CN106019530A - Light condensing heliostat for solar tower type heat utilization - Google Patents
Light condensing heliostat for solar tower type heat utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN106019530A CN106019530A CN201610628758.9A CN201610628758A CN106019530A CN 106019530 A CN106019530 A CN 106019530A CN 201610628758 A CN201610628758 A CN 201610628758A CN 106019530 A CN106019530 A CN 106019530A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a light condensing heliostat for solar tower type heat utilization. The light condensing heliostat comprises a reflecting mirror, reflecting mirror supporting parts, multiple trusses, a truss fixing device, a hydraulic driving system, a universal joint, a stand column and a controller; the reverse side of the reflecting mirror and the reflecting mirror supporting parts are connected together to form multiple sub-mirrors of the light condensing heliostat; the trusses are connected to the truss fixing device, and the trusses radiate outwards from the truss fixing device located in the center to form an umbrella-shaped support; the sub-mirrors of the light condensing heliostat are fixedly connected to the trusses which form the umbrella-shaped support; the truss fixing device is fixedly connected with one end of the universal joint, the other end of the universal joint is fixedly connected with the stand column, and therefore the heliostat can freely rotate in the horizontal dimension and in the pitching dimension; the hydraulic driving system comprises hydraulic pushing rods, one end of one hydraulic pushing rod is connected to the stand column, the other end of one hydraulic pushing rod is connected to the trusses, one end of the other hydraulic pushing rod is connected to the universal joint, and the other end of the other hydraulic pushing rod is connected to the trusses; the controller is used for controlling the hydraulic driving system; the stand column stands on the ground.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar heat utilization, in particular to a light-gathering heliostat for solar tower type heat utilization.
Background
Solar energy resources are an important solution to the energy problem of this century. The solar thermal power generation is different from the solar battery power generation, has the advantages of low-cost energy storage and stable power output capacity, and has unique advantages in the aspect of large-scale utilization of solar energy resources. The solar thermal power generation mainly comprises four types, namely a groove type solar power generation, a tower type solar power generation, a Fresnel type solar power generation and a butterfly type solar power generation. The tower type solar thermal power generation system utilizes a large number of heliostats to reflect sunlight to a heat absorber on a high tower, heats working media and converts light energy into heat energy. The working medium for tower solar thermal power generation mainly comprises fused salt, water and air (CO)2) And the heat brought out by the working medium can be converted into electric energy through a steam turbine and a matched thermal system and an electric power system, so that the conversion of solar energy from light to electricity is realized, and the solar energy can also be directly utilized in other heat utilization fields.
The heliostat plays a role in reflecting and converging illumination to a heat absorber in the tower type solar heat utilization system and is an important component of the system. The heliostat can determine the posture of the heliostat according to the direction of the sun and the relative position of the heat absorption tower, and effectively reflects sunlight to the specified position of the heat absorption tower.
The main components of the heliostat include: mirror surface, mounting structure, actuating system, control system, stand and basis.
The key parameters of a single heliostat include reflection area, bearing wind pressure and surface type precision. The larger the reflection area, the less the number of control driving devices required per unit area, but the higher the load bearing capacity and the higher the requirements on driving and supporting structures, and the heliostat area is from 2m in the field at present2-178m2Production is carried out on unequal parts; the bigger the bearing wind pressure is, the bigger the heliostat can bear the wind load, the working time is longer under certain natural environment conditions, and the heliostat can bear the wind loadThe electric quantity is larger; the surface shape precision is better, shows that more reflection light can be projected to the appointed direction, and optical efficiency is higher, and the facula quality is better.
The mirror field of the solar heat utilization system is formed by arranging a large number of heliostats according to a certain rule. In order to ensure sufficiently high optical efficiency, the front row of heliostats and the rear row of heliostats need to be ensured not to be shielded from each other, and the front row of heliostats and the rear row of heliostats should be kept at a reasonable interval. The heliostat can use the strong point as the center to rotate freely in the sun-chasing process, the floor area is in a shape of a circle externally connected with the heliostat by taking the upright post as the center, and the left and right spacing of the heliostat is not too short.
Most heliostats in the market at present are multi-surface heliostats which are spliced into a heliostat through precision machining, and the shape of the heliostat is mainly a square or a rectangle similar to a square. The heliostat assembly process is complex, left and right shock excitation can occur under the action of wind power, in addition, due to front and back shielding, the optical efficiency of a heliostat field is lower, the size of a circumscribed circle of a rectangular heliostat is larger, the occupied area of a unit heliostat is larger, the occupied area of a corresponding total heliostat field is larger, and the cost of the heliostat field is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of low optical efficiency and large occupied area of a heliostat field of the conventional heliostat, so that a novel hexagonal heliostat with adjustable light spots is provided.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization, comprising: the device comprises a reflector 1, a reflector support 13, a truss 4, a truss fixer 9, a hydraulic drive system, a universal joint 11, a stand column 2 and a controller 5; wherein,
the back surface of the reflecting mirror 1 is connected with the reflecting mirror supporting piece 13 to form a sub-mirror of the condensation heliostat; the trusses 4 are connected to the truss holders 9, and a plurality of trusses 4 radiate outwards from the truss holders 9 located at the center to form an umbrella-shaped support; the sub-mirrors of the plurality of concentrating heliostats are fixedly connected to the truss 4 supported in an umbrella shape; the truss fixer 9 is fixedly connected with one end of the universal joint 11, and the other end of the universal joint 11 is fixedly connected with the upright post 2, so that the heliostat can freely rotate in two dimensions of horizontal and pitching; the hydraulic driving system comprises hydraulic push rods, one end of one of the hydraulic push rods is connected to the upright post 2, the other end of the hydraulic push rod is connected to the truss 4, one end of the other hydraulic push rod is connected to the universal joint 11, and the other end of the other hydraulic push rod is connected to the truss 4; the controller 5 is used for controlling the hydraulic drive system; the upright post 2 stands on the ground.
According to the technical scheme, the sub-mirrors of the plurality of condensation heliostats are spliced together to form the mirror surface of the condensation heliostat, and the mirror surface of the condensation heliostat is in a regular hexagon shape.
In the above technical solution, the reflector 1 is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid.
In the above technical solution, a plurality of the reflector supports 13 are connected to one reflector 1, the reflector supports 13 are arranged on the reflector 1 in a non-uniform arrangement manner, that is, close to one side of the center of the heliostat, the reflector supports 13 are arranged loosely and far away from one side of the center of the heliostat, and the reflector supports 13 are arranged densely.
In the technical scheme, a stud 17 with adjustable fixed height is arranged above the truss 4; when the reflector support 13 is connected with the truss 4, the bolt of the stud 17 is fixedly connected with an intermediate metal sheet 16; the middle metal sheet 16 has openings at both ends and is connected to the mirror support members 13 at both sides by friction type bolts.
In the technical scheme, the sub-mirrors of the plurality of light-gathering heliostats are spliced together to form a mirror surface of the light-gathering heliostat; the mirror surface of the condensing heliostat is a slightly concave reflecting surface, and the surface shape of the heliostat mirror surface can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the stud 17, so that the focal length of the slightly concave reflecting surface is adjusted.
In the above technical solution, the reflector supporting member 13 is a rectangular tube, two sides of which extend out of a metal thin plate, and the metal thin plate is provided with an elliptical hole capable of compensating for installation errors of the heliostat.
In the above technical solution, the truss 4 is a plane truss, and has an upper fixing point and a lower fixing point with the truss fixer 9; the truss 4 has two types, namely a long truss and a short truss; wherein, the long trusses are arranged on the radius of the circumscribed circle, and the short trusses are arranged on the radius of the inscribed circle.
In the above technical scheme, the truss fixer 9 is in a shape of a circular truncated cone, the extending parts of two face rib plates on the upper and lower sides are used for fixing the truss 4, the upper fixing plate is larger, the lower fixing plate is smaller, and the middle is fixed by the rib plate.
In the above technical solution, the universal joint 11 has two shafts, which are a universal joint a shaft 15 and a universal joint B shaft 14 respectively; the hydraulic driving system comprises at least two hydraulic push rods, namely a first hydraulic push rod 8 and a second hydraulic push rod 6; the first hydraulic push rod 8 is used for controlling the rotation of the universal joint A shaft 15, one end of the first hydraulic push rod is fixed on the universal joint A shaft 15, and the other end of the first hydraulic push rod is fixed on the truss 4; the second hydraulic push rod 6 is used for controlling the rotation of a universal joint B shaft 14, one end of the second hydraulic push rod is fixed on the upright post 2, and the other end of the second hydraulic push rod is fixed on the truss 4.
In the above technical solution, the second hydraulic push rod 6 is connected by a universal joint or a ball to fix one end thereof to the truss 4.
In the above technical solution, the controller 5 adjusts the direction of the reflecting surface of the heliostat by controlling the hydraulic drive system.
In the above technical solution, the controller 5 further includes a wireless receiving and transmitting module, which is used for interconnecting with the controller of the full mirror field.
In the above technical solution, the power supply of the controller 5 and the hydraulic driving system is provided by a hexagonal solar panel fixed on the truss holder 9.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the mirror surface of the condensation heliostat for solar tower heat utilization is hexagonal, and compared with the most common rectangular heliostat in the prior art, the condensation heliostat for solar tower heat utilization has the advantages that the occupied area, the shielding efficiency and the mirror field optical efficiency are improved;
2. the concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization adopts right-angled trapezoidal glass which is close to a triangle, can be cut from rectangular glass raw materials, almost has no leftover materials, and has lower cost; the right trapezoid is similar to a triangle, and the triangle has higher stability, so that the shape is also beneficial to the accurate adjustment and maintenance of the shape of the heliostat mirror;
3. the back surface of the concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization is bonded with the reflector supporting piece, the reflector supporting piece close to the center of the heliostat is more loosely distributed, the reflector supporting piece far away from the center of the heliostat is more tightly distributed, the wind load and gravity load born by the reflector can be more uniformly transmitted to the truss, and the deformation is smaller;
4. the truss structure of the concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization is a radiation umbrella-shaped support, the weight of the concentrating heliostat is mainly concentrated in the middle part of the heliostat, the natural vibration frequency is higher, and the concentrating heliostat is concentrated in the center of the structure. This makes the vibration pattern of the heliostat more stable under the influence of wind.
5. The condensing heliostat for solar tower heat utilization can adjust the surface type of the heliostat, so that the focal length of the heliostat is adjusted, and the condensing effect is better.
7. The truss structure of the concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization adopts the solar cell to directly supply power and transmit radio information. The laying cost of the three networks of the light field is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a back view of a concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a back portion of a concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of glass processing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the heliostat neutron mirror bonding approach of concentrating heliostats for solar tower heat utilization of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a heliostat of the concentrating heliostat neutronic optic for solar tower heat utilization of the present invention in fixed connection with a truss;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of a truss to a truss fixture in a concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a gimbal in a concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the manner of securing a first hydraulic push rod in a concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a second hydraulic push rod to a truss in a concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a second hydraulic push rod to a post in a concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the installation of solar panels in concentrating heliostats for solar tower heat utilization of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a plot of a comparison of the footprint of a regular hexagonal heliostat to a square heliostat;
fig. 14 is a graph comparing shading efficiency for regular hexagonal heliostats versus square heliostats.
Description of the drawings
1 reflector 2 column
3 solar cell panel 4 truss
5 controller 6 second hydraulic push rod
7 second hydraulic push rod column fixing universal joint 8 first hydraulic push rod
9 truss fixer 10 second hydraulic push rod fixing universal joint
11 gimbal 12 first hydraulic push rod truss fixer
13 mirror support 14 gimbal B axis
15 universal joint A shaft 16 middle metal sheet
17 double-end stud
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization of the present invention for reflecting and focusing incident sunlight on a heat absorber following the solar azimuth comprises: the device comprises a reflector 1, a reflector support 13, a truss 4, a truss fixer 9, a hydraulic drive system, a universal joint 11, a stand column 2 and a controller 5; wherein the back of the reflector 1 is connected with a reflector support 13 to form a sub-mirror of the concentrating heliostat; the trusses 4 are connected to the truss holders 9, and the trusses 4 radiate outwards from the truss holders 9 located at the center to form an umbrella-shaped support; the sub-mirrors of the plurality of concentrating heliostats are fixedly connected to the truss 4 supported in an umbrella shape; the truss fixer 9 is fixedly connected with one end of the universal joint 11, and the other end of the universal joint 11 is fixedly connected with the upright post 2, so that the heliostat can freely rotate in two dimensions of horizontal dimension and pitching dimension; the hydraulic driving system comprises hydraulic push rods and a hydraulic station, one end of one of the hydraulic push rods is connected to the upright post 2, the other end of the hydraulic push rod is connected to the truss 4, one end of the other hydraulic push rod is connected to the universal joint, and the other end of the other hydraulic push rod is connected to the truss; the controller 5 is used for controlling the hydraulic driving system; the upright post 2 stands on the ground.
The various components of the concentrating heliostat are described further below.
The reflector 1 is shaped as a right trapezoid with two other angles of 60 ° and 120 °, respectively. As shown in fig. 4, the shape of the reflector 1 is such that it does not produce scrap material during the glass cutting process, and is low in cost. The right trapezoid is approximately triangular, and the shape of the reflector 1 is also beneficial to the precise adjustment and maintenance of the shape of the heliostat mirror due to the higher stability of the triangle.
Referring to fig. 5, the mirror support 13 is adhesively fixed to the back of the mirror 1. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the mirror support 13 is a rectangular tube, but the mirror support is not limited to this in practical use, and in other embodiments, an angle iron or other section bar may be used as the mirror support. As can be seen from fig. 1, a plurality of reflector supporting members 13 are bonded to one reflector 1, and these reflector supporting members 13 are arranged on the reflector 1 in a non-uniform manner, that is, close to one side of the center (right trapezoid short side) of the heliostat, the reflector supporting members 13 are arranged loosely, and far away from one side of the center (right trapezoid long side) of the heliostat, the reflector supporting members 13 are arranged densely. The arrangement mode can ensure that the wind load and gravity load borne by the reflecting mirror 1 are transmitted to the truss 4 more uniformly, so that the deformation of the whole heliostat is smaller.
The reflector 1 is connected to a reflector support 13 to form a sub-mirror of a concentrating heliostat. The sub-mirrors of the plurality of concentrating heliostats are spliced together to form a regular-hexagon concentrating heliostat mirror surface. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-3, there are 12 concentrating heliostat sub-mirrors, and the 12 sub-mirrors together form a slightly concave reflecting surface. In other embodiments, the number of sub-mirrors may vary depending on other factors, such as the difficulty of processing the glass, the scrap, the number of trusses, the manner of support, and the like. As a preferred implementation, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1-3, the heliostat mirror is shaped as a regular hexagon. But not limited thereto, the heliostat mirror may also be shaped as other non-regular hexagons.
The mirror support 13 of the heliostat sub-mirror is connected to the truss 4. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, a metal thin plate, which is provided with an elliptical hole, is protruded from both sides of the rectangular tube as the mirror support 13. Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the connection between the mirror support 13 and the truss 4, and as shown in the figure, a stud 17 with adjustable fixed height is installed above the truss 4, and the stud is fixedly connected with the middle metal sheet 16. The middle metal sheet 16 is open at both ends for connection with the metal sheets of the mirror supports 13 on both sides. As mentioned previously, the metal sheets on both sides of the reflector support 13 are provided with elliptical holes, which can compensate for mounting errors of the heliostat sub-mirrors. The holes at the two ends of the middle metal sheet 16 are connected with the elliptical holes on the metal thin plate by using friction type bolts.
The heliostat mirror is non-planar. The mirror field of the photothermal power generation system is composed of a large number of heliostats, which are arranged in a circular arc staggered manner. In order to achieve the best focusing effect, the heliostats should have different focal lengths and thus different heliostat profiles according to the position from the heat absorption tower. Therefore, in the installation process of the heliostat, for heliostats in different arrangement directions, the heights of the studs corresponding to the target surface types of the heliostat need to be calculated respectively, and then the heights of the studs 17 on the truss 4 are adjusted to enable the surface type of the mirror surface to reach the target value.
The truss fixer 9 is in a round table shape, the extending parts of the upper and lower rib plates are used for fixing the truss 4, the upper fixing plate is larger, the lower fixing plate is smaller, and the middle part is fixed by the rib plates.
Fig. 7(a) and 7(b) are schematic views showing the connection of the truss 4 and the truss holder 9. The truss 4 is a plane truss and is provided with an upper fixing point and a lower fixing point with the truss fixer 9. The trusses are of two types, namely long trusses and short trusses; wherein, the long trusses are arranged on the radius of the circumscribed circle, and the short trusses are arranged on the radius of the inscribed circle. Wherein two bolts are arranged at the fixing point of the long truss, and one bolt is arranged at the fixing point of the short truss.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the truss 4 is made of rectangular pipes by welding, but the invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, sections such as angle steel, i-shaped steel, etc. may be used.
As shown in fig. 8, the universal joint 11 has two shafts, which are a universal joint a shaft 15 and a universal joint B shaft 14; correspondingly, as a preferred implementation manner, the hydraulic push rods included in the hydraulic driving system have two branches, namely a first hydraulic push rod 8 and a second hydraulic push rod 6; the first hydraulic push rod 8 is used for controlling the rotation of the universal joint a shaft 15, as shown in fig. 9, one end of the first hydraulic push rod is fixed on the universal joint a shaft (15), and the other end of the first hydraulic push rod is fixed on the truss 4 through the truss fixer 12. The second hydraulic push rod 6 is used for controlling the rotation of a universal joint B shaft 14, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, one end of the second hydraulic push rod is fixed on the upright post 2 through the upright post fixing universal joint 7, and the other end of the second hydraulic push rod is fixed on the truss 4 through the second hydraulic push rod fixing universal joint 10. Although in the above-described embodiment, the fixing point of the hydraulic push rod to the truss 4 is fixed by using a universal joint, it is not limited thereto, and a ball connection may be used. In other embodiments, the number of hydraulic push rods in the hydraulic drive system is not limited to two, such as three or more, but at least one hydraulic push rod is ensured to act on the cardan a shaft 15 or the cardan B shaft 14.
The controller 5 enables control of the hydraulic drive system. In the working process of the heliostat, along with the change of the sun azimuth, the direction of the reflecting surface of the heliostat needs to be adjusted in order to realize the optimal sunlight focusing effect, and the direction of the reflecting surface of the heliostat can be adjusted by controlling a hydraulic driving system through a controller 5. Through the calculation of the controller, the stroke of the hydraulic push rod is adjusted at different moments, so that the reflecting surface reflects the incident sunlight which is approximately parallel to the reflecting surface to a specified position. The controller 5 can be realized by a single chip microcomputer. The controller 5 may also comprise a wireless receiving and transmitting module for interconnecting with a controller of the full mirror field.
The heliostat power supply mode supplies power to the solar panel. The controller 5 and the hydraulic drive system are powered from a solar panel and a dc battery. As shown in fig. 12, the solar cell panel 3 is installed above the intermediate truss holder in the shape of a regular hexagon.
The mirror surface of the condensation heliostat for solar tower heat utilization is hexagonal, and compared with the most common rectangular heliostat in the prior art, the condensation heliostat with the shape is improved in floor area, shielding efficiency and mirror field optical efficiency.
First a comparison is made of the floor space. When the heliostats are arranged, the minimum occupied area of the heliostats is the interference cylindrical area where the heliostats are located. I.e., the range of motion of the heliostats when rotating about a central point, can collide and be damaged if two heliostat interference cylindrical zones overlap. The area of the projection of the interference cylinder to the ground is the area corresponding to the circumscribed circle of the heliostat face type.
Referring to fig. 13, compared with a rectangular heliostat, the hexagonal heliostat of the invention has a smaller radius of the circumscribed circle under the same light reflection area, and a single-sided heliostat saves about 20% of the floor area, thereby effectively reducing the installation distance of the left and right heliostats.
Comparing the radius of the circumscribed circle of the regular hexagon with the square, wherein the area of the circumscribed circle is S:
Dsix ingredients＝0.877DFourthly,SSix ingredients＝0.770SFourthly。
Wherein DSix ingredientsAnd DFourthlyRespectively the diameter of the hexagonal and square circumscribed circle, SSix ingredientsAnd SFourthlyRespectively the area of the hexagon and the square circumscribed circle.
Second, the shading efficiency was compared. When the hexagonal heliostats are arranged in the arc staggered mode, the front and back shielding areas are smaller, and the mounting distance of the front and back heliostats can be effectively reduced. In the arrangement of fig. 14, the shading efficiency of the square is 6.5% lower. Therefore, the mirror field arrangement density of the hexagonal heliostat is higher, and the heliostat reflecting area is larger for the mirror field with the same occupied area.
Finally, the optical efficiency of the mirror field is compared. The optical efficiency of the mirror field is mainly related to the cosine efficiency. In the northern hemisphere, the cosine efficiency is highest in the middle area of the northern side of the heat absorption tower, and as the heliostats are high in arrangement density and can be arranged in more areas with higher optical efficiency on the premise of the same heliostat reflecting area, the heliostat field formed by the heliostats is higher in optical efficiency compared with a rectangular heliostat.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization, comprising: the device comprises a reflector (1), a reflector support (13), a truss (4), a truss fixer (9), a hydraulic drive system, a universal joint (11), a stand column (2) and a controller (5); wherein,
the back of the reflector (1) is connected with the reflector support (13) to form a sub-reflector of the concentrating heliostat; the trusses (4) are connected to the truss holders (9), and a plurality of trusses (4) radiate outwards from the truss holders (9) located at the center to form umbrella-shaped supports; the sub-mirrors of the plurality of concentrating heliostats are fixedly connected to the truss (4) which is supported in an umbrella shape; the truss fixer (9) is fixedly connected with one end of the universal joint (11), and the other end of the universal joint (11) is fixedly connected with the upright post (2), so that the heliostat can freely rotate in two dimensions of horizontal and pitching; the hydraulic driving system comprises hydraulic push rods, one end of one of the hydraulic push rods is connected to the upright post (2), the other end of the hydraulic push rod is connected to the truss (4), one end of the other hydraulic push rod is connected to the universal joint (11), and the other end of the other hydraulic push rod is connected to the truss (4); the controller (5) is used for controlling the hydraulic drive system; the upright post (2) stands on the ground.
2. The concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein sub-mirrors of a plurality of concentrating heliostats are spliced together to form a mirror face of the concentrating heliostat, the mirror face of the concentrating heliostat being in the shape of a regular hexagon.
3. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflector (1) is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid.
4. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of said mirror supports (13) are connected to one mirror (1), these mirror supports (13) are arranged on the mirror (1) in a non-uniform arrangement, i.e. closer to the central side of the heliostat, the mirror supports (13) are arranged more loosely, farther from the central side of the heliostat, the mirror supports (13) are arranged more densely.
5. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that above the truss (4) is mounted a stud (17) adjustable of fixed height; when the reflector support (13) is connected with the truss (4), the bolt of the stud (17) is fixedly connected with an intermediate metal sheet (16); holes are formed in two ends of the middle metal sheet (16) and are connected with the reflector supporting pieces (13) on two sides through friction type bolts.
6. The concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 5 wherein sub-mirrors of a plurality of concentrating heliostats are spliced together to form a mirrored surface of the concentrating heliostat; the mirror surface of the condensing heliostat is a slightly concave reflecting surface, and the surface shape of the heliostat mirror surface can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the stud (17), so that the focal length of the slightly concave reflecting surface is adjusted.
7. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that the mirror support (13) is a rectangular tube with metal sheets protruding from both sides, on which metal sheets elliptical holes are made that can compensate for heliostat mirror mounting errors.
8. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that the truss (4) is a planar truss with two upper and lower fixing points to the truss holder (9); the trusses (4) are of two types, namely long trusses and short trusses; wherein, the long trusses are arranged on the radius of the circumscribed circle, and the short trusses are arranged on the radius of the inscribed circle.
9. The concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein the truss fixer (9) is in a shape of a truncated cone, the protruding parts of rib plates on the upper surface and the lower surface of the truss fixer are used for fixing the truss (4), the upper fixing plate is larger, the lower fixing plate is smaller, and the middle part of the truss fixer is fixed by the rib plates.
10. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that the gimbal (11) has two shafts, respectively a gimbal a shaft (15), a gimbal B shaft (14); the hydraulic driving system comprises at least two hydraulic push rods, namely a first hydraulic push rod (8) and a second hydraulic push rod (6); the first hydraulic push rod (8) is used for controlling the rotation of the universal joint A shaft (15), one end of the first hydraulic push rod is fixed on the universal joint A shaft (15), and the other end of the first hydraulic push rod is fixed on the truss (4); the second hydraulic push rod (6) is used for controlling the rotation of a universal joint B shaft (14), one end of the second hydraulic push rod is fixed on the upright post (2), and the other end of the second hydraulic push rod is fixed on the truss (4).
11. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 10, characterized in that the second hydraulic push rod (6) fixes its one end to the truss (4) by means of a cardan or ball connection.
12. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (5) adjusts the heliostat reflecting surface direction by control of the hydraulic drive system.
13. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (5) further comprises a wireless receiving and transmitting module for interconnecting with a controller of the full mirror field.
14. Concentrating heliostat for solar tower heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply of the controller (5) and hydraulic drive system is provided by hexagonal solar panels fixed on a truss holder (9).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610628758.9A CN106019530A (en) | 2016-08-01 | 2016-08-01 | Light condensing heliostat for solar tower type heat utilization |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610628758.9A CN106019530A (en) | 2016-08-01 | 2016-08-01 | Light condensing heliostat for solar tower type heat utilization |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106019530A true CN106019530A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610628758.9A Pending CN106019530A (en) | 2016-08-01 | 2016-08-01 | Light condensing heliostat for solar tower type heat utilization |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106019530A (en) |
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Application publication date: 20161012 |