CN106026787A - Five-stage discrete frequency-conversion soft-start device based on power factor angle closed-loop control - Google Patents
Five-stage discrete frequency-conversion soft-start device based on power factor angle closed-loop control Download PDFInfo
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- CN106026787A CN106026787A CN201610540479.7A CN201610540479A CN106026787A CN 106026787 A CN106026787 A CN 106026787A CN 201610540479 A CN201610540479 A CN 201610540479A CN 106026787 A CN106026787 A CN 106026787A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/26—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
- H02P1/30—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor by progressive increase of frequency of supply to primary circuit of motor
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Abstract
The invention provides a five-stage discrete frequency-conversion soft-start device based on power factor angle closed-loop control. The device is applied to a motor start process. A main circuit uses a traditional thyristor soft-start main circuit, and comprises a main circuit three-phase alternating current contactor K1, a bypass three-phase alternating current contactor K2, a three-phase 6-way anti-parallel thyristor and a motor. A synchronous signal acquisition circuit and a current detection circuit acquire voltage and current signals in the main circuit and output signals to a microcontroller. The microcontroller carries out operation and sends instructions to a trigger circuit. The trigger circuit receives the signals of the microcontroller and sends trigger pulse to the thyristor. According to the invention, the device uses a five-stage discrete frequency-conversion soft-start control method; in the process of voltage rising, frequency is discretely promoted at five stages, namely /7/4/3/2(50Hz); the motor starting current is reduced; the motor starting torque is improved; and the device is especially suitable for the occasion of motor heavy-duty starting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to motor start-up technical field, be specifically related to a kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control, a kind of electromotor heavy load that is applicable to starts the soft starting device of occasion.
Background technology
Threephase asynchronous is producing and is obtaining applying widely in life, but due to excessive starting current, electrical network and whole drive system can be produced harmful effect.Traditional starter has star delta starter, from even reduced voltage starter, stator string resistance starting device etc., but due to its each shortcoming be the most gradually eliminated, converter can also be used for electric motor starting, but more for speed governing occasion, if the startup being only used for motor can cause the waste of resource.Novel thyristor soft initiator is to be exclusively used in the device that threephase asynchronous starts, it is the principle according to thyristor voltage regulation circuit, by the Trigger Angle of regulation IGCT from being gradually reduced greatly, so that terminal voltage of motor is slowly increased, can effectively reduce the starting current of motor.But, it substantially belongs to reduced-voltage starting, and electric motor starting torque is directly proportional to voltage squared, therefore can reduce the detent torque of motor so that motor belt motor heavy load starting difficulty, reduces the scope of application of soft initiator.
In the prior art, " classification frequency conversion heavy duty soft starting device based on variable reactor " (application number: 201020590402.9) discloses a kind of classification frequency conversion heavy duty soft starting device based on variable reactor, the main winding of described variable reactor is connected between catalyst and alternating-current motor stator, the Secondary Winding of variable reactor connects three-phase anti-parallel thyristor, starting contactor is connected between power supply and variable reactor, starting contactor is in parallel with running catalyst after connecting with variable reactor, the advantage that this device inherits the soft starting device being made up of variable reactor, achieve the current-limiting function in motor start-up procedure；But this device fails to make the constant of voltage under each frequency dividing grade in motor start-up procedure so that in motor start-up procedure, vibration is substantially.Therefore, need to develop a kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control, it is allowed to reduce the starting current of motor, detent torque that output is bigger, and the vibration in motor start-up procedure can be reduced, such that it is able to make the motor can band heavy load starting.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: a kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control are provided, it can step up voltage in starting process of motor, bring up to mains frequency discretely by 5 grades accordingly simultaneously, and under every grade of frequency dividing, use power-factor angle Closed-loop Control Strategy, the constant of voltage is kept under every grade of frequency-division section, the starting current making motor reduces, and improves detent torque.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: provide a kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control, and its structure includes major loop and controls loop；Described major loop uses traditional thyristors soft initiator major loop, and described major loop includes major loop three-phase ac contactor K1, bypass three-phase ac contactor K2, three-phase anti-parallel thyristor and motor；Wherein, major loop three-phase alternating current connects three-phase anti-parallel thyristor through three-phase ac contactor K1, and bypass three-phase ac contactor is in parallel with three-phase anti-parallel thyristor, and the outfan of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor connects the input of motor；Described control loop includes synchronous signal acquisition circuit, current detection circuit, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer and triggers circuit；Wherein, synchronous signal acquisition circuit, current detection circuit are connected between major loop and C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer, trigger circuit and are connected between three-phase anti-parallel thyristor and C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer.
A kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control of the present invention, structure also includes liquid crystal display, contactor control circuit, button, leakage protection circuit and IGCT overheating protection circuit；Wherein, described push button signalling outfan is connected with C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer signal input part, and described liquid crystal display, contactor control circuit, leakage protection circuit and IGCT overheating protection circuit input are connected with C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer outfan.
Described synchronous signal acquisition circuit is made up of synchrotrans, voltage follower, diode voltage clamping protective circuit, voltage comparator, it is achieved the collection of supply voltage synchronizing signal.
Described current detection circuit includes current sampling circuit and current over-zero testing circuit；Wherein, current sampling circuit is made up of current transformer, amplifier chip and peripheral component amplifying circuit, diode voltage clamping protective circuit form；Comparison circuit, phase inverter that current over-zero testing circuit is made up of amplifier and peripheral component form, to realize size of current and the collection of current zero-crossing point in major loop.
Described triggering circuit is made up of 6 road insulating power supplies, isolation optocoupler and transistor amplifier, the thyristor triggering impulse required for producing.
Frequency-division section frequency in a kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control of the present invention is only the part of power frequency, during voltage rises, divide 5 grades of liftings with making frequency-distributed, by f/7 → f/4 → f/3 → f/2 → f (50Hz), step up frequency；By the accurate timing of synchronizing signal, frequency range switching is carried out according to the time set in advance according between institute's timing, in each frequency-division section, together after the power-factor angle detected in real time to adjust Trigger Angle, ensure that under this frequency-division section, voltage keeps constant, thus reduce the torque pulsation of each frequency-division section, make startup more smooth.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in motor start-up procedure, by 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control, while reducing electric motor starting electric current, the detent torque of motor can be improved, make motor can band heavy load starting, increase the scope of application of soft starting device.And this device does not change the major loop structure of traditional thyristors soft initiator, do not increase hardware cost, only by the triggering mode changing IGCT so that be substantially better than traditional thyristors soft initiator in its performance, it is achieved that the startup effect of variable voltage variable frequency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the synchronous signal acquisition circuit theory diagrams of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the current sampling circuit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the current over-zero testing circuit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the 6 road insulating power supply schematic diagrams of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the triggering circuit theory diagrams of the present invention；
In figure: 1, major loop three-phase ac contactor K1；2, three-phase anti-parallel thyristor；3, motor；4, bypass three-phase ac contactor K2；5, liquid crystal display；6, synchronous signal acquisition circuit；7, circuit is triggered；8, current detection circuit；9, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer；10, contactor control circuit；11, button；12, leakage protection circuit；13, IGCT overheating protection circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of understanding the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is made further instructions.Should be appreciated that specific embodiments described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, be not used to limit the invention.
As shown in Figure 1.5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting device system schematic based on power-factor angle closed loop control include that major loop level controls loop circuit.Major loop uses traditional thyristors soft initiator major loop, and major loop includes major loop three-phase ac contactor K1, bypass three-phase ac contactor K2, three-phase anti-parallel thyristor, motor；Major loop three-phase alternating current connects three-phase anti-parallel thyristor through three-phase ac contactor K1, input to motor by after three-phase anti-parallel thyristor pressure regulation, bypass three-phase ac contactor is in parallel with three-phase anti-parallel thyristor, after having started, bypass three-phase ac contactor is connected, and three-phase anti-parallel thyristor loses pressure regulation effect.Control loop to include synchronous signal acquisition circuit, current detection circuit, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer, trigger circuit, synchronous signal acquisition circuit is by synchrotrans secondary side output voltage conditioning to 0 ~ 3.3V, input is to C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer, the voltage comparator carried by C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer compares generation synchronizing signal, as triggering the pulse reference instant to deserved each dividing cycle；Current detection circuit gathers size of current in major loop, inputs to C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer after conditioning, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer the AD sample circuit carried is converted into digital signal；Trigger circuit to be connected between three-phase anti-parallel thyristor and C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer, powered by 6 independent road power supplys respectively, produce after light-coupled isolation and transistor amplifier and trigger pulse.A kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices of the present invention, also include liquid crystal display, contactor control circuit, button, leakage protection circuit, IGCT overheating protection circuit；Described push button signalling outfan is connected with described C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer (9) signal input part, and described liquid crystal display, described contactor control circuit, leakage protection circuit, IGCT overheating protection circuit input are connected with C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer outfan.
Frequency-division section frequency in a kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control of the present invention is only the part of power frequency, have chosen 7.14Hz, 12.5Hz, 16.7Hz, 25Hz, 50Hz5 frequency-division section in the present invention.According to 7.14Hz → 12.5Hz → 16.7Hz → 25Hz → 50Hz process in start-up course, step up frequency, by the accurate timing of synchronizing signal, frequency range switching is carried out according to the time set in advance according between institute's timing, in each frequency-division section, together after the power-factor angle detected in real time to adjust Trigger Angle, it is ensured that under this frequency-division section, voltage keeps constant, thus reduce the torque pulsation of each frequency-division section, make startup more smooth.
In a kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control of the present invention, 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starts are divided into 5 stages, first stage is, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer produces the start pulse signal of 7 frequency-division sections according to synchronizing signal, trigger the triggering pulse producing 7 frequency-division sections after circuit receives start pulse signal, in 14 half-waves in power frequency supply every 7 cycles, it is continuously turned on 7 positive half-waves therein and 7 negative half-waves according to the optimum way calculated, making to be added in voltage fundamental frequency on motor is the 1/7 of power frequency, i.e. 7.14Hz, by the accurate timing of synchronizing signal, according between institute's timing according to time-switching set in advance to next frequency-division section.Second stage is, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer produces the start pulse signal of 4 frequency-division sections according to synchronizing signal, trigger the triggering pulse producing 4 frequency-division sections after circuit receives start pulse signal, in 8 half-waves in power frequency supply every 4 cycles, it is continuously turned on 4 positive half-waves therein and 4 negative half-waves according to the optimum way calculated, making to be added in voltage fundamental frequency on motor is the 1/4 of power frequency, i.e. 12.5Hz, by the accurate timing of synchronizing signal, according between institute's timing according to time-switching set in advance to next frequency-division section.Phase III is, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer produces the start pulse signal of 3 frequency-division sections according to synchronizing signal, trigger the triggering pulse producing 3 frequency-division sections after circuit receives start pulse signal, in 6 half-waves in power frequency supply every 3 cycles, it is continuously turned on 3 positive half-waves therein and 3 negative half-waves according to the optimum way calculated, making to be added in voltage fundamental frequency on motor is the 1/3 of power frequency, i.e. 16.7Hz, by the accurate timing of synchronizing signal, according between institute's timing according to time-switching set in advance to next frequency-division section.Fourth stage is, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer produces the start pulse signal of 2 frequency-division sections according to synchronizing signal, trigger the triggering pulse producing 2 frequency-division sections after circuit receives start pulse signal, in 4 half-waves in power frequency supply every 2 cycles, it is continuously turned on 2 positive half-waves therein and 2 negative half-waves according to the optimum way calculated, making to be added in voltage fundamental frequency on motor is the 1/2 of power frequency, i.e. 25Hz, by the accurate timing of synchronizing signal, according between institute's timing according to time-switching set in advance to next frequency-division section.5th stage was, it is switched to power frequency section at 2 frequency-division sections and uses voltage ramp control mode, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer produces the start pulse signal of power frequency section according to synchronizing signal, trigger the triggering pulse producing power frequency section after circuit receives start pulse signal, region, turning part in each half-wave of power supply, conducting region is increased until all turning on, it is achieved motor transition process from 25Hz to 50Hz by being gradually reduced Trigger Angle according to certain rules.In whole start-up course, detect the size of electric current in major loop in real time, by the size of regulation Trigger Angle regulation voltage, thus regulate the size of electric current in major loop.
As shown in Figure 2.Synchronous signal acquisition circuit is made up of synchrotrans, voltage follower, diode voltage clamping protective circuit, voltage comparator.Synchronous signal acquisition circuit is by synchrotrans secondary side output voltage conditioning to 0 ~ 3.3V, input is to C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer, the voltage comparator carried by C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer compares generation synchronizing signal, as triggering the pulse reference instant to deserved each dividing cycle.
As shown in Figure 3.Amplifying circuit, diode voltage clamping protective circuit that current detection circuit is made up of current transformer, two grades of amplifier chips and peripheral component form.Current detection circuit gathers size of current in major loop, inputs to C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer after conditioning, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer the AD sample circuit carried is converted into digital signal.
As shown in Figure 4.Comparison circuit, phase inverter that current over-zero testing circuit is made up of amplifier and peripheral component form.TA1 Yu AGND is the outfan of Current Transformer Secondary side, is obtained the zero crossing of electric current by voltage comparator, is reversely come by twice afterwards, to waveform shaping, to obtain the current over-zero moment by C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer.
As shown in Figure 5.Triggering circuit power is to be produced, through isolating chip, the triggering power supply that 6 roads are the most independent by 1 road power supply.
As shown in Figure 6.Trigger circuit to be made up of 6 road insulating power supplies, isolation optocoupler, transistor amplifier.Isolating strong and weak electricity part by optocoupler TLP521, audion is on-off action, the pulse that triggers produced is added between the gate pole of IGCT and negative electrode.
Claims (5)
1. 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control, its structure includes major loop and controls loop；It is characterized in that: described major loop includes major loop three-phase ac contactor K1, bypass three-phase ac contactor K2, three-phase anti-parallel thyristor, motor；Major loop three-phase alternating current connects described three-phase anti-parallel thyristor through described three-phase ac contactor K1, and described bypass three-phase ac contactor is in parallel with described three-phase anti-parallel thyristor, and the outfan of described three-phase anti-parallel thyristor connects the input of motor；Described control loop includes synchronous signal acquisition circuit, current detection circuit, C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer, triggers circuit；Described synchronous signal acquisition circuit, described current detection circuit are connected between major loop and described C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer, and described triggering circuit is connected between described three-phase anti-parallel thyristor and described C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer.
A kind of 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices based on power-factor angle closed loop control the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: this device also includes liquid crystal display, contactor control circuit, button, leakage protection circuit, IGCT overheating protection circuit；Described push button signalling outfan is connected with described C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer signal input part, and described liquid crystal display, described contactor control circuit, described leakage protection circuit, described IGCT overheating protection circuit input are connected with described C8051F040 single-chip microcomputer outfan.
3. according to a kind of based on power-factor angle closed loop control the 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices described in claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that: described synchronous signal acquisition circuit is made up of synchrotrans, voltage follower, diode voltage clamping protective circuit, voltage comparator; voltage follower outfan is connected with synchrotrans secondary side common port and comparator reverse input end, and the synchrotrans secondary side other end is connected with voltage comparator fellow villager's input through diode voltage clamping protective circuit.
4. according to a kind of based on power-factor angle closed loop control the 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described current detection circuit includes current sampling circuit and current over-zero testing circuit；Amplifying circuit, diode voltage clamping protective circuit that current sampling circuit is made up of current transformer, amplifier chip and peripheral component form; Current Transformer Secondary side is connected with resistance; the input amplifier formed with amplifier chip and peripheral component after filtered is connected, and amplification circuit output end inputs to single-chip microcomputer through diode voltage clamping protective circuit；Comparison circuit, phase inverter that current over-zero testing circuit is made up of amplifier and peripheral component form, Current Transformer Secondary side inputs the comparison circuit being made up of amplifier and peripheral component to current over-zero testing circuit with resistance after being connected, comparison circuit output reversely inputs to single-chip microcomputer for twice through phase inverter.
5. according to a kind of based on power-factor angle closed loop control the 5 grades of discrete variable frequency soft starting devices described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described triggering circuit is made up of 6 road insulating power supplies, isolation optocoupler, transistor amplifier, single-chip microcomputer outfan is connected with isolation optocoupler input through transistor amplifier, and 6 road insulating power supplies are connected with optocoupler outfan and another road transistor amplifier.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106787965A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of underground coal mine dual processors soft start control system |
| CN107222149A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-09-29 | 天津理工大学 | Motor power factor detecting system under the conditions of a kind of non-sinusoidal power supply |
| CN108134541A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-06-08 | 南京悦华电力科技有限公司 | A kind of asynchronous machine soft strater and predict-feedback control method on its basis |
| CN108964522A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-07 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of discrete variable frequency soft-start method and soft activator |
| CN110581675A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-17 | 西安西普电力电子有限公司 | Intelligent motor drive control device and control method thereof |
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| CN108964522A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-07 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of discrete variable frequency soft-start method and soft activator |
| CN110581675A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-17 | 西安西普电力电子有限公司 | Intelligent motor drive control device and control method thereof |
| CN110581675B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2024-01-23 | 西安西普电力电子有限公司 | Intelligent motor driving control device and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20161012 |