CN105873949B - 新的抗baff抗体 - Google Patents
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- CN105873949B CN105873949B CN201580003487.1A CN201580003487A CN105873949B CN 105873949 B CN105873949 B CN 105873949B CN 201580003487 A CN201580003487 A CN 201580003487A CN 105873949 B CN105873949 B CN 105873949B
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Abstract
本发明涉及抗BAFF抗体分子,其包括新的人源化抗BAFF抗体,以及涉及使用所述抗BAFF抗体分子的治疗和预防方法和组合物。
Description
序列表
本申请含有序列表,其以ASCII格式电子提交,且将其全文引入本文作为参考。所述ASCII副本创建于2015年1月30日,命名为09-0625-US-2_SL.txt,大小为256,600字节。
发明的技术领域
本发明总体上涉及用于诊断性及治疗性用途的抗BAFF抗体。更特别是,公开了用于治疗多种疾病或病症的抗BAFF抗体及方法。亦公开了包含这些化合物的药物组合物及试剂盒。
发明背景
B-细胞活化因子(BAFF)是一种细胞因子,其属于肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)配体超家族,且作为受体BAFF-R(BR3)、TACI(跨膜激活剂和钙调节剂和亲环素配体相互作用分子)和BCMA(B-细胞成熟抗原)的配体而起效。BAFF及其受体之间的相互作用引发对于B细胞的形成和维持至关重要的信号,这继而基于对外来物质侵入的响应而合成免疫球蛋白。BAFF在患者中的适当水平有助于维持正常水平的免疫性,而不足的水平则导致免疫缺陷,且过度的水平可能导致异常高的抗体生成。
当患者表现出自体免疫性时,其针对自体的组织或器官产生抗体。自身免疫疾病包括红斑狼疮和类风湿性关节炎,由体内过度水平的BAFF引起。因此,调节BAFF的产生对于治疗患有这些疾病的患者而言是十分重要的。
BAFF可以以三种形式存在:膜结合型(mbBAFF),可溶性三聚BAFF(sBAFF)和由60个BAFF单体组成的多聚形式。在正常和疾病生理学中,并没有很好地了解所述多种形式BAFF的相对重要性。如前文所述,BAFF结合至三种受体,BAFFR(BR3)、TACI和BCMA。已发现增殖诱导性配体(APRIL)(TNF受体配体家族的相关成员)以高亲和力结合至TACI和BCMA。与高亲和力的APRIL:BCMA相互作用相反,BAFF:BCMA相互作用具有低亲和力(1-2μM),且不认为在体内扮演重要角色(Bossen和Schneider,2006).
可溶性BAFF以高水平表达于患有系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)以及靶器官(例如肾)炎症的个体中。可溶性BAFF是B细胞稳态和存活的关键因子(Kalled等人,2005;Mackay等人,2003;Smith和Cancro,2003;Patke等人,2004)。BAFF依赖性B细胞的自动抗体生成导致肾小球IC沉积,最初是在肾小球基底膜(GBM)、肾小球系膜和近端管状上皮细胞(PTEC)内的间质组织。这些IC沉积导致补充固定(complement fixation)和中性粒细胞活化,造成局部肾损伤。损伤的肾细胞(MC,PTEC,肾成纤维细胞,内皮细胞)产生的炎性调节子(例如IL6,IL8,MCP-1)通过增加免疫细胞(例如B细胞,T细胞,树突细胞,中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞)浸润而刺激炎性循环。
抗BAFF单克隆抗体贝利木单抗(Belimumab,)已表现出治疗系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的活性,且已表现出降低自动抗体生成的能力。贝利木单抗目前已批准用于治疗活化SLE,不涉及肾脏。然而,并没有报道贝利木单抗结合至mbBAFF,因此治疗BAFF水平过量以及抗体生成增加的可行路线仅仅是通过对sBAFF的抑制。相反,已报道抗BAFF肽体(peptibody)blisibimod(A-623)和抗BAFF单抗tabalumab(LY2127399)结合sBAFF和mbBAFF两者(2010Anthera新闻稿和2012Lilly新闻稿)。既然各种形式的BAFF在疾病中的作用是不确定的,那么针对sBAFF和mbBAFF的具有有益药理性质的拮抗剂分子可能在人类免疫和自身免疫疾病的治疗中具有更多的益处。
发明简述
本发明涉及新的抗BAFF抗体以用于治疗免疫和自身免疫疾病,其包括但不限于系统性红斑狼疮、狼疮肾炎和类风湿性关节炎。本发明的抗BAFF抗体以高亲和力结合至人BAFF,因此抑制异常高的免疫球蛋白生成。在本发明的一个实施方案中,抗BAFF抗体源自小鼠杂交瘤,例如单克隆抗体。另一实施方案包括全长抗BAFF抗体。又在另一实施方案中,本发明提供抗BAFF人抗体,其包括全长人源化单克隆抗BAFF抗体。其它实施方案涵盖编码本发明的抗体的DNA分子、包含这些DNA分子的表达载体及宿主细胞、及制备本发明的抗体的方法。本发明另外提供本发明的抗体特别是用于免疫及自身免疫疾病的治疗性用途。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含具有以下CDR的轻链可变域:CDR1选自SEQ ID NO:1,SEQ ID NO:5,SEQ ID NO:10,SEQ ID NO:13,SEQ ID NO:15,SEQID NO:76,SEQ ID NO:77,SEQ ID NO:78,SEQ ID NO:79,SEQ ID NO:80,SEQ ID NO:249,SEQ ID NO:250,SEQ ID NO:251,SEQ ID NO:252,SEQ ID NO:253,SEQ ID NO:254,SEQ IDNO:255,SEQ ID NO:256,SEQ ID NO:257,SEQ ID NO:258,SEQ ID NO:259,SEQ ID NO:260,SEQ ID NO:261,SEQ ID NO:262,SEQ ID NO:263,SEQ ID NO:264,SEQ ID NO:265,SEQ IDNO:266,SEQ ID NO:267,SEQ ID NO:268,SEQ ID NO:269,SEQ ID NO:270,SEQ ID NO:271,SEQ ID NO:272,SEQ ID NO:273,SEQ ID NO:274和SEQ ID NO:275;CDR2选自SEQ ID NO:2,SEQ ID NO:6,SEQ ID NO:8,SEQ ID NO:11,SEQ ID NO:16,SEQ ID NO:276,SEQ ID NO:277,SEQ ID NO:278,SEQ ID NO:279,SEQ ID NO:280,SEQ ID NO:281,SEQ ID NO:282,SEQID NO:283,SEQ ID NO:284,SEQ ID NO:285,SEQ ID NO:286,SEQ ID NO:287,SEQ ID NO:288,SEQ ID NO:289,SEQ ID NO:290,SEQ ID NO:291和SEQ ID NO:292;和CDR3选自SEQ IDNO:3,SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:7,SEQ ID NO:9,SEQ ID NO:12,SEQ ID NO:14,SEQ ID NO:17,SEQ ID NO:293,SEQ ID NO:294,SEQ ID NO:295,SEQ ID NO:296,SEQ ID NO:297,SEQID NO:298,SEQ ID NO:299,SEQ ID NO:300,SEQ ID NO:301,SEQ ID NO:302,SEQ ID NO:303,SEQ ID NO:304,SEQ ID NO:305,SEQ ID NO:306,SEQ ID NO:307,SEQ ID NO:308,SEQID NO:309,SEQ ID NO:310和SEQ ID NO:311;和具有以下CDR的重链可变域:CDR1选自SEQID NO:18,SEQ ID NO:21,SEQ ID NO:23,SEQ ID NO:25,SEQ ID NO:28,SEQ ID NO:31,SEQID NO:34,SEQ ID NO:36,SEQ ID NO:37,SEQ ID NO:81,SEQ ID NO:312,SEQ ID NO:313,SEQ ID NO:314,SEQ ID NO:315,SEQ ID NO:316,SEQ ID NO:317,SEQ ID NO:318,SEQ IDNO:319,SEQ ID NO:320,SEQ ID NO:321,SEQ ID NO:322,SEQ ID NO:323,SEQ ID NO:324,SEQ ID NO:325,SEQ ID NO:326,SEQ ID NO:327,SEQ ID NO:328,SEQ ID NO:329,SEQ IDNO:330,SEQ ID NO:331,SEQ ID NO:332,SEQ ID NO:392,SEQ ID NO:333,SEQ ID NO:334,SEQ ID NO:335和SEQ ID NO:336;CDR2选自SEQ ID NO:19,SEQ ID NO:24,SEQ ID NO:26,SEQ ID NO:29,SEQ ID NO:32,SEQ ID NO:35,SEQ ID NO:38,SEQ ID NO:337,SEQ ID NO:338,SEQ ID NO:339,SEQ ID NO:340,SEQ ID NO:341,SEQ ID NO:342,SEQ ID NO:343,SEQID NO:344,SEQ ID NO:343,SEQ ID NO:345,SEQ ID NO:346,SEQ ID NO:347,SEQ ID NO:348,SEQ ID NO:349,SEQ ID NO:350,SEQ ID NO:351,SEQ ID NO:352,SEQ ID NO:353,SEQID NO:354,SEQ ID NO:355,SEQ ID NO:356,SEQ ID NO:357,SEQ ID NO:358,SEQ ID NO:359,SEQ ID NO:360,SEQ ID NO:361,SEQ ID NO:362,SEQ ID NO:363,SEQ ID NO:364,SEQID NO:365,SEQ ID NO:366和SEQ ID NO:367;和CDR3选自SEQ ID NO:20,SEQ ID NO:22,SEQ ID NO:27,SEQ ID NO:30,SEQ ID NO:33,SEQ ID NO。39,SEQ ID NO:368,SEQ ID NO:369,SEQ ID NO:370,SEQ ID NO:371,SEQ ID NO:372,SEQ ID NO:373,SEQ ID NO:374,SEQID NO:375,SEQ ID NO:376,SEQ ID NO:377,SEQ ID NO:378,SEQ ID NO:378,SEQ ID NO:379,SEQ ID NO:380,SEQ ID NO:381,SEQ ID NO:382,SEQ ID NO:383,SEQ ID NO:384,SEQID NO:385,SEQ ID NO:386,SEQ ID NO:387,SEQ ID NO:388,SEQ ID NO:389,SEQ ID NO:390和SEQ ID NO:391。
在其他实施方案中,本发明提供(a)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:1,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:3,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:18,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:19,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:20;(b)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:1,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:4,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:21,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:19,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:22;(c)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:1,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:4,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQID NO:23,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:24,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:20;(d)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:5,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:6,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:7,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:25,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:26,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:27;(e)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:5,CDR2为SEQ IDNO:8,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:9,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:28,CDR2为SEQID NO:29,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:30;(f)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:10,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:11,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:12,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:31,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:32,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:33;(g)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:13,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:6,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:14,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:34,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:35,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:27;(h)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:10,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:6,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:7,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQID NO:36,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:26,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:27;(i)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:15,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ IDNO:39;(j)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:76,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(k)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:77,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(l)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:78,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(m)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:79,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(n)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:80,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(o)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:5,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:8,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:9,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQID NO:81,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:29,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:30;(p)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:249,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:293,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:312,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:337,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:368;(q)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:250,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:293,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:312,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:337,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:368;(r)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:251,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:277,和CDR3为SEQID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:313,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:338,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:369;(s)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:252,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:278,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:295,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:314,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:339,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:370;(t)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:253,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:279,和CDR3为SEQID NO:296,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:315,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:340,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:371;(u)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:15,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:297,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:316,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:341,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(v)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:254,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:280,和CDR3为SEQ IDNO:298,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:342,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:372;(w)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:255,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:281,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:298,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:343,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:373;(x)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:256,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQ IDNO:299,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:344,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:372;(y)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:255,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:281,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:298,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:318,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:343,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:374;(z)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:257,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:282,和CDR3为SEQID NO:300,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:319,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:345,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:375;(aa)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:258,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:283,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:301,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:320,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:346,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:376;(bb)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:259,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:281,和CDR3为SEQID NO:298,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:347,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:377;(cc)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:260,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:284,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:321,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:348,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:378;(dd)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:254,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQID NO:299,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:322,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:349,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:372;(ee)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:261,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:285,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:323,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:350,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:378;(ff)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:262,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:286,和CDR3为SEQID NO:302,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:324,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:351,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:379;(gg)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:263,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:6,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:303,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:352,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:380;(hh)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:264,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQID NO:304,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:325,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:353,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:381;(ii)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:265,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:287,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:305,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:326,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:354,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:382;(jj)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:266,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:287,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:326,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:355,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:383;(kk)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:267,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:285,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:327,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:356,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:369;(ll)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:268,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:328,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:357,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:383;(mm)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:269,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:288,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:304,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:329,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:358,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:384;(nn)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:270,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:330,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:359,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:385;(oo)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:271,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:289,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:307,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:331,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:360,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:385;(pp)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:261,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:285,和CDR3为SEQID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:332,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:361,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:386;(qq)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:272,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:289,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:307,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:331,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:362,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:385;(rr)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:266,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:287,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:326,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:355,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:383;(ss)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:270,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:330,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:359,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:285;(tt)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:270,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:392,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:363,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:387;(uu)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:273,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:308,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:333,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:364,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:388;(vv)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:274,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:290,和CDR3为SEQID NO:309,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:334,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:365,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:389;(ww)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:275,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:291,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:310,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:335,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:366,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:390;和(xx)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:258,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:292,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:311,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:336,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:367,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:391。
在本发明的另一实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子包含SEQ ID NO:82-97中任一序列的轻链可变区,和SEQ ID NO:100-115中任一序列的重链可变区。在优选实施方案中,本发明提供具有轻链可变区和重链可变区SEQ ID NO:82/101,88/101,94/112或93/114组合的单克隆抗体。
在本发明的附加技术方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子中和全部三种形式的人BAFF,所述形式包括膜结合型(mbBAFF),可溶性三聚BAFF,和可溶性60-mer BAFF。特别是,本发明的抗BAFF抗体分子中和人可溶性60-mer BAFF。此外,本发明的抗BAFF抗体分子中和人可溶性三聚BAFF。最后,本发明的抗BAFF抗体分子中和人膜结合型BAFF。
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含:人源化轻链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:76,16和17,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:82的可变域轻链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区;以及人源化重链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:37,38和39,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:101的可变域重链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区。在一个实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子为人源化单克隆抗体。
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含:人源化轻链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:15,16和17,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:88的可变域轻链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区;以及人源化重链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:37,38和39,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:101的可变域重链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区。在一个实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子为人源化单克隆抗体。
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含:人源化轻链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:5,8和9,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:94的可变域轻链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区;以及人源化重链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:81,29和30,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:112的可变域重链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区。在一个实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子为人源化单克隆抗体。
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含:人源化轻链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:5,8和9,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:93的可变域轻链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区;以及人源化重链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:81,29和30,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:114的可变域重链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区。在一个实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子为人源化单克隆抗体。
又在另一实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子为单克隆抗体或人源化单克隆抗体。
本发明也提供药物组合物,其包含本文所述的抗BAFF抗体分子和药学上可接受的载体。
本发明还提供治疗患有与BAFF相关的病症的受试者的方法,其包括向所述受试者给予抗BAFF抗体分子,或包含抗BAFF抗体分子和药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物,该抗BAFF抗体分子结合至人BAFF。
本发明特别提供了治疗炎性疾病、自身免疫疾病、呼吸系统疾病、代谢性病症或癌症的方法,其包括向有此需要的受试者给予有效量的抗BAFF抗体分子,或包含抗BAFF抗体分子和药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。特别是,所治疗的疾病可为系统性红斑狼疮、狼疮肾炎或类风湿性关节炎。
本发明还提供了抑制BAFF结合至哺乳动物细胞上一或多种BAFF受体的方法,其中所述BAFF受体为BAFF-R(BR3),TACI(跨膜激活剂和钙调节剂和亲环素配体相互作用分子)和/或BCMA(B-细胞成熟抗原),该方法包括向所述细胞给予抗BAFF抗体分子,由此抑制BAFF受体介导的信号传导。
另一实施方案涵盖编码本文所述的轻链可变区,重链可变区,轻链区或重链区的DNA分子。
在一个实施方案中,分离的多核苷酸包含编码以下的序列:SEQ ID NO:82-97中任一序列的轻链可变区,或SEQ ID NO:100-115中任一序列的重链可变区。在另一实施方案中,所述分离的多核苷酸包含的轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:234且所述重链可变区为SEQ IDNO:396,轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:393且所述重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:396,轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:395且所述重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:397,或轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:394且所述重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:398。
另一实施方案涵盖包含DNA分子的表达载体。另一实施方案涵盖宿主细胞,其携带一或多种表达载体。在一个实施方案中,宿主为哺乳动物细胞。
另一实施方案涵盖制备抗体分子的方法,其包括用一或多种载体转染哺乳动物宿主细胞,培养所述宿主细胞和回收及纯化所述抗体分子。
本发明的另一方面涉及制备抗体分子的方法,其包括获得含有一或多种上述载体的哺乳动物宿主细胞,和培养所述宿主细胞。在一个实施方案中,该方法还包括回收和纯化所述抗体分子。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还提供上述抗体分子,用于医药。在一个实施方案中,所述用途为治疗炎性疾病、自身免疫疾病、呼吸系统疾病、代谢性病症或癌症。在一个实施方案中,所述用途为治疗系统性红斑狼疮、狼疮肾炎或类风湿性关节炎。在另一实施方案中,所述抗体分子用于制备治疗炎性疾病、自身免疫疾病、呼吸系统疾病、代谢性病症或癌症的药物,优选用于治疗系统性红斑狼疮、狼疮肾炎或类风湿性关节炎。又在另一实施方案中,本发明提供抑制BAFF结合至哺乳动物细胞(不在人体内)上一或多种BAFF受体,其中所述方法包括将所述哺乳动物细胞与本发明的抗体分子接触。
附图简述
图1:抗BAFF单克隆抗体针对sBAFF的效力:嵌合体HuIgG1KO对比亲本小鼠单克隆抗体。
图2:抗BAFF单克隆抗体对抗mbBAFF:嵌合体HuIgG1KO对比亲本小鼠单克隆抗体。
发明详述
本发明提供与BAFF,特别是人BAFF结合的抗体。本发明亦涉及人源化抗体。在具体实施方案中,这些人源化抗体的序列已基于某些前导小鼠抗体的序列得以鉴定。
本发明的前导小鼠抗体由小鼠杂交瘤产生。使用不同技术对小鼠进行免疫接种。例如,对人BAFF具有特异性的抗体可针对例如分离的BAFF蛋白和/或任何以上蛋白质的一部分(包括合成肽)的免疫原性抗原而产生。可使用本领域中已知的任何适合技术制备免疫原性抗原及产生单克隆抗体。
基于前导小鼠抗体对人BAFF的高亲和力对其进行选择。因此,在一个方面中,本发明提供一种以高亲和力与人BAFF结合的抗体。所选小鼠抗体经人源化以产生人源化抗体。本发明的人源化抗体以高亲和力与人BAFF结合。因此,在另一方面中,本发明提供一种以高亲和力与人BAFF结合的人源化抗体。
因此,在一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种KD小于100pM的抗BAFF抗体。在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种KD小于10pM的抗BAFF抗体。在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种KD小于1pM的抗BAFF抗体。
在另一方面中,本发明的人源化单克隆抗BAFF抗体具有有利的生物物理学性质,例如质量、稳定性或溶解性。
在一个方面中,抗BAFF抗体为人源化抗体。在一个方面中,抗BAFF抗体为单克隆抗体。在一个方面中,抗BAFF抗体为全长抗体。在一个方面中,抗BAFF抗体为人源化单克隆抗体,例如全长人源化单克隆抗体。
本发明的抗BAFF抗体识别特定表位或“BAFF抗原表位”。表位可通过本领域中已知的各种技术确定,例如X射线结晶学、氢/氘交换质谱(HXMS)、定点诱变、丙氨酸扫描诱变及肽筛选方法。
定义
抗体或免疫球蛋白的一般化结构为本领域技术人员所熟知。这些分子为通常约150,000道尔顿(dalton)的杂四聚糖蛋白,由两条相同轻(L)链及两条相同重(H)链构成且通常称为全长抗体。各轻链由一个二硫键与重链共价连接以形成杂二聚体,且杂四聚分子经由杂二聚体的两条相同重链之间的共价二硫键形成。尽管轻链与重链由一个二硫键连接在一起,但两条重链之间的二硫键数目随免疫球蛋白同种型而变化。各重链及轻链亦具有规则间隔的链内二硫桥。各重链在氨基端具有可变域(VH),随后为三个或四个恒定域(CH1、CH2、CH3及CH4)以及介于CH1与CH2之间的铰链区。各轻链具有两个域,即氨基端可变域(VL)及羧基端恒定域(CL)。VL域与VH域非共价缔合,而CL域通常经由二硫键与CH1域共价连接。据信特定氨基酸残基在轻链与重链可变域之间形成界面(Chothia等人,1985,J.Mol.Biol.186:651-663)。可变域在本文中亦称为可变区。
可变域内的某些域在不同抗体之间颇为不同,亦即为“高变的”。这些高变域含有直接参与各特定抗体对其特定抗原决定簇的结合及特异性中的残基。轻链与重链可变域两者的高变性集中在称为互补决定区(CDR)或高变环(HVL)的三个区段中。CDR通过Kabat等人,1991,Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest,第5版,Public HealthService,National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,Md.中的序列比较确定,而HVL(在本文中亦称为CDR)根据可变域的三维结构确定结构,如由Chothia及Lesk,1987,J.Mol.Biol.196:901-917所述。此两种方法会导致对CDR的鉴定略有不同。如由Kabat所确定,CDR-L1位于轻链可变域中的约残基24-34处,CDR-L2位于约残基50-56处,且CDR-L3位于约残基89-97处;CDR-H1位于重链可变域中的约残基31-35处,CDR-H2位于约残基50-65处,且CDR-H3位于约残基95-102处。涵盖特定CDR的精确残基数目将视CDR的序列及尺寸而变化。本领域技术人员可鉴于抗体的可变区氨基酸序列按常规确定哪些残基构成特定CDR。因此,重链及轻链的CDR1、CDR2、CDR3限定了给定抗体所特有的独特功能性质。
每一重链及轻链内的三个CDR由框架区(FR)间隔开来,框架区含有可变性通常较低的序列。自重链及轻链可变域的氨基末端至羧基末端,FR及CDR以以下顺序排列:FR1、CDR1、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3及FR4。FR的较大β-折叠构型使每一链内的CDR彼此紧邻且与另一链中的CDR紧邻。所得构象有助于抗原结合位点(参见Kabat等人,1991,NIH Publ.第91-3242号,第I卷,第647-669页),但并非所有CDR残基皆必须直接参与抗原结合。
FR残基及Ig恒定域并不直接参与抗原结合,但有助于抗原结合和/或介导抗体效应子功能。人们认为,一些FR残基以至少三种方式对抗原结合产生显著效应:直接与表位非共价结合,与一或多个CDR残基相互作用,及影响重链及轻链之间的界面。恒定域并不直接参与抗原结合,但介导各种Ig效应子功能,例如介导抗体参与抗体依赖性细胞毒性(ADCC)、抗体依赖性细胞吞噬作用(ADCP)及补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)。
可基于恒定域的氨基酸序列将脊椎动物免疫球蛋白的轻链分配至两个显著不同的种类(κ及λ)中的一类。通过比较,根据恒定域的序列将哺乳动物免疫球蛋白的重链分为以下五个主要类别:IgA、IgD、IgE、IgG及IgM。将IgG及IgA进一步分为亚类(同种型),例如IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1及IgA2。对应于不同免疫球蛋白种类的重链恒定域分别称作α、δ、ε、γ及μ。各天然免疫球蛋白种类的亚单元结构及三维构型为人所熟知。
术语“抗体”、“抗BAFF抗体”、“抗BAFF抗体分子”、“人源化抗BAFF抗体”、“人源化抗BAFF表位抗体”及“变体人源化抗BAFF表位抗体”具体涵盖单克隆抗体(包括全长单克隆抗体)、多克隆抗体、多特异性抗体及表达期望生物学活性(例如BAFF结合)的抗体片段(例如可变域及抗体的其他部分)。术语“单克隆抗体”(mAb)是指具有高度特异性,即针对单一抗原决定簇(即“表位”)具有高度特异性。因此,修饰词“单克隆”指示针对相同表位的抗体,且不应理解为需要通过任何特定方法来产生该抗体。应理解,单克隆抗体可通过本领域已知的任何技术或方法来制备;包括(例如)杂交瘤方法(Kohler等人,1975,Nature 256:495),或本领域已知的重组DNA方法(例如,参见美国专利第4,816,567号),或使用噬菌体抗体文库通过以下文献中所述技术分离以重组方式产生的单克隆抗体的方法:Clackson等人,1991,Nature352:624-628;及Marks等人,1991,J.Mol.Biol.222:581-597。
术语“单体”是指抗体的均质形式。例如,对于全长抗体,单体是指具有两条相同重链及两条相同轻链的单体抗体。
嵌合抗体为由来自一个物种(例如,非人哺乳动物,例如小鼠)的抗体重链及轻链可变区及另一物种(例如,人)抗体的重链及轻链恒定区组成,且可通过以下方式来获得:连接来自第一物种(例如,小鼠)的编码抗体可变区的DNA序列与来自第二物种(例如人)的编码抗体恒定区的DNA序列,并用含有所述经连接序列的表达载体转化宿主,从而使其可产生嵌合抗体。或者,嵌合抗体中,重链和/或轻链中的一或多个区域或域亦可与来自另一免疫球蛋白种类或同种型的单克隆抗体中的对应序列相同、同源或为其变体、或来自共有序列或种系序列。嵌合抗体可包括所述抗体的片段,条件是抗体片段表达出其亲代抗体的期望生物学活性,例如与相同表位结合(例如,参见美国专利第4,816,567号;及Morrison等人,1984,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 81:6851-6855)。
术语“抗体片段”、“抗BAFF抗体片段”、“抗BAFF抗体分子”、“抗BAFF表位抗体片段”、“人源化抗BAFF抗体片段”、“人源化抗BAFF表位抗体片段”、“变体人源化抗BAFF表位抗体片段”是指全长抗BAFF抗体的一部分,其中保留可变区或功能能力,例如特异性BAFF表位结合。抗体片段的实例包括(但不限于)Fab、Fab'、F(ab')2、Fd、Fv、scFv及scFv-Fc片段、双抗体(diabody)、线性抗体、单链抗体、微抗体(minibody)、自抗体片段形成的双抗体及自抗体片段形成的多特异性抗体。
可用例如木瓜蛋白酶或胃蛋白酶等酶处理全长抗体以生成可用抗体片段。使用木瓜蛋白酶消化来产生两个相同的称作“Fab”片段的抗原结合抗体片段(各自具有单一抗原结合位点)及残留的“Fc”片段。Fab片段亦含有轻链恒定域及重链CH1域。胃蛋白酶处理产生F(ab')2片段,其具有两个抗原结合位点且仍能交联抗原。
Fab'片段与Fab片段的不同之处在于在CH1域的C末端存在额外残基,包括一或多个来自抗体铰链区的半胱氨酸。F(ab')2抗体片段为通过铰链区中的半胱氨酸残基连接的Fab'片段对。亦已知抗体片段的其他化学偶联。
“Fv”片段含有完整抗原识别及结合位点,该位点为由一个重链可变域与一个轻链可变域呈紧密非共价连接的二聚体组成。在此构型中,每一可变域的三个CDR相互作用,从而在该VH-VL二聚体的表面上界定抗原结合位点。该六个CDR共同赋予该抗体抗原结合特异性。
“单链Fv”或“scFv”抗体片段为包含抗体VH及VL域的单链Fv变体,其中所述域存在于单一多肽链中。单链Fv能识别并结合抗原。scFv多肽亦可任选含有位于VH域与VL域之间的多肽接头,以促进scFv形成用于抗原结合的期望三维结构(例如,参见Pluckthun,1994,InThe Pharmacology of monoclonal Antibodies,第113卷,Rosenburg及Moore编辑,Springer-Verlag,New York,第269-315页)。
“双抗体(diabody)”是指具有两个抗原结合位点的小抗体片段,所述片段包含在同一多肽链中连接的重链可变域(VH)与轻链可变域(VL)(VH-VL或VL-VH)。双抗体更充分描述于例如Holliger等人,(1993)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 90:6444-6448中。
其他已知的抗体片段包括那些包含一对串联的Fd区段(VH-CH1-VH-CH1)以形成一对抗原结合区的抗体片段。所述“线性抗体”可为双特异性或单特异性,如(例如)Zapata等人,1995,Protein Eng.8(10):1057-1062中所述。
“人源化抗体”或“人源化抗体片段”为特定类型的嵌合抗体,其包括免疫球蛋白氨基酸序列变体或其片段,其能结合预定抗原,且其包含一或多个基本上具有人免疫球蛋白氨基酸序列的FR及一或多个基本上具有非人免疫球蛋白氨基酸序列的CDR。此非人氨基酸序列通常称作“输入”序列,通常取自“输入”抗体域,尤其是可变域。通常,人源化抗体至少包括非人抗体的CDR或HVL,插入人重链或轻链可变域的FR之间。本发明阐述特定人源化抗BAFF抗体,其含有插入人种系序列重链及轻链可变域的FR之间的表3及4所示源自鼠类单克隆抗体的CDR或人源化CDR。应理解,某些鼠类FR残基可能对人源化抗体的功能重要,且因此将修饰某些人种系序列重链及轻链可变域残基,以与对应鼠类序列中的那些相同。
在另一方面中,人源化抗BAFF抗体基本上包含所有至少一个(通常两个)可变域(例如含于例如Fab、Fab'、F(ab')2、Fabc及Fv片段中者),其中所有或基本上所有CDR对应于非人免疫球蛋白的CDR,且在本文中特别是所有CDR为本文下表1至4中所详述的鼠类序列或人源化序列,且所有或基本上所有FR为人免疫球蛋白共有序列或种系序列的FR。在另一方面中,人源化抗BAFF抗体亦包括免疫球蛋白(通常为人免疫球蛋白)Fc区的至少一部分。通常,抗体含有轻链以及至少重链可变域二者。若适宜,抗体亦可包括重链CH1、铰链、CH2、CH3和/或CH4区中的一或多种。
人源化抗BAFF抗体可选自任一种类免疫球蛋白(包括IgM、IgG、IgD、IgA及IgE)及任一同种型(包括IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1及IgA2)。例如,恒定域可为补体固定的恒定域,其中期望人源化抗体表达细胞毒性活性,且同种型通常为IgG1。倘若不期望该细胞毒性活性,则恒定域可为另一同种型,例如IgG2。替代性人源化抗BAFF抗体可包含来自不止一种免疫球蛋白种类或同种型的序列,且本领域技术人员可熟练选择特定恒定域来优化所期望的效应子功能。在具体实施方案中,本发明所提供抗体为IgG1抗体,且更具体而言为剔除效应子功能的IgG1抗体。
人源化抗BAFF抗体的FR及CDR或HVL不需要与亲代序列精确对应。例如,可通过取代、插入或缺失来改变(例如,诱变处理)输入CDR或HVL或共有FR或种系FR序列中的一或多个残基,从而使得所得氨基酸残基与任一亲代序列中对应位置的原始残基不再相同,但抗体仍保留与BAFF结合的功能。该改变通常可并非广泛改变且可为保守改变。通常,至少75%人源化抗体残基可与亲代共有FR或种系FR及输入CDR序列中的那些残基对应,更通常有至少90%、且最通常有超过95%或超过98%或超过99%的残基对应。
影响重链与轻链可变区之间的界面(“VL-VH界面”)的免疫球蛋白残基为那些影响两条链相对于彼此接近或定向的残基。某些可能参与链间相互作用的残基包括VL残基34、36、38、44、46、87、89、91、96及98以及VH残基35、37、39、45、47、91、93、95、100及103(采用Kabat等人,Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest(National Institutesof Health,Bethesda,Md.,1987)中所述的编号系统)。美国专利第6,407,213号亦论述,例如VL残基43及85以及VH残基43及60等残基亦可能参与此相互作用。尽管仅针对人IgG阐述所述残基,但其亦适用于其他物种。选择合理地预期参与链间相互作用的重要抗体残基用于共有序列中的取代。
术语“共有序列”及“共有抗体”是指在任一特定种类、同种型或亚单元结构的所有免疫球蛋白(例如人免疫球蛋白可变域)中的每一位置包含最常出现的氨基酸残基的氨基酸序列。共有序列可基于特定物种或多个物种的免疫球蛋白。“共有”序列、结构或抗体可理解为涵盖某些实施方案中所述的共有人序列,且是指在任一特定种类、同种型或亚单元结构的所有人免疫球蛋白中的每一位置包含最常出现的氨基酸残基的氨基酸序列。因此,共有序列所含有的氨基酸序列在每一位置具有存在于一或多种已知免疫球蛋白中的氨基酸,但其可能并不精确复制任一单一免疫球蛋白的整个氨基酸序列。可变区共有序列并非自任何天然产生的抗体或免疫球蛋白及其变体均可获得(Kabat等人,1991,Sequences ofProteins of Immunological Interest,第5版,Public Health Service,NationalInstitutes of Health,Bethesda,Md.)。重链及轻链共有序列及其变体的FR为人源化抗BAFF抗体的制备提供可用序列。例如,参见美国专利第6,037,454号及第6,054,297号。
人种系序列天然存在于人种群中。所述种系基因的组合产生抗体多样性。抗体轻链的种系抗体序列来自保守人种系κ或λv-基因及j-基因。类似地,重链序列来自种系v-、d-及j-基因(LeFranc,M-P及LeFranc,G,“The免疫球蛋白Facts Book”Academic Press,2001)。
如本文所用,“变体”、“抗BAFF变体”、“人源化抗BAFF变体”或“变体人源化抗BAFF”各自是指至少具有来自如表1中所示的任何序列的轻链可变鼠类CDR序列、或至少具有如表2中所示的源于鼠类单克隆抗体的重链鼠类CDR序列的人源化抗BAFF抗体。变体包括在一或两个轻链或重链可变域中具有一或多个氨基酸变化的变体,其限制条件为氨基酸变化不会实质上损害抗体与BAFF的结合。
“分离的”抗体为已经鉴定且已自其天然环境组分中分离和/或回收的抗体。抗体天然环境中的污染物组分为那些可干扰抗体的诊断性或治疗性应用的物质,且可为酶、激素或其他蛋白性或非蛋白性溶质。在一个方面中,可将抗体纯化至以抗体重量计分离度至少大于95%。
由于抗体天然环境中的至少一种组分不会存在,故分离的抗体包括产生其的重组细胞内的原位抗体。然而,分离的抗体通常可通过至少一个纯化步骤来制备,其中移除了重组细胞物质。
“抗体分子”是指上述抗体或抗原其结合片段中的任一定义。
术语“抗体性能”是指有助于抗体识别抗原或者抗体活体内效力的因素。抗体氨基酸序列的变化可影响例如折叠等抗体特性,且可影响例如以下的物理因素:抗体与抗原结合的初始速率(ka)、抗体与抗原的解离常数(kd)、抗体对抗原的亲和常数(Kd)、抗体构象、蛋白稳定性及抗体半衰期。
术语“中和”一般指通过抑制生物活性使失活。术语“抑制”一般指分子不能行使其功能的状况。在化学或生物中,术语“抑制”指限制、防止或阻断作用或功能,即抑制酶,或抑制化学反应。IC50表示药物体外抑制50%时所需的浓度,且IC90表示药物体外抑制90%时所需的浓度。
本文所用术语“带表位标签的”是指抗BAFF抗体与“表位标签”融合。“表位标签”为具有足量氨基酸以为抗体产生提供表位的多肽,且其经设计以使得其不干扰人源化抗BAFF抗体的期望活性。表位标签通常具有充分独特性以使得针对该表位标签产生的抗体基本上不会与其他表位交叉反应。适宜的标签多肽一般含有至少6个氨基酸残基且通常含有约8至50个氨基酸残基或约9至30个残基。表位标签及结合表位的抗体的实例包括流感HA标签多肽及其抗体12CA5(Field等人,1988Mol.Cell.Biol.8:2159-2165);c-myc标签及其8F9、3C7、6E10、G4、B7及9E10抗体(Evan等人,1985,Mol.Cell.Biol.5(12):3610-3616);及单纯疱疹病毒糖蛋白D(gD)标签及其抗体(Paborsky等人,1990,Protein Engineering 3(6):547-553)。在某些实施方案中,表位标签为“补救受体结合表位”。本文所用术语“补救受体结合表位(salvage receptor binding epitope)”是指IgG分子(例如IgG1、IgG2、IgG3或IgG4)Fc区中的表位,其负责延长IgG分子的活体内血清半衰期。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的抗体可与细胞毒性剂缀合。细胞毒性剂为抑制或阻止细胞机能和/或引起细胞破坏的任何物质。该术语意欲包括放射性同位素(例如I131、I125、Y90及Re186)、化学治疗药物及毒素(例如细菌、真菌、植物或动物源酶活性毒素)及其片段。所述细胞毒性剂可通过标准操作与本发明的人源化抗体偶联,且其可用于(例如)治疗适用抗体疗法的患者。
“化学治疗药物”为可用于治疗癌症的化学化合物。化学治疗药物有多种实例可与本发明治疗性抗体缀合。所述化学治疗药物的实例包括烷化剂,例如噻替哌(thiotepa)及环磷酰胺;磺酸烷基酯,例如白消安(busulfan)、英丙舒凡(improsulfan)及哌泊舒凡(piposulfan);氮丙啶,例如苯并多巴(benzodopa)、卡波醌(carboquone)、meturedopa及uredopa;亚乙基亚胺及甲基密胺,包括六甲密胺(altretamine)、三亚乙基密胺、三亚乙基磷酰胺、三亚乙基硫化磷酰胺及三羟甲基密胺;番荔枝内酯(acetogenin)(尤其为布拉他辛(bullatacin)及布拉他辛酮(bullatacinone));喜树碱(camptothecin)(包括合成类似物托泊替康(topotecan));苔藓抑制素(bryostatin);callystatin;CC-1065(包括其合成类似物阿多来新(adozelesin)、卡折来新(carzelesin)及比折来新(bizelesin));cryptophycin(尤其为cryptophycin 1及cryptophycin 8);多拉司他汀(dolastatin);auristatin(包括类似物单甲基-auristatin E及单甲基-auristatin F);多卡米星(duocarmycin)(包括合成类似物KW-2189及CBI-TMI);艾榴素(eleutherobin);pancratistatin;sarcodictyin;spongistatin;氮芥类,例如苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、萘氮芥(chlornaphazine)、氯磷酰胺(chlorophosphamide)、雌莫司汀(estramustine)、异磷酰胺(ifosfamide)、双氯乙基甲胺(mechlorethamine)、盐酸氧氮芥(mechlorethamineoxide hydrochloride)、美法仑(melphalan)、新氮芥(novembichin)、苯芥胆甾醇(phenesterine)、泼尼莫司汀(prednimustine)、曲磷胺(trofosfamide)和乌拉莫司汀(uracil mustard);硝基脲类,例如卡莫司汀(carmustine)、氯脲菌素(chlorozotocin)、福莫司汀(fotemustine)、洛莫司汀(lomustine)、尼莫斯汀(nimustine)和雷莫司汀(ranimnustine);抗生素,例如烯二炔(enediyne)抗生素(例如刺孢霉素(calicheamicin),尤其是刺孢霉素γ1I和刺孢霉素参见例如Angew Chem.Intl.Ed.Engl.(1994)33:183-186);dynemicin,包括dynemicin A;二膦酸盐,例如氯膦酸盐(clodronate);埃斯培拉霉素(esperamicin);新抑癌蛋白生色团(neocarzinostatin chromophore)和相关色蛋白烯二炔抗生素生色团(related chromoprotein enediyne antibiotic chromophore)、aclacinomysin类、放线菌素(actinomycin)、authramycin、偶氮丝氨酸(azaserine)、博来霉素(bleomycin)、放线菌素C(cactinomycin)、carabicin、洋红霉素(carminomycin)、嗜癌霉素(carzinophilin)、色霉素(chromomycin)、放线菌素D(dactinomycin)、柔红霉素(daunorubicin)、地托比星(detorubicin)、6-重氮基-5-氧代-L-正亮氨酸(6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine)、多柔比星(AdriamycinTM)(包括吗啉代-多柔比星(morpholino-doxorubicin)、氰基吗啉代-多柔比星(cyanomorpholino-doxorubicin)、2-吡咯啉子基-多柔比星(2-pyrrolino-doxorubicin)、去氧多柔比星(deoxydoxorubicin))、表柔比星(epirubicin)、依索比星(esorubicin)、伊达比星(idarubicin)、麻西罗霉素(marcellomycin)、丝裂霉素(mitomycin)类例如丝裂霉素C(mitomycin C)、麦考酚酸(mycophenolic acid)、诺拉霉素(nogalamycin)、橄榄霉素(olivomycin)、培洛霉素(peplomycin)、泊非霉素(porfiromycin)、嘌罗霉素(puromycin)、三铁阿霉素(quelamycin)、罗多比星(rodorubicin)、链黑霉素(streptonigrin)、链佐星(streptozocin)、杀结核菌素(tubercidin)、乌苯美司(ubenimex)、新制癌菌素(zinostatin)和佐柔比星(zorubicin);抗代谢物,例如甲氨喋呤(methotrexate)和5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil)(5-FU);叶酸类似物,例如二甲叶酸(denopterin)、甲氨喋呤、喋罗呤(pteropterin)和三甲曲沙(trimetrexate);嘌呤类似物,例如氟达拉滨(fludarabine)、6-巯嘌呤(6-mercaptopurine)、硫咪嘌呤(thiamiprine)和硫鸟嘌呤(thioguanine);嘧啶类似物,例如安西他滨(ancitabine)、阿扎胞苷(azacitidine)、6-氮杂尿苷(6-azauridine)、卡莫氟(carmofur)、阿糖胞苷(cytarabine)、二脱氧尿苷(dideoxyuridine)、去氧氟尿苷(doxifluridine)、伊诺他滨(enocitabine)和氟尿苷(floxuridine);雄激素,例如卡普睾酮(calusterone)、丙酸甲雄烷酮(dromostanolone propionate)、环硫雄醇(epitiostanol)、美雄烷(mepitiostane)和睾内酯(testolactone);抗肾上腺素药(anti-adrenal),例如氨鲁米特(aminoglutethimide)、米托坦(mitotane)和曲洛司坦(trilostane);叶酸补充剂,例如亚叶酸(frolinic acid);醋葡醛内酯(aceglatone);醛磷酰胺糖苷(aldophosphamide glycoside);氨基乙酰丙酸(aminolevulinic acid);恩尿嘧啶(eniluracil);安吖啶(amsacrine);bestrabucil;比生群(bisantrene);伊达曲杀(edatraxate);地磷酰胺(defofamine);秋水仙胺(demecolcine);地吖醌(diaziquone);elfornithine;依利醋铵(elliptinium acetate);埃坡霉素(epothilone);依托格鲁(etoglucid);硝酸镓(gallium nitrate);羟基脲(hydroxyurea);香菇多糖(lentinan);氯尼达明(lonidainine);美登醇(maytansinoid)类,例如美登素(maytansine)和安丝菌素(ansamitocin);米托胍腙(mitoguazone);米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone);mopidanmol;根瘤菌剂(nitraerine);喷司他丁(pentostatin);蛋氨氮芥(phenamet);吡柔比星(pirarubicin);洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone);鬼臼酸(podophyllinic acid);2-乙基肼(2-ethylhydrazide);丙卡巴肼(procarbazine);雷佐生(razoxane);根霉素(rhizoxin);西佐喃(sizofiran);锗螺胺(spirogermanium);细交链孢菌酮酸(tenuazonicacid);三亚胺醌(triaziquone);2,2’,2”-三氯三乙胺(2,2’,2”-trichlorotriethylamine);单端孢霉烯(trichothecene)(尤其是T-2毒素、verracurin A、杆孢菌素A(roridin A)和anguidine);乌拉坦(urethan);长春地辛(vindesine);达卡巴嗪(dacarbazine);甘露莫司汀(mannomustine);二溴甘露醇(mitobronitol);二溴卫矛醇(mitolactol);溴丙哌嗪(pipobroman);gacytosine;阿糖胞苷(arabinoside)(“Ara-C”);环磷酰胺;塞替派;紫杉烷(taxoid),例如紫杉醇(paclitaxel)(Bristol-MyersSquibb Oncology,Princeton,N.J.)及多西紫杉醇(doxetaxel)(Rhone-Poulenc Rorer,Antony,France);苯丁酸氮芥;吉西他滨(gemcitabine)(GemzarTM);6-硫鸟嘌呤;巯基嘌呤;甲氨喋呤;铂类似物,例如顺铂(cisplatin)及卡铂(carboplatin);长春碱(vinblastine);铂;依托泊苷(etoposide)(VP-16);异磷酰胺;米托蒽醌;长春新碱(vincristine);长春瑞滨(vinorelbine)(NavelbineTM);诺安托(novantrone);替尼泊苷(teniposide);依达曲沙(edatrexate);柔红霉素(daunomycin);氨蝶呤(aminopterin);希罗达(xeloda);伊班膦酸盐(ibandronate);CPT-11;拓扑异构酶抑制剂RFS 2000;二氟甲基鸟氨酸(DMFO);类视色素,例如视黄酸;卡培他滨(capecitabine);及上述药物中任一种药物的药学上可接受的盐、酸或衍生物。此定义中亦包括用于调节或抑制激素对肿瘤的作用的抗激素剂,例如抗雌激素及选择性雌激素受体调节剂(SERM),包括(例如)他莫昔芬(tamoxifen)(包括NolvadexTM)、雷洛昔芬(raloxifene)、屈洛昔芬(droloxifene)、4-羟基他莫昔芬、曲沃昔芬(trioxifene)、keoxifene、LY117018、奥那司酮(onapristone)及托瑞米芬(toremifene)(FarestonTM);抑制芳香酶的芳香酶抑制剂,其调节肾上腺中雌激素的产生,例如4(5)-咪唑、胺鲁米特、乙酸甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate)(MegaceTM)、依西美坦(exemestane)、福美坦(formestane)、法倔唑(fadrozole)、伏氯唑(vorozole)(RivisorTM)、来曲唑(letrozole)(FemaraTM)及阿那曲唑(anastrozole)(ArimidexTM);及抗雄激素,例如氟他胺(flutamide)、尼鲁米特(nilutamide)、比卡鲁胺(bicalutamide)、亮丙瑞林(leuprolide)及戈舍瑞林(goserelin);及上述药物中任一种药物的药学上可接受的盐、酸或衍生物。所述药物中的任何一或多者可与本发明的人源化抗体缀合以提供可用于治疗各种病症的治疗药物。
亦可使抗体与前药缀合。“前药”为药物活性物质的前体或衍生物形式,其与母体药物相比对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性较小,且能酶促活化或转化为活性更强的形式。例如,参见Wilman,1986,“Prodrugs in Cancer Chemotherapy”,Biochemical SocietyTransactions,14,第375-382页,615th Meeting Belfast;及Stella等人,1985,“Prodrugs:A Chemical Approach to Targeted Drug Delivery”,Directed DrugDelivery,Borchardt等人(编辑),第247-267页,Humana Press。可用的前药包括(但不限于)含有磷酸根的前药、含有硫代磷酸根的前药、含有硫酸根的前药、含有肽的前药、经D-氨基酸修饰的前药、糖基化前药、含有β-内酰胺的前药、含有任选经取代的苯氧基乙酰胺的前药及含有任选经取代的苯基乙酰胺的前药、5-氟胞嘧啶前药及其他5-氟尿苷前药,其可转化成具有更高活性的无细胞毒性药物。可衍生为前药形式的细胞毒性药物的实例包括(但不限于)那些上文所述的化学治疗药物。
出于诊断性以及治疗性监测目的,亦可使本发明的抗体与标记(单独的标记或者标记与另外的第二药物(前药、化学治疗药物等))缀合。标记与其他第二药物不同,其是指可检测的化合物或组合物药物,且其可与本发明的人源化抗体直接或间接缀合。标记本身可被可检测(例如,放射性同位素标记或荧光标记),或在酶标记情况下,标记可催化底物化合物或组合物发生可检测的化学变化。可制备经标记人源化抗BAFF抗体并用于各种应用中,包括活体外及活体内诊断学。
可将本发明的抗体调配为脂质体制剂的一部分以实现其活体内递送。“脂质体”为由各种类型的脂质、磷脂和/或表面活性剂组成的小囊泡。脂质体可用于向哺乳动物递送化合物或调配物,例如本文所公开的人源化抗BAFF抗体,该抗体任选与一或多种药物活性药物和/或标记偶联或组合。脂质体的组分通常以双层结构排列,此与生物膜的脂质排列类似。
本发明某些方面涉及分离的核酸,其编码本发明的人源化抗体的一或多个域。“分离的”核酸分子为自至少一种污染物核酸分子鉴定并分离的核酸分子,其在抗体核酸的天然来源中通常与该污染物核酸分子相结合。分离的核酸分子与存在于天然细胞中的核酸分子不同。
在本发明各方面中,重组表达人源化抗体的一或多个域。该重组表达可采用一或多种控制序列,即在特定宿主有机体中表达可操作连接的编码序列所需的聚核苷酸序列。适用于原核细胞中的控制序列包括(例如)启动子、操纵子及核糖体结合位点序列。真核控制序列包括(但不限于)启动子、聚腺苷酸化信号及增强子。所述控制序列可用于在原核及真核宿主细胞中表达及产生人源化抗BAFF抗体。
在使核酸序列与另一核酸序列具有功能性联系时,该核酸序列经“可操作连接”。例如,若前序列或分泌前导序列表达为参与多肽分泌的前蛋白,则该前序列或分泌前导序列与编码该多肽的核酸可操作连接;若启动子或增强子影响该序列的转录,则该启动子或增强子与该序列可操作连接;或若核糖体结合位点的定位可促进翻译,则该核糖体结合位点与该编码序列可操作连接。通常,“可操作连接”意指所连接DNA序列为连续序列,且在分泌前导序列情形下为连续序列且位于阅读框内。然而,增强子任选是连续的。可通过在便捷的限制位点处接合来完成连接。若不存在所述位点,则可使用合成寡核苷酸衔接子或接头。
本文所用术语“细胞”、“细胞系”及“细胞培养物”可互换使用,且所有所述名称皆包括其子代。因此,“转化体”及“转化细胞”包括原代个体细胞及其衍生的培养物而不考虑转移次数。
用于治疗目的的术语“哺乳动物”是指任何归类为哺乳动物的动物,包括人、家畜及农场动物,以及动物园动物、运动用动物或宠物,例如狗、马、猫、牛等。优选地,哺乳动物为人。
本文所用“病症”为可受益于使用本文所述人源化抗BAFF抗体治疗的任何病况。该术语包括慢性及急性病症或疾病,包括那些使哺乳动物易患所述病症的病理学病况。本文欲治疗的非限制性实例或病症包括炎性、血管生成性、自身免疫性及免疫性病症、呼吸系统病症、癌症、血液恶性肿瘤、良性及恶性肿瘤、白血病及淋巴恶性肿瘤。
术语“癌症”及“癌性”是指或描述哺乳动物中特征通常在于细胞生长失调的生理学病况。癌症的实例包括(但不限于)癌瘤、淋巴瘤、母细胞瘤、肉瘤及白血病。
如本文所用,术语“与BAFF相关的病症”或“与BAFF相关的疾病”是指由BAFF活性促成、且BAFF通常异常表达的病状。与BAFF相关的病症包括免疫系统疾病及病症,例如自身免疫病症及炎症病症。所述病况包括(但不限于)类风湿性关节炎(RA)、全身性红斑狼疮(SLE)、硬皮症、斯耶格伦氏综合征(Sjogren’s syndrome)、多发性硬化、银屑病、银屑病关节炎、炎性肠病(例如,溃疡性结肠炎及克罗恩氏病)、肺炎症、哮喘、特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)和强直性脊椎炎。
术语“静脉内输注”是指在动物或人患者静脉中经大于约15分钟、一般介于约30至90分钟之间的一段时间引入药物。
术语“静脉内推注”或“静脉内推射”是指将药物给予至动物或人的静脉中,从而使机体在约15分钟或更短、一般5分钟或更短时间内接受药物。
术语“皮下给予”是指在动物或人患者的皮肤下、优选在皮肤与基底组织之间的囊内通过自药物贮器相对缓慢的持续递送来引入药物。将皮肤向上捏离或拉离基底组织可产生囊。
术语“皮下输注”是指在动物或人患者的皮肤下、优选在皮肤与基底组织之间的囊内经一段时间(包括(但不限于)30分钟或更短、或90分钟或更短)通过自药物贮器相对缓慢的持续递送来引入药物。任选地,输注可通过皮下植入药物递送泵(植入动物或人患者的皮肤下)来实施,其中该泵经预定时间段(例如30分钟、90分钟或跨越整个治疗方案的时间段)递送预定量的药物。
术语“皮下推注”是指在动物或人患者的皮肤下给予药物,其中推注药物递送短于约15分钟;在另一方面中,短于5分钟;且在另一方面中,短于60秒。在另一方面中,在皮肤与基底组织之间的囊内给予,其中该囊可通过将皮肤向上捏离或拉离基底组织来产生。
所用术语“治疗有效量”是指活性药物可缓解或改善所治疗病症的一或多种症状的量。在另一方面中,治疗有效量是指已显示可有效(例如)减慢疾病进展的目标血清浓度。可取决于欲治疗病况以常用方式来测量功效。
本文所用“治疗”及“疗法”及类似术语意欲包括针对疾病或病症的治疗性以及预防性或抑制性措施,其产生任何临床上期望或有益的效应,包括(但不限于)减轻或缓解疾病或病症的一或多个症状、使疾病或病症消退、减慢或停止疾病或病症的进展。因此,例如,术语治疗包括在疾病或病症的症状发作之前或之后给予药物,由此预防或消除疾病或病症的一或多个体征。作为另一实例,该术语包括在疾病的临床表达后给予药物,从而抵抗该疾病的症状。此外,在发作后及在已出现临床症状后给予药物包含本文所用“治疗”或“疗法”,其中不论该治疗是否引起疾病改善,给予皆影响疾病或病症的临床参数,例如组织损伤度或转移的量或程度。另外,只要单独或与另一治疗药物组合的本发明组合物与未使用人源化BAFF抗体组合物时相比减轻或改善所治疗病症的至少一个症状,不论是否减轻该病症的所有症状,该结果即应视为可有效治疗潜在病症。
所用术语“包装说明书”是指通常包括于治疗产品商业包装内的说明书,其含有关于使用所述治疗产品的适应症、用法、给予、禁忌症和/或警告的信息。
抗体
在一个方面,描述并公开了抗BAFF抗体。对于治疗人的自身免疫疾病而言尤为重要的是本文所述的人源化抗BAFF抗体和组合物。亦描述包括抗BAFF抗体,特别是人源化抗BAFF抗体的抗原结合片段的结合剂。人源化抗BAFF抗体及结合剂可抑制BAFF相关细胞因子的产生,与BAFF相关的细胞因子会促成慢性自身免疫及炎性疾病。因此,人源化抗BAFF抗体及结合剂可用于治疗多种疾病或病症。人源化抗BAFF抗体及BAFF结合剂各自包括特异性识别BAFF表位的至少一部分(亦即抗原结合片段)。
在初始表征时,基于BAFF受体结合特征选择小鼠抗体。
因此,在一个方面中,本发明的抗体对BAFF,特别是对人BAFF的KD小于100pM。在另一方面中,本发明的抗体的KD小于10pM。在另一方面中,本发明的抗体的KD小于1pM。
多种抗BAFF抗体轻链和重链CDR分别示于表3和表4。表3和表4也显示经人源化操作自1A4或5B9小鼠抗体衍生的五条轻链CDR和一条重链CDR。
表1:抗BAFF小鼠前导-Vκ序列
表2:抗BAFF小鼠前导-VH序列
表3:VκCDR序列
表4:VH CDR序列
上述表3和表4列举的CDR是使用Chothia编号系统(Al-Lazikani等人,JMB,273,927-948,(1997))或IGMT编号系统(Lefranc,M.-P.等人,Dev.Comp.Immunol.,27,55-77(2003))定义的。IgAligner IMGT算法是来自化学计算机集团(Chemical Computing Group(CCG))。
相比于嵌合亲本Fab显示较佳或同等结合的Fab,经选择用于转化成IgG。将6B8转化成IgG1KO形式。IgG1KO(剔除效应功能)在Fc区中具有两个突变Leu234Ala及Leu235Ala,其降低效应功能,例如FcγR及补体结合。IgG形式描述在文献中(参见例如Hezareh等人,(2001)Journal of Virology 75:12161-12168)。实施例2更详细描述人源化方法。此人源化的结果是产生人源化抗体序列。提供了源于小鼠抗体5B9和1A4的人源化轻链可变区及重链可变区的代表性编号,且示于表5及表6中。
表5:人源化5B9和1A4Vκ序列
表6:人源化5B9和1A4VH序列
人源化抗BAFF抗体任选在共有或种系框架区中包括特定氨基酸取代。相比于通过将CDR或HVL“直接交换(direct swap)”至人种系框架区中所形成的人源化抗体所显示的抗体效能,前述框架位置中氨基酸残基的特定取代可改良抗体效能的多个方面(包括结合亲和力和/或稳定性)。
在一些实施方案中,本发明描述其他单克隆抗体,其轻链可变区具有下述氨基酸序列:SEQ ID NO:41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,119,121,123,125,127,129,131,133,135,137,139,141,143,145,147,149,151,153,155,157,159,161,163,165,167,169,171,173,175,177,179或181。在一些实施方案中,本发明描述其他单克隆抗体,其重链可变区具有下述氨基酸序列:SEQ ID NO:59,61,63,65,67,69,71,73,75,183,185,187,189,191,193,195,197,199,201,203,205,207,209,211,213,215,217,219,221,223,225,227,229,231,233,235,238,240,242,244,246或248(参见上述表1和表2)。这些小鼠抗体的CDR序列示于表3和表4。将此类CDR置于人类共有的重链和轻链可变域FR中间,将得到本发明的有用的人源化抗体。
特别是,本发明提供具有下述轻链可变区和重链可变区组合的单克隆抗体:SEQID NO:41/59,43/61,45/63,47/65,49/67,51/69,53/71,55/73,57/75,119/183,121/185,123/187,125/189,127/191,129/193,131/195,133/197,135/199,137/201,139/203,141/205,143/207,145/209,147/211,149/213,151/215,153/217,155/219,157/221,159/223,161/225,163/227,165/229,167/231,169/233,171/235,173/238,173/240,175/242,177/244,179/246或181/248。所述可变区可与人恒定区组合。
在一些实施方案中,本发明描述其他人源化抗体,其轻链可变区序列具有下述氨基酸序列:SEQ ID NO:82-97。在一些实施方案中,本发明描述其他人源化抗体,其重链可变区序列具有下述氨基酸序列:SEQ ID NO:100-115(参见上述表5和表6)。这些抗体的CDR序列示于表3和表4。所述可变区可与人恒定区组合。
在一些具体实施方案中,本文公开的人源化抗BAFF抗体至少包含重链或轻链可变域,该轻链可变域包含如以上表1至表6中所示的鼠类单克隆抗体或人源化抗体的CDR或HVL及人类种系重链及轻链可变域的FR。
这些序列的CDR示于表3和表4。在一个实施方案中,本发明提供抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含具有以下CDR的轻链可变域:CDR1选自SEQ ID NO:1,SEQ ID NO:5,SEQ ID NO:10,SEQ ID NO:13,SEQ ID NO:15,SEQ ID NO:76,SEQ ID NO:77,SEQ ID NO:78,SEQ ID NO:79,SEQ ID NO:80,SEQ ID NO:249,SEQ ID NO:250,SEQ ID NO:251,SEQ ID NO:252,SEQID NO:253,SEQ ID NO:254,SEQ ID NO:255,SEQ ID NO:256,SEQ ID NO:257,SEQ ID NO:258,SEQ ID NO:259,SEQ ID NO:260,SEQ ID NO:261,SEQ ID NO:262,SEQ ID NO:263,SEQID NO:264,SEQ ID NO:265,SEQ ID NO:266,SEQ ID NO:267,SEQ ID NO:268,SEQ ID NO:269,SEQ ID NO:270,SEQ ID NO:271,SEQ ID NO:272,SEQ ID NO:273,SEQ ID NO:274和SEQ ID NO:275;CDR2选自SEQ ID NO:2,SEQ ID NO:6,SEQ ID NO:8,SEQ ID NO:11,SEQ IDNO:16,SEQ ID NO:276,SEQ ID NO:277,SEQ ID NO:278,SEQ ID NO:279,SEQ ID NO:280,SEQ ID NO:281,SEQ ID NO:282,SEQ ID NO:283,SEQ ID NO:284,SEQ ID NO:285,SEQ IDNO:286,SEQ ID NO:287,SEQ ID NO:288,SEQ ID NO:289,SEQ ID NO:290,SEQ ID NO:291和SEQ ID NO:292;和CDR3选自SEQ ID NO:3,SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:7,SEQ ID NO:9,SEQID NO:12,SEQ ID NO:14,SEQ ID NO:17,SEQ ID NO:293,SEQ ID NO:294,SEQ ID NO:295,SEQ ID NO:296,SEQ ID NO:297,SEQ ID NO:298,SEQ ID NO:299,SEQ ID NO:300,SEQ IDNO:301,SEQ ID NO:302,SEQ ID NO:303,SEQ ID NO:304,SEQ ID NO:305,SEQ ID NO:306,SEQ ID NO:307,SEQ ID NO:308,SEQ ID NO:309,SEQ ID NO:310和SEQ ID NO:311;和具有以下CDR的重链可变域:CDR1选自SEQ ID NO:18,SEQ ID NO:21,SEQ ID NO:23,SEQ ID NO:25,SEQ ID NO:28,SEQ ID NO:31,SEQ ID NO:34,SEQ ID NO:36,SEQ ID NO:37,SEQ IDNO:81,SEQ ID NO:312,SEQ ID NO:313,SEQ ID NO:314,SEQ ID NO:315,SEQ ID NO:316,SEQ ID NO:317,SEQ ID NO:318,SEQ ID NO:319,SEQ ID NO:320,SEQ ID NO:321,SEQ IDNO:322,SEQ ID NO:323,SEQ ID NO:324,SEQ ID NO:325,SEQ ID NO:326,SEQ ID NO:327,SEQ ID NO:328,SEQ ID NO:329,SEQ ID NO:330,SEQ ID NO:331,SEQ ID NO:332,SEQ IDNO:392,SEQ ID NO:333,SEQ ID NO:334,SEQ ID NO:335和SEQ ID NO:336;CDR2选自SEQID NO:19,SEQ ID NO:24,SEQ ID NO:26,SEQ ID NO:29,SEQ ID NO:32,SEQ ID NO:35,SEQID NO:38,SEQ ID NO:337,SEQ ID NO:338,SEQ ID NO:339,SEQ ID NO:340,SEQ ID NO:341,SEQ ID NO:342,SEQ ID NO:343,SEQ ID NO:344,SEQ ID NO:343,SEQ ID NO:345,SEQID NO:346,SEQ ID NO:347,SEQ ID NO:348,SEQ ID NO:349,SEQ ID NO:350,SEQ ID NO:351,SEQ ID NO:352,SEQ ID NO:353,SEQ ID NO:354,SEQ ID NO:355,SEQ ID NO:356,SEQID NO:357,SEQ ID NO:358,SEQ ID NO:359,SEQ ID NO:360,SEQ ID NO:361,SEQ ID NO:362,SEQ ID NO:363,SEQ ID NO:364,SEQ ID NO:365,SEQ ID NO:366和SEQ ID NO:367;和CDR3选自SEQ ID NO:20,SEQ ID NO:22,SEQ ID NO:27,SEQ ID NO:30,SEQ ID NO:33,SEQID NO。39,SEQ ID NO:368,SEQ ID NO:369,SEQ ID NO:370,SEQ ID NO:371,SEQ ID NO:372,SEQ ID NO:373,SEQ ID NO:374,SEQ ID NO:375,SEQ ID NO:376,SEQ ID NO:377,SEQID NO:378,SEQ ID NO:378,SEQ ID NO:379,SEQ ID NO:380,SEQ ID NO:381,SEQ ID NO:382,SEQ ID NO:383,SEQ ID NO:384,SEQ ID NO:385,SEQ ID NO:386,SEQ ID NO:387,SEQID NO:388,SEQ ID NO:389,SEQ ID NO:390和SEQ ID NO:391。
在另一实施方案中,本发明提供(a)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:1,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:3,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:18,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:19,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:20;(b)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:1,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:4,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:21,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:19,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:22;(c)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:1,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:4,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQID NO:23,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:24,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:20;(d)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:5,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:6,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:7,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:25,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:26,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:27;(e)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:5,CDR2为SEQ IDNO:8,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:9,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:28,CDR2为SEQID NO:29,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:30;(f)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:10,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:11,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:12,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:31,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:32,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:33;(g)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:13,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:6,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:14,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:34,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:35,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:27;(h)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:10,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:6,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:7,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQID NO:36,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:26,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:27;(i)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:15,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ IDNO:39;(j)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:76,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(k)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:77,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(l)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:78,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(m)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:79,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(n)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:80,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:17,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:37,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:38,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(o)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:5,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:8,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:9,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQID NO:81,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:29,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:30;(p)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:249,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:293,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:312,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:337,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:368;(q)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:250,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:293,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:312,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:337,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:368;(r)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:251,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:277,和CDR3为SEQID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:313,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:338,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:369;(s)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:252,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:278,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:295,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:314,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:339,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:370;(t)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:253,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:279,和CDR3为SEQID NO:296,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:315,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:340,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:371;(u)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:15,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:16,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:297,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:316,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:341,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:39;(v)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:254,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:280,和CDR3为SEQ IDNO:298,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:342,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:372;(w)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:255,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:281,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:298,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:343,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:373;(x)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:256,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQ IDNO:299,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:344,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:372;(y)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:255,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:281,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:298,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:318,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:343,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:374;(z)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:257,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:282,和CDR3为SEQID NO:300,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:319,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:345,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:375;(aa)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:258,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:283,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:301,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:320,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:346,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:376;(bb)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:259,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:281,和CDR3为SEQID NO:298,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:347,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:377;(cc)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:260,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:284,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:321,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:348,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:378;(dd)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:254,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:2,和CDR3为SEQID NO:299,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:322,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:349,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:372;(ee)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:261,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:285,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:323,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:350,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:378;(ff)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:262,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:286,和CDR3为SEQID NO:302,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:324,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:351,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:379;(gg)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:263,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:6,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:303,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:317,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:352,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:380;(hh)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:264,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQID NO:304,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:325,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:353,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:381;(ii)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:265,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:287,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:305,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:326,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:354,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:382;(jj)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:266,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:287,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:326,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:355,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:383;(kk)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:267,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:285,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:327,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:356,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:369;(ll)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:268,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:328,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:357,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:383;(mm)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:269,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:288,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:304,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:329,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:358,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:384;(nn)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:270,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:330,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:359,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:385;(oo)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:271,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:289,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:307,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:331,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:360,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:385;(pp)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:261,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:285,和CDR3为SEQID NO:294,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:332,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:361,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:386;(qq)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:272,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:289,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:307,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:331,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:362,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:385;(rr)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:266,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:287,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:326,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:355,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:383;(ss)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:270,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:330,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:359,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:285;(tt)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:270,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQID NO:306,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:392,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:363,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:387;(uu)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:273,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:276,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:308,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:333,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:364,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:388;(vv)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:274,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:290,和CDR3为SEQID NO:309,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:334,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:365,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:389;(ww)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ IDNO:275,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:291,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:310,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:335,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:366,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:390;和(xx)抗BAFF抗体分子,其中轻链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:258,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:292,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:311,且重链可变域包含以下CDR:CDR1为SEQ ID NO:336,CDR2为SEQ ID NO:367,和CDR3为SEQ ID NO:391。
在本发明的另一实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子包含SEQ ID NO:82-97中任一序列的轻链可变区,和SEQ ID NO:100-115中任一序列的重链可变区。在优选实施方案中,本发明提供具有以下轻链可变区和重链可变区组合的单克隆抗体:SEQ ID NO:82/101,88/101,94/112或93/114。所述可变区可与人恒定区组合。
在本发明的附加技术方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子中和全部三种形式的人BAFF,所述形式包括膜结合型(mbBAFF),可溶性三聚BAFF,和可溶性60-mer BAFF。特别是,本发明的抗BAFF抗体分子中和人可溶性60-mer BAFF。此外,本发明的抗BAFF抗体分子中和人可溶性三聚BAFF。最后,本发明的抗BAFF抗体分子中和人膜结合型BAFF。
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含:人源化轻链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:76,16和17,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:82的可变域轻链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区;以及人源化重链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:37,38和39,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:101的可变域重链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区。在一个实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子为人源化单克隆抗体。
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含:人源化轻链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:15,16和17,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:88的可变域轻链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区;以及人源化重链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:37,38和39,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:101的可变域重链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区。在一个实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子为人源化单克隆抗体。
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含:人源化轻链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:5,8和9,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:94的可变域轻链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区;以及人源化重链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:81,29和30,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:112的可变域重链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区。在一个实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子为人源化单克隆抗体。
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含:人源化轻链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:5,8和9,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:93的可变域轻链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区;以及人源化重链可变域,其包含以下CDR:SEQ ID NO:81,29和30,以及氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:114的可变域重链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致、至少93%一致或至少95%一致的框架区。在一个实施方案中,所述抗BAFF抗体分子为人源化单克隆抗体。
在具体实施方案中,CDR区在这些例示性免疫球蛋白之间交换(即,例如一种小鼠抗体或源于其的人源化抗体的一或两个CDR与来自另一小鼠抗体或源于其的人源化抗体的类似CDR交换)的嵌合抗体预期可产生适用抗体。
在某些实施方案中,人源化抗BAFF抗体为抗体片段。上文已概述各种抗体片段且已研发出多种技术来产生所述抗体片段。可经由蛋白水解消化完整抗体来获得片段(例如,参见Morimoto等人,1992,Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods 24:107-117;及Brennan等人,1985,Science 229:81)。或者,可在重组宿主细胞中直接产生片段。例如,可直接自大肠杆菌(E.coli)回收Fab'-SH片段,并实施化学偶联以形成F(ab')2片段(例如,参见Carter等人,1992,Bio/Technology 10:163-167)。通过另一方法,可直接自重组宿主细胞培养物中分离F(ab')2片段。本领域技术人员可了解产生抗体片段的其他技术。因此,在一个方面中,本发明提供抗体片段,其包含本文所述的CDR,特别是本文所述的L-CDR1、L-CDR2、L-CDR3、H-CDR1、H-CDR2及H-CDR3的一种组合。在另一方面中,本发明提供抗体片段,其包含本文所述的可变区,例如本文所述的轻链可变区与重链可变区的一种组合。
在一些实施方案中,该抗体或抗体片段包括介导效应子功能的恒定区。恒定区可提供针对表达BAFF的靶细胞的抗体依赖性细胞毒性(ADCC)、抗体依赖性细胞吞噬作用(ADCP)和/或补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)反应。效应域可为(例如)Ig分子的Fc区。
抗体的效应域可来自任何适宜的脊椎动物物种及同种型。来自不同动物物种的同种型介导效应子功能的能力不同。例如,人免疫球蛋白介导CDC及ADCC/ADCP的能力一般分别具有以下次序:IgM≈IgG1≈IgG3>IgG2>IgG4及IgG1≈IgG3>IgG2/IgM/IgG4。鼠类免疫球蛋白一般介导CDC及ADCC/ADCP一般分别具有以下次序:鼠类IgM≈IgG3>>IgG2b>IgG2a>>IgG1及IgG2b>IgG2a>IgG1>>IgG3。在另一实施例中,鼠类IgG2a介导ADCC,而鼠类IgG2a及IgM二者介导CDC。
抗体修饰
人源化抗BAFF抗体及药物可包括对人源化抗BAFF抗体或其抗原结合片段的修饰。例如,可期望在效应子功能方面修饰抗体,以增强抗体在治疗癌症中的效力。一种所述修饰为将半胱氨酸残基引入Fc区中,由此使得在此区域中可形成链间二硫键。由此生成的同二聚抗体可具有经改良的内在化能力和/或增强的补体介导细胞杀伤和/或抗体依赖性细胞毒性(ADCC)。例如,参见Caron等人,1992,J.Exp Med.176:1191-1195;及Shopes,1992,J.Immunol.148:2918-2922。亦可使用异双功能性交联剂来制备具有增强的抗肿瘤活性的同二聚抗体,如Wolff等人,1993,Cancer Research 53:2560-2565中所述。或者,抗体可经改造以含有双重Fc区,从而增强抗体的补体溶胞及ADCC能力。参见Stevenson等人,1989,Anti-Cancer Drug Design 3:219-230。
已通过修改抗体Fc区的糖基化模式来生成支持ADCC的能力经改良的抗体。这是可能的,因为抗体在CH2域中天冬酰胺残基N297处的糖基化参与ADCC必需的IgG与Fcγ受体之间的相互作用。已经改造宿主细胞系以表达糖基化改变(例如增加平分型(bisecting)N-乙酰葡萄糖胺或减少岩藻糖)的抗体。减少岩藻糖比增加平分型N-乙酰葡萄糖胺的存在更大程度地增强ADCC活性。另外,低岩藻糖抗体的ADCC增强与FcγRIIIa V/F多态性无关。
修饰抗体Fc区中的氨基酸序列为增强ADCC的糖基化改造的备选方案。已通过广泛的突变分析来确定Fcγ受体在人IgG1上的结合位点。此导致生成具有Fc突变的人源化IgG1抗体,所述突变提高对FcγRIIIa的结合亲和性并增强活体外ADCC。另外,已获得结合特性具有多种不同变更的Fc变体,所述特性例如与特异性FcγR受体的结合增强且与其他FcγR受体的结合不变或减小。
另一方面包括免疫缀合物,其包含与细胞毒性剂缀合的人源化抗体或其片段,该细胞毒性剂为例如化学治疗药物、毒素(例如,细菌、真菌、植物或动物来源的酶活性毒素或其片段)或放射性同位素(即,放射性缀合物)。
上文已阐述可用于产生所述免疫缀合物的化学治疗药物。可用于形成可用免疫缀合物的酶促活性毒素及其片段包括白喉A链、白喉毒素的非结合活性片段、外毒素A链(来自铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa))、蓖麻毒素A链、相思豆毒蛋白A链、蒴莲根毒素A链、α-八叠球菌、油桐(Aleurites fordii)蛋白、石竹素蛋白、美洲商陆(Phytolacaamericana)蛋白(PAPI、PAPII及PAP-S)、苦瓜(Momordica charantia)抑制剂、泻果素(curcin)、巴豆毒蛋白、肥皂草(Sapaonaria officinalis)抑制剂、白树毒素、mitogellin、局限曲菌素、酚霉素、依诺霉素(enomycin)、单端孢霉烯等。多种放射性核素可用于产生放射性缀合物的人源化抗BAFF抗体。实例包括212Bi、131I、131In、90Y及186Re。
人源化抗BAFF抗体与细胞毒性剂或化学治疗剂的缀合物可通过已知方法使用多种双功能蛋白偶联剂制得,所述偶联剂例如3-(2-吡啶基二巯基)丙酸N-琥珀酰亚胺酯(SPDP)、亚胺基硫杂环戊烷(IT)、亚胺酸酯的双功能衍生物(例如己二酸二甲酯HCL)、活性酯(例如辛二酸二琥珀酰亚胺酯)、醛(例如戊二醛)、双叠氮基化合物(例如双(对-叠氮基苯甲酰基)己二胺)、双重氮衍生物(例如双(对重氮苯甲酰基)-乙二胺)、二异氰酸酯(例如甲苯2,6-二异氰酸酯)及双活性氟化合物(例如1,5-二氟-2,4-二硝基苯)。例如,蓖麻毒素免疫毒素可如Vitetta等人,1987,Science 238:1098中所述来制备。经碳-14标记的1-异硫氰酰苄基-3-甲基二亚乙基三胺五乙酸(MX-DTPA)为放射性核苷酸与抗体缀合的示例性螯合剂。缀合物亦可使用可裂解接头来形成。
亦可将本文所公开人源化抗BAFF抗体调配为免疫脂质体。含有抗体的脂质体通过本领域已知的方法来制备,例如以下文献中所阐述:Epstein等人,1985,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 82:3688;Hwang等人,1980,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA77:4030;及美国专利第4,485,045号及第4,544,545号。循环时间延长的脂质体公开于(例如)美国专利第5,013,556号中。
尤其有用的脂质体可使用包含磷脂酰胆碱、胆固醇及PEG衍生的磷脂酰乙醇胺(PEG-PE)的脂质组合物通过反相蒸发法来生成。经由具有指定孔径的滤膜挤出脂质体以获得具有期望直径的脂质体。可经由二硫化物互换反应使本文所公开抗体的Fab'片段与脂质体组合,如Martin等人,1982,J.Biol.Chem.257:286-288中所述。化学治疗药物(例如多柔比星)任选含于脂质体内。例如,参见Gabizon等人,1989,J.National Cancer Inst.81(19):1484。
本文阐述并公开的抗体亦可通过使抗体与活化前药的酶缀合来用于ADEPT(抗体导向的酶前药疗法)操作,该酶将前药(例如,肽基化学治疗药物)转化为活性抗癌药物。例如,参见WO 81/01145、WO 88/07378及美国专利第4,975,278号。可用于ADEPT的免疫缀合物中的酶组分为能作用于前药而将其转化为活性更强的细胞毒性形式的酶。可用于ADEPT的具体酶包括(但不限于):碱性磷酸酶,其用于将含磷酸酯前药转化为游离药物;芳基硫酸酯酶,其用于将含硫酸酯前药转化为游离药物;胞嘧啶脱胺酶,其用于将非毒性5-氟胞嘧啶转化为抗癌药物5-氟尿嘧啶;蛋白酶,例如沙雷菌(Serratia)蛋白酶、嗜热菌蛋白酶、枯草杆菌蛋白酶、羧肽酶及组织蛋白酶(例如组织蛋白酶B及L),其用于将含肽前药转化为游离药物;D-丙氨酰羧肽酶,其用于转化含有D-氨基酸取代基的前药;碳水化合物裂解酶,例如β-半乳糖苷酶及神经氨酸酶,其用于将糖基化前药转化为游离药物;β-内酰胺酶,其用于将经β-内酰胺衍生的药物转化为游离药物;及青霉素酰胺酶,例如青霉素V酰胺酶或青霉素G酰胺酶,其用于分别将胺氮上经苯氧基乙酰基或苯基乙酰基衍生的药物转化为游离药物。或者,可使用具有酶活性的抗体(“抗体酶”)来将前药转化为游离活性药物(例如,参见Massey,1987,Nature 328:457-458)。可通过已知方法来制备抗体-抗体酶缀合物以供将抗体酶递送至肿瘤细胞群,例如,通过使酶与上述人源化抗BAFF抗体/异双功能性交联试剂共价结合来制备。或者,可使用重组DNA技术构造融合蛋白,其包含本文所公开抗体的至少抗原结合区及与之相连的上述酶的至少功能活性部分(例如,参见Neuberger等人,1984,Nature 312:604-608)。
在某些实施方案中,可期望使用人源化抗BAFF抗体片段而非完整抗体以(例如)促进组织渗透。可期望修饰抗体片段以延长其血清半衰期。此可通过(例如)将补救受体结合表位纳入抗体片段中来达成。在一种方法中,可改变(例如使之突变)抗体片段中的适宜区域,或可通过(例如)DNA或肽合成将表位纳入肽标签中,随后使该标签在末端或在中部与抗体片段融合。例如,参见WO96/32478。
在其他实施方案中,亦包括人源化抗BAFF抗体的共价修饰。共价修饰包括对以下基团的修饰:半胱氨酰基残基、组氨酰基残基、赖氨酰基及氨基末端残基、精氨酰基残基、酪氨酰基残基、羧基侧基团(天冬氨酰基或谷氨酰基)、谷氨酰氨酰基及天冬酰氨酰基残基或丝氨酰基或苏氨酰基残基。另一共价修饰类型涉及使糖苷与抗体化学或酶促偶联。若适用,所述修饰可通过化学合成或通过抗体的酶促或化学裂解来制备。可通过使抗体的靶向氨基酸残基与能与所选侧链或氨基-或羧基-末端残基反应的有机衍生剂反应来将抗体的其他共价修饰类型引入分子中。
抗体上存在的任何碳水化合物部分的移除可以以化学或酶促方式来完成。化学去糖基化阐述于以下文献中:Hakimuddin等人,1987,Arch.Biochem.Biophys.259:52及Edge等人,1981,Anal.Biochem.,118:131。抗体上碳水化合物部分的酶促裂解可通过使用多种内切糖苷酶及外切糖苷酶来达成,如Thotakura等人,1987,Meth.Enzymol 138:350中所述。
可用的共价修饰的另一类型包含使抗体与多种非蛋白性聚合物(例如聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚氧化烯)之一以以下文献中的一或多者所述的方式连接:美国专利第4,640,835号、美国专利第4,496,689号、美国专利第4,301,144号、美国专利第4,670,417号、美国专利第4,791,192号及美国专利第4,179,337号。
人源化及氨基酸序列变体
抗BAFF抗体的氨基酸序列变体可通过将适宜核苷酸变化引入抗BAFF抗体DNA中或通过肽合成来制备。所述变体包括(例如)本文实施例中抗BAFF抗体氨基酸序列内残基的缺失和/或插入和/或取代。实施缺失、插入及取代的任一组合以获得最终构建体,条件是最终构建体具有期望特征。氨基酸变化亦可改变人源化或变体抗BAFF抗体的翻译后过程,例如改变糖基化位点的数目或位置。
可用于鉴定抗BAFF抗体中优选诱变位置的某些残基或区域的方法称作“丙氨酸扫描诱变”,如Cunningham及Wells(Science,244:1081-1085(1989))中所述。此处,鉴定了残基或目标残基群(例如带电荷残基,例如arg、asp、his、lys及glu)且其经中性或带负电荷氨基酸(通常为丙氨酸)取代以影响氨基酸与BAFF抗原的相互作用。然后通过在取代位点或针对取代位点引入另外或其他变体来改良那些显示对取代具有功能敏感性的氨基酸位置。因此,在预先确定引入氨基酸序列变异的位点时,突变本身的性质无需预先确定。例如,为分析给定位点处突变的性能,在目标密码子或区域处实施丙氨酸扫描诱变或随机诱变并针对期望活性筛选所表达的抗BAFF抗体变体。
氨基酸序列插入包括氨基-和/或羧基末端融合(长度介于一个残基至含有上百或更多残基的多肽的范围内)以及单一或多个氨基酸残基的序列内插入。末端插入的实例包括与表位标签融合的抗BAFF抗体。抗BAFF抗体分子的其他插入性变体包括酶或可提高抗体血清半衰期的多肽与抗BAFF抗体N-或C-末端的融合。
另一类型的变体为氨基酸取代变体。所述变体在抗BAFF抗体分子中移除至少一个氨基酸残基并在该位置处插入不同残基。用于取代诱变的最受关注的位点包括超变区,但亦涵盖FR改变。保守取代示于表5的“优选取代”标题下。若所述取代引起生物活性改变,则可引入更重要的改变(命名为“示例性取代”,或如下文参照氨基酸种类所进一步阐述),并筛选产物。
在蛋白化学中,一般公认抗体的生物学特性可通过选择维持以下特性的效应显著不同的取代来达成:(a)取代区域中多肽框架的结构,例如呈折叠或螺旋构象,(b)分子在靶位点处的电荷或疏水性,或(c)侧链体积。根据常见侧链特性将天然残基分为以下各类:
(1)疏水性:正亮氨酸、met、ala、val、leu、ile;
(2)中性亲水性:cys、ser、thr;
(3)酸性:asp、glu;
(4)碱性:asn、gin、his、lys、arg;
(5)影响链取向的残基:gly、pro;及
(6)芳香族:trp、tyr、phe。
非保守性取代使得需要将所述种类之一的成员交换为另一种类。
亦可取代(一般用丝氨酸取代)维持人源化或变体抗BAFF抗体的适当构象时未涉及的任何半胱氨酸残基,从而提高分子的氧化稳定性,预防异常交联,或提供与细胞毒性或细胞抑制化合物的已确认的经合点。相反,可将半胱氨酸键添加至抗体以提高其稳定性(尤其在抗体为例如Fv片段等抗体片段时)。
一类取代型变体涉及取代亲代抗体(例如人源化或人抗体)中的一或多个超变区残基。通常,所选用于进一步研发的所得变体可相对于产生所述变体的亲代抗体具有改良的生物特性。产生所述取代型变体的便捷方法为使用噬菌体展示实施的亲和性成熟。简言之,使若干超变区位点(例如6至7个位点)突变以在每一位点产生所有可能的氨基酸取代。由此产生的抗体变体以单价方式以与每一颗粒内所封装的M13基因III产物的融合形式自丝状噬菌体颗粒展示出来。然后针对生物学活性(例如结合亲和性)来筛选噬菌体展示的变体。为确定修饰的候选超变区位点,可实施丙氨酸扫描诱变以确定显著促进抗原结合的超变区残基。或者或另外,有利的是分析抗原-抗体复合物的晶体结构以确定抗体与人BAFF之间的接触点。所述接触残基及附近残基为本文所述技术的候选取代残基。产生所述变体后,立即如本文所述对变体组进行筛选,且可选择在一或多个相关分析中具有优良特性的抗体以供进一步研发。
抗体的另一类氨基酸变体改变抗体的原始糖基化模式。“改变”意指缺失一或多个存在于抗体中的碳水化合物部分和/或添加一或多个抗体中不存在的糖基化位点。
在一些实施方案中,可期望修饰本发明的抗体以添加糖基化位点。抗体的糖基化通常为N-连接或O-连接。N-连接是指碳水化合物部分连接至天冬酰氨酸残基侧链。三肽序列天冬酰氨酸-X-丝氨酸及天冬酰氨酸-X-苏氨酸(其中X为除脯氨酸外的任何氨基酸)为碳水化合物部分经酶连接至天冬酰氨酸侧链的识别序列。因此,多肽中存在所述三肽序列中的任一序列均可产生潜在糖基化位点。O-连接糖基化是指糖N-乙酰半乳糖胺、半乳糖或木糖之一连接至羟基氨基酸,最常见为丝氨酸或苏氨酸,但亦可使用5-羟脯氨酸或5-羟赖氨酸。因此,为糖基化特定蛋白(例如抗体),改造该蛋白的氨基酸序列以含有上述三肽序列中的一或多者(对于N-连接糖基化位点)。亦可通过一或多个丝氨酸或苏氨酸残基添加或取代于原始抗体序列中来改变(对于O-连接糖基化位点)。
编码抗BAFF抗体氨基酸序列变体的核酸分子为由本领域已知的多种方法制备。所述方法包括(但不限于)自天然来源分离(在天然氨基酸序列变体情况下)或通过抗BAFF抗体的预先制备的变体或非变体形式实施寡核苷酸介导(或定点)诱变、PCR诱变及盒式诱变制备。
聚核苷酸、载体、宿主细胞及重组方法
其他实施方案涵盖包含编码人源化抗BAFF抗体的序列的分离的聚核苷酸、包含该聚核苷酸的载体及宿主细胞,以及产生人源化抗体的重组技术。分离的聚核苷酸可编码抗BAFF抗体的任何期望形式,包括例如全长单克隆抗体、Fab、Fab'、F(ab')2及Fv片段、双抗体(diabodies)、线性抗体、单链抗体分子及自抗体片段形成的多特异性抗体。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供分离的多核苷酸,其包含以下轻链可变区和重链可变区的组合:SEQ ID NO:40/58,42/60,44/62,46/64,48/66,50/68,52/70,54/72,56/74,118/182,120/184,122/186,124/188,126/190,128/192,130/194,132/196,134/198,136/200,138/202,140/204,142/206,144/208,146/210,148/212,150/214,152/216,154/218,156/220,158/222,160/224,162/226,164/228,166/230,168/232,170/236,172/237,172/239,174/241,176/243,178/245或180/247。
一些实施方案包括分离的多核苷酸,其包含编码具有以下任一氨基酸序列的抗体或抗体片段轻链可变区的序列:SEQ ID NO:82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,或97。编码此类氨基酸序列的示例性多核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:234,392,393和394。其他实施方案包括分离的多核苷酸,其包含编码具有以下任一氨基酸序列的抗体或抗体片段重链可变区的序列:SEQ ID NO:100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114或115。编码此类氨基酸序列的示例性多核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:395,396和397。
在一个实施方案中,分离的多核苷酸包含:轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:234且重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:396,轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:393且重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:396,轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:395且重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:397,或轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:394且重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:398。
包含编码人源化抗BAFF抗体或其片段或链的序列的聚核苷酸可与一或多种本领域已知的调节或控制序列融合,且可含于本领域已知的适宜的表达载体或宿主细胞中。编码重链或轻链可变域的每一聚核苷酸分子皆可独立地与编码恒定域(例如人恒定域)的聚核苷酸序列融合,从而使得能产生完整抗体。或者,可使聚核苷酸或其部分融合在一起,从而提供产生单链抗体的模板。
对于重组产生,将编码抗体的聚核苷酸插入可复制载体中以供克隆(扩增DNA)或表达。可使用多种适合表达重组抗体的载体。载体组分一般包括(但不限于)以下中的一或多者:信号序列、复制起点、一或多个标记基因、增强子组件、启动子及转录终止序列。
人源化抗BAFF抗体亦可以融合多肽形式产生,其中抗体与异源多肽融合,例如信号序列或在成熟蛋白或多肽的氨基末端具有特异性裂解位点的其他多肽。所选异源性信号序列通常为宿主细胞可识别及加工(即,通过信号肽酶裂解)的序列。对于不能识别并加工人源化抗BAFF抗体信号序列的原核宿主细胞而言,信号序列可由原核信号序列取代。信号序列可为(例如)碱性磷酸酶、青霉素酶、脂蛋白、耐热肠毒素II前导序列等。对于酵母分泌,可用(例如)以下信号来取代天然信号序列:得自酵母转化酶α-因子的前导序列(包括酵母菌属(Saccharomyces)及克鲁维酵母属(Kluyveromyces)α-因子前导序列)、酸性磷酸酶、白色念珠菌(C.albicans)葡糖淀粉酶或WO90/13646中所述的信号。在哺乳动物细胞中,可使用哺乳动物信号序列以及病毒分泌前导序列(例如单纯疱疹病毒gD信号)。该前体区的DNA在阅读框中与编码人源化抗BAFF抗体的DNA接合。
表达及克隆载体含有使载体能在一或多个所选宿主细胞中复制的核酸序列。通常,在克隆载体中,此序列为使载体能独立于宿主染色体DNA而复制者,且其包括复制起点或自主复制序列。用于多种细菌、酵母及病毒的所述序列为本领域所熟知。来自质粒pBR322的复制起点适用于大多数革兰氏(Gram)阴性细菌,2-υ质粒起点适用于酵母,且多种病毒起点(SV40、多瘤、腺病毒、VSV及BPV)可用于在哺乳动物细胞中克隆载体。通常,哺乳动物表达载体不需要复制起点组分(通常可仅使用SV40起点,这是因为其含有早期启动子)。
表达及克隆载体可含有编码可选择标记物的基因以有助于对表达的鉴定。典型可选择标记基因编码如下蛋白:赋予对抗生素或其他毒素(例如,氨苄西林(ampicillin)、新霉素、甲氨蝶呤或四环素)的抗性;或者,为营养缺陷的补体;或在其他备选方案中供应复合培养基中不存在的特定营养素,例如编码杆菌(Bacilli)的D-丙氨酸消旋酶的基因。
选择方案的一个实施例利用药物来阻止宿主细胞的生长。那些经异源基因成功转化的细胞产生赋予抗药性的蛋白,且因此可在该选择方案中存活。该显性选择的实施例使用药物新霉素、霉酚酸及潮霉素。哺乳动物细胞的常用可选择标记物为那些使得能鉴定可吸收编码人源化抗BAFF抗体的核酸的细胞的标记物,例如DHFR(二氢叶酸还原酶)、胸苷激酶、金属硫蛋白-I及-II(例如灵长类动物金属硫蛋白基因)、腺苷脱胺酶、鸟氨酸脱羧酶等。首先通过在含有甲氨蝶呤(Mtx)(DHFR的竞争性拮抗剂)的培养基中培养所有转化体来鉴定经DHFR选择基因转化的细胞。在采用野生型DHFR时,适宜的宿主细胞为DHFR活性缺陷的中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞系(例如DG44)。
或者,经编码抗BAFF抗体、野生型DHFR蛋白及另一可选择标记物(例如氨基葡萄糖苷3'-磷酸转移酶(APH))的DNA序列转化或共转化的宿主细胞(尤其是含有内源性DHFR的野生型宿主)可通过在含有针对所述可选择标记物的选择剂(例如氨基糖苷抗生素,例如卡那霉素(kanamycin)、新霉素或G418)的培养基中使细胞生长来进行选择。例如,参见美国专利第4,965,199号。
倘若使用酵母细胞作为宿主细胞来实施重组产生,则可使用存在于酵母质粒YRp7中的TRP1基因(Stinchcomb等人,1979,Nature 282:39)作为可选择标记物。TRP1基因为缺少在色氨酸中生长的能力的酵母突变体菌株(例如,ATCC第44076号或PEP4-1)提供选择标记物(Jones,1977,Genetics 85:12)。则酵母宿主细胞基因组中trp1损伤的存在可提供有效环境以通过在不存在色氨酸时生长来检测转化。类似地,Leu2p缺陷型酵母菌株(例如ATCC 20,622或38,626)通过具有LEU2基因的已知质粒来补足。
另外,可使用得自1.6μm环形质粒pKD1的载体来转化克鲁维酵母。或者,已报导用于大规模产生重组牛凝乳酶的表达系统可用于乳酸克鲁维酵母(K.lactis.)(Van denBerg,1990,Bio/Technology 8:135)。亦已公开通过克鲁维酵母属的工业菌株分泌成熟重组人血清白蛋白的稳定多拷贝表达载体(Fleer等人,1991,Bio/Technology 9:968-975)。
表达及克隆载体通常含有宿主有机体可识别且与编码抗BAFF抗体或其多肽链的核酸分子可操作连接的启动子。适用于原核宿主的启动子包括phoA启动子、β-内酰胺酶及乳糖启动子系统、碱性磷酸酶、色氨酸(trp)启动子系统及杂合启动子(例如tac启动子)。其他已知的细菌启动子亦适宜。用于细菌系统的启动子亦可含有与编码人源化抗BAFF抗体的DNA可操作连接的Shine-Dalgamo(S.D.)序列。
已知多种真核启动子序列。事实上,所有真核基因皆具有富AT区,其位于转录起始位点上游约25至30个碱基处。在许多基因的转录起始点上游70至80个碱基处发现的另一序列为CNCAAT区,其中N可为任一核苷酸。在大多数真核基因的3'端处为AATAAA序列,其可能向编码序列的3'端添加聚A尾的信号。所有所述序列皆以适宜方式插入真核表达载体中。
适用于酵母宿主的启动序列的实例包括以下酶的启动子:3-磷酸甘油酸酯激酶或其他糖酵解酶,例如烯醇化酶、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶、己糖激酶、丙酮酸脱羧酶、磷酸果糖激酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶、3-磷酸甘油酸变位酶、丙酮酸激酶、磷酸丙糖异构酶、磷酸葡萄糖异构酶及葡糖激酶。
诱导型启动子的另一优点为通过生长条件来控制转录。所述启动子包括以下酶的酵母启动子区:醇脱氢酶2、异细胞色素C、酸性磷酸酶、与氮代谢相关的衍生物酶、金属硫蛋白、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶及负责麦芽糖及半乳糖利用的酶。用于酵母表达的适宜载体及启动子进一步阐述于EP 73,657中。酵母增强子亦可有利地与酵母启动子一起使用。
在哺乳动物宿主细胞中自载体转录人源化抗BAFF抗体受(例如)自以下获得的启动子控制:病毒基因组,例如多瘤、鸡痘病毒、腺病毒(例如腺病毒2)、牛乳头瘤病毒、禽肉瘤病毒、细胞巨化病毒、逆转录病毒、肝炎B病毒及猿猴病毒40(SV40);异源性哺乳动物启动子,例如肌动蛋白启动子或免疫球蛋白启动子;热休克启动子,条件是所述启动子与宿主细胞系统兼容。
SV40病毒的早期及晚期启动子为便捷地以SV40限制性片段形式获得,其亦含有SV40病毒复制起点。人细胞巨化病毒的立即早期启动子为便捷地以HindIII E限制性片段形式获得。使用牛乳头瘤病毒作为载体在哺乳动物宿主中表达DNA的系统公开于美国专利第4,419,446号中。此系统的修改形式阐述于美国专利第4,601,978号中。亦可参见Reyes等人,1982,Nature297:598-601,其公开在来自单纯疱疹病毒的胸苷激酶启动子控制下在小鼠细胞中表达人p-干扰素cDNA。或者,可使用劳斯肉瘤病毒(rous sarcoma virus)长末端重复序列作为启动子。
可用于重组表达载体的另一可用组件为增强子序列,其用于提高高等真核生物中编码人源化抗BAFF抗体的DNA的转录。现已知多种增强子序列来自哺乳动物基因(例如珠蛋白、弹性蛋白酶、白蛋白、α-胎蛋白及胰岛素)。然而,通常使用来自真核细胞病毒的增强子。实例包括位于复制起点迟侧(late side)上的SV40增强子(bp 100-270)、细胞巨化病毒早期启动子增强子、位于复制起点迟侧上的多瘤增强子及腺病毒增强子。关于活化真核启动子的增强组件的描述亦可参见Yaniv,1982,Nature 297:17-18。可将增强子剪接至载体中人源化抗BAFF抗体编码序列的5'或3'位置处,但优选位于启动子的5'位点。
用于真核宿主细胞(酵母、真菌、昆虫、植物、动物、人细胞或来自其他多细胞有机体的有核细胞)中的表达载体亦可含有终止转录及稳定mRNA所需的序列。所述序列一般可自真核生物或病毒DNA或cDNA的5'及偶而其3'非翻译区获得。所述区域含有在编码抗BAFF抗体的mRNA的非翻译部分中转录为聚腺苷酸化片段的核苷酸区段。一种可用的转录终止组分为牛生长激素聚腺苷酸化区。参见WO94/11026及其中所公开的表达载体。在一些实施方案中,人源化抗BAFF抗体可使用CHEF系统来表达。(例如,参见美国专利第5,888,809号,其公开内容为以引用方式并入本文中。)
在本文载体中克隆或表达DNA的适宜的宿主细胞为上述原核细胞、酵母细胞或高等真核细胞。适用于此目的的原核生物包括真细菌,例如革兰氏阴性或革兰氏阳性有机体,例如:肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae),例如埃希氏菌属(Escherichia)(例如大肠杆菌)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)、欧文氏菌属(Erwinia)、克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)、变形杆菌属(Proteus)、沙门氏菌属(Salmonella)(例如鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonellatyphimurium))、沙雷菌属(例如黏质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescans))及志贺氏菌属(Shigella),以及杆菌属(例如枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)及地衣芽孢杆菌(B.licheniformis)(例如于1989年4月12日出版的DD 266,710中所公开的地衣芽孢杆菌41P))、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)(例如铜绿假单胞菌)及链霉菌属(Streptomyces)。优选的大肠杆菌克隆宿主为大肠杆菌294(ATCC 31,446),但其他菌株(例如大肠杆菌B、大肠杆菌X1776(ATCC31,537)及大肠杆菌W3110(ATCC 27,325))亦适合。所述实施例为例示性而非限制性。
除原核生物外,例如丝状真菌或酵母等真核微生物亦为人源化抗BAFF抗体编码载体的适宜的克隆或表达宿主。酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)或常见的面包酵母(baker's yeast)为最常用的低等真核宿主微生物。然而,一般可使用多种其他属、种及菌株且可用于本文中,例如裂殖酵母菌(Schizosaccharomyces pombe);克鲁维酵母属宿主,例如乳酸克鲁维酵母、脆壁克鲁维酵母(K.fragilis)(ATCC 12,424)、保加利亚克鲁维酵母(K.bulgaricus)(ATCC 16,045)、威克克鲁维酵母(K.wickeramii)(ATCC 24,178)、瓦尔特克鲁维酵母(K.waltii)(ATCC 56,500)、果蝇克鲁维酵母(K.drosophilarum)(ATCC36,906)、耐热克鲁维酵母(K.thermotolerans)及马科斯克鲁维酵母(K.marxianus);耶氏酵母属(yarrowia)(EP 402,226);巴斯德毕赤酵母菌(Pichia pastoris)(EP 183,070);念珠菌属(Candida);里氏木霉菌(Trichoderma reesia)(EP244,234);粗糙链孢霉菌(Neurosporacrassa);许旺酵母属(Schwanniomyces),例如西方许旺酵母(Schwanniomycesoccidentalis);及丝状真菌,例如链孢霉属(Neurospora)、青霉属(Penicillium)、弯颈霉属(Tolypocladium)及曲霉菌属(Aspergillus)宿主(例如构巢曲霉(A.nidulans)及黑曲霉(A.niger))。
表达糖基化人源化抗BAFF抗体的适宜宿主细胞得自多细胞有机体。无脊椎动物细胞的实例包括植物及昆虫细胞,包括(例如)多种杆状病毒株及变体及来自例如以下宿主的相应许可的昆虫宿主细胞:草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)(毛虫)、埃及伊蚊(Aedesaegypti)(蚊子)、白纹伊蚊(Aedes albopictus)(蚊子)、黑腹果蝇(Drosophilamelanogaster)(果蝇)及家蚕(Bombyx mori)(蚕)。多种转染用病毒株可自公开途径获得,例如苜蓿银纹夜蛾(Autographa californica)NPV的L-1变体及家蚕NPV的Bm-5株,且所述病毒尤其可用于转染草地贪夜蛾细胞。
亦可采用棉花、玉米、马铃薯、大豆、矮牵牛花、西红柿及烟草的植物细胞培养物作为宿主。
在另一方面中,人源化抗BAFF的表达为在脊椎动物细胞中实施。脊椎动物细胞在培养(组织培养)中的繁殖已成为常规操作且技术随处可得。可用哺乳动物宿主细胞系的实例为经SV40转化的猴肾CV1为(COS-7,ATCC CRL 1651)、人胚肾系(293系或经亚克隆以供在悬浮培养中生长的293细胞,Graham等人,1977,J.Gen Virol.36:59)、幼仓鼠肾细胞(BHK,ATCC CCL 10)、中国仓鼠卵巢细胞/-DHFR1(CHO,Urlaub等人,1980,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 77:4216;例如DG44)、小鼠睾丸支持细胞(TM4,Mather,1980,Biol.Reprod.23:243-251)、猴肾细胞(CV1ATCC CCL 70)、非洲绿猴肾细胞(VERO-76,ATCCCRL-1587)、人宫颈癌细胞(HELA,ATCC CCL 2)、犬肾细胞(MDCK,ATCC CCL 34)、水牛鼠肝细胞(BRL 3A,ATCC CRL 1442)、人肺细胞(W138,ATCC CCL 75)、人肝细胞(Hep G2,HB 8065)、小鼠乳房肿瘤(MMT 060562,ATCC CCL51)、TR1细胞(Mather等人,1982,AnnalsN.Y.Acad.Sci.383:44-68)、MRC 5细胞、FS4细胞及人肝细胞瘤系(Hep G2)。
用上述用于产生人源化抗BAFF抗体的表达或克隆载体来转化宿主细胞,并在常用营养培养基中培养,所述营养培养基经修改以适于诱导启动子、选择转化体或扩增编码期望序列的基因。
可在多种培养基中培养用于产生本文所述人源化抗BAFF抗体的宿主细胞。市售培养基适用于培养宿主细胞,例如Ham's F10(Sigma-Aldrich公司,St.Louis,Mo.)、最小必需培养基((MEM),Sigma-Aldrich公司)、RPMI-1640(Sigma-Aldrich公司)及达尔伯克氏改良的伊格尔氏培养基(Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium)((DMEM),Sigma-Aldrich公司)。另外,可使用以下文献中的一或多者阐述的任一培养基来作为宿主细胞的培养基:Ham等人,1979,Meth.Enz.58:44;Barnes等人,1980,Anal.Biochem.102:255;美国专利第4,767,704号、美国专利第4,657,866号、美国专利第4,927,762号、美国专利第4,560,655号、美国专利第5,122,469号、WO 90/103430及WO 87/00195。所述培养基中的任一种可根据需要补加有激素和/或其他生长因子(例如胰岛素、转铁蛋白或表皮生长因子)、盐(例如氯化钠、钙盐、镁盐及磷酸盐)、缓冲液(例如HEPES)、核苷酸(例如腺苷及胸苷)、抗生素(例如庆大霉素)、痕量元素(定义为通常以微摩尔范围的最终浓度存在的无机化合物)及葡萄糖或等效能源。亦可以包括本领域技术人员已知的适当浓度的其他补加物。例如温度、pH等培养条件为那些先前用于所选表达用宿主细胞的条件,且对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。
在使用重组技术时,抗体可在细胞内、在壁膜间隙中产生,或直接分泌至培养基中。若在细胞内产生抗体,则作为第一步骤可使细胞破裂以释放蛋白。可通过离心或超滤移除微粒碎片,即宿主细胞或溶解片段。Carter等人,1992,Bio/Technology 10:163-167阐述分离分泌至大肠杆菌壁膜间隙中的抗体的操作。简言之,在乙酸钠(pH 3.5)、EDTA及苯甲磺酰氟(PMSF)存在下经约30分钟使细胞糊剂解冻。可通过离心移除细胞碎片。倘若抗体分泌至培养基中,则通常首先使用市售蛋白浓缩滤器(例如Amicon或Millipore Pellicon超滤单元)浓缩来自所述表达系统的上清液。在任一前述步骤中可包括例如PMSF等蛋白酶抑制剂以抑制蛋白水解,且可包括抗生素以防止外来污染物生长。可使用多种方法自宿主细胞分离抗体。
可使用(例如)羟基磷灰石色谱、凝胶电泳、透析及亲和色谱来纯化自细胞制备的抗体组合物,其中亲和色谱为常用纯化技术。蛋白A作为亲和配体的适合性取决于存在于抗体中的任一免疫球蛋白Fc域的物种及同种型。蛋白A可用于纯化基于人γ1、γ2或γ4重链的抗体(例如,参见Lindmark等人,1983J.Immunol.Meth.62:1-13)。推荐蛋白G用于所有小鼠同种型及人γ3(例如,参见Guss等人,1986EMBO J.5:1567-1575)。亲和配体所附接的基质最经常为琼脂糖,但亦可使用其他基质。机械上稳定的基质(例如可控多孔玻璃或聚(苯乙烯二乙烯基)苯)使得可达成较使用琼脂糖更快的流速及更短的处理时间。倘若抗体包含CH3域,则Bakerbond ABXTM树脂(J.T.Baker,Phillipsburg,N.J.)可用于纯化。取决于欲回收的抗体,亦可使用其他蛋白纯化技术,例如离子交换柱分级分离、乙醇沉淀、反相HPLC、硅胶色谱、肝素SEPHAROSETM色谱、阴离子或阳离子交换树脂(例如聚天冬氨酸柱)色谱、色谱聚焦、SDS-PAGE及硫酸铵沉淀。
在任何初步纯化步骤后,可使用pH介于约2.5至4.5之间的洗脱缓冲液对包含目标抗体及污染物的混合物实施低pH疏水相互作用色谱,其通常在低盐浓度(例如,约0-0.25M盐)下实施。
亦包括在如本文定义的低、中及高严格度条件下与由编码本发明的抗体或抗体片段的分离的聚核苷酸序列表示的核苷酸序列的全部或一部分(例如编码可变区的部分)发生杂交的核酸。杂交核酸的杂交部分通常长至少15个(例如,20个、25个、30个或50个)核苷酸。杂交核酸的杂交部分与编码抗BAFF多肽(例如,重链或轻链可变区)或其补体的核酸的一部分或全部的序列至少80%(例如至少90%、至少95%或至少98%)一致。本文所述类型的杂交核酸可用作(例如)克隆探针、引物(例如PCR引物)或诊断探针。
一些实施方案包括分离的多核苷酸,其包括编码具有如下任一氨基酸序列的抗体或抗体片段的序列:82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114或115,以及与SEQ ID NO:234,393,394,395,396,397或398的多核苷酸序列至少80%,至少90%,至少95%,至少98%,或至少99%一致的序列。
本文所用术语“一致”或“一致性百分比”在两个或更多个核酸或多肽序列的上下文中是指两个或更多个序列或子序列在进行对比及对齐(以获得最大对应性)时相同或有指定百分比的核苷酸或氨基酸残基相同。为测定一致性百分比,将序列对齐以达成最佳对比目的(例如,可在第一氨基酸或核酸序列中引入空位以与第二氨基酸或核酸序列达成最佳对齐)。然后对比对应氨基酸位置或核苷酸位置处的氨基酸残基或核苷酸。若第一序列中的位置与第二序列中的对应位置由相同氨基酸残基或核苷酸占据,则所述分子在该位置处一致。两个序列之间的一致性百分比为所述序列所共有的一致性位置数目的函数(即,一致性%=一致性位置数/总位置数(例如,重叠位置数)x100)。在一些实施方案中,所对比两个序列在合适时(例如,不包括延伸出所对比序列外的额外序列)于序列内引入空位后长度相同。例如,在对比可变区序列时,不考虑前导序列和/或恒定域序列。在两个序列之间的序列对比中,“对应”CDR是指两个序列中相同位置处的CDR(例如,每一序列的CDR-H1)。
两个序列之间一致性百分比或相似性百分比的测定可使用数学算法来完成。用于对比两个序列的数学算法的优选非限制性实例为Karlin及Altschul的算法(1990,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA87:2264-2268),其根据Karlin及Altschul,1993,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 90:5873-5877加以修改。此一算法已纳入Altschul等人的NBLAST及XBLAST程序中(1990,J.Mol.Biol.215:403-410)。BLAST核苷酸搜索可用NBLAST程序(分数=100,字长=12)来实施,从而获得与编码目标蛋白的核酸同源的核苷酸序列。BLAST蛋白搜索可用XBLAST程序(分数=50,字长=3)来实施,从而获得与目标蛋白同源的氨基酸序列。出于对比目的,为获得加空位对齐,可如Altschul等人,1997,Nucleic AcidsRes.25:3389-3402中所述来利用Gapped BLAST。或者,可使用PSI-Blast来实施迭代搜索,其检测分子之间的远距离联系(同一文献)。在利用BLAST、Gapped BLAST及PSI-Blast程序时,可使用各程序(例如,XBLAST及NBLAST)的预设参数。用于对比序列的另一优选非限制性实例为Myers及Miller的算法(CABIOS(1989))。此一算法已纳入ALIGN程序(2.0版)中,其为GCG序列对齐软件包的一部分。在利用对齐程序来对比氨基酸序列时,可使用PAM120加权残差表、等于12的空位长度罚分及等于4的空位罚分。用于序列分析的其他算法为本领域已知且包括ADVANCE及ADAM,如Torellis及Robotti,1994,Comput.Appl.Biosci.10:3-5中所述;及FASTA,如Pearson及Lipman,1988,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 85:2444-8中所述。在FASTA内,ktup为设定灵敏度及搜索速度的控制选项。若ktup=2,则通过检查对齐残基对来发现所对比两个序列中的相似区域;若ktup=1,则检查单一对齐氨基酸。对于蛋白序列,可将ktup设定为2或1,或对于DNA序列设定为1至6。若未指定ktup,则对于蛋白默认值为2且对于DNA默认值为6。或者,蛋白序列对齐可使用CLUSTAL W算法来实施,如Higgins等人,1996,Methods Enzymol.266:383-402所述。
非治疗性用途
本文所述抗体可用作亲和纯化剂。在此方法中,使用本领域熟知方法将抗体固定在例如蛋白A树脂等固相上。使固定抗体与含有欲纯化BAFF蛋白(或其片段)的样品接触,且随后用适宜溶剂洗涤载体,从而可移除样品中除与固定抗体结合的BAFF蛋白以外的基本上所有物质。最后,用另一适宜溶剂洗涤载体,从而可自抗体释放BAFF蛋白。
抗BAFF抗体,例如人源化抗BAFF抗体亦适用于诊断分析中以检测和/或定量测定BAFF蛋白,例如检测特定细胞、组织或血清中的BAFF表达。抗BAFF抗体可诊断性用于例如监测疾病的显现或进展作为临床测试程序的一部分以例如确定给定治疗和/或预防方案的功效。检测可通过偶合抗BAFF抗体加以促进。可检测物质的实例包括各种酶、辅基、荧光物质、发光物质、生物发光物质、放射性物质、使用各种正电子发射断层摄影术的正电子发射金属、及非放射性顺磁性金属离子。关于可与本发明的适用作诊断剂的抗体结合的金属离子,参见例如美国专利第4,741,900号。
抗BAFF抗体可用于诊断与BAFF相关的病症(例如特征在于BAFF的表达异常的病症)或确定受试者出现与BAFF相关的病症的风险是否增加的方法中。这些方法包括使来自受试者的生物样品与BAFF抗体接触并检测抗体与BAFF的结合。“生物样品”是指自受试者、细胞系、组织培养物或潜在表达BAFF的其它细胞来源获得的任何生物样品。用于自哺乳动物获得组织活检及体液的方法在本领域中为熟知的。
在一些实施方案中,该方法可另外包括比较患者样品中的BAFF含量与对照样品(例如不患有与BAFF相关的病症的受试者)中的BAFF含量,以确定患者是否患有与BAFF相关的病症或处于显现与BAFF相关的病症的风险中。
在一些实施方案中,例如出于诊断性目的,可有利地用可检测部分标记抗体。可使用多种可检测标记,包括放射性同位素、荧光标记、酶底物标记等。可使用多种已知技术使标记与抗体间接缀合。例如,可使抗体与生物素缀合,且可使上文所述三大类标记中的任一种与抗生物素蛋白缀合,或反之亦然。生物素选择性地与抗生物素蛋白结合,且该标记由此可以以该间接方式与抗体缀合。或者,为达成标记与抗体之间接缀合,可使抗体与较小半抗原(例如地高辛(digoxin))缀合且使一种不同类型的上述标记与抗半抗原抗体(例如,抗地高辛抗体)缀合。由此,可达成标记与抗体之间接缀合。
示例性放射性同位素标记包括35S、14C、125I、3H及131I。使用(例如)以下文献中所述的技术可用放射性同位素标记抗体:Current Protocols in Immunology,第1及2卷,1991,Coligen等人编辑,Wiley-Interscience,New York,N.Y.,Pubs。可通过(例如)闪烁计数来测量放射性。
示例性荧光标记包括得自以下的标记:稀土螯合物(铕螯合物)或荧光素及其衍生物、罗丹明(rhodamine)及其衍生物、丹磺酰(dansyl)、丽丝胺(Lissamine)、藻红蛋白及得克萨斯红(Texas Red)。可经由已知技术使荧光标记与抗体缀合,例如Current Protocolsin Immunology(上述文献)中所公开的那些。可使用荧光计来定量测量荧光。
本领域已知多种经充分表征的酶-底物标记(例如参见美国专利第4,275,149号)。酶一般催化发色底物发生可使用各种技术测量的化学改变。例如,改变可为可以以分光光度计法测量的底物颜色变化。或者,酶可改变底物的荧光或化学发光。量化荧光变化的技术如上文所述。化学发光底物可通过化学反应经电子激发,随后可发射可使用(例如)化学发光计测量的光线或向荧光受体提供能量。
酶标记的实例包括萤光素酶(例如萤火虫萤光素酶及细菌萤光素酶,美国专利第4,737,456号)、萤光素、2,3-二氢酞嗪二酮、苹果酸脱氢酶、脲酶、过氧化物酶(例如辣根过氧化物酶(HRPO))、碱性磷酸酶、β-半乳糖苷酶、葡糖淀粉酶、溶菌酶、糖氧化酶(例如葡萄糖氧化酶、半乳糖氧化酶及葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶)、杂环氧化酶(例如尿酸酶及黄嘌呤氧化酶)、乳过氧化物酶、微过氧化物酶等。缀合酶与抗体的技术阐述于(例如)以下文献中:O'Sullivan等人,1981,Methods for the Preparation of Enzyme-Antibody Conjugatesfor use in Enzyme Immunoassay,Methods in Enzym.(J.Langone及H.Van Vunakis编辑),Academic press,N.Y.,73:147-166。
酶-底物组合的实例包括(例如):辣根过氧化物酶(HRPO)与作为底物的过氧化氢酶,其中过氧化氢酶氧化染料前体(例如邻苯二胺(OPD)或3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺盐酸盐(TMB));碱性磷酸酶(AP)与作为发色底物的磷酸对硝基苯酯;及β-D-半乳糖苷酶(β-D-Gal)与发色底物(例如对硝基苯基-β-D-半乳糖苷酶或荧光底物4-甲基伞形酮-β-D-半乳糖苷酶)。
本领域技术人员可了解多种其他酶-底物组合。所述组合的一般综述参见美国专利第4,275,149号及美国专利第4,318,980号。
在另一实施方案中,使用未标记人源化抗BAFF抗体且用结合该人源化抗BAFF抗体的经标记抗体来检测。
本文所述抗体可用于任一已知分析方法中,例如竞争性结合分析、直接及间接夹心(sandwich)分析及免疫沉淀分析。例如,参见Zola,Monoclonal Antibodies:A Manualof Techniques,第147-158页(CRC Press公司,1987)。
抗BAFF抗体或其抗原结合片段可用于抑制BAFF与BAFF受体的结合。这些方法包括向细胞(例如哺乳动物细胞)或细胞环境给予抗BAFF抗体或其抗原结合片段,由此抑制由BAFF受体介导的信号传导。这些方法可在活体外或在活体内进行。“细胞环境”是指组织、培养基或包围细胞的细胞外基质。向细胞的细胞环境给予抗BAFF抗体或其抗原结合片段,以使得该抗体或片段能够与在细胞外部及环绕细胞的BAFF分子结合,从而阻止BAFF与其受体结合。
诊断试剂盒
抗BAFF抗体可用于诊断试剂盒中,即预定量试剂与实施诊断分析的说明书的经包装组合。倘若用酶标记抗体,则试剂盒可包括酶所需底物及辅因子(例如提供可检测发色团或荧光团的底物前体)。另外,可包括其他添加剂,例如稳定剂、缓冲剂(例如封阻缓冲剂或溶胞缓冲剂)等。各种试剂的相对量可大幅变化以使所述试剂在溶液中的浓度可显著优化分析的灵敏度。试剂可以干粉形式(通常经冻干)提供,其包括在溶解后可使试剂溶液具有适宜浓度的赋形剂。
治疗性用途
在另一实施方案中,本文所公开人源化抗BAFF抗体可用于治疗如本文所述各种与BAFF的表达有关的病症。用于治疗与BAFF相关的病症的方法包括向有需要的受试者给予治疗有效量的人源化抗BAFF抗体。
人源化抗BAFF抗体或药物通过任何适宜方式来给予,包括肠胃外、皮下、腹膜内、肺内及鼻内,且若需要局部免疫抑制治疗,则实施病灶内给予(包括灌注或以其他方式使移植物在移植前与抗体接触)。人源化抗BAFF抗体或药物可以(例如)输注或推注形式来给予。肠胃外输注包括肌内、静脉内、动脉内、腹膜内或皮下给予。另外,人源化抗BAFF抗体通过脉冲输注适当给予,尤其是以抗体的递减剂量来给予。在一方面中,通过注射来实施给药,最优选通过静脉内或皮下注射来给药,这部分地取决于给予是短期给予还是长期给予。
在预防或治疗疾病时,抗体的适宜剂量可取决于多种因素,例如如上文所定义欲治疗疾病的类型、疾病的严重程度及病程、给予抗体的目的是预防性还是治疗性、先前治疗、患者临床史及对抗体的反应,以及主治医师的决定。抗体一次性给予或经一系列治疗以适当方式给予患者。
取决于疾病类型及严重程度,不论(例如)通过一或多次分开给予还是通过连续输注来给予,向患者给予的抗体初始候选剂量为约1μg/kg至20mg/kg(例如0.1-15mg/kg)。取决于上文所提及的因素,典型日剂量可介于约1μg/kg至100mg/kg或更高范围内。对于经数天或更长时间重复给予,取决于病况,持续治疗直至疾病症状出现所期望的抑制。然而,可使用其他剂量方案。此疗法的进展可通过常用技术及分析容易地监测。示例性剂量方案公开于WO94/04188中。
本文所用术语“抑制”在与“改善”及“减轻”相同的背景中意指减少疾病的一或多个特征。
可以与良好医疗实践一致的方式对抗体组合物进行调配、配量及给予。在此上下文中需考虑的因素包括所治疗的特定病症、所治疗的特定哺乳动物、个体患者的临床病况、病因、药物的递送位点、给予方法、给予时间安排及从业医师所知的其他因素。欲给予抗体的“治疗有效量”可取决于所述因素,且为预防、改善或治疗与BAFF表达有关的病症所需的最小量。
抗体不必(但任选)与一或多种当前用于预防或治疗所述病症的药物一起调配。所述其他药物的有效量取决于人源化抗BAFF抗体存在于调配物中的量、病症或治疗的类型及上述其他因素。所述其他药物通常以与上文所用相同的剂量及给予途径来使用或为上文所用剂量的约1%至99%。
与BAFF相关的病症
抗BAFF抗体或药物适用于治疗或预防特征在于BAFF表达异常的免疫病症。抗BAFF抗体或其抗原结合片段亦可用于治疗或预防呼吸系统病症、代谢障碍(例如糖尿病)及某些癌症。根据本文所述的方法治疗或预防免疫病症、呼吸系统病症、代谢障碍或癌症,是通过向需要此治疗或预防的受试者给予有效量的抗BAFF抗体或药物,由此抗体使与疾病状态相关的BAFF的活性降低来达成的。
特征为免疫细胞的不当活化且可通过本文所述方法来治疗或预防的免疫疾病可根据(例如)该病症的基础超敏反应的类型来分类。所述反应通常可分为四类:过敏性反应、细胞毒性(细胞溶解性)反应、免疫复合物反应或细胞介导的免疫(CMI)反应(亦称作迟发型超敏(DTH)反应)。(例如,参见Fundamental Immunology(William E.Paul编辑,RavenPress,N.Y.,第3版,1993))。免疫疾病包括炎性疾病及自身免疫疾病。
此类免疫疾病的具体实例包括以下疾病:类风湿性关节炎、自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病(例如,多发性硬化、过敏性脑脊髓炎)、内分泌性眼病、葡萄膜视网膜炎、全身性红斑狼疮、重症肌无力、格雷夫斯氏病(Grave's disease)、肾小球肾炎、自身免疫性血液病、炎性肠病(例如,克罗恩氏病或溃疡性结肠炎)、过敏反应、过敏性反应、斯耶格伦氏综合征、I型糖尿病、原发性胆汁性肝硬化、韦格纳氏肉芽肿病(Wegener's granulomatosis)、纤维肌痛、多发性肌炎、皮肌炎、炎症肌炎、多发性内分泌不足、施密特氏综合征(Schmidt'ssyndrome)、自身免疫性葡萄膜炎、艾迪生氏病、肾上腺炎、甲状腺炎、桥本氏甲状腺炎、自身免疫性甲状腺病、恶性贫血、胃萎缩、慢性肝炎、类狼疮性肝炎、动脉粥样硬化、亚急性皮肤红斑狼疮、甲状旁腺功能减退、德雷斯勒氏综合征(Dressler's syndrome)、自身免疫性血小板减少症、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、溶血性贫血、寻常天疱疮、天疱疮、疱疹样皮炎、斑秃、类天疱疮、硬皮症、进行性全身性硬化症、CREST综合征(钙质沉着症、雷诺现象(Raynaud's phenomenon)、食管活动不良、指端硬化及毛细管扩张)、雄性及雌性自身免疫性不育、强直性脊柱炎、溃疡性结肠炎、混合性结缔组织病、结节性多动脉炎、全身性坏死性血管炎、特应性皮炎、特应性鼻炎、古德帕斯丘氏综合征(Goodpasture's syndrome)、恰加斯氏病(Chagas'disease)、肉样瘤病、风湿热、哮喘、复发性流产、抗磷脂综合征、农民肺(farmer's lung)、多形红斑、心脏切开术后综合征、柯兴综合征(Cushing's syndrome)、自身免疫性慢性活动性肝炎、养鸟人肺、中毒性表皮坏死溶解症、阿尔波特氏综合征(Alport's syndrome)、肺泡炎、过敏性肺泡炎、纤维化肺泡炎、间质性肺病、结节性红斑、坏疽性脓皮病、输血反应、高安动脉炎(Takayasu's arteritis)、风湿性多肌痛、颞动脉炎、血吸虫病、巨细胞动脉炎、蛔虫病、曲霉菌病、阿司匹林三联症(Sampter's syndrome)、湿疹、淋巴瘤样肉芽肿病、贝切特氏病(Behcet's disease)、卡普兰综合征(Caplan's syndrome)、川崎氏病(Kawasaki's disease)、登革热(dengue)、脑脊髓炎、心内膜炎、心内膜心肌纤维化症、眼内炎、持久性隆起性红斑、银屑病、银屑病关节炎、胎儿成红细胞增多症、嗜酸细胞性筋膜炎、输血后紫癜综合征(Shulman's syndrome)、费尔蒂综合征(Felty's syndrome)、丝虫病、睫状体炎、慢性睫状体炎、异色睫状体炎、福克斯睫状体炎(Fuch's cyclitis)、IgA肾病、亨-舍二氏紫癜(Henoch-Schonlein purpura)、移植物抗宿主病、抗中性粒细胞细胞质抗体(ANCA)相关性血管炎、移植排斥、心肌病、肌无力综合征(Eaton-Lambert syndrome)、复发性多软骨炎、冷球蛋白血症、瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症(Waldenstrom'smacroglobulemia)、埃文斯综合征(Evan's syndrome)、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肺炎症、骨质疏松、迟发型超敏反应及自身免疫性性腺衰竭。
在另一方面中,如本文所述的抗BAFF抗体及药物亦适用于治疗BAFF异常表达的癌症。
可通过本文所述的方法治疗的BAFF表达性癌症包括(例如)白血病,例如急性白血病、急性淋巴细胞性白血病、急性髓细胞性白血病(例如,成髓细胞性白血病、前髓细胞性白血病、骨髓单核细胞性白血病、单核细胞性白血病或红白血病)、慢性白血病、慢性髓细胞性(粒细胞性)白血病或慢性淋巴细胞性白血病;真性红细胞增多症;淋巴瘤(例如,霍奇金氏病或非霍奇金氏病);多发性骨髓瘤、瓦尔登斯特伦氏巨球蛋白血症;重链病;实体肿瘤,例如肉瘤及癌瘤(例如,纤维肉瘤、黏液肉瘤、脂肪肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、成骨性肉瘤、骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、血管肉瘤、内皮肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴管内皮肉瘤、滑膜瘤、间皮瘤、尤因氏肿瘤(Ewing's肿瘤)、平滑肌肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、结肠癌、结肠直肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌、腺癌、汗腺癌、皮脂腺癌、乳头状癌、乳头状腺癌、囊腺癌、髓样癌、支气管癌、肾细胞癌、肝癌、胆管癌、绒毛膜癌、精原细胞瘤、胚胎性癌、维尔姆斯氏肿瘤(Wilms'肿瘤)、宫颈癌、子宫癌、睾丸瘤、肺癌、小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、膀胱癌、上皮癌、神经胶质瘤、星形细胞瘤、成神经管细胞瘤、颅咽管瘤、室管膜瘤、松果体瘤、血管母细胞瘤、听神经瘤、少突神经胶质瘤、脑膜瘤(menangioma)、黑色素瘤、神经母细胞瘤、视网膜母细胞瘤、鼻咽癌或食管癌)。
药物组合物及其给药
可将包含BAFF结合剂(例如抗BAFF抗体)的组合物给予患有免疫病症、呼吸系统病症或癌症或处于患有免疫病症、呼吸系统病症或癌症的风险中的受试者。本发明另外提供BAFF结合剂(例如,抗BAFF抗体)在制备用于预防或治疗表达BAFF的癌症或免疫病症的药物中的用途。本文所用术语“受试者”意指可给予BAFF结合剂的任何哺乳动物患者,包括(例如)人及非人哺乳动物,例如灵长类动物、啮齿类动物及狗。明确意欲使用本文所述方法治疗的受试者包括人。在免疫病症或表达BAFF的癌症的预防或治疗中,所述抗体或药物可单独或与其他组份组合给予。可与抗体或药物组合给予的这些组份包括甲胺喋呤(MTX)及免疫调节剂,例如抗体或小分子。
用于这些药物组合物中的抗体的实例为包含轻链可变区氨基酸序列为SEQ IDNO:82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,或97的任一序列的人源化抗体或抗体片段。用于这些药物组合物中的抗体的实例亦为包含重链可变区氨基酸序列为SEQ IDNO:100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114或115的任一序列的人源化抗体或抗体片段。
已知且可使用多种递送系统来给予BAFF结合剂。引入方法包括(但不限于)真皮内、肌内、腹膜内、静脉内、皮下、鼻内、硬膜外及经口途径。BAFF结合剂可通过(例如)输注、推注或注射来给予,且可与例如化学治疗药物等其他生物活性剂一起给予。给予可为全身性或局部给予。在优选实施方案中,通过皮下注射来给予。可在(例如)预填充注射器中制备用于所述注射的调配物,其可每隔一周给予一次。
在具体实施方案中,BAFF结合剂组合物为通过注射、借助导管、借助栓剂或借助植入体来给予,该植入体为有孔、无孔或凝胶状材料,其包括例如硅橡胶膜等膜或纤维。通常,在给予组合物时,使用抗BAFF抗体或药物不能吸附的材料。
在其他实施方案中,抗BAFF抗体或药物以控释系统来递送。在一实施方案中,可使用泵(例如,参见Langer,1990,Science 249:1527-1533;Sefton,1989,CRCCrit.Ref.Biomed.Eng.14:201;Buchwald等人,1980,Surgery 88:507;Saudek等人,1989,N.Engl.J.Med.321:574)。在另一实施方案中,可使用聚合材料。(例如,参见MedicalApplications of Controlled Release(Langer及Wise编辑,CRC Press,Boca Raton,Fla.,1974);Controlled Drug Bioavailability,Drug Product Design andPerformance(Smolen及Ball编辑,Wiley,New York,1984);Ranger及Peppas,1983,Macromol.Sci.Rev.Macromol.Chem.23:61。亦参见Levy等人,1985,Science 228:190;During等人,1989,Ann.Neurol.25:351;Howard等人,1989,J.Neurosurg.71:105)。其他控释系统论述于(例如)Langer(上述文献)中。
BAFF结合剂(例如,抗BAFF抗体)可以包含治疗有效量的结合剂及一或多种药学上相容的成分的药物组合物形式来给予。
在典型实施方案中,根据常规操作将药物组合物调配为适用于静脉内或皮下给予人的药物组合物。通常,注射给予用组合物为存在于无菌等渗水性缓冲液中的溶液。若需要,药物亦可包括增溶剂及局部麻醉剂(例如利诺卡因(lignocaine))以减轻注射位点的疼痛。通常,各成分单独或混合在一起以单位剂型来供应,例如,作为冻干干粉或无水浓缩物存在于例如安瓿或药囊等标明活性剂的量的密封容器中。倘若药物为通过输注来给予,则可将其分配至含有无菌药物级水或盐水的输注瓶中。倘若药物通过注射来给予,则可提供含有注射用无菌水或盐水的安瓿以使得可在给予之前混合各成分。
此外,可以以药物试剂盒形式来提供药物组合物,所述试剂盒包含(a)含有呈冻干形式的BAFF结合剂(例如,抗BAFF抗体)的容器及(b)含有药学上可接受的注射用稀释剂(例如,无菌水)的第二容器。药学上可接受的稀释剂可用于重组或稀释冻干抗BAFF抗体或药物。任选地,该容器可附带有监管药物或生物产品的制备、使用或销售的政府机构所规定形式的公告,该公告显示政府机构已批准用于人给予的制备、使用或销售。
BAFF结合剂(例如,抗BAFF抗体)在治疗或预防免疫病症或表达BAFF的癌症中的有效量可通过标准临床技术来确定。另外,可任选采用活体外分析来帮助确定最佳剂量范围。调配中所用确切剂量亦可取决于给予途径及免疫病症或癌症的阶段,且应根据从业医师的判断及各患者的情况来决定。可根据得自活体外或动物模型测试系统的剂量反应曲线来推断有效剂量。
通常,抗BAFF抗体或BAFF结合剂给予患有免疫病症或表达BAFF的癌症的患者的剂量通常为约0.1mg/kg至约100mg/kg受试者体重。给予受试者的剂量为约0.1mg/kg至约50mg/kg受试者体重、约1mg/kg至约30mg/kg、约1mg/kg至约20mg/kg、约1mg/kg至约15mg/kg、或约1mg/kg至约10mg/kg。
示例性剂量包括(但不限于)1ng/kg至100mg/kg。在一些实施方案中,剂量为约0.5mg/kg、约1mg/kg、约2mg/kg、约3mg/kg、约4mg/kg、约5mg/kg、约6mg/kg、约7mg/kg、约8mg/kg、约9mg/kg、约10mg/kg、约11mg/kg、约12mg/kg、约13mg/kg、约14mg/kg、约15mg/kg或约16mg/kg。该剂量可以例如以下的频率来给予:每日、每周一次(一周一次)、每周两次、每周三次、每周四次、每周五次、每周六次、每两周一次或每月一次、每两个月一次或每三个月一次。在具体实施方案中,剂量为约0.5mg/kg/周、约1mg/kg/周、约2mg/kg/周、约3mg/kg/周、约4mg/kg/周、约5mg/kg/周、约6mg/kg/周、约7mg/kg/周、约8mg/kg/周、约9mg/kg/周、约10mg/kg/周、约11mg/kg/周、约12mg/kg/周、约13mg/kg/周、约14mg/kg/周、约15mg/kg/周或约16mg/kg/周。在一些实施方案中,剂量介于约1mg/kg/周至约15mg/kg/周的范围内。
在一些实施方案中,包含BAFF结合剂的药物组合物还可包含与该结合剂缀合或未缀合的治疗药物。抗BAFF抗体或BAFF结合剂可与一或多种用于治疗或预防免疫病症或癌症的治疗药物组合共同给予。
该组合疗法给予可对疾病参数(例如,症状严重度、症状数或复发频率)产生累加或协同效应。
对于组合给予的治疗方案,在一具体实施方案中,将抗BAFF抗体或BAFF结合剂与治疗药物同时给予。在另一具体实施方案中,在给予抗BAFF抗体或BAFF结合剂之前或之后给予治疗药物,即在给予抗BAFF抗体或BAFF结合剂之前或之后至少一小时且最长数月、例如至少一小时、5小时、12小时、1天、1周、1个月或3个月给予治疗药物。
制品
在另一方面中,包括含有可用于治疗上述病症的材料的制品。该制品包含容器及标记。适宜容器包括(例如)瓶子、小瓶、注射器及试管。容器可自例如玻璃或塑料等多种材料形成。容器容纳可有效治疗病况的组合物且可具有无菌出入口。例如,容器可为静脉内溶液袋或具有皮下注射针可刺入塞子的小瓶。组合物中的活性药物为人源化抗BAFF抗体。容器上或与容器相连的标记指示,该组合物为用于治疗所选病况。制品还可包含第二容器,该第二容器包含药学上可接受的缓冲液,例如磷酸盐缓冲盐水、林格氏溶液(Ringer'ssolution)及右旋糖溶液。其还可包括根据商业及用户角度考虑所期望的其他材料,包括其他缓冲液、稀释剂、滤器、针、注射器及写有使用说明的包装说明书。
本发明进一步在下列实施例中加以描述,所述实施例不意欲限制本发明范畴。
实施例
实施例1:小鼠抗体的生成
本发明的前导小鼠抗体源自小鼠杂交瘤。使多种小鼠株免疫化多次,至多6个月。使用本领域包含的适当的技术进行小鼠的免疫化。例如,为了得到特异性的免疫原性应答,使用包括人BAFF融合蛋白抗原免疫的多种版本的重组可溶性人BAFF蛋白(氨基酸72-285)。此外,使用经转染以使人BAFF表达于细胞表面的小鼠细胞系使一些小鼠免疫。包含佐剂的免疫原性抗原的制备以及免疫途径,也可使用本领域已知的适当技术。满足血清结合滴定的充分条件,且使用业内已建立的多种方法将小鼠淋巴细胞融合至小鼠骨髓瘤细胞。进行杂交瘤的筛选以获得高亲和力和特异性抗体。
实施例2:人源化抗BAFF Fab的生成
将小鼠前导抗体13J018和235F5转化为分别由小鼠可变域1A4和5B9和人恒定IgG1KO域组成的嵌合抗体。小鼠抗体1A4和5B9示于上表3和表4。IgG1KO(KO即knock out,剔除)具有两个置换突变(Leu234Ala及Leu235Ala),所述突变通过降低效应功能,例如FcγR及补体结合而消除ADCC及CDC活性。小鼠抗体的可变域与嵌合抗体的可变域相同。产生嵌合抗体以确认抗体的功能且确保获得正确序列。一旦识别了正确序列,使用所述小鼠可变域来生成嵌合体Fab,其中小鼠Vk和Vh残基分别与人Ck和Ch1残基同框。将这些嵌合体Fab用作基准分子,以在筛选操作中筛选人源化Fab。接着经由设计及筛选方法使小鼠可变区(Vk和Vh)人源化。以任何给定位置中可为人或小鼠残基的方式制备人及小鼠残基变化的文库。对于在人种系与小鼠抗体之间不同的那些氨基酸,制备此类文库。使用嵌合Fab,仅选择保留亲本小鼠抗体的功能的纯系。抗体1A4(13J018)和5B9(235F5)的代表性人源化可变区示于表5及表6中。
实施例3:重组可溶性三聚人BAFF蛋白的生成
通过标准的基于脂质的转染,短暂地在HEK293-6E细胞中表达N-末端His-标记的人BAFF(72-285)(SEQ ID:398)。转染后96小时将细胞沉淀,并通过抗6xHis西方墨点法验证上清液中蛋白的表达("6xHis"作为SEQ ID NO:407而公开)。使用Ni-琼脂糖亲和力色谱完成上清液纯化。用His-标记的弗林蛋白酶将纯化的His-BAFF裂解,以生成C-末端片段(氨基酸134-285,SEQ ID:399)。为从样品中移除弗林并裂解N-末端片段物质,使总蛋白样品通过Ni/NTA滴注柱,并收集流份。通过尺寸排阻使经弗林裂解的huBAFF精制(polished)。通过分析型超速离心分析确定三聚状态。
His-标记的人BAFF(72-285)的序列:
HHHHHHENLYFQGLQGDLASLRAELQGHHAEKLPAGAGAPKAGLEEAPAVTAGLKIFEPPAPGEGNSSQNSRNKRAVQGPEETVTQDCLQLIADSETPTIQKGSYTFVPWLLSFKRGSALEEKENKILVKETGYFFIYGQVLYTDKTYAMGHLIQRKKVHVFGDELSLVTLFRCIQNMPETLPNNSCYSAGIAKLEEGDELQLAIPRENAQISLDGDVTFFGALKLL(SEQ ID NO:399)
经弗林裂解的人BAFF(134-285)的序列:
AVQGPEETVTQDCLQLIADSETPTIQKGSYTFVPWLLSFKRGSALEEKENKILVKETGYFFIYGVLYTDKTYAMGHLIQRKKVHVFGDELSLVTLFRCIQNMPETLPNNSCYSAGIAKLEEGDELQLAIPRENAQISLDGDVTFFGALKLL(SFQ ID NO:400)
实施例4:抗BAFF抗体的结合和亲和力数据(参见表7和8)
使用表面等离子共振评价表观结合亲和力,其中在蛋白A/G表面上以不同表面密度捕获抗体。使不同浓度的可溶性三聚BAFF流经所捕获的抗体。使用1:1Langmuir模型自所有表面密度的完全拟合(global fit)获得动态值,报道于表7和8中。使用临床参比抗体(参比1包含SEQ ID NO:98和116,且参比2包含SEQ ID NO:99和117)来比较。
表7.抗BAFF抗体的功能性抑制和亲和力确定
*ND:未确定
**在检测限
表8.抗BAFF抗体的功能性抑制和亲和力确定
*ND:未确定
实施例5:抗体对可溶性三聚人BAFF的功能性抑制(参见表7和8,以及图1)
分析了抗体对于人BAFF受体(BAFFR)的可溶性三聚人BAFF活化的中和能力。在分析介质中将固定浓度(52pM)的三聚BAFF与表达重组人BAFFR和萤光素酶报告基因系统的CHO细胞混合,并在37℃、5%CO2在多个剂量的抗BAFF抗体的存在下刺激24小时。在培养结束时分析萤光素酶表达,以定量测定所达到的中和水平。自抑制萤光素酶的抗体剂量滴定曲线的结果,确定IC50和IC90值。将临床参比抗体(参比1和参比2)用于比较。
实施例6:重组可溶性60-mer人BAFF蛋白的生成
使用基于慢病毒的技术自Clontech(pLVX-IRES-ZsGreen)制备表达具有N-末端His-标记人BAFF(134-285)(SEQ ID:401)的稳定的HEK293F细胞。使用Clontech的标准方案生成慢病毒系,并通过分选表达绿荧光蛋白的细胞来富集高表达的细胞。培育表达BAFF(134-285)的HEK293F细胞96小时,然后将细胞沉淀,并通过抗6xHis西方墨点法验证上清液的表达("6xHis"作为SEQ ID NO:407而公开)。使用Ni-琼脂糖亲和力色谱作为第一步来完成上清液纯化。使用Sephacryl S-400树脂的尺寸排阻色谱精制亲和力纯化的BAFF(134-285)。60-mer BAFF为主要洗脱峰,将其从较大聚集物和小分子量物质中分离出来。60-merBAFF的分子量通过分析型超速离心和SEC-多角激光散射检测系统来确定。
His-HuBAFF(134-285)的序列:
HHHHHHENLYFQGAVQGPEETVTQDCLQLIADSETPTIQKGSYTFVPWLLSFKRGSALEEKENKILVKETGYFFIYGVLYTDKTYAMGHLIQRKKVHVFGDELSLVTLFRCIQNMPETLPNNSCYSAGIAKLEEGDELQLAIPRENAQISLDGDVTFFGALKLL(SEQ ID NO:401)
实施例7:抗体功能性抑制可溶性60-mer人BAFF(参见表7和8)
分析抗体对人BAFF受体(BAFFR)的可溶性60-mer人BAFF活化的中和能力。在分析介质中将固定浓度的60-mer(4.2pM)BAFF与表达重组人BAFFR和萤光素酶报告基因系统的CHO细胞混合,并在37℃、5%CO2在多个剂量的抗BAFF抗体的存在下刺激24小时。在培养结束时分析萤光素酶表达,以定量测定所达到的中和水平。自抑制萤光素酶的抗体剂量滴定曲线的结果,确定IC50和IC90值。将临床参比抗体(参比1和参比2)用于比较。
实施例8:抗体功能性抑制mbBAFF(参见表7和8,以及图2)
测定抗体对人BAFF受体(BAFFR)的膜结合型BAFF(mbBAFF)活化的中和能力。简言之,制备表达重组人全长BAFF序列的中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞,将其用作细胞相关(mbBAFF)BAFF的来源。在室温将mbBAFF-CHO固定于多聚甲醛(paraformaldehyde)中1小时,伴有间歇搅拌。洗涤所固定的细胞,并重新混悬于完全介质中于37C和5%CO2过夜。次日,在分析介质中将所固定的mbBAFF细胞以1:3的比例与表达重组人BAFFR和萤光素酶报告基因系统的CHO细胞混合,并在37℃、5%CO2在多个剂量的抗BAFF抗体的存在下刺激24小时。在培养结束时分析萤光素酶表达,以定量测定所达到的中和水平。自抑制萤光素酶的抗体剂量滴定曲线的结果,确定IC50和IC90值。将临床参比抗体(参比1和参比2)用于比较。
BAFF可以以三种形式存在:膜结合型(mbBAFF)、可溶性三聚BAFF和可溶性60-merBAFF。在正常和疾病生理学中,并没有很好地了解所述多种形式BAFF的相对重要性。在先前的研究中,可溶性BAFF被视为单独的实体(Manetta等人,Journal of InflammationResearch,2014:7,121-131)。在本发明中,明确地生成了可溶性三聚体、60-mer人BAFF蛋白以及人mbBAFF,且确认了它们的多聚状态。在功能性分析中,本文所述的新的抗BAFF抗体显示了与两种参比抗体(参比1和参比2)不同的性质:对于人BAFF受体(BAFFR)的可溶性三聚人BAFF,可溶性60-mer人BAFF和膜结合型人BAFF活化的中和能力。
实施例9:抗体的表位定位(Epitope mapping)
使用氢/氘交换质谱(HXMS)来定位包含小鼠可变区(表1和表2)的IgG抗体与人BAFF(后续氨基酸位置134-285,肿瘤坏死作用物配体超家族成员13b,可溶性形式)结合的表位。此方法测定BAFF的酰胺框架氢与D2O交换的易发性。实验用单独的BAFF以及添加有抗体(含氘)的BAFF进行。由此鉴定BAFF序列中显示因抗体的结合而显著地受保护免于交换的区域。方法的分辨率取决于用胃蛋白酶消化所产生的肽。通过采用标准准确质量及HPLCMS/MS技术用未交换样品进行其它对照实验来鉴定这些源于BAFF的肽。
使用重组人类BAFF(SEQ ID NO:401)。对于蛋白+抗体样品,将等摩尔量的BAFF(0.48mg/mL)和抗体一起在室温培育15分钟。使用LEAP HDX-PAL处理所有样品。使用LEAP机器人系统(交换盘保持在25℃,样品/淬灭盘保持在4℃),将8μL样品加入80μL交换缓冲液中(10mM NaH2PO4于D2O中,pH=7.4;或10mM NaH2PO4于H2O中,pH=7.4),混合并允许交换多次(60、120和240秒)。将80μL该溶液转移到80μL淬灭缓冲液中(4M胍-HCL,0.5M TCEP-HCl),混合并在4℃保持60秒。然后将60μL该溶液注入并流经胃蛋白酶柱(2.1mm x 30mm,AppliedBiosystems),并流入Michrom C18阱柱(trap cartridge)。以100μL/min用H2O+0.1%甲酸洗涤该阱柱2分钟。然后将阀门切换,该阱柱流向Phenomenex Jupiter C5柱,1.0x 50mm,5um,300A。流动相A为水/乙腈/甲酸(99/1/0.1),且流动相B为乙腈/水/甲酸(95/5/0.1)。流速为100ul/min。梯度:0分钟(0%B),6分钟(40%B),7分钟(40%B),8分钟(90%B),10分钟(90%B),11分钟(0%B)。LEAP系统预冷却流动相至约4℃。用Thermo Orbitrap Velos(0900865)进行质谱(MS)。对于MS实验(用于定量测定与D2O缓冲液的交换),自300至2000以60,000的分辨率采用单一扫描方法扫描14分钟。对于MS/MS实验(用于鉴定H2O交换缓冲液的多肽),采用7次扫描的方法进行14分钟。首次扫描为全范围扫描,范围为300-2000,分辨率为60,000。后续扫描为CID扫描,针对首次扫描的6个最强离子。分离宽度为1.5amu,撞击能为35V,活化时间为30毫秒。
使用程序Proteome Discoverer 1.3(Thermo Scientific)分析MS/MS数据。简言之,该程序使用前体离子的精确分子量和产物离子的片段化数据,以匹配蛋白序列的区域。从这一分析可鉴定由胃蛋白酶产生的肽。用公司内部程序BI-SHAFT分析MS数据。简言之,输入胃蛋白酶肽清单及它们的电荷状态和保留时间,以及蛋白序列。然后该程序搜索与精确分子量标准相符的数据,并计算同位素分布的平均分子量。检查该数据以鉴定误差以及在何处产生误差,必要时采用微软Excel进行手动计算。通过比较对照数据(仅有蛋白)与实验数据(蛋白与抗体)来鉴定保护的区域。保护的区域预示着结合。
BAFF序列中显示因抗体(轻链/重链包含SEQ ID NO:49/67,57/75,41/58,43/61,45/63,47/65,51/69和53/71)的结合而显著地受保护免于交换的区域,鉴定为氨基酸残基17至31(SEQ ID NO:403),68至90(SEQ ID NO:404),126至137(SEQ ID NO:405)和137至145(SEQ ID NO:406)。
表9.表位定位序列
*重组人BAFF的N’蛋氨酸未计入位置编号。
Claims (13)
1.抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含含有如SEQ ID NO: 5的序列所示的CDR1、如SEQ ID NO: 8的序列所示的CDR2和如SEQ ID NO: 9的序列所示的CDR3的轻链可变域,和含有如SEQ IDNO: 28的序列所示的CDR1、如SEQ ID NO: 29的序列所示的CDR2和如SEQ ID NO: 30的序列所示的CDR3的重链可变域。
2. 抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含如SEQ ID NO: 93的序列所示的轻链可变域和如SEQ IDNO: 114的序列所示的重链可变域。
3. 权利要求1的抗BAFF抗体分子,其中所述抗BAFF抗体分子中和全部三种形式的人BAFF,所述形式包括膜结合型BAFF、可溶性三聚BAFF和可溶性60-mer BAFF。
4.权利要求1的抗BAFF抗体分子,其中所述抗BAFF抗体分子中和人可溶性三聚BAFF。
5.权利要求1的抗BAFF抗体分子,其中所述抗BAFF抗体分子中和人膜结合型BAFF。
6. 权利要求1的抗BAFF抗体分子,其中所述抗BAFF抗体分子中和人可溶性60-merBAFF。
7. 权利要求1的抗BAFF抗体分子,其包含:
a) 人源化轻链可变域,其包含如以下序列所示的CDR:SEQ ID NO:5、8和9,以及氨基酸序列与如SEQ ID NO:93的序列所示的可变域轻链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致的框架区;和
b) 人源化重链可变域,其包含如以下序列所示的CDR:SEQ ID NO:28、29和30,以及氨基酸序列与如SEQ ID NO:114的序列所示的可变域重链氨基酸序列的框架区氨基酸序列至少90%一致的框架区。
8.权利要求1的抗BAFF抗体分子,其中所述抗体为单克隆抗体。
9.权利要求8的抗BAFF抗体分子,其中所述单克隆抗体为人源化单克隆抗体。
10.药物组合物,其包含权利要求1的抗BAFF抗体分子和药学上可接受的载体。
11.权利要求1的抗BAFF抗体分子在制备用于抑制BAFF结合至一或多种哺乳动物细胞BAFF受体的试剂中的用途,其中所述BAFF受体为BR3,跨膜激活剂和钙调节剂和亲环素配体相互作用分子和/或B-细胞成熟抗原。
12. 分离的多核苷酸,其包含编码如SEQ ID NO:93的序列所示的轻链可变区,和如SEQID NO:114的序列所示的重链可变区的序列。
13. 权利要求12的分离的多核苷酸,其中轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:394且重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:398。
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AU2015315834A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
IL246113A0 (en) | 2016-07-31 |
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US20190309034A1 (en) | 2019-10-10 |
EA033604B1 (ru) | 2019-11-08 |
EA201691541A1 (ru) | 2016-12-30 |
US20150218267A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
JP2017505622A (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
US11370818B2 (en) | 2022-06-28 |
EP3099715B1 (en) | 2020-11-18 |
EP3099715A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
IL246113B (en) | 2019-06-30 |
WO2016039801A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
MX367661B (es) | 2019-08-30 |
IL266864A (en) | 2019-07-31 |
CN105873949A (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
KR20160113715A (ko) | 2016-09-30 |
CL2016001742A1 (es) | 2017-07-28 |
US9840543B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 |
PH12016501366A1 (en) | 2016-08-15 |
CA2934965A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
BR112016014731A2 (pt) | 2017-09-19 |
AU2015315834B2 (en) | 2019-12-12 |
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