CN105911689B - Display base plate, display panel and display device - Google Patents
Display base plate, display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105911689B CN105911689B CN201610405176.4A CN201610405176A CN105911689B CN 105911689 B CN105911689 B CN 105911689B CN 201610405176 A CN201610405176 A CN 201610405176A CN 105911689 B CN105911689 B CN 105911689B
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 10
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of display base plate of present invention offer, display panel and display device, belong to display technology field.The display base plate of the present invention, is divided into multiple pixel units, each pixel unit includes the sub-pixel of at least one color, and display base plate includes substrate;The fixation electrode being arranged above substrate;It is arranged above public electrode, the dielectric layer at position corresponding with each sub-pixel and the support column between two adjacent dielectrics;It is arranged in the movable electrode where dielectric layer and support column above layer;And the movable electrode interval setting at the corresponding position of each sub-pixel;Dielectric layer is used to the light exposed on movable electrode reflecting the identical light of corresponding with dielectric layer sub-pixel colors;Support column is used to support movable electrode;Movable electrode and fixed electrode generate potential difference after being applied in voltage, and movable electrode is accumulated according to the control of the size of potential difference with respectively corresponding dielectric layer interface, the light that adjusting sub-pixel is launched number.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of display, and particularly relates to a display substrate, a display panel and a display device.
Background
Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal displays (TFT-LCDs for short) have the characteristics of small size, low power consumption, no radiation and the like, have been rapidly developed in recent years, and have a leading position in the current flat panel Display market.
However, since the liquid crystal display device uses white light as a backlight, only polarized light in the white light passes through a liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal display device, and a part of polarized light is lost when passing through the color filter, so that the utilization rate of light is low. In addition, the liquid crystal display device has the defects of small visual range, complex structure, high cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a display substrate, a display panel and a display device with high light emitting efficiency and low power consumption.
The technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is a display substrate, which is divided into a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit includes at least one color sub-pixel, and the display substrate includes:
a substrate; a fixed electrode disposed over the substrate; the dielectric layer is arranged above the common electrode and at the position corresponding to each sub-pixel, and the support column is positioned between the two adjacent dielectric layers; the movable electrode is arranged above the layer where the dielectric layer and the support columns are arranged and at the position corresponding to each sub-pixel; the movable electrodes at the positions corresponding to the sub-pixels are arranged at intervals; wherein,
the dielectric layer is used for reflecting light rays irradiated onto the movable electrode to form light with the same color as the corresponding sub-pixels of the dielectric layer, and the thicknesses of the dielectric layers reflecting light with different colors are different;
the supporting column is used for supporting the movable electrode;
the movable electrode and the fixed electrode are used for generating a potential difference after voltage is applied, and the movable electrode controls the contact area of the dielectric layers corresponding to the movable electrode and the fixed electrode according to the magnitude of the potential difference so as to adjust the quantity of light emitted by the sub-pixels.
Preferably, the display substrate further includes a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines disposed on the substrate and insulated from the fixed electrodes; the grid lines and the multiple data lines are arranged in a crossed mode, and one sub-pixel is defined at the crossed position; wherein each of the sub-pixels includes a thin film transistor; the grid electrodes of the thin film transistors in the sub-pixels positioned on the same row are connected with the same grid line, the source electrodes of the thin film transistors in the sub-pixels positioned on the same column are connected with the same data line, and the drain electrodes of the thin film transistors in each sub-pixel are connected with the movable electrodes corresponding to the sub-pixels.
It is further preferred that the display substrate further comprises a source driver and a gate driver; the source driver is connected with the data lines and used for providing data voltage signals for the sub-pixels through the data lines; the gate driver is connected to the gate lines and is configured to provide gate scanning signals to the sub-pixels via the gate lines.
Preferably, each of the pixel units includes three colors of the sub-pixels, red, green, and blue.
Preferably, the material of the movable electrode is aluminum.
Preferably, the material of the fixed electrode is aluminum.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problem of the invention is a display panel which comprises the display substrate.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problem of the invention is a display device which comprises the display panel.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the existing liquid crystal display device, the display substrate can be directly used for displaying, does not need structures such as liquid crystal, a polaroid, a color filter, a backlight source and the like, greatly improves the light efficiency and reduces the power consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical interferometric modulation unit;
fig. 2 and 3 are structural views of a display substrate of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating different gray scale implementations of a display substrate according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a driving circuit diagram of a display substrate according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are: p1, first plate; p2, second plate; 1. a first aluminum film; 2. a second aluminum film; 3. spacing fixed blocks; 20. a substrate; 21. a fixed electrode; 22. a support pillar; 23. a dielectric layer; 24. a movable electrode; 25. a gate line; 26. a data line; A. a sub-pixel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides a display substrate, which is divided into a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including at least one color of sub-pixel a; in the present embodiment, the description is given by taking an example that each pixel unit includes three color sub-pixels a of a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and a green sub-pixel, but it should be understood that each pixel unit is not limited to include the above three different color sub-pixels a, and each pixel unit may also include other color sub-pixels such as a white sub-pixel and a wine red sub-pixel, which are not listed here.
Specifically, the display substrate in this embodiment includes: a substrate 20; a fixed electrode 21 disposed above the substrate 20; a dielectric layer 23 disposed above the common electrode at a position corresponding to each sub-pixel and a support pillar 22 disposed between two adjacent dielectric layers 23; a movable electrode 24 disposed above the layer where the dielectric layer 23 and the support posts 22 are located, at a position corresponding to each sub-pixel a; and the movable electrodes 24 at the positions corresponding to the sub-pixels a are arranged at intervals; the dielectric layer 23 is used for reflecting light irradiated onto the movable electrode 24 to form light with the same color as that of the sub-pixel corresponding to the dielectric layer 23, and the thicknesses of the dielectric layers 23 reflecting light with different colors are different; a support column 22 for supporting a movable electrode 24; the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 are used for generating a potential difference after being applied with voltage, and the movable electrode 24 controls the contact area of the medium layer 23 corresponding to each movable electrode according to the magnitude of the potential difference so as to adjust the quantity of light emitted by the sub-pixel.
Therefore, the display substrate can be directly used for displaying, and compared with the existing liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device does not need structures such as a liquid crystal, a polaroid, a color filter, a backlight source and the like, so that the light efficiency is greatly improved, and the power consumption is reduced.
In order to clearly understand the operation principle of the display substrate of the present embodiment, the functions of each part of the display substrate of the present embodiment are described in detail below.
First, the function of the dielectric layer 23 will be described. The thickness of the dielectric layer 23 determines the color of the sub-pixel to which it corresponds. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the optical interference modulation unit includes: the device comprises a first flat plate P1, a second flat plate P2, a first aluminum film 1, a second aluminum film 2 and a spacing fixed block 3; the space fixing block 3 supports the first plate P1 and the second plate P2, and defines a space gap H. After the light is transmitted into the gap through the translucent first aluminum film 1, it is reflected from the second aluminum film 2, and then the light is reflected back and forth between the first plate P1 and the second plate P2 without any interruption, each time some light is transmitted from above. These reflections cause the light of most wavelengths to cancel each other out due to interference, but the enhancement effect is produced when the wavelength of the reflected light and the distance between the first aluminum film 1 and the second aluminum film 2 exactly conform to a specific functional relationship. That is, when the distance H between the two parallel reflective surfaces of the optical interference modulation unit is a certain value (corresponding to an F-P etalon), light of a specific wavelength is intensified and emitted from above, and light of other wavelengths cancel each other out. Therefore, the etalon functions as a mirror that reflects only one color, and the color of the reflected light can be selected by changing the distance H between the first aluminum film 1 and the second aluminum film 2. According to the above principle, the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 in the display substrate of the present invention determines the color of the reflected light.
As shown in fig. 2, the structure of the display substrate of the present embodiment includes a fixed electrode 21, a movable electrode 24 corresponding to the red sub-pixel, and a dielectric layer 23 (the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 is H)R) A movable electrode 24 corresponding to the green sub-pixel position, and a dielectric layer 23 (the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 is H)G) A movable electrode 24 corresponding to the position of the blue sub-pixel, and a dielectric layer 23 (the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 is H)B). The structure of each sub-pixel is equivalent to an etalon, and the wavelength of light reflected by the etalon can be selected by adjusting the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 of the sub-pixel. As shown in FIG. 3, the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 244 of the red sub-pixel have a spacing HRTherefore, when external light irradiates the "etalon" of the red sub-pixel, the red light is intensified and reflected, and lights of other colors cancel each other out, the principle of the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel is the same as that of the red sub-pixel, only the distance between the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 is set to be different, that is, the thickness of the dielectric layer 23 is set to be different, and the size of the distance determines the wavelength and the color of the light reflected by the "etalon". When the spacing between the sub-pixels is sufficiently large,the light reflected by the sub-pixels is infrared light, when the distance between the sub-pixels is small enough, the light reflected by the sub-pixels is ultraviolet light, the wavelengths of the two lights are beyond the range recognizable by human eyes, and the pixel is in an off state, namely a black state. For example, when the movable electrodes 24 of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels are all in the original state shown in fig. 2, the movable electrodes 24 and the fixed electrodes 21 are supported by the supporting posts 22, so that the distance between the movable electrodes 24 and the fixed electrodes 21 is relatively large, and at this time, the light reflected at the positions of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels is infrared light, which is invisible to human eyes and appears as a black state. As shown in FIG. 3, the movable electrodes 24 at the red sub-pixel position are all at the original position, so the red sub-pixel is in the black state, but the movable electrodes 24 at the green sub-pixel position and the movable electrodes 24 at the blue sub-pixel position are all at the excited position, i.e. are in contact with the dielectric layer 23 after voltage is applied, and the distances between the movable electrodes 24 and the fixed electrodes 21 are HGAnd HBTherefore, the sub-pixel where the movable electrode 24 at the position of the green sub-pixel and the movable electrode 24 at the position of the blue sub-pixel are respectively reflected with green light and blue light and is represented as a bright state, and the pixel unit is represented as a superimposed color of the green light and the blue light, namely, cyan.
Next, how the gray scale of each sub-pixel on the display substrate is realized will be described. The gray scale in the display substrate in the present embodiment depends on the contact area between the movable electrode 24 and the dielectric layer 23 in the corresponding sub-pixel. The whole function of each sub-pixel of the display substrate is equivalent to a mirror which can reflect only one color, the color of the reflected light can be selected by only changing the distance H between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24 (namely, the thickness of the dielectric layer 23), and the reflected light is stronger when the working area of the mirror is larger. As shown in fig. 3, when the interval between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24 is fixed at HRWhen the potential difference U between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24 is larger, the movable electrode 24 is more strongly attracted by electric charges, the elastic deformation is larger, and the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 are fixedThe larger the contact area or length L with the dielectric layer 23 at a certain distance, the larger the effective working area of the sub-pixel, and thus the greater the intensity of the red light reflected by the sub-pixel, i.e. the brighter the sub-pixel, the different gray scale brightness is formed by changing the potential difference between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24, and the different color is formed by the three primary colors of red, green and blue and their different gray scales. As shown in fig. 4, the length L and the brightness U are linearly related.
As shown in fig. 5, the display substrate of the present embodiment further includes: a plurality of gate lines 25 and a plurality of data lines 26 disposed on the substrate 20 and insulated from the fixed electrodes 21; the gate line 25 and the plurality of data lines 26 are arranged to intersect and define one sub-pixel a at the intersection; wherein each sub-pixel comprises a thin film transistor; the gates of the tfts in the sub-pixels in the same row are connected to the same gate line 25, the sources of the tfts in the sub-pixels in the same column are connected to the same data line 26, and the drains of the tfts in each sub-pixel a are connected to the respective movable electrodes 24. Of course, the display substrate further includes a source driver and a gate driver; the source driver is connected to the data line 26, and is configured to provide a data voltage signal to each sub-pixel a through the data line 26; the gate driver is connected to the gate line 25 for supplying a gate scanning signal to each of the sub-pixels a through the gate line 25.
Specifically, each sub-pixel a is provided with a thin film transistor, the gate of the thin film transistor is connected to the row scanning line, the source of the thin film transistor is connected to the data line 26, the drain of the thin film transistor is connected to the movable electrode 24, the movable electrode 24 is fixed at the left and right ends through a fixed supporting block, the fixed electrode 21 is plated on the glass substrate 20, and the dielectric layer 23 on the fixed electrode 21 not only maintains the fixed distance between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 24, but also prevents the short circuit between the two. An air gap is reserved between the movable electrode 24 and the dielectric layer 23, and the air gap has the function of keeping the original black state. Each row of gate lines 25 is connected to a gate driver, the data lines 26 are connected to a source driver, when the pixel array is operated, each row of gate lines 25 is sequentially opened, and the pixel array scans row by row, when a certain row is opened (i.e., all thin film transistors on the row are opened, and the sources and the drains of the thin film transistors are conducted), the source driver outputs voltage signals of all the sub-pixels a on the row, and the voltage signals are written into the movable electrode 24 through the conduction of the sources and the drains because the switches of the thin film transistors are conducted, so that different potential differences are formed between the movable electrode 24 and the fixed common electrode, and the potential differences of different sub-pixels a form different gray-scale brightness. Then, the thin film transistor in the row is turned off, the thin film transistor in the next row is turned on, and the writing of the next row signal is started to express the color and gray scale of all the sub-pixels a in the next row. It should be noted that, when a row of thin film transistors is in an on state, a signal is written, and after the signal writing is completed, the row of thin film transistors is in an off state for a relatively long period of time, the source and the drain of the thin film transistor are no longer turned on, and are in an off state, in this state, the data line 26 writes a signal to the sub-pixels a in other rows, and the voltage signal on the data line 26 changes continuously, but since the thin film transistors are in the off state, the voltage signal on the data line 26 is not written to all the sub-pixels in the row where the thin film transistors are turned off. Meanwhile, since the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 form an overlapping area through the dielectric layer 23, they are equivalent to a variable capacitor, and the voltage between two poles of the capacitor has a holding characteristic, and the larger the capacitor is, the stronger the holding characteristic is. When the voltage writing of the sub-pixel a is completed, the potential difference between the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 remains unchanged due to the voltage holding characteristic, and the gray-scale luminance of the sub-pixel a remains unchanged or changes very slightly (below the minimum gray-scale luminance difference).
In the present embodiment, the movable electrode 24 and the fixed electrode 21 are made of aluminum, but other materials with semi-reflective and semi-transparent properties may be adopted.
In summary, the display substrate of the present embodiment can be directly used for displaying, and compared with the existing liquid crystal display device, structures such as liquid crystal, polarizer, color filter, backlight source, etc. are not required, so that the light efficiency is greatly improved, and the power consumption is reduced.
Example 2:
the present embodiment provides a display panel and a display device, wherein the display panel includes the display substrate in embodiment 1. Of course, the display panel of the present embodiment further includes a pair of cell substrates disposed opposite to the display substrate and located on the movable electrode 24 side, and the pair of cell substrates can protect the movable electrode 24.
Correspondingly, the display device in the embodiment includes the display panel. The display device may further include a front light source for providing incident light to the display panel. So that the display device can perform display under any condition.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A display substrate divided into a plurality of pixel units, each of the pixel units including at least one color sub-pixel, the display substrate comprising:
a substrate; a fixed electrode disposed over the substrate; the dielectric layer is arranged above the common electrode and at the position corresponding to each sub-pixel, and the support column is positioned between the two adjacent dielectric layers; the movable electrode is arranged above the layer where the dielectric layer and the support columns are arranged and at the position corresponding to each sub-pixel; the movable electrodes at the positions corresponding to the sub-pixels are arranged at intervals; wherein,
the dielectric layer is used for reflecting light rays irradiated onto the movable electrode to form light with the same color as the corresponding sub-pixels of the dielectric layer, and the thicknesses of the dielectric layers reflecting light with different colors are different;
the supporting column is used for supporting the movable electrode;
the movable electrode and the fixed electrode are used for generating a potential difference after voltage is applied, and the movable electrode controls the contact area of the dielectric layers corresponding to the movable electrode and the fixed electrode according to the magnitude of the potential difference so as to adjust the quantity of light emitted by the sub-pixels.
2. The display substrate according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines disposed on the substrate and insulated from the fixed electrodes; the grid lines and the multiple data lines are arranged in a crossed mode, and one sub-pixel is defined at the crossed position; wherein each of the sub-pixels includes a thin film transistor; the grid electrodes of the thin film transistors in the sub-pixels positioned on the same row are connected with the same grid line, the source electrodes of the thin film transistors in the sub-pixels positioned on the same column are connected with the same data line, and the drain electrodes of the thin film transistors in each sub-pixel are connected with the movable electrodes corresponding to the sub-pixels.
3. The display substrate of claim 2, further comprising a source driver and a gate driver; the source driver is connected with the data lines and used for providing data voltage signals for the sub-pixels through the data lines; the gate driver is connected to the gate lines and is configured to provide gate scanning signals to the sub-pixels via the gate lines.
4. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein each pixel unit comprises three colors of sub-pixels of red, green and blue.
5. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein a material of the movable electrode is aluminum.
6. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein the material of the fixed electrode is aluminum.
7. A display panel comprising the display substrate of any one of claims 1-6.
8. The display panel according to claim 7, further comprising a pair of cell substrates disposed opposite to the display panel.
9. A display device characterized in that it comprises a display panel according to claim 7 or 8.
10. The display device according to claim 9, further comprising a front light source for providing incident light to the display panel.
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CN106647065B (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2019-08-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel and its control method, display device |
CN107561685B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2020-10-02 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Optical filter, lens module and imaging module |
CN109901285B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-11-10 | 山西大学 | A pixel structure, display device, projection display system and display device |
CN111554828B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2023-01-17 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display substrate, preparation method thereof and display device |
CN114688998B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-10-27 | 深圳中科飞测科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting flatness of slide holder |
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