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CN105864802A - Treatment method of dioxin air pollutants in scrap copper smelting smoke - Google Patents

Treatment method of dioxin air pollutants in scrap copper smelting smoke Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105864802A
CN105864802A CN201610195302.8A CN201610195302A CN105864802A CN 105864802 A CN105864802 A CN 105864802A CN 201610195302 A CN201610195302 A CN 201610195302A CN 105864802 A CN105864802 A CN 105864802A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
heat
heat pipe
combustion furnace
copper scap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201610195302.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105864802B (en
Inventor
王春雨
吕庆淮
王银川
吕瑞新
王志信
都立珍
王超
崔宾宾
张德杰
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SHANDONG JINSHENG NON-FERROUS GROUP Co Ltd
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SHANDONG JINSHENG NON-FERROUS GROUP Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/023—Pockets filters, i.e. multiple bag filters mounted on a common frame
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/103—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of more than two coaxial conduits or modules of more than two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/12—Methods and means for introducing reactants
    • B01D2259/124—Liquid reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
    • F23J2215/301—Dioxins; Furans
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a treatment method of dioxin air pollutants in scrap copper smelting smoke and belongs to waste heat utilization and waste gas treatment methods. The treatment method of the dioxin air pollutants in the scrap copper smelting smoke is characterized in that a treatment device is composed of a primary intensified combustion furnace (1), a secondary intensified combustion furnace (2), a silicon nitride porous ceramic filter (3), a counterflow heat exchange waste heat boiler (4), a combined type heat pipe exchanger (5), a bag dust collector (6), a desulfurization system (7), an active carbon adsorption tower (8) and an induced draft fan (9), and the primary intensified combustion furnace (1), the secondary intensified combustion furnace (2), the silicon nitride porous ceramic filter (3), the counterflow heat exchange waste heat boiler (4), the combined type heat pipe exchanger (5), the bag dust collector (6), the desulfurization system (7), the active carbon adsorption tower (8) and the induced draft fan (9) are connected in sequence; by the adoption of the treatment method of the dioxin air pollutants in the scrap copper smelting smoke, the waste heat recovery efficiency is high, and the (dioxins) air pollutants generated in the scrap copper smelting process can be effectively treated. In treated exhaust tail gas, the item indexes of all air pollutants are lower than the values specified in table 3 of GB 31574-2015. The emission of the dioxin air pollutants is smaller than or equal to 0.1 ngTEQ/m<3>. The recovery rate of smoke waste heat is equal to or higher than 95%.

Description

The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in copper scap melting flue gas
Technical field
The present invention is the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in a kind of copper scap melting flue gas.Belong to UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN Method with exhaust-gas treatment.
Background technology
Copper is the one of non-ferrous metal, is one of metal of utilizing the earliest of the mankind.Owing to copper metal has good conduction Property, the good characteristic such as conductivity of heat, ductility and intensity is high and corrosion resistance is good, purposes widely, its apparent consumption It is only second to ferrum and aluminum, occupies metal consumption the 3rd.Copper and copper alloy, in the national economic development, take critical role.In building In engineering, transportation, machine-building, electric power transmission, electronic apparatus, auto industry, national defense industry, aerospace industries, it is Indispensable important meals material.
Copper ore resource is rare precious resources.And, the demand of the sustainable development of economy can not be met far away.Again Pig copper industry, while making up copper ore resource deficiency, the copper scap producing write-off equipment recycles, at circulation warp Ji and sustainable development are played an important role, and by long-term existence and development.For saving copper resource, protection environment has weight Want meaning.
Data show, the most in the world the copper about 16,000,000 tons of annual production and consumption.Wherein, reclaimed copper about 5,000,000 Ton, shared ratio nearly 1/3rd.Copper has the recuperability of 100%, without any performance loss in repeatedly recycling. According to statistics, since 20th century in the copper metal of exploitation, 2/3 has been had to use till today.
The production of reclaimed copper and application, be possible not only to save valuable natural mineral products copper resource, increase the supply of copper, with copper The exploitation in ore deposit is smelted (Primary Production) and is compared, and can reduce the discharge of atmosphere pollution.And, the regeneration melting (secondary of copper scap Producing) smelting of relatively Primary Production can save the energy of 85%.
A source part for copper scap is the copper part in scrap item and copper-bearing materials, the oldest copper scrap.As: copper adds During work produce waste product and after scrapping produce scrap electrical wires cable, abandoned car parts and electronic and electrical equipment, contain Copper junk, useless bearing, motor copper and waste and old transformator etc..Another part is new copper scrap, produces during coming from Copper fabrication Leftover bits.
By sorting the copper scap collected, part copper scap can be used directly again, and remaining is by pre-place After reason, smelting reprocessing, produce so-called reclaimed copper.The production of reclaimed copper is divided into directly utilizing and indirect utilization two of copper scrap Kind；Directly utilize to refer to be smelted directly into copper scap of a relatively high for copper content and meet the different trades mark that industrial application requires Copper alloy or essence copper；Indirect utilization is first through pyrometallurgical smelting and be cast into positive plate by copper scap, then through electrolytic refining is Cathode copper or title tough cathode.
Along with the fast development of global industry, the range of application of metallic copper constantly expands., each industry manufacturing sector and difference The kind of copper scap that user produces ,/physical aspect and, chemical composition all creates great changes.Such as: the waste and old electricity scrapped Line cable, abandoned car parts, electric equipment products wiring board, useless bearing, motor copper and waste and old transformator etc..These cuprics give up The macromolecular organic compounds such as the plastics that are mingled with in gurry, rubber, coating, adhesive, fire retardant, greasy dirt, together with copper scap one Play entrance smelting furnace.These organic field trashes, in copper scap fusion process, imperfect combustion, two English classes will be produced Dioxins pollutant.
Therefore, in copper scap fusion process, volume of smoke can be produced, containing a large amount of metals and oxide thereof in flue dust Grain.Above-mentioned copper scap organic field trash imperfect combustion, can produce two English class dioxins pollutant, be carried by flue dust, if not Through effectively processing, enter air, will be very big to environment and human health risk.
Two English PCDDs are the parts in 2000 Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs, are in nature burning and commercial production The persistence organic pollutant UPPOP unintentionally generateds.Two English are coupled 2 replaced by chlorine by 2 or 1 oxygen atom The tricyclic aromatic organic compound of phenyl ring composition.Including many chloros dibenzo two English PCDDs and polychlorinated dibenzofurans This two classes thrcylic aromatic hydrocarbon compound of PCDFs, in molecular structure, the replacement number of chlorine atom is 1～8.Replacement number according to chlorine And the difference of position, this compounds has 210 kinds of homologues and isomer in theory, and wherein PCDDs is for 75 kinds, and PCDFs is common 135 kinds.It addition, many halogen biphenyl (such as Polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs, PBBs PBBs), many halogen Biphenyl Ether are (such as polychlorinated diphenyl ether PCDEs, PBDE PBDEs), two English (such as PBDDs, PBDFs) of naphthalene chloride PCNs and bromo etc., due to them With the similarity of two English in terms of chemical constitution, chemical property and toxicologic properties, so being collectively referred to as again two English classes Compound (Dioxin-like compounds).
Two English (dioxins) non-artificial production, does not has any purposes.It is when organic compound burns mostly, carbon Hydrogen compound and the chloropexia on methyl chloride, produce through series of complex chemical reaction.Such as:
1.. nature produces
The forest fire of nature, volcanic eruption；The biochemical action of microorganism and photochemical action；Biological or even the mankind's is new Old metabolism produces.
2.. artificial combustion process
Metal smelt, waste incineration, courage electrical appliance waste burn.Family's heating, culinary art, fuel oil, combustion gas aircraft, vapour Car, steamer run.
3.. chemical manufacturing process
The manufacture of chlorine-containing compound is as containing chloro pesticide, insecticide, disinfectant, bleach
4.. industrial combustion
Fossil fuel boiler combustion, Industrial Stoves burn such as silicate industry kiln etc..
Two English class atmosphere pollutions, very low dose will produce illeffects to organism.Have acute fatal toxicity, High carcinogenic, teratogenesis, mutagenesis, endocrine disrupting and the harm such as reproduction and development toxicity.And, two English are difficult to drop Solve, can accumulate in vivo, enter environment by extended residual.It is the pollutant that the persistent period is extremely grown in the environment.Therefore, two The toxicity of English is extremely strong, for the mankind I class carcinogen.
In view of the above, the improvement of two English class (dioxins) atmosphere pollutions that copper scap melting industry produces and control, Most important with environmental conservation for human health.
In copper scap refining process, the heat that flue gas is taken away accounts for more than half of metal smelt total energy consumption.Therefore, useless The waste heat carried in composition brass melting flue gas is valuable heat resource.Recycled, for the saving energy, be there is important meaning Justice.
In prior art, in copper scap melting flue gas there is following deficiency in the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions Place:
1., in copper scap fusion process, due to the control of smelting technology condition, material homogenizing degree is not good enough, causes copper scap In the dioxins carried secretly fail to be decomposed completely, cause dioxins to enter flue gas；More seriously The chlorinated organics carried secretly in copper scap fails to be fully burned, and causes producing in a large number two English such as chlorophenol, Polychlorinated biphenyls Predecessor, is carried along into smoke processing system by flue dust；
2. in smoke processing system, residual heat boiler for exchanging heat, spray washing, cooling, bag collection etc. science and engineering skill, process Time length, operation temperature fall in the 250～680 DEG C of temperature ranges easily generating two English.For the predecessor in flue gas 250～ 500 DEG C synthesize two English, and chlorophenol, chlorophenol group, various Organic substance and organic group are harmonious 580～680 DEG C of High Temperature Gas Cheng Erying provides condition.Cause the resynthesis of two English pollutants, considerably increase two English class air in flue gas Pollutant.
3. carrying a large amount of dust in the flue gas that copper scap smelting furnace is discharged, the chlorinated organics carried secretly in copper scap fails To fully burning, two English predecessors of generation, adsorbed by flue dust, and in the conveying and processing procedure of flue gas, by copper, ferrum Under catalytic action etc. transition metal and oxide thereof, generate two English pollutants further.
4. it is to avoid the low temperature synthesis zone of two English resynthesis, only utilizes the heat of flue gas more than 500 DEG C.Cause heat energy Waste.
One not only waste heat recovery efficiency is high, and can be in copper scap fusion process, two English classes of generation (dioxins) atmosphere pollution, the process side of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas effectively administered Method is that people are expected.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to avoid above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, and provide one not only waste heat recovery to imitate Rate is high, and can be in copper scap fusion process, and two English class (dioxins) atmosphere pollutions of generation have The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas that effect is administered.
The purpose of the present invention can be reached by following measure:
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, it is characterised in that process dress Putting the equipment connected by order below to constitute: primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1, secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2, porous SiN ceramic filters Device 3, countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4, combined heat pipe exchanger 5), bag dust collector 6, desulphurization system 7, activated carbon adsorber 8 With air-introduced machine 9；
The treating method comprises following steps:
1.. flue gas overheavy firing
From the flue gas of copper scap smelting furnace, initially enter primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1, subsequently into secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 overheavy firings；The combustable organic thing carried in flue gas is made to continue fully burning；Meanwhile, two produced in fusion process English compounds (Dioxin-like compounds) and predecessor are thermally decomposed；
2.. filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation
Flue gas after step 1. overheavy firing enters porous SiN ceramic filter 3, and dust removal by filtration purifies；Flue dust Dioxins (Dioxin-like compounds) and the predecessor overwhelming majority of grain absorption are trapped；
3.. waste heat boiler energy recovery
Flue gas after step 2. dust removal by filtration purifies, enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4, changes with working medium adverse current in boiler Heat, the high temperature heat carried passes to boiler working substance；Flue gas own temperature is reduced to≤700 DEG C, it is achieved waste heat one-level is returned Receive；
4.. flue gas combined formula heat exchange of heat pipe is drastically lowered the temperature
From step, 3. flue gas after waste heat boiler 4 reclaims heat energy enters combined heat pipe exchanger 5) evaporator section i.e. Heating section and the liquid refrigerant heat exchange in heat pipe, the thermal energy conduction carried by flue gas is to the liquid refrigerant in heat pipe；In heat pipe Liquid refrigerant is by thermal evaporation, and the gaseous working medium of generation, by pressure reduction small in heat pipe space, through middle span line, flows to cold Solidifying section；At condensation segment, low-temperature receiver (fluid outside heat pipe) release latent heat is condensed by gaseous working medium, and the liquid refrigerant of condensation leans on imbibition The capillarity of core, flow back into again evaporator section, continues to repeat said process；So go round and begin again, the heat energy that flue gas is carried It is conducted to the cold working medium of entrance of waste heat boiler 4, is used for improving waste heat boiler inflow temperature；Or add hot-air, melt for copper scap Furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and the inlet temperature of secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2；Or output hot blast, hot water are sent outside, for other User uses；Meanwhile, in 2 seconds, flue gas own temperature is reduced to less than 200 DEG C, and continue to be cooled to 90 DEG C with Under, flow out combined heat pipe exchanger 5)；Flue gas is drastically lowered the temperature, and realizes fume afterheat secondary recovery simultaneously；
5.. filter bag dedusting
From step 4. combined heat pipe exchanger 5) flue gas enter bag dust collector 6 filter, remove smoke abatement further；
6.. desulfurization
From step, 5. flue gas after bag dust collector 6 dust removal by filtration enters desulphurization system 7, removing sulfide and its Its acid gas contaminants, such as H2S、NOx、CO、CO2、HCl；
7.. activated carbon adsorption
From step, 6. flue gas after desulfurization enters activated carbon adsorber 8, through activated carbon adsorption, removes copper scap melting Various atmosphere pollutions in flue gas, up to standard after, discharge through air-introduced machine 9.
In the processing method of the present invention, flue gas overheavy firing, filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation and the combined formula of flue gas Heat exchange of heat pipe is drastically lowered the temperature, and is all the technical characteristic that the task of completing the present invention is made outstanding contributions.
From the flue gas of copper scap smelting furnace, initially enter primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1, subsequently into secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 overheavy firings；Improve the temperature of flue gas, add fume high-temperature burning time, make the combustable organic thing in melting flue gas exist Fully burn under high temperature.Meanwhile, in fusion process produce dioxins (Dioxin-like compounds) and Chlorophenol, Polychlorinated biphenyls etc. two the predecessor of English thermally decomposed；From source, decrease dust in flue gas and carry The quantity of organic pollution.Thus significantly reduce the load of flue gas post processing.
Filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation so that the dioxins (Dioxin-like of soot dust granule absorption And predecessor major part is trapped compounds)；Avoid the chlorinated organics carried secretly in copper scap to fail fully to be fired Burn, two English predecessors of generation, adsorbed by flue dust, and in the conveying and processing procedure of flue gas, by the excessively gold such as copper, ferrum Belong to and under the catalytic action of oxide, generate two English pollutants further.Effectively reduce in subsequent processes In, two English precursor synthesis two English pollutants and High Temperature Gas are combined to the probability of two English.Also reduce low temperature simultaneously The load of dedusting.
Leave the flue gas of waste heat boiler, flow through combined heat pipe exchanger, drastically lower the temperature.Will within the time of≤2 seconds Flue gas own temperature is reduced to less than 200 DEG C from 700 DEG C.Two English predecessor resynthesis two English pollutants are quickly crossed Temperature range, thus avoid the regeneration of two English pollutants.
Heat pipe is the product of space technology development, and in recent years, along with the most ripe of hot pipe technique research is with deeply, it should By focus also from spatial spread to ground.Heat pipe is dependent on therein hydraulic fluid phase transformation and realizes the efficient heat transfer unit of heat transfer Part, substantial amounts of heat can be transmitted at a distance by the least internal cross-sectional passage and without additionaling power.Heat pipe has very High heat conductivity, excellent isothermal, heat flow density transmutability, the reversibility of direction of heat flow, thermal diode and thermal switch, perseverance Temperature characteristics and the extensive adaptability to environment.The present inventor, is used for the flue-gas temperature of the present invention by heat exchange of heat pipe Drastically lower the temperature, reached the purpose of anticipation.
The purpose of the present invention can also be reached by following measure:
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, the one-level that step is 1. described Overheavy firing stove 1 and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 use pipe-type burner, configure automatic control system, for fuel flow rate, sky Throughput automatically controls, it is ensured that temperature >=1000 DEG C in burner.
It it is preferred water-supply scheme.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, 1. described two grades of step Overheavy firing stove 2 is additionally provided with electronic striking and controls switch, it is achieved fuel oil or the automatic ignition of fuel gas, it is ensured that when in flue gas After CO reaches to set concentration.I.e. ignition.
It it is a preferred water-supply scheme.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, the step 2. middle nitrogen used SiClx porous ceramic filter 3, selects the silicon nitride foam ceramic material of silicon nitride, aluminium oxide and yittrium oxide composition to manufacture.Three The mass percent of person consists of silicon nitride: aluminium oxide: yittrium oxide=90:2:8.
It it is preferred technical scheme.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, step 3. described in inverse Stream heat exchange waste heat boiler 4 flue gas and boiler afterheat reclaim the heat exchange between working medium and use double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method, or three Bushing type countercurrent heat exchange method；Wherein:
Described double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method, heat-exchanger rig is combined by the two straight tube suit configurations that several diameters are different Constituting, flue gas walks central canal, and waste heat recovery working medium walks annular space pipe, and the two flow direction is contrary, it is achieved countercurrent flow；
Three described bushing type countercurrent heat exchange methods, heat-exchanger rig is made up of the three straight tube suit configurations that diameter is different, cigarette Making central canal and outer annular space leave with rage, waste heat recovery working medium walks interior annular space pipe, and the two flow direction is contrary, it is achieved countercurrent flow.
It it is preferred technical scheme.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, step 4. described in group The combined heat pipe exchanger that box-like heat exchange of heat pipe 5 is made up of the heat pipe being filled with different working medium in pipe.It it is preferred technology Scheme.
Whole combined heat pipe exchanger is divided into high-temperature hot area under control, moderate temperature heat pipe district and Low Temperature Thermal area under control.Operating temperature by High to Low, select optimum at the heat pipe of this regional work according to the physical property of different operating medium and transmission factor N, and utilize heat The heat flow density tunable characteristic of pipe, operating temperature in regulation pipe, with Safety Connection each region heat pipe.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, step 4. described in group The working medium used in box-like heat exchange of heat pipe 5 heat pipe is sodium-potassium-sodium alloy and the water of different ratio respectively.It is preferred technical side Case.
Research shows: Liquid Sodium and potassium can arbitrary proportion consolute, become sodium-potassium-sodium alloy (Na-K), its fusing point is below sodium Fusing point (about 98 DEG C) and the fusing point (about 63 DEG C) of potassium.Slow-potassium-sodium alloy the fusion temperature of different ratio can be varied from.Therefore with Metallic sodium, metallic potassium are compared, sodium-potassium-sodium alloy be one more preferably conduct heat, heat-carrying agent.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, step 4. described in group The proportioning of the working medium sodium-potassium-sodium alloy used in box-like heat exchange of heat pipe 5 heat pipe is: in sodium-potassium-sodium alloy, the percentage by weight of potassium is 46%～89%.It it is preferred technical scheme.
Test data proves, when in sodium-potassium-sodium alloy, the percentage by weight of potassium is from 46%～89%, and melting of sodium-potassium-sodium alloy Point is less than or equal to room temperature.The most above-mentioned sodium-potassium-sodium alloy is at room temperature liquid.Facilitate filling and the use of heat pipe.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, described sodium-potassium-sodium alloy Proportioning is that in sodium-potassium-sodium alloy, the percentage by weight of potassium is 46%～89%.It it is preferred technical scheme.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, step 4. described in group Box-like heat exchange of heat pipe 5 is copper scap smelting furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 provide high temperature combustion-supporting sky Gas, improves combustion position, improves efficiency of combustion, saves fuel, or provides the cleaning of >=350 DEG C to be dried for other hot blast user Use hot blast.
Combined formula heat exchange of heat pipe 5 is by combustion-supporting Hot-blast Heating to 350～400 DEG C, as the copper scap melting of the present invention The combustion air of stove, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 uses, and capable of saving fuel more than 40%；
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions, step desulfurization side 6. in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention Method, using NaOH aqueous solution is desulfurizing agent, with Ca (OH)2Aqueous solution is regenerative agent, after NaOH aqueous solution lost efficacy, passes through Ca(OH)2After aqueous solution regeneration, reuse.Reaction equation is as follows:
2NaOH+SO2→Na2SO3+H2O
Na2SO3+SO2+H2O→2NaHSO3
Product after desulfurization enters the interior Ca of regenerated reactor (OH)2Regenerating, regenerative response process is as follows:
Ca(OH)2+Na2SO3→2NaOH+CaSO3
Ca(OH)2+2NaHSO3→Na2SO3+CaSO3·1/2H2O+1/2H2O
Using NaOH aqueous solution is desulfurizing agent, and rate of sulphur expulsion block, desulfuration efficiency are high, and can also remove simultaneously CO in flue gas2、HCl、NOxDeng acid contaminant.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions, described countercurrent flow waste heat in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention The working medium of boiler 4 is water or low boiling organic working medium.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions, countercurrent flow waste heat boiler in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention 4 and the heat energy that reclaims of combined heat pipe exchanger 5, directly use with the form of heat energy, or be electric by the thermal energy reclaimed Energy or mechanical energy.
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas of the present invention, compared to existing technology just like Lower good effect:
1.. provide one not only waste heat recovery efficiency high, and can in copper scap fusion process, generation With two English class (dioxins) atmosphere pollutions, two English class atmospheric pollution in the copper scap melting flue gas effectively administered The processing method of thing.
2.. after the method for the present invention processes in the tail gas of discharge, during atmosphere pollution whole project pollutant are below In China people's republic standard GB 31574-2015 " reclaimed copper, aluminum, lead, Zn Cr coating pollutant emission standard ", " table 3 air is dirty Dye thing emission limit " limit value that specifies.Wherein two English class Air Pollutants Emissions≤0.1ngTEQ/m3。
3.. use two-stage flue gas overheavy firing, add fume high-temperature burning time, make the combustable organic in melting flue gas Thing the most fully burns.Meanwhile, the dioxins (Dioxin-like produced in fusion process Compounds) and chlorophenol, Polychlorinated biphenyls etc. two the predecessor of English thermally decomposed；The ash in flue gas is decreased from source Dirt and the quantity of organic pollution carried thereof.Thus significantly reduce the load of flue gas post processing.
4.. filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation, filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation so that two English of soot dust granule absorption Compounds (Dioxin-like compounds) and predecessor major part thereof are trapped；Avoid containing of carrying secretly in copper scap Chlorine organic fails to be fully burned, two English predecessors of generation, is adsorbed by flue dust, and in the conveying of flue gas with processed Cheng Zhong, under the catalytic action by the transition metal such as copper, ferrum and oxide thereof, generates two English pollutants further.Effectively Decrease in subsequent processes, two English precursor synthesis two English pollutants and High Temperature Gas are combined to two English Probability.Also reduce the load of low temperature dedusting simultaneously.
5.. present invention employs heat exchange of heat pipe, owing to heat exchange of heat pipe has strong heat conductivity, good isothermal, spirit The heat flow density transmutability lived, it is achieved thereby that flue-gas temperature rapid drawdown, high efficiency reclaims heat energy simultaneously.Leave the cigarette of waste heat boiler Flue gas own temperature, through drastically lowering the temperature at combined heat pipe exchanger, is reduced to 200 from 700 DEG C in≤2 seconds by gas Below DEG C.Quickly cross the temperature range of two English predecessor resynthesis two English pollutants, thus avoid two English The regeneration of pollutant.
6.. the heat energy that heat exchange of heat pipe reclaims, burns for copper scap smelting furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and secondary reinforcement Stove 2 provides high temperature combustion air, improves combustion position, improves efficiency of combustion, and capable of saving fuel more than 40%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be the present invention copper scap melting flue gas in the process flow schematic diagram of two English class atmosphere pollutions. Wherein:
1. primary reinforcement combustion furnace
2. secondary reinforcement combustion furnace
3. porous SiN ceramic filter
4. countercurrent flow waste heat boiler
5. combined heat pipe exchanger
6. bag dust collector
7. desulphurization system
8. activated carbon adsorber
9. air-introduced machine
Fig. 2 is combined heat pipe exchanger schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is heat pipe operating diagram
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will now be further detailed embodiment:
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in 1 one kinds of copper scap melting flue gases of embodiment
The equipment that processing means is connected by order below is constituted: primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1, secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2, nitridation Silicon porous ceramic filter 3, countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4, combined heat pipe exchanger 5, bag dust collector 6, desulphurization system 7, Activated carbon adsorber 8 and air-introduced machine 9；
The treating method comprises following steps:
1.. flue gas overheavy firing
From the flue gas of copper scap smelting furnace, initially enter primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1, subsequently into secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 overheavy firings；The combustable organic thing carried in flue gas is made to continue fully burning；Meanwhile, two produced in fusion process English compounds (Dioxin-like compounds) and predecessor are thermally decomposed；
Above-mentioned primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 use pipe-type burner, configuration to automatically control and be System, automatically controls for fuel flow rate, air mass flow, it is ensured that the temperature in burner is at 1000 DEG C～1100 DEG C.
Above-mentioned secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 is additionally provided with electronic striking and controls switch, it is achieved fuel oil or fuel gas automatic Igniting, as the CO concentration=50mg/m in flue gas3Time, auto-ignition combustion, it is ensured that the CO concentration≤50mg/m in flue gas3。
2.. filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation
Flue gas after step 1. overheavy firing enters porous SiN ceramic filter 3, and dust removal by filtration purifies；Flue dust Dioxins (Dioxin-like compounds) and the predecessor overwhelming majority of grain absorption are trapped；
Above-mentioned porous SiN ceramic filter 3, selects the silicon nitride foam pottery of silicon nitride, aluminium oxide and yittrium oxide composition Ceramic material manufactures.The mass percent of three consists of silicon nitride: aluminium oxide: yittrium oxide=90:2:8.
3.. waste heat boiler energy recovery
Flue gas after step 2. dust removal by filtration purifies, enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4, changes with working medium adverse current in boiler Heat, the high temperature heat carried passes to boiler working substance；Flue gas own temperature is reduced to 700 DEG C, it is achieved waste heat one-level reclaims；
Described countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4 flue gas and boiler afterheat reclaim the heat exchange between working medium and use double-jacket tube formula inverse Stream heat exchange mode, heat-exchanger rig is made up of the two straight tube suit configuration combinations that several diameters are different, and flue gas walks central canal, and waste heat returns Matter of knocking off walks annular space pipe, and the two flow direction is contrary, it is achieved countercurrent flow；
4.. flue gas combined formula heat exchange of heat pipe is drastically lowered the temperature
From step, 3. flue gas after waste heat boiler 4 reclaims heat energy enters combined heat pipe exchanger 5) evaporator section i.e. Heating section and the liquid refrigerant heat exchange in heat pipe, the thermal energy conduction carried by flue gas is to the liquid refrigerant in heat pipe；In heat pipe Liquid refrigerant is by thermal evaporation, and the gaseous working medium of generation, by pressure reduction small in heat pipe space, through middle span line, flows to cold Solidifying section；At condensation segment, low-temperature receiver (fluid outside heat pipe) release latent heat is condensed by gaseous working medium, and the liquid refrigerant of condensation leans on imbibition The capillarity of core, flow back into again evaporator section, continues to repeat said process；So go round and begin again, the heat energy that flue gas is carried It is conducted to the cold working medium of entrance of waste heat boiler 4, is used for improving waste heat boiler inflow temperature；Or add hot-air, melt for copper scap Furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and the inlet temperature of secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2；Or output hot blast, hot water are sent outside, for other User uses；Meanwhile, in 2 seconds, flue gas own temperature is reduced to less than 200 DEG C, and continue to be cooled to 90 DEG C with Under, flow out combined heat pipe exchanger 5；
The Combined type heat-pipe heat exchange that described combined heat pipe exchanger 5 is made up of the heat pipe being filled with different working medium in pipe Device.The working medium used in heat pipe is sodium-potassium-sodium alloy and the water of different ratio respectively.The proportioning of described sodium-potassium-sodium alloy is that sodium-potassium closes In gold, the percentage by weight of potassium is 46%～89%.
Described combined heat pipe exchanger 5 is copper scap smelting furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 provide high temperature combustion airs, improve combustion position, improve efficiency of combustion, save fuel, or for other hot blasts user provide >= The cleaning of 350 DEG C is dried uses hot blast.
5.. filter bag dedusting
From step 4. combined heat pipe exchanger 5) flue gas enter bag dust collector 6 filter, remove smoke abatement further；
6.. the separation of flow
From step, 5. flue gas after bag dust collector 6 dust removal by filtration enters desulphurization system 7, removing sulfide and its His acid gas contaminants: nitrogen oxides, CO2、HCl；
Using NaOH aqueous solution is desulfurizing agent, with Ca (OH)2Aqueous solution is regenerative agent, when NaOH aqueous solution lost efficacy After, by Ca (OH)2After aqueous solution regeneration, reuse.
7.. activated carbon adsorption
From step, 6. flue gas after desulfurization enters activated carbon adsorber 8, through activated carbon adsorption, removes copper scap melting Various atmosphere pollutions in flue gas, up to standard after, discharge through air-introduced machine 9.
Waste heat recovery rate >=95%.Atmosphere pollution whole project pollutant are below People's Republic of China's standard In GB31574-2015 " reclaimed copper, aluminum, lead, Zn Cr coating pollutant emission standard ", " table 3 Air Pollutant Emission limit value " specifies Limit value.Wherein two English class Air Pollutants Emissions≤0.1ngTEQ/m3。
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in 2 one kinds of copper scap melting flue gases of embodiment
The equipment that processing means is connected by order below is constituted: primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1, secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2, nitridation Silicon porous ceramic filter 3, countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4, combined heat pipe exchanger 5, bag dust collector 6, desulphurization system 7, Activated carbon adsorber 8 and air-introduced machine 9；
The treating method comprises following steps:
1.. flue gas overheavy firing
From the flue gas of copper scap smelting furnace, initially enter primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1, subsequently into secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 overheavy firings；The combustable organic thing carried in flue gas is made to continue fully burning；Meanwhile, two produced in fusion process English compounds (Dioxin-like compounds) and predecessor are thermally decomposed；
Above-mentioned primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 use pipe-type burner, configuration to automatically control and be System, automatically controls for fuel flow rate, air mass flow, it is ensured that the temperature in burner is at 1050 DEG C～1100 DEG C.
Above-mentioned secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 is provided with electronic striking and controls switch, it is achieved fuel oil or the automatic point of fuel gas Fire, as the CO concentration=30mg/m in flue gas3Time, auto-ignition combustion, it is ensured that the CO concentration≤30mg/m in flue gas3。
2.. filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation
Flue gas after step 1. overheavy firing enters porous SiN ceramic filter 3, and dust removal by filtration purifies；Flue dust Dioxins (Dioxin-like compounds) and the predecessor overwhelming majority of grain absorption are trapped；
Above-mentioned porous SiN ceramic filter 3, selects the silicon nitride foam pottery of silicon nitride, aluminium oxide and yittrium oxide composition Ceramic material manufactures.The mass percent of three consists of silicon nitride: aluminium oxide: yittrium oxide=90:2:8.
3.. waste heat boiler energy recovery
Flue gas after step 2. dust removal by filtration purifies, enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4, changes with working medium adverse current in boiler Heat, the high temperature heat carried passes to boiler working substance；Flue gas own temperature is reduced to 680 DEG C, it is achieved waste heat one-level reclaims；
The heat exchange that described countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4 flue gas and boiler afterheat reclaim between working medium uses three bushing types inverse Stream heat exchange mode, heat-exchanger rig is made up of the three straight tube suit configurations that diameter is different, and flue gas walks central canal and outer annular space, and waste heat returns Matter of knocking off walks interior annular space pipe, and the two flow direction is contrary, it is achieved countercurrent flow.
4.. flue gas combined formula heat exchange of heat pipe is drastically lowered the temperature
From step, 3. flue gas after waste heat boiler 4 reclaims heat energy enters combined heat pipe exchanger 5) evaporator section i.e. Heating section and the liquid refrigerant heat exchange in heat pipe, the thermal energy conduction carried by flue gas is to the liquid refrigerant in heat pipe；In heat pipe Liquid refrigerant is by thermal evaporation, and the gaseous working medium of generation, by pressure reduction small in heat pipe space, through middle span line, flows to cold Solidifying section；At condensation segment, low-temperature receiver (fluid outside heat pipe) release latent heat is condensed by gaseous working medium, and the liquid refrigerant of condensation leans on imbibition The capillarity of core, flow back into again evaporator section, continues to repeat said process；So go round and begin again, the heat energy that flue gas is carried It is conducted to the cold working medium of entrance of waste heat boiler 4, is used for improving waste heat boiler inflow temperature；Or add hot-air, melt for copper scap Furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and the inlet temperature of secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2；Or output hot blast, hot water are sent outside, for other User uses；Meanwhile, in 1.8 seconds, flue gas own temperature is reduced to less than 200 DEG C, and continue to be cooled to 90 DEG C with Under, flow out combined heat pipe exchanger 5；
The Combined type heat-pipe heat exchange that described combined heat pipe exchanger 5 is made up of the heat pipe being filled with different working medium in pipe Device.The working medium used in heat pipe is sodium-potassium-sodium alloy and the water of different ratio respectively.The proportioning of described sodium-potassium-sodium alloy is that sodium-potassium closes In gold, the percentage by weight of potassium is 60%～80%.
Described combined heat pipe exchanger 5 is copper scap smelting furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 provide high temperature combustion airs, improve combustion position, improve efficiency of combustion, save fuel, or for other hot blasts user provide >= The cleaning of 350 DEG C is dried uses hot blast.
5.. filter bag dedusting
From step 4. combined heat pipe exchanger 5) flue gas enter bag dust collector 6 filter, remove smoke abatement further；
6.. the separation of flow
From step, 5. flue gas after bag dust collector 6 dust removal by filtration enters desulphurization system 7, removing sulfide and its His acid gas contaminants: nitrogen oxides, CO2、HCl；
Using NaOH aqueous solution is desulfurizing agent, with Ca (OH)2Aqueous solution is regenerative agent, when NaOH aqueous solution lost efficacy After, by Ca (OH)2After aqueous solution regeneration, reuse.
7.. activated carbon adsorption
From step, 6. flue gas after desulfurization enters activated carbon adsorber 8, through activated carbon adsorption, removes copper scap melting Various atmosphere pollutions in flue gas, up to standard after, discharge through air-introduced machine 9.
Waste heat recovery rate >=95%.Atmosphere pollution whole project pollutant are below People's Republic of China's standard In GB31574-2015 " reclaimed copper, aluminum, lead, Zn Cr coating pollutant emission standard ", " table 3 Air Pollutant Emission limit value " specifies Limit value.Wherein two English class Air Pollutants Emissions≤0.05ngTEQ/m3。
The processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in 3 one kinds of copper scap melting flue gases of embodiment
The equipment that processing means is connected by order below is constituted: primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1, secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2, nitridation Silicon porous ceramic filter 3, countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4, combined heat pipe exchanger 5, bag dust collector 6, desulphurization system 7, Activated carbon adsorber 8 and air-introduced machine 9；
The treating method comprises following steps:
1.. flue gas overheavy firing
From the flue gas of copper scap smelting furnace, initially enter primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1, subsequently into secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 overheavy firings；The combustable organic thing carried in flue gas is made to continue fully burning；Meanwhile, two produced in fusion process English compounds (Dioxin-like compounds) and predecessor are thermally decomposed；
Above-mentioned primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 use pipe-type burner, configuration to automatically control and be System, automatically controls for fuel flow rate, air mass flow, it is ensured that the temperature in burner is at 1100 DEG C～1200 DEG C.
Above-mentioned secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 is additionally provided with electronic striking and controls switch, it is achieved fuel oil or fuel gas automatic Igniting, as the CO concentration=10mg/m in flue gas3Time, auto-ignition combustion, it is ensured that the CO concentration≤10mg/m in flue gas3。
2.. filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation
Flue gas after step 1. overheavy firing enters porous SiN ceramic filter 3, and dust removal by filtration purifies；Flue dust Dioxins (Dioxin-like compounds) and the predecessor overwhelming majority of grain absorption are trapped；
Above-mentioned porous SiN ceramic filter 3, selects the silicon nitride foam pottery of silicon nitride, aluminium oxide and yittrium oxide composition Ceramic material manufactures.The mass percent of three consists of silicon nitride: aluminium oxide: yittrium oxide=90:2:8.
3.. waste heat boiler energy recovery
Flue gas after step 2. dust removal by filtration purifies, enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4, changes with working medium adverse current in boiler Heat, the high temperature heat carried passes to boiler working substance；Flue gas own temperature is reduced to 690 DEG C, it is achieved waste heat one-level reclaims；
The heat exchange that described countercurrent flow waste heat boiler 4 flue gas and boiler afterheat reclaim between working medium uses three bushing types inverse Stream heat exchange mode, heat-exchanger rig is made up of the three straight tube suit configurations that diameter is different, and flue gas walks central canal and outer annular space, and waste heat returns Matter of knocking off walks interior annular space pipe, and the two flow direction is contrary, it is achieved countercurrent flow.
4.. flue gas combined formula heat exchange of heat pipe is drastically lowered the temperature
From step, 3. flue gas after waste heat boiler 4 reclaims heat energy enters combined heat pipe exchanger 5) evaporator section i.e. Heating section and the liquid refrigerant heat exchange in heat pipe, the thermal energy conduction carried by flue gas is to the liquid refrigerant in heat pipe；In heat pipe Liquid refrigerant is by thermal evaporation, and the gaseous working medium of generation, by pressure reduction small in heat pipe space, through middle span line, flows to cold Solidifying section；At condensation segment, low-temperature receiver (fluid outside heat pipe) release latent heat is condensed by gaseous working medium, and the liquid refrigerant of condensation leans on imbibition The capillarity of core, flow back into again evaporator section, continues to repeat said process；So go round and begin again, the heat energy that flue gas is carried It is conducted to the cold working medium of entrance of waste heat boiler 4, is used for improving waste heat boiler inflow temperature；Or add hot-air, melt for copper scap Furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and the inlet temperature of secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2；Or output hot blast, hot water are sent outside, for other User uses；Meanwhile, in 1.6 seconds, flue gas own temperature is reduced to less than 200 DEG C, and continue to be cooled to 90 DEG C with Under, flow out combined heat pipe exchanger 5；
The Combined type heat-pipe heat exchange that described combined heat pipe exchanger 5 is made up of the heat pipe being filled with different working medium in pipe Device.The working medium used in heat pipe is sodium-potassium-sodium alloy and the water of different ratio respectively.The proportioning of described sodium-potassium-sodium alloy is that sodium-potassium closes In gold, the percentage by weight of potassium is 50%～70%.
Described combined heat pipe exchanger 5 is copper scap smelting furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace 1 and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace 2 provide high temperature combustion airs, improve combustion position, improve efficiency of combustion, save fuel, or for other hot blasts user provide >= The cleaning of 350 DEG C is dried uses hot blast.
5.. filter bag dedusting
Flue gas from step 4. combined heat pipe exchanger 5 enters bag dust collector 6 and filters, removes smoke abatement further；
6.. the separation of flow
From step, 5. flue gas after bag dust collector 6 dust removal by filtration enters desulphurization system 7, removing sulfide and its His acid gas contaminants: nitrogen oxides, CO2、HCl；
Using NaOH aqueous solution is desulfurizing agent, with Ca (OH)2Aqueous solution is regenerative agent, when NaOH aqueous solution lost efficacy After, by Ca (OH)2After aqueous solution regeneration, reuse.
7.. activated carbon adsorption
From step, 6. flue gas after desulfurization enters activated carbon adsorber 8, through activated carbon adsorption, removes copper scap melting Various atmosphere pollutions in flue gas, up to standard after, discharge through air-introduced machine 9.
Waste heat recovery rate >=95%.Atmosphere pollution whole project pollutant are below People's Republic of China's standard In GB31574-2015 " reclaimed copper, aluminum, lead, Zn Cr coating pollutant emission standard ", " table 3 Air Pollutant Emission limit value " specifies Limit value.Wherein two English class Air Pollutants Emissions≤0.01ngTEQ/m3。

Claims (13)

1. the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in a copper scap melting flue gas, it is characterised in that processing means is by such as Under the equipment that is linked in sequence constitute: primary reinforcement combustion furnace (1), secondary reinforcement combustion furnace (2), porous SiN ceramic filter (3), countercurrent flow waste heat boiler (4), combined heat pipe exchanger (5), bag dust collector (6), desulphurization system (7), activated carbon Adsorption tower (8) and air-introduced machine (9)；
The treating method comprises following steps:
1.. flue gas overheavy firing
From the flue gas of copper scap smelting furnace, initially enter primary reinforcement combustion furnace (1), subsequently into secondary reinforcement combustion furnace (2) overheavy firing；The combustable organic thing carried in flue gas is made to continue fully burning；Meanwhile, two produced in fusion process English compounds (Dioxin-like compounds) and predecessor are thermally decomposed；
2.. filtering high-temperature flue gas udst separation
Flue gas after step 1. overheavy firing enters porous SiN ceramic filter (3), and dust removal by filtration purifies；Soot dust granule Dioxins (Dioxin-like compounds) and the predecessor overwhelming majority of absorption are trapped；
3.. waste heat boiler energy recovery
Flue gas after step 2. dust removal by filtration purifies, enters countercurrent flow waste heat boiler (4), changes with working medium adverse current in boiler Heat, the high temperature heat carried passes to boiler working substance；Flue gas own temperature is reduced to≤700 DEG C, it is achieved waste heat one-level is returned Receive；
4.. flue gas combined formula heat exchange of heat pipe is drastically lowered the temperature
3. reclaim the flue gas after heat energy through waste heat boiler (4) from step and enter the evaporator section of combined heat pipe exchanger (5) i.e. Heating section and the liquid refrigerant heat exchange in heat pipe, the thermal energy conduction carried by flue gas is to the liquid refrigerant in heat pipe；In heat pipe Liquid refrigerant is by thermal evaporation, and the gaseous working medium of generation, by pressure reduction small in heat pipe space, through middle span line, flows to cold Solidifying section；At condensation segment, low-temperature receiver (fluid outside heat pipe) release latent heat is condensed by gaseous working medium, and the liquid refrigerant of condensation leans on imbibition The capillarity of core, flow back into again evaporator section, continues to repeat said process；So go round and begin again, the heat energy that flue gas is carried It is conducted to the cold working medium of entrance of waste heat boiler (4), is used for improving waste heat boiler inflow temperature；Or add hot-air, for copper scap Smelting furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace (1) and the inlet temperature of secondary reinforcement combustion furnace (2)；Or output hot blast, hot water are sent outside, For other users；Meanwhile, in 2 seconds, flue gas own temperature is reduced to less than 200 DEG C, and continues to be cooled to 90 Below DEG C, flow out combined heat pipe exchanger (5)；
5.. filter bag dedusting
Flue gas from step 4. combined heat pipe exchanger (5) enters bag dust collector (6) and filters, removes smoke abatement further；
6.. desulfurization
From step, 5. flue gas after bag dust collector (6) dust removal by filtration enters desulphurization system (7), removing sulfide and its Its acid gas contaminants, such as H2S、NOx、CO、CO2、HCl；
7.. activated carbon adsorption
From step, 6. flue gas after desulfurization enters activated carbon adsorber (8), through activated carbon adsorption, removes copper scap melting cigarette Various atmosphere pollutions in gas, and remove foul smell taste, up to standard after, discharge through air-introduced machine (9).
2. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in claim 1 copper scap melting flue gas, it is characterised in that step Rapid 1. described primary reinforcement combustion furnace (1) and secondary reinforcement combustion furnace (2) use pipe-type burner, configuration to automatically control and be System, automatically controls for fuel flow rate, air mass flow, it is ensured that temperature >=1000 DEG C in burner.
3. according to the process of two English class atmosphere pollutions in the copper scap melting flue gas described in claim 1 or claim 2 Method, it is characterised in that the 1. described secondary reinforcement combustion furnace (2) of step is additionally provided with electronic striking and controls switch, it is achieved fuel oil Or the automatic ignition of fuel gas, it is ensured that after the CO in flue gas reaches to set concentration, i.e. ignition.
4. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions, its feature in the copper scap melting flue gas described in claim 1 It is the porous SiN ceramic filter (3) used during step is 2., selects silicon nitride, aluminium oxide and the nitridation of yittrium oxide composition Silicon foam ceramic material manufactures, and the mass percent of three consists of silicon nitride: aluminium oxide: yittrium oxide=90:2:8.
5. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in claim 1 copper scap melting flue gas, it is characterised in that step The most 3. countercurrent flow waste heat boiler (4) flue gas described in and boiler afterheat reclaim the heat exchange between working medium and use double-jacket tube formula inverse Stream heat exchange mode, or three bushing type countercurrent heat exchange methods；Wherein:
Described double-jacket tube formula countercurrent heat exchange method, heat-exchanger rig is combined structures by the two straight tube suit configurations that several diameters are different Becoming, flue gas walks central canal, and waste heat recovery working medium walks annular space pipe, and the two flow direction is contrary, it is achieved countercurrent flow；
Three described bushing type countercurrent heat exchange methods, heat-exchanger rig is made up of the three straight tube suit configurations that diameter is different, and flue gas is walked Central canal and outer annular space, waste heat recovery working medium walks interior annular space pipe, and the two flow direction is contrary, it is achieved countercurrent flow.
6. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in claim 1 copper scap melting flue gas, it is characterised in that step The most 4. the Combined type heat-pipe heat exchange that the combined heat pipe exchanger (5) described in is made up of the heat pipe being filled with different working medium in pipe Device.
7. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in claim 1 copper scap melting flue gas, it is characterised in that step The most 4. the working medium used in combined heat pipe exchanger (5) heat pipe described in is sodium-potassium-sodium alloy and the water of different ratio respectively.
8. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in claim 7 copper scap melting flue gas, it is characterised in that institute The proportioning stating sodium-potassium-sodium alloy is that in sodium-potassium-sodium alloy, the percentage by weight of potassium is 46%～89%.
9. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in claim 7 copper scap melting flue gas, it is characterised in that institute The proportioning stating sodium-potassium-sodium alloy is that in sodium-potassium-sodium alloy, the percentage by weight of potassium is 60%～80%.
10. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions in claim 1 copper scap melting flue gas, it is characterised in that step The most 4. the combined heat pipe exchanger (5) described in is copper scap smelting furnace, primary reinforcement combustion furnace (1) and secondary reinforcement burning Stove (2) provides high temperature combustion air, improves combustion position, improves efficiency of combustion, saves fuel, or carries for other hot blasts user Cleaning for >=350 DEG C is dried hot blast.
11. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions, its feature in the copper scap melting flue gas described in claim 1 Being step sulfur method 6., using NaOH aqueous solution is desulfurizing agent, with Ca (OH)2Aqueous solution is regenerative agent, when After NaOH aqueous solution lost efficacy, by Ca (OH)2After aqueous solution regeneration, reuse.
12. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions, its feature in the copper scap melting flue gas described in claim 1 The working medium being described countercurrent flow waste heat boiler (4) is water or low boiling organic working medium.
13. according to the processing method of two English class atmosphere pollutions, its feature in the copper scap melting flue gas described in claim 1 It is the heat energy that countercurrent flow waste heat boiler (4) and combined heat pipe exchanger (5) reclaim, directly uses with the form of heat energy, Or it is electric energy or mechanical energy by the thermal energy of recovery.
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CN110947342A (en) * 2019-12-29 2020-04-03 安徽瑞邦生物科技有限公司 Ammonia oxidation reaction heat energy recycling device and method
CN111729490A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-10-02 中国计量大学 Waste gas treatment process in activated carbon regeneration process
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CN101797572A (en) * 2009-12-31 2010-08-11 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 Method for treating waste incineration fly ash by using plasmas
CN103471404A (en) * 2013-09-05 2013-12-25 山东金升有色集团有限公司 Unit of recovering flue gas waste heat and dust in nonferrous metal smelting
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