CN105797524B - A kind of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester and method - Google Patents
A kind of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester and method that can be removed fine solid particle in flue gas, be particularly PM2.5, dusty gas is conveyed into upper chamber by two air-introduced machines respectively, dusty gas dust, dust-contained airflow are respectively enterd in Liang Ge pretreatment chamber, downwards by two screen packs, negative electrostatic atomization area and positive electrostatic atomization area are respectively enterd under the gentle flow direction of dust after filtering;Two capillary atomizers are in the presence of corresponding negative corona discharge electrode and positive corona discharge electrode, stable cone jet atomization is formed in negative electrostatic atomization area and positive electrostatic atomization area, the fine solid particle of two kinds of droplets or droplet group's absorption dusty gas with opposed polarity is produced in negative electrostatic atomization area and positive electrostatic atomization area respectively, add the removal efficiency of fine solid particle, drop after adsorption of dust completes coalescence, increase droplet yardstick, be conducive to the sedimentation of drop, realize effective removing of ultra-thin micro-particle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dust arrester, fine solid particle in flue gas, particularly PM2.5 device are specifically removed.
Background technology
Haze is a kind of atmosphere pollution state, is the generalized representation to various suspended particulate substance content overproofs in air, especially
It is PM2.5(Equivalent aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to 2.5 microns of particulate matter)It is considered as " the member for causing haze weather
It is fierce ".Haze is mainly made up of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and inhalable particles etc., and they are combined together with fog, are both one
Pollutant is planted, is the carrier of the noxious materials such as heavy metal, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon again.
The method of effectively removing dust is many at present, and can remove more than 99% particulate matter, but PM2.5 is taken off
Except still suffering from certain difficulty.The removing to fine particulates in flue dust, mainly there is following several method at present:(1)Electrostatic is removed
Dirt.Conventional is electrostatic precipitator, and flue gas is ionized using high voltage electric field, and the dust in air-flow is charged, in electric field action
It is lower to be separated with air-flow.Negative pole is made up of the plain conductor of different section shape, is sparking electrode.Positive pole is by different geometries
Metallic plate is made, and is collecting electrode.Shadow of the performance of electrostatic precipitator by factors such as dust characteristic, equipment construction and flue gas flow rates
Ring.The ratio resistance of dust is to evaluate the index of electric conductivity, and it has direct influence on efficiency of dust collection.Ratio resistance is too low, and grit is difficult
To be maintained on collecting electrode, it is caused to return to air-flow.Ratio resistance is too high, and the grit electric charge for reaching collecting electrode is difficult to release,
Voltage gradient is formed between knoisphere can produce partial breakdown and electric discharge phenomena.These situations can all cause efficiency of dust collection to decline.
(2)Ceramic dedusting.Conventional is ceramic filter, and its filter element generally uses high density material, and ceramic filter element is main
There are bar type, tubular type, three kinds of cross-flow.Dusty gas enters filter from short tunnel ends, then laggard in each Channel filtration
Enter the longer clean gas end of passage, one end of cleaning gas passage is shut, clean gas is flowed into clean gas collector, it is short
The grit trapped in passage is periodically removed by reverse impulse air-flow.Ceramic filter was carried out to the dust in high-temperature fuel gas
Filter effect relatively good, but can not be widely used.(3)Wet dust removal.Conventional is wet scrubber, dusty gas by
Cylinder bottom is along being introduced tangentially into, and rotation rises, and grit is separated by centrifugal action, cylinder inboard wall is thrown to, by cylinder inboard wall
The water film of flowing is adsorbed, and bottom cone is flowed to water, is released through dust-exhausting port.The formation of water film is by being arranged in cylinder
The several nozzles in top, by water along being tangentially sprayed onto wall.So, cylinder inboard wall cover all the time one layer rotate flow downward it is ultra-thin
Moisture film, reaches the purpose for improving dust removing effects.This wet scrubber is simple in construction, and metal consumption is small, and water consumption is small.Its shortcoming
It is highly larger, difficult arrangement, and finds there is water phenomenon in actual motion.
A kind of bipolar corona discharge soot coalescence electric precipitation disclosed in the document of China Patent No. 200410066936.0
Method and apparatus, by the ultrafine dirt particle in ash-laden gas by positive and negative corona discharge region, makes it take positive negative electricity
Mutual coalescence aggregation turns into larger particles after lotus, then inputs electric cleaner progress electric precipitation.The implementation pole of the patented technology
It is complicated, and enforcement difficulty is larger.But the equipment is unfavorable for lasting corona using easily knot ash is being produced after corona electrode electric discharge
Electric discharge.And dry dust removal is unfavorable for the collection of dust, the pollution again of air is easily caused.China Patent No.
A kind of charged water mist synergy electrostatic dust removing method and device disclosed in 201010105584.0 document, by water fog charge device with
Electrostatic precipitator is combined, by water smoke to flue gas conditioning, the charged droplet containing agglomerator promote dust granules reunite and improve
The charging characteristic of dust granules, improves electrostatic precipitator removal efficiency.But the device does not adsorb cigarette in dust removal process to water smoke
When being post-processed, and being sprayed in pipeline after dirt, droplet can generate black dirt after being combined with flue dust and get rusty easily.China
A kind of high pressure charged water spray aggegation formula air cleaning unit, electric control gear disclosed in the document of the patent No. 201510158477.7
Electrically connected respectively with condensing unit, HV generator, automatic water-replenishing device, by each device cooperating syringe to reach dedusting
Purpose.But extremely complex inside the device box, internal HV generator can have certain potential safety hazard, and
Later stage carries out cleaning to internal system can be more complicated.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome existing dust removal method and the problems of equipment presence, there is provided a kind of heteropole
Property charged droplets coalescence dust arrester and method, secondary dust is also avoided that while realizing that ultra-thin micro-particle is effectively removed
Formation.
The technical scheme that a kind of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester of the present invention is used is:With a upper end closed
Cylinder, cylinder lower end connection waste liquid collecting box, inner barrel is provided with positioned at the left side of sustained height position, right side screen pack,
The underface of two screen packs is spaced apart to set porous ball filter layer and grit filter layer, and porous ball filter layer is closely folded
It is placed on grit filter layer, inner barrel is divided into upper, middle and lower three by two screen packs, porous ball filter layer and grit filter layer
Individual chamber, upper chamber both sides are provided with two air intake passages along the arrangement substantially symmetrical about its central axis of cylinder, an air intake passage and are equipped with
One air-introduced machine;Middle between two air-introduced machines is provided with one piece of dividing plate, and cylinder upper chamber is divided into left pretreatment chamber by dividing plate
With right pretreatment chamber, the bottom of dividing plate is connected between two screen packs, and remainder and the cylinder inboard wall of dividing plate are tightly connected;
Left and right two capillarys along body centre axial symmetry and from cylinder is stretched into outside cylinder are connected on the side wall of cylinder middle chamber
Pipe atomizer;Front forms negative electrostatic atomization area, the capillary mist on right side at the capillary atomizer spray outlet in left side
Change and positive electrostatic atomization area is formed in front of nozzle spray exit, formed at the underface in positive electrostatic atomization area and negative electrostatic atomization area
It is atomized coalescence area;Provided with the negative corona discharge electrode being connected with negative high voltage electrostatic generator below the capillary atomizer of left side,
Provided with the positive corona discharge electrode being connected with positive high voltage electrostatic generator below the capillary atomizer of right side, positive corona discharge electricity
Pole and negative corona discharge electrode are all connected with the side wall of cylinder middle chamber.
The technical scheme that a kind of dedusting of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester of the present invention is used is to include following step
Suddenly:
Dusty gas is conveyed into upper chamber by A, two air-introduced machines respectively, in the presence of dividing plate, dusty gas dust,
Dust-contained airflow is respectively enterd in Liang Ge pretreatment chamber, downwards by two screen packs, and two screen packs are by the plant in dusty gas
Fibres dust and larger dust granules are filtered out, respectively enterd under the gentle flow direction of the dust after filtering negative electrostatic atomization area and
Positive electrostatic atomization area;
B, two capillary atomizers in the presence of corresponding negative corona discharge electrode and positive corona discharge electrode,
Negative electrostatic atomization area and positive electrostatic atomization area form stable cone jet atomization, respectively in negative electrostatic atomization area and positive electrostatic atomization
Area produces the fine solid particle of two kinds of droplets or droplet group's absorption dusty gas with opposed polarity, and in air-flow and the work of gravity
Enter atomization coalescence area with lower, realize the coalescence of positive and negative charged droplets, form the larger drop of yardstick;
Drop after C, coalescence passes through porous ball filter layer and grit filter layer, and the dusty gas not adsorbed by drop is entered
It is collected in after row absorption and purification, drips in waste liquid collecting box.
The present invention has the advantage that after using above-mentioned technical proposal:
1. absorbing dust using the droplet of opposed polarity, it is electro-hydraulic to produce opposed polarity band by both positive and negative electrostatic atomization
Drop adsorbs ultra-thin micro-particle respectively, it is to avoid the shadow of dust itself polarity to absorption process during unipolarity removing dust
Ring, add the removal efficiency of fine solid particle.
2. drop after adsorption of dust completes coalescence, droplet yardstick is increased, is conducive to the sedimentation of drop, it is to avoid mist
The fine solid particle that drop evaporation is caused is produced again, overall assimilation effect is added, so as to realize the effective of ultra-thin micro-particle
Removing.
3. by control voltage, during electrostatic atomization during can form the uniform droplet of yardstick and suitable carried charge,
Improve the removal efficiency of superfine dust.
4. moisture film is contained on the packing material surface in porous ball filter layer and grit filter layer, gas can be further removed
Dust in stream, so as to improve the removal efficiency of dust.
5. realized using corona discharge and voltolising effect is formed between point electrode and capillary nozzle, can be effective
Kill bacterium in air-flow.
6. absorb the different in nature drop after dust completes coalescence in the common factor area of heteropolarity dispersed jet, and is falling
Coalescence is further completed in journey, is conducive to improving coalescence efficiency and the rate of settling.
7. being conducive to preferably adsorption of dust after water fog charge, it can be prevented effectively from because of droplet after heteropolarity drop coalescence
Too small and rapid evaporation in flue gas, so as to avoid the formation of secondary dust.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is A-A profiles in Fig. 1;
In Fig. 1:1. left air-introduced machine;2. screen pack;3. negative electrostatic atomization area;4. left liquid supply box;5. capillary atomizer;
6. negative high voltage electrostatic generator;7. negative corona discharge electrode;8. porous ball filter layer;9. grit filter layer;10. waste collection
Case;11. coalescence area;12. fixed support;13. positive corona discharge electrode;14. positive high voltage electrostatic generator;15. capillary is atomized
Nozzle;16. right liquid supply box;17. positive electrostatic atomization area;18. right air-introduced machine;19. screen pack;20. pretreatment chamber;21. dividing plate;
22. pretreatment chamber;23. cylinder.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence fume dust remover of the invention, with a cylinder 23, cylinder
23 upper end closed, lower end connection waste liquid collecting box 10, waste liquid collecting box 10 is connected with the inside of cylinder 23.The inside of cylinder 23 is provided with
It is separated between left side and the screen pack 2,19 on right side that two are located at sustained height position, the underface of two screen packs 2,19 certain
Distance is porous ball filter layer 8 and grit filter layer 9, and porous ball filter layer 8 and grit filter layer closely overlay one about 9
Rise, the lower section of porous ball filter layer 8 stacks grit filter layer 9.So, two screen packs 2,19, porous ball filter layer 8 and grit
Filter layer 9 will be divided into the chamber of upper, middle and lower three inside cylinder 23.Upper chamber both sides are provided with the cloth substantially symmetrical about its central axis along cylinder 23
Left and right air intake passage in two air intake passages put, such as Fig. 1, an air-introduced machine is installed in each air intake passage, is respectively
The air-introduced machine 1 in left side and the air-introduced machine 18 on right side.Dusty gas is transported to cylinder by two air-introduced machines 1,18 by air intake passage
In 23.
Central axis inside middle between two air-introduced machines 1,18, cylinder 23 is provided with one piece of dividing plate 21, referring to
Shown in Fig. 2, dividing plate 21 separates two strands of dusty gases that two air-introduced machines 1,18 are introduced, dividing plate 21 make the upper chamber of cylinder 23 by every
It is the pretreatment chamber 22 and the pretreatment chamber 20 on right side in left side respectively into Liang Ge pretreatment chamber.The bottom of dividing plate 21 is connected to two
Between individual screen pack 2,19, the remainder of dividing plate 21 is connected with the inner wall sealing of cylinder 23.Left side, the Liang Ge pretreatment chamber on right side
22nd, 20 connected by the screen pack 2,19 on corresponding left side, right side with the middle chamber of lower section.The screen pack 2 in left side and right side
Screen pack 19 by the support removably inwall of connector drum 23, can be cleaned with regular dismounting.
On the side wall of the middle chamber of cylinder 23, i.e., connected on the side wall of screen pack and porous ball filter layer 8 along cylinder
The substantially symmetrical about its central axis two capillary atomizer 5,15 of body 23, two capillary atomizers 5,15 are stretched outside cylinder 23
Enter in the middle chamber of cylinder 23, two capillary atomizers 5,15 are the capillary atomizer 5 in left side and the hair on right side respectively
Tubule atomizer 15, two capillary atomizers 5,15 are located at sustained height position.Two capillary atomizers 5,15
Internal diameter be 0.6 ~ 1.6mm, and in the horizontal direction be in -30 ° ~ 30 ° in the range of can adjust, to adapt to different fortune
Row operating mode.
Positive corona discharge electrode 13, the capillary atomization spray in left side are set in the lower section of the capillary atomizer 15 on right side
The lower section of mouth 5 sets negative corona discharge electrode 7.Positive corona discharge electrode 13 and negative corona discharge electrode 7 are also all connected to respectively
On the side wall of the middle chamber of cylinder 23.As in Fig. 1, the lower section of left side capillary atomizer 5 is negative corona discharge electrode 7, right
The lower section of side capillary atomizer 15 is positive corona discharge electrode 13.In positive corona discharge electrode 13, negative corona discharge electrode 7
Ins. ulative material is installed between the side wall of cylinder 23, to prevent electric leakage.
There are two liquid supply box 4,16 outside cylinder 23, two liquid supply box 4,16 are grounded.Two liquid supply box 4,16 respectively connect
A capillary atomizer is connect, each capillary atomizer 5,15 respectively passes through colloid pipeline and corresponding liquid supply box 4,16 phases
Even, it is each on each pipeline that choke valve and flowmeter are set, to control the liquid-gas ratio in running.Two liquid supply box 4,16 points
It is not the capillary atomizer 5 on the left of the liquid supply box 4 in left side and the liquid supply box 16 on right side, the connection of liquid supply box 4 in left side, right side
Liquid supply box 16 connection on the right side of capillary atomizer 15.There are two HV generators 6,14 outside cylinder 23,
It is the negative high voltage electrostatic generator 6 in left side and the positive high voltage electrostatic generator 14 on right side respectively.Negative high voltage electrostatic generator 6 passes through
Wire connection negative corona discharge electrode 7, positive high voltage electrostatic generator 14 connects positive corona discharge electrode 13 by wire.
In the middle chamber of cylinder 23, the exit front that the capillary atomizer 5 in left side is sprayed forms negative electrostatic mist
Change area 3, the exit front that the capillary atomizer 15 on right side is sprayed forms positive electrostatic atomization area 17, in positive electrostatic atomization area
17 and negative electrostatic atomization area 3 underface at form atomization coalescence area 11.The underface in atomization coalescence area 11 is porous ball filtering
Layer 8 and grit filter layer 9, porous ball filter layer 8 and grit filter layer 9 are fixedly mounted on the inwall of cylinder 23 by fixed support 12
On.
Porous ball filter layer 8 and grit filter layer 9, which serve in double medium filtration, the porous ball filter layer 8 on upper strata, diameter
Filled for 10.0mm hollow beads;Filler in the grit filter layer 9 of lower floor is the grit of 1.0 ~ 2.0mm particle diameters, grit
Filter layer 9 is very thin, and thickness is about 8.0 ~ 10.0mm.The middle chamber of cylinder 23 by porous ball filter layer 8 and grit filter layer 9 with
The lower chambers of cylinder 23 are communicated.The structure of lower chambers is the waste collection storage tank outside connection immediately below semi-spherical shape, lower chambers
10, waste liquid enters waste collection storage tank 10 through lower chambers, carries out waste collection.
When device works, air-introduced machine 1,18, liquid supply box 4,16, positive high voltage electrostatic generator 14, negative high voltage electrostatic hair are opened
Raw device 6 and capillary atomizer 5,15 and the choke valve and flowmeter on corresponding pipeline.Two air-introduced machines 1,18 are with speed
Dusty gas is conveyed into upper chamber respectively for 0.8 ~ 1.0m/s speed.In the presence of middle dividing plate 21, ash-laden gas
Body dust, dust-contained airflow enter in pretreatment chamber 20,22, and screen pack 2,19 is then passed through downwards, and screen pack 2,19 is by ash-laden gas
Plant fiber dust and larger dust granules in body are filtered out, and carry out pretreatment removing.Fibre-bearing dust after filtering
The air-flow negative electrostatic atomization area 3 and positive electrostatic atomization area 17 that enter immediately below screen pack 2,19.
Capillary atomizer 5,15 in the presence of corresponding negative corona discharge electrode 7 and positive corona discharge electrode 13,
Stable cone jet atomization is formed in negative electrostatic atomization area 3 and positive electrostatic atomization area 17, Charged Droplet size controlling is in 15 ~ 30 μ
M, and liquid-gas ratio control is realized 0.1 ~ 0.3% by flowmeter, liquid-gas ratio refers to the drop of atomization formation and the volume of waste gas
Than i.e. droplet size:Exhaust gas volume=0.1 ~ 0.3:100.Positive corona discharge electrode 13 and negative corona discharge electrode 7 pass through corona
The mode of electric discharge makes droplet powered, produces two with opposed polarity in negative electrostatic atomization area 3 and positive electrostatic atomization area 17 respectively
Droplet or droplet group are planted, the size controlling of droplet is at 20 ~ 50 μm.Positive and negative charged droplets are respectively in negative electrostatic atomization area 3 and just quiet
The fine solid particle of the dusty gas after screen pack 2,19 is adsorbed in electrospray area 17, and into mist in the presence of air-flow and gravity
Change coalescence area 11, realize the coalescence of positive and negative charged droplets(Now charged droplets dust-laden), form the larger drop of yardstick.This
Outside, it is not to be adsorbed in negative electrostatic atomization area 3 and positive electrostatic atomization area 17 due to the naturally charged institute's band polarity of dust
Dust, the charged droplets produced in atomization coalescence area 11 out of opposite polarity electrostatic atomization room are adsorbed, so as to improve thin
The overall arresting efficiency of micro mist dirt.Drop after coalescence is again by the porous ball filter layer 8 and grit of the lower section of atomization coalescence area 11
Filter layer 9, double filter layers can carry out further absorption and purification to the dusty gas not adsorbed by drop, realize dust
Further removing.Finally, dust-contained airflow is cleaned, and is collected in after drips in the waste liquid collecting box 10 of bottom.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester, the cylinder with a upper end closed(23), cylinder(23)Lower end
Connect waste liquid collecting box(10), it is characterized in that:Cylinder(23)Inside is provided with the left side for being located at sustained height position, right side screen pack
(2、19), two screen packs(2、19)Underface it is spaced apart set porous ball filter layer(8)With grit filter layer
(9), porous ball filter layer(8)Closely overlay grit filter layer(9)On, two screen packs(2、19), porous ball filter layer(8)
With grit filter layer(9)By cylinder(23)Inside is divided into the chamber of upper, middle and lower three, and upper chamber both sides are provided with along cylinder(23)'s
Equipped with an air-introduced machine in two air intake passages of arrangement substantially symmetrical about its central axis, each air intake passage;Two air-introduced machines(1、18)Between
Middle provided with one piece of dividing plate(21), dividing plate(21)By cylinder(23)Upper chamber is divided into left pretreatment chamber(22)With right pretreatment
Room(20), dividing plate(21)Bottom be connected to two screen packs(2、19)Between, dividing plate(21)Remainder and cylinder(23)
Inner wall sealing is connected;In cylinder(23)Connected on the side wall of middle chamber along cylinder(23)It is substantially symmetrical about its central axis and from cylinder(23)It is outside
Stretch into cylinder(23)In left and right two capillary atomizers(5、15);The capillary atomizer in left side(5)Spray outlet
Place front forms negative electrostatic atomization area(3), the capillary atomizer on right side(15)Front forms positive electrostatic mist at spray outlet
Change area(17), positive electrostatic atomization area(17)With negative electrostatic atomization area(3)Atomization coalescence area is formed at underface(11);Left side capillary
Pipe atomizer(5)Lower section is provided with and negative high voltage electrostatic generator(6)Connected negative corona discharge electrode(7), right side capillary
Atomizer(15)Lower section is provided with and positive high voltage electrostatic generator(14)Connected positive corona discharge electrode(13), positive corona discharge
Electrode(13)With negative corona discharge electrode(7)It is all connected with cylinder(23)The side wall of middle chamber.
2. a kind of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The porous ball mistake
Filtering layer(8)In be provided with a diameter of 10.0mm hollow beads, the grit filter layer(9)In provided with particle diameter for 1.0 ~ 2.0mm
Grit filler, grit filter layer(9)Thickness up and down be 8.0 ~ 10.0mm.
3. a kind of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Two screen packs
(2、19)Pass through support detachable connection cylinder(23)Inwall.
4. a kind of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Two capillary mists
Change nozzle(5、15)Internal diameter be 0.6 ~ 1.6mm, in the horizontal direction be in -30 ° ~ 30 ° in the range of it is adjustable.
5. a kind of dust removal method of heteropolarity charged droplets coalescence dust arrester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that including
Following steps:
A, two air-introduced machines(1、18)Dusty gas is conveyed into upper chamber respectively, in dividing plate(21)In the presence of, ash-laden gas
Body dust, dust-contained airflow respectively enter Liang Ge pretreatment chamber(20、22)In, downwards by two screen packs(2、19)By ash-laden gas
Plant fiber dust and larger dust granules in body are filtered out, and negative electrostatic is respectively enterd under the gentle flow direction of the dust after filtering
Range of atomization(3)With positive electrostatic atomization area(17);
B, two capillary atomizers(5、15)In corresponding negative corona discharge electrode(7)With positive corona discharge electrode(13)'s
Under effect, in negative electrostatic atomization area(3)With positive electrostatic atomization area(17)Stable cone jet atomization is formed, respectively in negative electrostatic mist
Change area(3)With positive electrostatic atomization area(17)Two kinds of droplets with opposed polarity or droplet group is produced to adsorb the thin of dusty gas
Micro mist dirt, and into atomization coalescence area in the presence of air-flow and gravity(11), the coalescence of positive and negative charged droplets is realized, chi is formed
The larger drop of degree;
Drop after C, coalescence passes through porous ball filter layer(8)With grit filter layer(9), to the dusty gas not adsorbed by drop
Adsorbed and purified, waste liquid collecting box is collected in after drips(10)It is interior.
6. dust removal method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that:Two air-introduced machines(1、18)With 0.8 ~ 1.0m/s speed
Dusty gas is conveyed into upper chamber, in negative electrostatic atomization area(3)With positive electrostatic atomization area(17)In Charged Droplet particle diameter
For 15 ~ 30 μm.
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CN104437068A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 南京中电环保科技有限公司 | Efficient wet desulfurization dust removal system and method |
CN105536409A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-05-04 | 海南大学 | Fog and haze treatment system |
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