CN105836213A - Automatic box opening mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic box-opening mechanism, a support frame and a box-opening frame. Two S-shaped connecting rods are arranged in parallel in the middle of the box-opening frame. The s-shaped connecting rods are also fixedly installed with suction cup mounting rods for installing the suction cups, and the two suction cup mounting rods are fixedly connected to the diagonal sides of the two s-shaped connecting rods respectively; a guide block is also installed on one inclined side of the unpacking frame The support frame is provided with a guide column, and the guide block protrudes from the side of the inclined side to cooperate with the guide column to form a matching structure that can slide and rotate relatively; through the restriction of the guide block and the guide column, the main power pressure cylinder drives the push plate When moving vertically, the out-of-box frame can rotate forward and reverse smoothly. The invention utilizes the suction cups located on the diagonal sides of two parallel S-shaped connecting rods to suck both sides of the carton boards, and when the S-shaped connecting rods move, the suckers sucking the two sides of the carton boards are gradually separated to realize the opening of the carton boards.

Description

An automatic unpacking mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to a mechanism for opening a carton board in an automatic packaging machine, in particular to an automatic box opening mechanism.

Background technique

Using the automatic packaging equipment of cartons, in the process of packaging, the stacked carton boards must be opened, and an automatic unpacking mechanism is usually used to automatically open the cartons.

At present, the automatic unpacking mechanism used for vertical unpacking uses the cardboard to be placed vertically, and the suction cup is used to hold a single plane of the carton board, and then move forward, and the carton is opened by the mechanical guiding mechanism of the equipment, and then the bottom of the carton is immediately sealed. To prevent the carton from returning to the cardboard state, and realize the unpacking operation of the carton board.

Horizontal unpacking machine, the cardboard is placed flat, and there are a set of suction cups on the top and bottom of the cardboard. The lower suction cup sucks the bottom surface of the carton board, and the upper suction cup sucks the top of the carton board; then the suction cups are turned 90 degrees to make the carton open. , and then seal the tape to prevent the carton from returning to the cardboard state, so as to realize the unpacking operation.

Whether it is a vertical unpacking mechanism or a horizontal unpacking mechanism, one end of the carton needs to be sealed with adhesive tape immediately after the carton board is opened to prevent the carton from returning to the cardboard state, which limits the way the product is packed. When the product is packed, the product can only be put into the carton by dropping or grabbing; if there are special-shaped bottles, eccentric bottles, etc. that are difficult to grab or cannot be used for drop-packing products, automatic equipment cannot be used for packaging.

In addition, the above-mentioned existing vertical carton opening mechanism uses a suction cup to hold a single plane of the cardboard, and relies on the mechanical structure to guide the carton to be unpacked. Due to the thickness of the carton, dimensional accuracy, etc., it is easy to open the carton incompletely; The open carton is easily deformed, which is not conducive to using the mechanism to grab the side of the suction box for sleeve-style packing.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to provide an automatic carton opening mechanism that can ensure that the carton is fully opened and does not deform.

An automatic unpacking mechanism according to the present invention comprises: a support frame and an unpacking frame, and the unpacking frame includes two horizontal sides and two inclined sides hinged to form a parallelogram four-bar linkage, in the four-bar linkage Two s-shaped connecting rods are arranged in parallel in the middle, and suction cup installation rods for installing suction cups are arranged on the two s-shaped connecting rods; It can follow and rotate together; the two suction cup mounting rods are respectively fixedly connected to the diagonal sides of the two S-shaped connecting rods; vertical rotating shafts are respectively set in the middle of the two inclined sides of the four-bar linkage mechanism, and the support frame has a horizontal direction. The push plates of the four-bar linkage mechanism are respectively hinged to the two inclined sides through the rotating shaft; one side of one inclined side of the four-bar linkage mechanism is also hingedly provided with a guide block, and a guide post is arranged on the support frame, and the guide block protrudes from one side of the inclined side to connect with the guide post. Cooperate with each other to form a matching structure that can slide and rotate relatively; under the restriction of the guide column and the guide block, push the push plate, the push plate can drive the four-bar linkage structure to rotate from one side to the other, and pull the push plate back, The push plate can pull the four-bar linkage mechanism to return to the other side; when the push plate pushes the four-bar linkage mechanism to rotate to one side, the two suction cup installation rods can be stacked horizontally, so that the fixed suction cup can be folded from the other side. The two sides of the carton board are attracted to the carton board; when the push plate is pulled back to make the four-bar linkage mechanism rotate in place, the two suction cup installation rods are arranged vertically and parallel at intervals, and the different sides of the carton board are sucked by the suction cup to make the stacked The carton boards open.

According to the automatic unpacking mechanism of the present invention, when the unpacking rack is in the state of absorbing cartons, the distance in the vertical direction (direction perpendicular to the push plate) of the diagonal sides of the two S-shaped connecting rods is the smallest, and is arranged on the S-shaped connecting rods The two suction cup installation rods are parallel to the push plate and the distance is small, which can just suck the unopened carton board. Then, push the push plate forward, and under the action of the guide block, the four-link structure of the box-opening frame rotates from one side to the other, and the S-shaped connecting rod arranged in the middle of the box-opening frame follows the movement to complete a large-angle deformation , since the two suction cup mounting rods are respectively arranged on the diagonal sides of the s-shaped connecting rod, when the s-shaped connecting rod moves, the suction cup mounting rod completes a large-angle deformation together with it, and the two suction cups arranged on the diagonal sides of the s-shaped connecting rod The distance in the vertical direction of the installation rod (the direction perpendicular to the push plate) gradually increases, and the carton board sucked by the suction cup gradually opens. When the unpacking rack moves to the state of opening the carton board, the distance between the diagonal sides of the two S-shaped connecting rods in the vertical direction (perpendicular to the push plate) is the largest. The carton boards are fully opened.

The present invention uses suction cups located on the diagonal sides of two parallel s-shaped connecting rods to absorb both sides of the carton board, and drives the s-shaped connecting rod to move through the large-angle deformation of the four-link mechanism from +135 degrees to -135 degrees, and the s-shaped connecting rod It plays the role of changing the direction and converts the inclination angle of the inclined side of the four-bar linkage mechanism into a parallel angle to facilitate the absorption of carton boards. When the S-shaped linkage completes the angle change from +135 degrees to -135 degrees with the four-bar linkage mechanism, it is located at The suction cup installation rods located on the diagonal sides of the two parallel S-shaped connecting rods move to a vertical angle, and the suction cups on both sides of the carton board are gradually separated during this process to realize the opening of the carton board. This opening method is realized by sucking the diagonal side of the carton board with the suction cup, the carton board is not easy to rebound, and there is no need to immediately seal one end of the carton; and because there is no other mechanism in direct contact with the carton board, it will not cause deformation of the carton board; at the same time, because the position of the suction cup can be By adjusting the suction cup installation lever, this kind of unpacking method is not affected by the thickness of the carton, dimensional accuracy and other reasons, and can ensure that the carton is fully opened. The automatic box-opening mechanism of the present invention solves the problems existing in the existing box-opening mechanism, and provides an automatic box-opening mechanism that can ensure that the carton is completely opened and does not deform.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of an automatic unpacking mechanism sucking a carton state;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram 2 of an automatic unpacking mechanism absorbing a carton state;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of an automatic unpacking mechanism opening a carton state;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram 2 of an automatic carton opening mechanism in the state of opening a carton.

detailed description

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, an automatic unpacking mechanism according to the present invention includes: a supporting frame and an unpacking frame 2, and the unpacking frame includes two horizontal sides and two inclined The sides are hinged to form a parallelogram four-bar linkage mechanism. Two s-shaped connecting rods 3 are arranged in parallel in the middle of the four-bar linkage mechanism, and suction cup installation rods 5 for installing suction cups 4 are arranged on the two s-shaped connecting rods; The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the two horizontal sides, and can rotate together with the rotation of the four-bar linkage; The middle parts of the two inclined sides are respectively provided with vertical rotating shafts 6, and the push plates 7 arranged in the horizontal direction are respectively hinged with the two inclined sides through the rotating shafts on the support frame; Guide block 8, a guide column 9 is set on the support frame, and the guide block protrudes from one side of the inclined side to cooperate with the guide column to form a matching structure that can relatively slide and rotate; under the restriction of the guide column 8 and the guide block 9, push Push plate 7, the push plate can drive the four-bar linkage structure to rotate from one side to the other, and pull back the push plate 7, the push plate can pull the four-bar linkage mechanism to return to the other side; When the connecting rod mechanism is rotated to one side and in place, the two suction cup installation rods can be superimposed horizontally, so that the fixed suction cups can absorb the carton board from both sides of the folded carton board; when the push plate is pulled back, the four-bar linkage mechanism returns When the rotation is in place, the two suction cup installation rods are arranged longitudinally and parallel at intervals, and the different sides of the carton boards are sucked by the suction cups to open the stacked carton boards. Here, the guide block 8 and the guide column 9 can relatively slide and rotate with a matching structure, and a chute is provided at the extended end of the guide block, and the guide column is inserted into the chute and can slide along the chute.

Two parallel guide rods 10 are vertically arranged on the support frame 1, and the push plate 7 arranged horizontally passes through two guide sleeves 11 respectively, is placed on the two guide rods, and can slide along the guide rods through the two guide sleeves; There is a driving device that can drive the push plate to move back and forth longitudinally. The driving device is an active force pressure cylinder 12 installed on the support frame 1, the active force pressure cylinder is arranged longitudinally, one end is fixed on the support frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the push plate, and the push plate is driven longitudinally by the expansion and contraction of the active force pressure cylinder. move. Pushing the push plate 7, the push plate can drive the four-bar linkage structure to rotate from one side to the other, so that the parallelogram of the four-bar linkage structure is deformed from +135 degrees to -135 degrees; while pulling back the push plate, the push plate Then pull the deformation of the parallelogram of the four-bar linkage from -135 degrees to +135 degrees.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, when the unpacking rack is in the state of absorbing carton boards, the four-bar linkage mechanism of the unpacking rack tilts to one side, and the S-shaped connecting rod located in the middle of the unpacking rack tilts accordingly. The vertical distance direction (perpendicular to the push plate) is the closest position on the corner side. At this time, the two suction cup installation rods are parallel to the push plate to absorb the stacked carton boards. The suction cup absorbs both sides of the stacked carton boards. Under the pull of the main power pressure cylinder, the four-bar linkage mechanism of the box-opening frame moves to one side, and the S-shaped connecting rod moves accordingly. The deformation of the rod mechanism from +135 degrees to -135 degrees drives the movement of the s-shaped connecting rod, and the s-shaped connecting rod plays the role of changing the direction, converting the deformation of the inclined side of the four-bar linkage mechanism from +135 degrees to -135 degrees into parallel Orientation-to-vertical deformation facilitates suction and opening of carton panels. When the s-shaped connecting rod completes the angle change from +135 degrees to -135 degrees with the four-bar linkage mechanism, the suction cup installation rod located on the diagonal side of the two parallel s-shaped connecting rods moves to a vertical angle, and during this process sucks the two sides of the carton board The suction cups on the side are gradually separated to realize the opening of the carton board. When the unpacking frame is in the state of opening the cardboard, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the distance between the suction cups is the largest, and the carton sucked by the suction cups is fully opened at this point. When the opened carton is taken away by the follow-up mechanism, the unpacking frame moves back to the original inclined direction (positive direction) under the push of the main power pressure cylinder and the action of the guide block, and the unpacking frame returns to the state of absorbing the carton board and enters the next stage. A cardboard box opening action.

Since the s-shaped connecting rod needs to continuously absorb the carton and move with the four-bar linkage during the unpacking project, in order to better ensure the consistency and synchronization of the rotation of the s-shaped connecting rod and the four-bar linkage, and to improve the smooth rotation The middle part of the box-opening frame is also provided with two rotating support bars parallel to the inclined sides, and the two ends of the two rotating support bars and the two ends of the S-shaped connecting rod are hinged on the two parallel sides of the box-opening frame through the same hinge shaft.

Because a guide block is installed on an inclined edge of the box-opening frame, the guide block needs to be hinged with the inclined edge; and the inclined edge of the box-opening frame is originally provided with a vertical fixed rotating shaft hinged to the inclined edge and the push plate. Therefore, the original hinge mechanism can be used for hinge connection, that is, the guide block can be hinged with the inclined side by using the fixed rotating shaft vertically arranged between the cross plate and the push plate, and the hinge of multiple parts can be completed with the same hinge mechanism. That is to say, the hinge axis where the guide block is hinged to the inclined side and the hinge axis where the inclined side is hinged to the push plate is the same fixed rotation axis.

In addition, the carton boards separated by the carton separation mechanism in the front section cannot be guaranteed to enter the unpacking mechanism vertically, and the inclination of the carton boards will make it difficult for the suction cup to pick up the cartons. In order to facilitate the suction cups to absorb the carton board, a guide plate for making the carton disk enter between the two suction cups can be provided oppositely on the two suction cup mounting rods. The guide plate includes a vertical section protruding to the bottom of the suction cup, and an inclined section gradually inclined outward from the bottom of the vertical section. Through the guide plates set opposite to each other on the mounting rods of the two suction cups, when the unpacking mechanism clamps the carton boards, the carton boards can automatically and smoothly enter between the two suction cups under the restriction of the guide boards, so that the suction cups can be easily sucked from both sides. carton.

In addition, in order to adapt to cartons of different sizes, so that the positions of the suction cups on the two suction cup installation rods can always correspond to the long and short sides of the carton board, the suction cups can be installed on the sliding sleeve, and can slide on the suction cup installation rod through the sliding sleeve. Locking bolts are arranged on the side, and the positioning of the suction cup is realized by tightening the locking bolts. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the suction cup to meet the needs of different carton boards, loosen the locking bolt, move the sliding sleeve to the corresponding position, and then lock it again.

Claims (8)

1. An automatic unpacking mechanism, characterized in that it includes: a support frame and an unpacking frame, and the unpacking frame includes two horizontal sides and two inclined sides hinged to form a parallelogram four-bar linkage, in the four-bar linkage Two s-shaped connecting rods are arranged in parallel in the middle of the two s-shaped connecting rods, and suction cup installation rods for installing suction cups are arranged on the two s-shaped connecting rods; the two ends of the two s-shaped connecting rods are respectively hinged with the two horizontal sides, , can follow and rotate together; the two suction cup mounting rods are respectively fixedly connected to the diagonal sides of the two S-shaped connecting rods; vertical rotating shafts are respectively set in the middle of the two inclined sides of the four-bar linkage mechanism, and the support frame has a horizontal direction The set push plates are respectively hinged with the two inclined sides through the rotating shaft; one side of one inclined side of the four-bar linkage mechanism is also hingedly provided with a guide block, and a guide column is arranged on the support frame, and the guide block protrudes from one side of the inclined side to guide The columns cooperate to form a matching structure that can slide and rotate relatively; under the restriction of the guide column and the guide block, push the push plate, the push plate can drive the four-bar linkage structure to rotate from one side to the other, and pull the push plate back , the push plate can pull the four-bar linkage mechanism to return from the other side; when the push plate pushes the four-bar linkage mechanism to rotate to one side, the two suction cup installation rods can be stacked horizontally, so that the suction cup fixed on it can be moved from the other side. The two sides of the folded carton board are attracted to the carton board; when the push plate is pulled back to make the four-bar linkage mechanism rotate in place, the two suction cup installation rods are arranged in parallel longitudinally at intervals, and the different sides of the carton board are sucked by the suction cup to make the superimposition cardboard box open. 2. The automatic unpacking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: two parallel guide rods are longitudinally arranged on the support frame, and the horizontally arranged push plates respectively pass through two guide sleeves and are placed on the two guide rods, which can The two guide sleeves slide along the guide rod; the support frame is also equipped with a driving device that can drive the push plate to move back and forth longitudinally. 3. The automatic unpacking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the driving device is an active power pressure cylinder installed on the support frame, the active power pressure cylinder is longitudinally arranged, one end is fixed on the support frame, and the other end is fixed on the support frame. The fixed push plate drives the push plate to move longitudinally through the expansion and contraction of the main power pressure cylinder. 4. The automatic box opening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: push the push plate, the push plate can drive the four-bar linkage structure to rotate from one side to the other, so that the parallelogram of the four-bar linkage structure can move from + 135 degrees to -135 degrees of deformation; while pulling back the push plate, the push plate pulls the deformation of the parallelogram of the four-bar linkage from -135 degrees to +135 degrees. 5. The automatic unpacking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the guide block and the guide post can slide and rotate relative to each other, a chute is provided for the extended end of the guide block, and the guide post is inserted into the chute The inside can slide along the chute. 6. A kind of automatic unpacking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle part of the unpacking frame is also provided with two rotating support rods that are the same as the inclined sides, and the two ends of the two rotating support rods are connected with the S-shaped connecting rod The two ends are hinged on the two parallel sides of the box opening frame through the same hinge shaft. 7. An automatic unpacking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the suction cup is installed on the sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is slidable on the suction cup installation rod, and a locking bolt is arranged on the side of the sliding sleeve, by locking The bolts are tightened for positioning. 8. A kind of automatic unpacking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: a guide plate is set oppositely on the two suction cup mounting rods; the guide plate comprises a vertical section that stretches out to the bottom of the suction cup, and is composed of A sloped segment in which the bottom of a vertical segment slopes gradually outward.