treatment of capacity (t) that is capable of handling.In embodiment, at this Reason amount is in the 12.5 (m of air output for approximately reaching the limit3) in the case where the treating capacity be 8.0 (t), air output (m3)/treating capacity (t)=1.56.In addition, such as 6.0 (m of air output3) in the case where the treating capacity be 4.0 (t), air output (m3)/treating capacity (t)=1.50.On the other hand, in a comparative example, the treating capacity is in the 5.0 (m of air output for approximately reaching the limit3) in the case where The treating capacity is 3.0 (t), air output (m3)/treating capacity (t)=1.67.In addition, such as 3.0 (m of air output3) in the case where should Treating capacity is 1.8 (t), air output (m3)/treating capacity (t)=1.67.
Like this, air output (m3) with one day in the relationship for the treatment of capacity (t) that is capable of handling deposited according to every kind of apparatus structure In correlation to a certain degree.According to the above results, in waste treatment apparatus of the invention, make air output (m3) it is X, make this When treating capacity (t) is Y, (X/Y) < 1.7.
2. the relationship of air output and the lower aliphatic acid concentration of generation
With pig manure (water content 73%) for raw material, and use internal volume 41m3Waste treatment apparatus shown in fig. 6.Hold The diameter of device bottom surface is 4200mm.Apparatus structure is as shown in Figure 6.Stirring wing is around rotary shaft with 5 sections of fixed total 9 stirrings 2 or more sections are arranged with circumferencial direction at equal intervals for the wing.The inclined surface angle of stirring wing (5 sections of compositions) is opened from lower section Begin to be 20 degree (lowermost), 40 degree, 40 degree, 40 degree, 65 degree (uppermost), direction of rotation width is 190mm, longitudinal direction length For 1900mm.It is 40~60 minutes that the rotation of stirring wing, which is adjusted to each rotation, makes the air output (m of pressure fan3/ point) become Change, and investigates the concentration (mg/L) for the lower fatty acid being discharged from exhaust outlet.Air-supply is warmed to 60 DEG C and is imported by heater.Separately Outside, exhaust is with 37m3/ point consistently carry out.The concentration of lower fatty acid, which was measured by liquid chromatography in 24 hours, to be made to be vented Product after gas moisture condensation.Handling the time is 1 day (24 hours), and the raw material input amount put into container is proportional to air output, In 9m3/ point under be 5540kg, in 11m3/ point under be 6770kg, in 13m3/ point under be 8000kg, in 15m3/ point under be 9230kg。
The measurement result of the concentration of the lower fatty acid relative to each air output is indicated in Fig. 9.As shown in figure 9, in this hair In bright device, by increasing air output, the concentration of lower fatty acid is reduced on the whole.
3. stirring the relationship of the difference of wing-like and the lower aliphatic acid concentration of generation
In the device of the above embodiments and comparative example, the concentration (mg/L) of lower fatty acid is investigated.In embodiment It is air output 13m3/ point and the case where input amount 8000kg/1 days, be air output 5m in a comparative example3/ point and input amount 3000kg/1 days the case where.The concentration of lower fatty acid is measured by liquid chromatography after so that exhaust gas is condensed in 24 hours Product.
The results are shown in Figure 10 for these.As shown in Figure 10, compared to the stirring wing-like of previous structure and air output Comparative example, in the embodiment for being improved and being increased air output to stirring wing-like, the concentration of lower fatty acid is on the whole It reduces.
4. the relationship of blast pressure and the lower aliphatic acid concentration of generation
With pig manure (water content 73%) for raw material, and use internal volume 41m3Waste treatment apparatus shown in fig. 6.Hold The diameter of device bottom surface is 4200mm.Apparatus structure is as shown in Figure 6.Stirring wing is around rotary shaft with 5 sections of fixed total 9 stirrings 2 or more sections are arranged with circumferencial direction at equal intervals for the wing.The inclined surface angle of stirring wing (5 sections of compositions) is opened from lower section Begin to be 20 degree (lowermost), 40 degree, 40 degree, 40 degree, 65 degree (uppermost), direction of rotation width is 190mm, longitudinal direction length For 1900mm.It is 40~60 minutes that the rotation of stirring wing, which is adjusted to each rotation, makes the air output (m of pressure fan3/ point) become Change, and investigates the concentration (mg/L) for the lower fatty acid being discharged from exhaust outlet.Static pressure is utilized and is set to from pressure fan to stirring Pressure gauge (the nagano calculator society KP15-17G) measurement of the path of the venthole of the wing on the way.Air-supply is warmed to 60 by heater DEG C and import.In addition, exhaust is with 37m3/ point consistently carry out.The concentration of lower fatty acid measures 24 by liquid chromatography Product after making exhaust gas condense in hour.Handle the time be 1 day (24 hours), to container put into raw material input amount with give Air quantity is proportional, is 3000kg at 5kPa, is 4000kg at 15kPa, is 5000kg at 25kPa, is at 35kPa 8000kg is 9000kg at 45kPa.
The measurement result of the concentration of lower fatty acid relative to each blast pressure is as shown in figure 11.As shown in figure 11, exist In the device of the invention, by increasing blast pressure (static pressure), so that the concentration of lower fatty acid is reduced on the whole.
As shown in above 1.~4., in waste treatment apparatus of the invention, by adjusting stirring wing-like and air-supply It measures (blast pressure), to have high processing capacity, can reduce the yield of odorant.
Industrial applicibility
Waste treatment apparatus low cost of the invention and good appearance, the influence of external environment is small, is able to carry out stable Processing.In addition, there is high processing capacity, can reduce the yield of odorant using the simple means compared.Cause This, be suitable as hermetic type fermentation drying device (component), for from animal husbandry manage body be discharged cattle waste or from The organic wastes such as the food debris of the discharges such as food industries operating agency carry out Composting.
The explanation of appended drawing reference
1 waste treatment apparatus
2 containers
3 rotary shafts
4 stirring wings
5 Machine Rooms
6 pressure fan
7 exhaust pressure fan
8 hydraulic pressure units
9 device outer walls
10 import piping
11 outside air taking mouth
12 ventilation fans
13 heaters.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of waste treatment apparatus, has: the columnar container in the longitudinal direction of air-tightness, in the container with longitudinally disposed Rotary shaft, around the rotary shaft and the multi-disc stirring wing of fixation, for conveying supplying gas for outside air into the container The exhaust gear that mechanism and internal gas for will build up in the container are discharged to external container, is sent using described Mechanism of qi structure imports outside air into container, and internal gas is exhausted using the exhaust gear, and on one side with described Stirring wing is stirred the organic waste put into the container from the upper vessel portion makes its fermentation and drying on one side And Composting, and taken out from the lower vessel portion, the waste treatment apparatus is characterized in that,
The waste treatment apparatus has external insulation plate, and the external insulation plate is arranged at least part across spatially The cylinder periphery of the container is covered,
In the container, the stirring wing is at least 3 sowed discord at predetermined intervals from the lower part of the rotary shaft to top Section or more position, each section at least be arranged 1 prolong with Shangdi, from the rotary shaft towards the container inner wall side along straight line Setting is stretched,
The stirring wing has inclined surface on front side of its direction of rotation,
The inclined surface of the stirring wing of uppermost is 60 degree~85 degree relative to the tilt angle of the surfaces of revolution of the stirring wing, The inclined surface of the stirring wing of lowermost is 15 degree~25 degree relative to the tilt angle of the surfaces of revolution of the stirring wing, most upper Section and lowermost other than stirring wing the inclined surface relative to the stirring wing the surfaces of revolution tilt angle be 35 degree~ 45 degree,
There is venthole, the venthole and the mechanism connection of supplying gas on the stirring wing of lowermost, for that will send from described The outside air of mechanism of qi structure conveying imports in container.
2. waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
It is the square tube shape substantially external with the cylinder periphery of the container by the device outer wall that the external insulation plate is constituted.
3. waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The waste treatment apparatus has heat exchange mechanisms, and the heat exchange mechanisms utilize the heat of the exhaust gas from the exhaust gear It measures to be heated to from the outside air that mechanism imports in container of supplying gas, in the cylinder periphery of the container and described outer The heat exchange mechanisms are arranged in the space between portion's heat-insulating shield.
4. waste treatment apparatus according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
It is the square tube shape substantially external with the cylinder periphery of the container by the device outer wall that the external insulation plate is constituted,
The heat exchange mechanisms are made up of exhaust portion and air-supply piping, and the exhaust is being formed in described device by portion's setting In the space in the corner of the square tube shape between outer wall and the cylinder periphery of the container, for the exhaust gas being discharged from the container Pass through, the air-supply piping is arranged in the exhaust by passing through in portion, logical for the outside air before importing the container It crosses.
5. waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
It is described to supply gas mechanism and the exhaust gear is contained in inside described device.
6. waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The internal volume of the container is 15m3More than, the mechanism of supplying gas imports in the container in processing from the venthole Air output (m per minute3) be the container internal volume (m3) 1/4 or more.
7. waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The static pressure of air-supply that mechanism imports in the container in processing from the venthole of supplying gas is 15kPa or more.
8. waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The waste treatment apparatus has heat exchange mechanisms, and the heat exchange mechanisms utilize the heat of the exhaust gas from the exhaust gear It measures to be heated to from the outside air that mechanism imports in container of supplying gas.
9. a kind of refuse processing method carries out Composting to organic waste using waste treatment apparatus, described discarded Substance treating method is characterized in that,
The waste treatment apparatus is waste treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 6.
CN201580010094.3A 2014-02-24 2015-02-23 Waste treatment apparatus and refuse processing method Active CN106061634B (en)

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JP2014036147A JP6284785B2 (en) 2014-02-27 2014-02-27 Waste treatment equipment
PCT/JP2015/055089 WO2015125962A1 (en) 2014-02-24 2015-02-23 Waste treatment device and waste treatment method

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CN110131981A (en) * 2019-06-14 2019-08-16 新沂金瑞特石英材料有限公司 A kind of box-type quartz sand drying unit
JP7489809B2 (en) * 2020-03-30 2024-05-24 Ｕｂｅ三菱セメント株式会社 Method for producing fermented and dried product, method for producing cement clinker, and method for using the fermented and dried product
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