CN106061089A - Method for strengthening bonding performance of crop straws employing formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma - Google Patents
Method for strengthening bonding performance of crop straws employing formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma Download PDFInfo
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- CN106061089A CN106061089A CN201610463876.9A CN201610463876A CN106061089A CN 106061089 A CN106061089 A CN 106061089A CN 201610463876 A CN201610463876 A CN 201610463876A CN 106061089 A CN106061089 A CN 106061089A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
- B27G11/00—Applying adhesives or glue to surfaces of wood to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/06—Softening or hardening of wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K9/00—Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
- H05H1/2443—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes the plasma fluid flowing through a dielectric tube
- H05H1/245—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes the plasma fluid flowing through a dielectric tube the plasma being activated using internal electrodes
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for strengthening the bonding performance of crop straws employing formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of artificial boards. The technology comprises the steps of: removing leaves, sheaths and sections of the straws, cutting the straws into segments which are 2-30cm long, carrying out softening and drying treatment and then adjusting the moisture content to be 6%-10%; putting the product in a quartz reaction cavity of a special device for processing the straws employing the formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma for treatment; introducing a formaldehyde-containing gas into the reaction cavity, controlling the pressure in the cavity to be 5-100kPa through a vacuum pump, starting a plasma power supply and adjusting the discharge power to be 20-500W and the electrode distance to be 2-12mm; carrying out excited discharging on the formaldehyde gas between electrodes to generate low-temperature plasma and lastingly treating the straw surfaces for 10-600s; and carrying out sizing and hot pressing on the treated straw surfaces and curing an adhesive to obtain the bonding strength. By the method, bonding between the inner surfaces, between the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces and between the outer surfaces of the straws can be significantly improved; the quality of a straw board product is improved; and equipment is simple, easy to operate, energy-saving, efficient, environment-friendly and pollution-free.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one, to utilize dielectric barrier discharge plasma to improve Wheat straw wettability and interface glued strong
The method of degree.Belong to wood-based plate manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
China is the country that forest reserves are the poorest, for a long time, there is the contradiction that timber supply and demand is nervous always.
After implementing wildwood protected project, many areas, the whole nation have been carried out taboo and have been cut down, numerous wood-based plate manufacture enterprises with timber as raw material
Industry faces the crisis stopping production or changing the line of production because of starving, in the urgent need to finding preferable alternative materials.Meanwhile, China is again
It is a traditional large agricultural country, has abundant agricultural straw resource.According to statistics, whole nation agricultural crop straw every year on average produces
Amount reaches 8.20 hundred million tons, and wherein 75.6% is wheat straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae and corn straw.For a long time, agricultural crop straw be mainly used as fertilizer,
Fuel, feedstuff and paper making raw material.Along with scientific and technological progress, such use severe weakness.At present, many local popularization straws are also
Fertilizer is made in field, gasifying stalk producing methane, stalk fermentation make feedstuff etc., but these purposes straw consumptions are little, still have about 50%
Straw do not obtain Appropriate application.The problem of outlet of straw, makes vast farmers be stymied by.Every harvest season, big of peasant
Long-pending crop straw burning, pollutes environment, affects traffic, it has also become serious social effects of pollution.Utilize crops straw the most scientifically and rationally
Stalk resource, helps peasant to solve this thorny problem, it has also become government department attaches great importance to, the focus that scientific research personnel pays close attention to very much
One of problem.The result of scientific research shows, agricultural crop straw has similar structure and character to timber, is wood-based panel product
Manufacture preferable raw material.But, owing to major part agricultural crop straw rich surface is unfavorable for glued material containing horny layer etc., formed
Weak interface layer, has had a strong impact on the glue performance of product, becomes the main of restriction straw-based panel industry development
One of technical barrier.At present mainly by using expensive high-strength adhesive (such as isocyanate glue) in industrialized production
The problem solving straw gluing difficulty, but bring again that production cost is high, complex manufacturing (needs supporting demoulding skill simultaneously
Art, applying glue guard technology etc.) etc. problem, cause product market competition indifferent, it is difficult to expand market access, and cause crops straw
Stalk wood-based plate Industrialization Progress is slow.For the technical barrier of agricultural crop straw interface gluing difficulty, scientific research personnel mainly uses
The methods such as mechanical treatment process, wet heat treatment method, physical treatment process, method of chemical treatment and biological treatment carry out surface to straw
Modification, to improving surface activity, improves interface glue performance.
Plasma, as a kind of physical treatment process, is the dry modification technique of a kind of cleaning, has great market and dives
Power and development prospect.Plasma is a kind of high-octane material aggregation state, wherein contains substantial amounts of electronics, ion, excited state
Atom, molecule, photon and free radical isoreactivity particle.Utilize plasma that material carries out process and can cause material surface
Physical change (such as etching, desorbing, sputter, inject, excite and ionization etc.) and chemical change are (as aoxidized, decompose, cross-link, being polymerized
With grafting etc.), (include hydrophilic, hydrophobicity, cohesive, anti-flammability, anti-corrosive properties, anti-quiet reaching to change material surface characteristic
Electrically and biocompatibility) purpose.Plasma can be divided into height according to size and the macroscopic property of constituent particle energy
Isothermal plasma and low temperature plasma, low temperature plasma is divided into again hot plasma (thermodynamical equilibrium) and cold plasma
(non-equilibrium thermodynamics), wherein in hot plasma, the most thousand of degree of the energy of particle, to hundreds of thousands degree, is generally used for needing high temperature
The field of operation, such as magnetohydrodynamic generator, plasma welding, cutting, plasma smelting, plasma spray coating, plasma
Preparation micropowder etc..In cold plasma, the temperature of different particles differs, wherein the temperature of electronics from thousand of degree to several
100000 degree, and the temperature of ion is very nearly the same with room temperature, Just because of this, it has important using value, as material
Material modifying surface and light source etc..
Cold plasma can pass through glow discharge, corona discharge, dielectric barrier discharge, radio-frequency discharge and microwave discharge
Produce etc. mode.Dielectric barrier discharge is a kind of nonequilibrium state gas discharge having dielectric to insert discharge space.At two
It is full of certain working gas between sparking electrode, and wherein one or two electrode dielectric is covered, it is also possible to will be situated between
Matter is hung directly from discharge space or uses granular Filled Dielectrics wherein, applies sufficiently high alternating voltage when between two electrodes
Time, interelectrode gas can be breakdown and produce electric discharge, i.e. creates dielectric barrier discharge.In actual applications, pipeline
Electrode structure is widely used in various chemical reactor, and Flat electrode structure is then widely used in industry
Macromolecule and metallic film and the modification of sheet material, grafting, capillary raising, cleaning and hydrophilic modifying in.
This patent utilizes and is mainly composed of the hybrid reaction gas of formaldehyde as working gas, by dielectric barrier discharge
Mode excites, and is allowed to be applied to the activation modification on straw surface.Have that exciting power is low, launching efficiency is high, easy and simple to handle, behaviour
Make the features such as Environmental security.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the hybrid reaction gas to be mainly composed of formaldehyde as modified atmospheres, utilize dielectric impedance to put
Straw modifying surface is processed by electro-plasma, makes straw surface be activated, and improves free energy and the profit on straw surface
Moist, enable wood materials to commonly use adhesive and preferably sprawled on straw surface and infiltrate, thus be obviously enhanced straw
Glue performance.
The technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of method utilizing formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance, the method will
Agricultural crop straw defoliation, sheath, joint, be cut into the unit of 2～30cm length, after softened and dried, moisture content is adjusted to 6～
10%；Modifying agent is added in liquid containing bottle by liquid containing bottle feeding cover mouth, and the mouth that closes the lid；Open quartz reaction chamber cover plate, will
Straw after process is put in the quartz reaction chamber that agricultural crop straw formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma processes special purpose device,
And cover cover plate；At ambient temperature, utilize negative pressure shape to become assembly to aspirate reaction chamber, and keep reaction chamber pressure at below 1kPa
Reach more than 10 minutes, to remove air therein；The hybrid reaction gas being mainly composed of formaldehyde that will be produced by gas supply assembly
Being passed through from the import in quartz reaction chamber, the outlet in quartz reaction chamber connects negative pressure shape and becomes assembly, and controls the pressure of quartz reaction intracavity
Power is 5～100kPa, opens plasma electrical source, and regulation discharge power is 20～500W, and electrode spacing is 2～12mm, makes electricity
The hybrid reaction gas being mainly composed of formaldehyde between pole excites generation low temperature plasma by dielectric barrier discharge, to farming
Thing straw modifying surface processes, and the process time is 10～600s；Then, it is coated with on the agricultural crop straw surface being modified process
Cloth adhesive, makes adhesive solidification obtain bonding strength after hot pressing.
Described method, the agricultural crop straw formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma of employing processes special purpose device and includes supplying
Pneumatic module, plasma produce assembly, discharge assembly becomes assembly with negative pressure shape；Wherein said gas supply assembly includes liquid containing bottle
(interior placement modifying agent), feeding cover mouth and trachea, plasma produces assembly and includes that power supply, discharge assembly include upper/lower electrode
Plate, quartz reaction ware, quartz cover plate, reaction chamber, interface 6 (connecing gas supply assembly) and interface 12 (connect negative pressure shape and become assembly), negative pressure
Form assembly and include vacuum pump, electromagnetic valve, vacuometer and trachea；
Described method, its agricultural crop straw softens and the method for dried is that straw unit is placed in distilled water leaching
Bubble 1～5h, after fully softening, is laid on glass, is placed on ventilation airing under pressure, then uses air dry oven
1～3h it is dried under the conditions of 60 DEG C；
Described method, the hybrid reaction gas being wherein mainly composed of formaldehyde not only includes pure formaldehyde atmosphere, also wraps
Include the hybrid reaction gas being mainly composed of formaldehyde.Can be that the formalin etc. sold on the market heats the first that volatilization produces
Aldehyde and the mixed atmosphere of steam, it is also possible to be formaldehyde produced by the heated decomposition such as paraformaldehyde, trioxane, this
Place formaldehyde gas be above-mentioned one or more mixture produce formaldehyde gas or mixed atmosphere；
Described method, wherein modifying agent includes the formalin of various concentration, paraformaldehyde, trioxane etc.
Can volatilize or decompose one or more produced in formaldehydogenic reagent under the conditions of heating, vacuum etc.；
Described method, wherein the agricultural crop straw surface coating binder being modified process be urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, three
One in poly cyanamid modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue, phenolic resin glue；
Described method, wherein the hot pressing technique of gluing agricultural crop straw unit is, single spreading amount be 200～
250g/m2, hot pressing temperature is 110～150 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 1.2～1.5MPa, and hot pressing time is 60～90s；
Described method, wherein agricultural crop straw includes wheat straw, rice straw, corn stalk, Sorghum vulgare Pers. stalk, phragmites communis etc..
Advantages of the present invention: (1) equipment is simple, easily operation: this invention dielectric barrier discharge plasma processes special
Device, is different from that vacuum radio frequency plasma is high to equipment requirements, energy consumption big, its can in low pressure or normal atmosphere pressure work,
Simple to operate controlled, provide practical basis for large-scale industrial production.(2) energy-efficient: putting needed for plasma generation
Electrical power is low, only 20～500W, and the process time is also only 10s～600s, and treatment effeciency is high and energy consumption low (3) environmental protection is without public affairs
Harmful: to use the reagent treatment through the available formaldehyde of volatilization or decomposition, by Smoking regime, and by low in electromagnetic valve control reaction chamber
Pressure, can improve the stability of reaction system, and reagent utilization rate can reach more than 85%；There is not liquid waste processing, combustion explosion etc.
Problems, will not cause any damage to environment and the person.(4) effect is notable: through formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma
After process, the reactivity on straw surface significantly improves, and glue performance is remarkably reinforced.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Accompanying drawing 1 is that agricultural crop straw formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma processes special purpose device schematic diagram
In figure: 1-liquid containing bottle, 2-modifying agent, 3-trachea, 4-liquid containing bottle feeding cover mouth, 5-power supply, 6/12-interface, 7-
Reaction chamber, 8-quartz cover plate, 9-battery lead plate, 10-modification test specimen, 11-quartz reaction ware, 13-vacuometer, 14-electromagnetic valve, 15-
Vacuum pump.
Detailed description of the invention:
Comparative example 1:
By Wheat Straw then, through defoliation, sheath, joint, choose smooth part and be cut into 5cm length, cut open from centre with pocket knife
Open, be placed in distilled water immersion 5h, after fully softening, uniformly divide on glass, be placed on ventilation weight and press a week,
Then taking off, be placed in screen cloth, air dry oven 60 degrees Celsius is dried and reaches about 8% to moisture content in 1 hour, then seals bag
It is stored in drying basin standby.
Early stage is flattened dried wheat straw and is cut into 10cm length, and measure 2cm at smooth place, its end, as being coated with glue glued adhesion
Position, measures width, calculates glued area.Then table within the wheat straw after processing respectively with urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for adhesive
Face, the surfaces externally and internally surface combination different with outer outer surface three kinds is bonded together that (every kind of condition parallel sample is 20
Group), glue-spread is one side 200g/m2, the heat pressing process of employing be hot pressing temperature be 110 DEG C, hot pressing pressure is 1.5MPa, hot pressing
Time is 90s.Bonding strength result see table 1.
Comparative example 2:
By rice straw then, through defoliation, sheath, joint, choose smooth part and be cut into 5cm length, cut open from centre with pocket knife
Open, be placed in distilled water immersion 3h, after fully softening, uniformly divide on glass, be placed on ventilation weight and press a week,
Then taking off, be placed in screen cloth, air dry oven 60 degrees Celsius is dried and reaches about 6% to moisture content in 2 hours, then seals bag
Storage is in dry ware standby.
With phenolic resin as adhesive, with outer surface interior, inside and outside and outer in the method gluing Wheat Straw in comparative example 1,
Glue-spread is one side 220g/m2, the heat pressing process of employing be hot pressing temperature be 120 DEG C, hot pressing pressure is 1.0MPa, hot pressing time
For 60s.Bonding strength data see table 2.
, there is the defect that bonding strength is low, it is difficult to for straw in the straw glueing material that described in comparative example 1,2 prepared by method
The large-scale production of stalk class wood-based plate.
Embodiment 1:
By Wheat Straw then, through defoliation, sheath, joint, choose smooth part and be cut into 5cm length, cut open from centre with pocket knife
Open, be placed in distilled water immersion 5h, after fully softening, uniformly divide on glass, be placed on ventilation weight and press a week,
Then taking off, be placed in screen cloth, air dry oven 60 degrees Celsius is dried and reaches about 8% to moisture content in 1 hour, then seals bag
It is stored in drying basin standby.
Early stage is flattened dried wheat straw and is cut into 10cm length, and measure 2cm at smooth place, its end, as being coated with glue glued adhesion
Position, measures width, calculates glued area.
Open quartz cover plate 8, the straw reduced is placed in two electricity of dielectric barrier discharge plasma electric discharge device
In quartz reaction chamber between pole plate, and cover cover plate；Formalin 50ml using 37%, as modifying agent, passes through feeding cover
Mouth 4 is poured in liquid containing bottle 1, and covers feeding cover mouth；(quartz reaction ware, liquid containing bottle and each several part is included at whole apparatus system
Between connect pipeline) be in room temperature (less than 25 DEG C) under conditions of, utilize the swabbing action of vacuum pump 15, by whole device system
System evacuation (chamber pressure is less than 1kPa) 10 minutes, to remove air therein；The formalin of 37% is heated to 60 DEG C
Under the conditions of, modifying agent volatilization produces the gaseous mixture of formaldehyde and steam；By the swabbing action of vacuum pump 15, at quartz reaction
Chamber 7 forms lower pressure environment (being controlled chamber pressure 20kPa by vacuometer 13 and electromagnetic valve 14), and by the mixed vapour of formaldehyde and water by
Interface 6 is passed through reaction chamber 7；Regulation corona discharge power is 40W, and battery lead plate spacing is 10mm, the gaseous mixture in provocative reaction ware
Body discharges, and produces dielectric barrier discharge plasma, acts on straw surface and be allowed to surface modification；Continue plasma treatment straw
120s.Then inner surface, surfaces externally and internally and outer outer surface within the wheat straw after processing respectively with urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for adhesive
Three kinds of different surface combinations are bonded together (every kind of condition parallel sample is 20 groups), and glue-spread is one side 200g/m2,
Use heat pressing process be hot pressing temperature be 110 DEG C, hot pressing pressure is 1.5MPa, and hot pressing time is 90s.Bonding strength result is shown in
Table 1 below.
Embodiment 2:
By Wheat Straw then, through defoliation, sheath, joint, choose smooth part and be cut into 5cm length, cut open from centre with pocket knife
Open, be placed in distilled water immersion 5h, after fully softening, uniformly divide on glass, be placed on ventilation weight and press a week,
Then taking off, be placed in screen cloth, air dry oven 60 degrees Celsius is dried and reaches about 8% to moisture content in 1 hour, then seals bag
It is stored in drying basin standby.
Early stage is flattened dried wheat straw and is cut into 10cm length, and measure 2cm at smooth place, its end, as being coated with glue glued adhesion
Position, measures width, calculates glued area.It is placed between two dielectrics of dielectric barrier discharge plasma electric discharge device
It is modified processing.Use step described in embodiment 1, using paraformaldehyde as modifying agent.By heating paraformaldehyde, from
Be passed through at interface 6 decompose produce formaldehyde vapor, discharge power be 50W, electrode spacing be 10mm, chamber pressure 20kPa, process time
Between be 120s.Then inner surface, surfaces externally and internally and outer within the wheat straw after processing respectively with urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for adhesive
The different surface combination in three kinds of surface is bonded together (every kind of condition parallel sample is 20 groups), and glue-spread is one side
200g/m2, the heat pressing process of employing be hot pressing temperature be 110 DEG C, hot pressing pressure is 1.5MPa, and hot pressing time is 90s.Glued strong
Degree result see table 1.
Embodiment 3:
By Wheat Straw then, through defoliation, sheath, joint, choose smooth part and be cut into 5cm length, cut open from centre with pocket knife
Open, be placed in distilled water immersion 5h, after fully softening, uniformly divide on glass, be placed on ventilation weight and press a week,
Then taking off, be placed in screen cloth, air dry oven 60 degrees Celsius is dried and reaches about 8% to moisture content in 1 hour, then seals bag
It is stored in drying basin standby.
Early stage is flattened dried wheat straw and is cut into 10cm length, and measure 2cm at smooth place, its end, as being coated with glue glued adhesion
Position, measures width, calculates glued area.It is placed between two dielectrics of dielectric barrier discharge plasma electric discharge device
It is modified processing.Use step described in embodiment 1, using trioxane as modifying agent.By heating trioxa
Hexamethylene, be passed through at interface 6 decompose produce formaldehyde vapor, discharge power be 20W, electrode spacing be 10mm, chamber pressure
5kPa, process time are 600s.Then inner surface, inside and outside within the wheat straw after processing respectively with urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for adhesive
The surface surface combination different with outer outer surface three kinds is bonded together (every kind of condition parallel sample is 20 groups), glue-spread
For one side 200g/m2, the heat pressing process of employing be hot pressing temperature be 110 DEG C, hot pressing pressure is 1.5MPa, and hot pressing time is 90s.
Bonding strength result see table 1.
Embodiment 4:
By rice straw then, through defoliation, sheath, joint, choose smooth part and be cut into 5cm length, cut open from centre with pocket knife
Open, be placed in distilled water immersion 3h, after fully softening, uniformly divide on glass, be placed on ventilation weight and press a week,
Then taking off, be placed in screen cloth, air dry oven 60 degrees Celsius is dried and reaches about 6% to moisture content in 2 hours, then seals bag
It is stored in drying basin standby.
Early stage is flattened dried wheat straw and is cut into 10cm length, and measure 2cm at smooth place, its end, as being coated with glue glued adhesion
Position, measures width, calculates glued area.It is placed between two dielectrics of dielectric barrier discharge plasma electric discharge device
It is modified processing.Using step described in embodiment 1, the formalin using 40% is as modifying agent.By heating 40%
Formalin, at interface 6, being passed through the mixed vapour of formaldehyde and water that volatilization produces, be between 250W, electrode at discharge power
50kPa, process time is pressed to be 150s away from for 8mm, chamber.Then with phenolic resin glue for adhesive respectively will process after wheat straw with
Interior inner surface, the surfaces externally and internally surface combination different with outer outer surface three kinds is bonded together (every kind of condition parallel sample
It is 20 groups), glue-spread is one side 220g/m2, the heat pressing process of employing be hot pressing temperature be 120 DEG C, hot pressing pressure is 1.0MPa,
Hot pressing time is 60s.Bonding strength result see table 2.
Embodiment 5:
By rice straw then, through defoliation, sheath, joint, choose smooth part and be cut into 5cm length, cut open from centre with pocket knife
Open, be placed in distilled water immersion 3h, after fully softening, uniformly divide on glass, be placed on ventilation weight and press a week,
Then taking off, be placed in screen cloth, air dry oven 60 degrees Celsius is dried and reaches about 6% to moisture content in 2 hours, then seals bag
It is stored in drying basin standby.
Early stage is flattened dried wheat straw and is cut into 10cm length, and measure 2cm at smooth place, its end, as being coated with glue glued adhesion
Position, measures width, calculates glued area.It is placed between two dielectrics of dielectric barrier discharge plasma electric discharge device
It is modified processing.Using step described in embodiment 1, the formalin using 30% is as modifying agent.By heating 30%
Formalin, at interface 6, being passed through the mixed vapour of formaldehyde and water that volatilization produces, be between 500W, electrode at discharge power
100kPa, process time is pressed to be 10s away from for 8mm, chamber.Then with phenolic resin glue for adhesive respectively will process after wheat straw with
Interior inner surface, the surfaces externally and internally surface combination different with outer outer surface three kinds is bonded together (every kind of condition parallel sample
It is 20 groups), glue-spread is one side 220g/m2, the heat pressing process of employing be hot pressing temperature be 120 DEG C, hot pressing pressure is 1.0MPa,
Hot pressing time is 60s.Bonding strength result see table 2.
From embodiment 1-5, after plasma modification processes, the bonding strength between straw surface has had larger amplitude
The raising of degree, the wherein interior the highest raising of inner surface gluing 93%, the highest raising of surfaces externally and internally gluing 489%, outer outer surface gluing
From almost cannot gluing improving to 0.63MPa, compared to comparative example 1-2, there is clear superiority.
Bonding strength measurement result before and after the process of straw surface:
Table 1
Table 2
Claims (8)
1. utilizing the method that formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma strengthens agricultural crop straw glue performance, the method is by agriculture
Crop material defoliation, sheath, joint, be cut into the unit of 2～30cm length, after softened and dried, moisture content is adjusted to 6～
10%；Modifying agent is added in liquid containing bottle by liquid containing bottle feeding cover mouth, and the mouth that closes the lid；Open quartz reaction chamber cover plate, will
Straw after process is put in the quartz reaction chamber that agricultural crop straw formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma processes special purpose device,
And cover cover plate；At ambient temperature, utilize negative pressure shape to become assembly to aspirate reaction chamber, and keep reaction chamber pressure at below 1kPa
Reach more than 10 minutes, to remove air therein；The hybrid reaction gas being mainly composed of formaldehyde that will be produced by gas supply assembly
Being passed through from the import in quartz reaction chamber, the outlet in quartz reaction chamber connects negative pressure shape and becomes assembly, and controls the pressure of quartz reaction intracavity
Power is 5～100kPa, opens plasma electrical source, and regulation discharge power is 20～500W, and electrode spacing is 2～12mm, makes electricity
The hybrid reaction gas being mainly composed of formaldehyde between pole excites generation low temperature plasma by dielectric barrier discharge, to farming
Thing straw modifying surface processes, and the process time is 10～600s；Then, it is coated with on the agricultural crop straw surface being modified process
Cloth adhesive, makes adhesive solidification obtain bonding strength after hot pressing.
The most according to claim 1 formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma is utilized to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance
Method, it is characterised in that: agricultural crop straw formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma process special purpose device include gas supply assembly, etc.
Gas ions produces assembly, discharge assembly becomes assembly with negative pressure shape；Wherein said gas supply assembly includes liquid containing bottle, and (interior placement is modified
Reagent), feeding cover mouth and trachea, plasma produces assembly and includes that power supply, discharge assembly include power-on and power-off pole plate, quartz reaction
Ware, quartz cover plate, reaction chamber, interface 6 (connecing gas supply assembly) and interface 12 (connect negative pressure shape and become assembly), negative pressure shape becomes assembly to include
Vacuum pump, electromagnetic valve, vacuometer and trachea.
The most according to claim 1 formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma is utilized to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance
Method, it is characterised in that: agricultural crop straw soften and the method for dried be straw unit is placed in distilled water immersion 1～
5h, after fully softening, is laid on glass, is placed on ventilation airing under pressure, then with air dry oven 60
1～3h it is dried under the conditions of DEG C.
The most according to claim 1 formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma is utilized to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance
Method, it is characterised in that: the described hybrid reaction gas being mainly composed of formaldehyde not only includes pure formaldehyde atmosphere, also includes
It is mainly composed of the hybrid reaction gas of formaldehyde.Can be that the formalin etc. sold on the market heats the formaldehyde that volatilization produces
Mixed atmosphere with steam, it is also possible to be formaldehyde produced by the heated decomposition such as paraformaldehyde, trioxane, herein
Formaldehyde gas be above-mentioned one or more mixture produce formaldehyde gas or mixed atmosphere.
The most according to claim 1 formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma is utilized to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance
Method, it is characterised in that: described modifying agent includes the formalin of various concentration, paraformaldehyde, trioxane etc.
Can volatilize or decompose one or more produced in formaldehydogenic reagent under the conditions of heating, vacuum etc..
The most according to claim 1 formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma is utilized to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance
Method, it is characterised in that: described is urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, trimerization being modified the agricultural crop straw surface coating binder of process
One in cyanamide modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue, phenolic resin glue.
The most according to claim 1 formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma is utilized to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance
Method, it is characterised in that: the hot pressing technique of described gluing agricultural crop straw unit is, single spreading amount be 200～
250g/m2, hot pressing temperature is 110～150 DEG C, and hot pressing pressure is 1.2～1.5MPa, and hot pressing time is 60～90s.
The most according to claim 1 formaldehyde dielectric barrier discharge plasma is utilized to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance
Method, it is characterised in that: described agricultural crop straw includes wheat straw, rice straw, corn stalk, Sorghum vulgare Pers. stalk, phragmites communis etc..
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Application publication date: 20161026 |