CN105787159B - A kind of Product Modeling Method based on Products Eco system model - Google Patents
A kind of Product Modeling Method based on Products Eco system model Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105787159B CN105787159B CN201610084507.9A CN201610084507A CN105787159B CN 105787159 B CN105787159 B CN 105787159B CN 201610084507 A CN201610084507 A CN 201610084507A CN 105787159 B CN105787159 B CN 105787159B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- product
- individuals
- environment
- ecosystem
- population
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 116
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims description 103
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 27
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/30—Circuit design
- G06F30/32—Circuit design at the digital level
- G06F30/33—Design verification, e.g. functional simulation or model checking
- G06F30/3323—Design verification, e.g. functional simulation or model checking using formal methods, e.g. equivalence checking or property checking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/004—Artificial life, i.e. computing arrangements simulating life
- G06N3/006—Artificial life, i.e. computing arrangements simulating life based on simulated virtual individual or collective life forms, e.g. social simulations or particle swarm optimisation [PSO]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Computational Linguistics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Product Modeling Methods based on Products Eco system model, the concept of the ecosystem in biology is introduced into product, the Products Eco system includes environment, product individual, Product Population and product group, the environment changes over time, factor including directly or indirectly influencing product composition, the product individual is the single part for forming product, the Product Population is the part in product with identical structure and function, the product group is the combination that the population of some function is realized in product, method includes the following steps: (1) is respectively to the environment, product individual, Product Population and product group establish model；(2) network of personal connections of Products Eco system is established, the model and network of personal connections of step (1) collectively form the ecological models of product.Compared with prior art, the present invention has many advantages, such as intelligence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of intelligent product design, and particularly relates to a product modeling method based on a product ecosystem model.
Background
Modern industry has the characteristics of information density and knowledge density, and in order to meet development requirements, a product design method is in the development direction of intellectualization, integration and automation, and intelligent design is a necessary trend for solving the problem. Intelligent design, i.e. a new system formed by combining artificial intelligence and a computer aided design system. The method takes the functional requirements of users as input, takes the product design scheme description as output, and comprehensively considers the functions, performance, materials, processes and the like of the product to optimize the scheme, thereby achieving the aim of automatic design.
As the structure of the product tends to be complex, the functions tend to be compounded and integrated, and the design process of the product is oriented to complex products. Complex products refer to high cost, large scale, high technology, engineering intensive products, subsystems, systems or facilities; the complex product has complex customer requirements, complex product composition, complex manufacturing process, complex test maintenance, complex project management and complex working environment. In practice, however, not all complex products are designed from scratch, and it has been found that about 70% of product designs can be classified as adaptive designs, i.e., product design changes. The design change refers to the change and modification of the design standard state expressed in the original construction drawing and design file by the design department. Studies have shown that design changes in complex products can result in losses as high as ten million. Therefore, research is required for a design change process existing in a large amount in the design process of a complex product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an intelligent product modeling method based on a product ecosystem model, which introduces an ecosystem concept into a product design process, proposes the product ecosystem concept, and establishes a system relationship network by using a behavior stream theory to model the product ecosystem.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a product modeling method based on a product ecosystem model introduces the concept of an ecosystem in biology into a product, wherein the product ecosystem comprises an environment, product individuals, a product population and a product community, the environment changes along with time and comprises factors directly or indirectly influencing the composition of the product, the product individuals are single parts forming the product, the product population is parts with the same structure and function in the product, and the product community is a combination of the populations realizing certain function in the product, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively establishing models for the environment, the product individuals, the product population and the product community;
(2) and (3) establishing a relational network of the product ecosystem, wherein the model in the step (1) and the relational network jointly form an ecosystem model of the product.
The model of the environment is as follows:
ENV＝{object,t,n,CPN-E}
wherein,object represents an object for which the environment is intended; t tableShowing time, with an initial value of 0, n representing the number of composition factors in said environment, and CPN-E representing the content of said environmentAll factors being constituent factors CPNiComposition factor influence weight omegaiInfluence relationship f (CPN) between composition factor and objecti,object), component factor CPNiRefers to a product individual, a product population, or a product community that is directly related to an object.
The model of the product individual is as follows:
PI-obj＝{object,Sobj,Fobj,RESobj,ENV-obj}
wherein object represents an individual product, SobjThe structural information representing the individual product is a set of material, shape and size of the individual product, FobjRepresenting the function of the individual, FobjThe value range of (1) is connection, transmission, support, energy storage, RESobjRepresenting the limiting conditions of the product individuals, and ENV-obj representing the environment of the product individuals and using an environment expression to express.
The model of the product population is as follows:
PP＝{object,n,Fobj，∪PI,ENV-PP}，PI∈PP
wherein object represents the product individuals in the product population, n is the number of product individuals in the product population, FobjThe common function of the product individuals, ∪ PI is the collection of the existing product individuals in the product population, and ENV-PP represents the environment of the product population.
The product community model is as follows:
PC＝{F，∪PC,∪f(PC),ENV-PC}
wherein F represents functions of product populations constituting the product community, ∪ PC represents a set of all product populations within the product community, ∪ F (PC) represents relationships between the product populations, and ENV-PC represents an environment in which the product community is located.
In the product ecosystem, the product communities are connected together according to a set relationship to realize the functions of the product.
The relational network of the product ecosystem comprises nodes and edges, wherein the nodes are product individuals, and the edges are used for connecting two directly related nodes.
On the basis of behavior flow, aiming at the defects in the current product concept design, the invention innovatively introduces an ecosystem as an ecology category from the viewpoint of behavior, and provides a product ecosystem model based on the behavior flow to solve the problems.
As a theoretical basis of the invention, the invention researches an ecosystem, mainly an organization structure and an autonomous evolution mechanism thereof. An ecosystem (ecosystem) generally refers to a system formed by interaction between living organisms (living parts) living in a certain area and the surrounding environment (non-living parts), wherein the living parts and the non-living parts in the ecosystem are interdependent, mutually restricted, equally important and none important.
In the ecosystem, the non-biological part contains the environment and other material raw materials. The biological part can be divided into a plurality of parts according to different standards.
The biological part in the ecosystem is divided into the following factors according to the characteristics of functions, the size of a scale, the variation range of energy and the like: community, population and individual (the invention only studies the levels above the individual level). Individuals are the most fundamental constituent elements in ecosystems. Population refers to the sum of individuals of the same species of organism over time and space. Communities are a natural combination of various populations of organisms that inhabit a certain area. For example, one sheep in a grassland is an individual, and all sheep constitute a population, while all populations in a grassland constitute a community.
Organisms are classified into producers, consumers, decomposers according to their role in the mass and energy transfer of the system: the producer has the main function of fixing solar energy and chemical energy through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, and is a channel for external energy to enter an ecological system; the consumer cannot absorb energy directly in the system environment, but relies directly or indirectly on the organic matter produced by the producer. The consumer plays an important role in regulating and controlling the number of other biological populations in an ecological system; the decomposer acts contrary to the producer, mainly releasing energy. The link between the three is mainly expressed by the form of the food chain.
The ecosystem is not a constant, organized whole formed by the organisms within the system linked through a food network and interacting with the environment. Under certain environmental conditions, the internal structure of the composite material can be continuously present, which indicates that the structure has certain stability. The ecosystem is an organic whole with a certain structure and a self-adaptive function as an organized whole. To adapt to the changing environment, the ecosystem is always actively evolving in a certain way, constantly through internal self-organizing processes to make the whole system consistent. This adaptivity is the most fundamental function of various organisms.
The adaptive mechanism of the ecosystem is as follows: aiming at the change of the environment, the organism directly influenced is changed, the change is spread in the system, the balance of the ecological system is damaged, and negative feedback reduces the influence brought by the change of the environment through population adjustment and adapts to the change of the environment.
The ecological system realizes the autonomous evolution process through the self-organization and self-adaptation of the system, namely, the internal structure can be autonomously and automatically adjusted to adapt to the environmental change for the change of the external environment. The implementation of autonomous evolution is based on the organization structure of the system, i.e. the composition factors and the relationships between the factors: the individuals evolve themselves, and a plurality of individuals are mutually influenced and mutually selected through a relationship network, so that the system is promoted to be self-adaptive to the outside.
Similarity exists between product design and an ecosystem in the processes of organizational structure and evolution:
1. ecosystems and complex product systems have similarities: they all consist of multiple individuals, have complex internal organizational structures, and the system presents higher complexity; under certain conditions, the system has a stable tissue structure and is in a relatively balanced state; the system performs certain functions through mass exchange, energy flow and information transfer between individuals.
2. For the product design process, there is similarity to the ecosystem: firstly, similar to biological individuals, product individuals have life cycles of generation, evolution, elimination and disappearance; individuals exist in a specific environment, follow a natural selection rule proposed by Darwinian, and when the individuals are no longer suitable for the environment, the products are eliminated, interact with the environment and influence each other; in addition, the product exchanges materials, energy and information with the environment to adapt to the environment.
Therefore, the product system can be regarded as an ecosystem, an evolution mechanism in the ecosystem is simulated, and the autonomous evolution of the product system is realized to adapt to the environmental change. The invention introduces an ecosystem concept into a complex product system, and defines the whole product organization as a product ecosystem. And the product ecosystem adapts to the change of the external environment through the internal self-organization process like the ecosystem, and has the capability of autonomous evolution reasoning.
Defining a product ecosystem: in a certain space range, different constituent elements are mutually influenced and mutually selected through the exchange and transmission of substances, energy and information, and the constituent elements are externally used as a complete system to realize a certain function to adapt to the environment, and the complete function unit is called as a product ecosystem.
In order to realize the self-adaptation of the product ecosystem to the environment, different constituent elements in the system are mutually linked and influenced through a certain organizational structure. Its constituent elements are first analyzed.
Similar to the ecosystem, the constituent elements of the product ecosystem are divided into product-like elements and environments.
Environment (ENV): the environment refers to the sum of everything around a particular individual or product population, including various factors that directly or indirectly affect the survival of the product population.
For the product ecosystem, the environment refers to the sum of all non-product elements around, including various factors that directly or indirectly affect the survival of the product population. The environment provides material and energy for the product elements.
The whole machine is regarded as a product ecosystem, and components in the product ecosystem are divided into three organization levels of product individuals, product populations and product communities according to functional characteristics and whether the components can be split or not.
1 individual product, i.e. "part": non-detachable individual pieces that make up the product ecosystem. Parts are the most basic units that make up a machine. For example, a nut is a component.
2 product population, i.e. "part type": the collection of the same kind of product individuals in a certain space. Parts with the same structural and functional characteristics constitute the same group. For example, all nuts in the entire system constitute a population.
3 product community, i.e. "part": and realizing the population combination of a certain function in the system. The community may be one individual or a combination of multiple individuals. In this combination, one individual plays a dominant role, it performs a given action (or function), and the other individuals only play an auxiliary role in connection, fastening, etc. For example, the door is fixed to the wall by hinges. Among them, the door is a main part. The component can perform simple functions such as rotation.
Different parts and components of the product are connected together in a certain organization structure, and system functions are realized together through relative motion, conversion or utilization of mechanical energy.
According to different functions, different parts can be divided into:
the connection function is as follows: the connection of different parts is realized. Such as threaded couplings, wedge couplings, pin couplings, rivets, etc.
The transfer function is as follows: belt drive for transmitting motion and energy, transmission shaft, etc.
The supporting function is as follows: and parts with the functions of bearing and supporting, such as a bearing, a box body, a machine base and the like.
Energy storage function: such as flywheels, springs, etc., for energy transfer and conversion.
Other functions.
In the ecological system of the product, parts for realizing different functions are connected together according to a certain relation, and the circulation of substances and the transfer of energy are realized.
Through the above functional classification of the components, we can clearly understand the material and energy flow direction between individuals in the system. The relationship between the individual parts is defined as follows:
(1) mutual aid in species and competition in species.
Similar to the ecosystem, there are intraspecific mutual aid and intraspecific competition in product populations.
(2) Unlike ecosystems, different individuals perform functions through defined relative movements during the product design process. Based on this view, interspecies relationships can be defined:
1 symbiosis: the individuals can not exist independently, and can complete corresponding functions only when the individuals exist together, such as: the blade fixes the door on the wall body, and in the process, the blade and the screw jointly complete the fixing function.
2, co-habitat: individuals may exist individually, but when they are present at the same time, there is a beneficial effect on both parties. Such as: two parts connected together by a pin.
3, predation: the mass or energy of one individual is dependent on the output of another individual, such as the movement of a connecting rod to transfer energy from one side to the other, with parts on either side of the conveyor having a predatory relationship.
4, parasitizing: one component must be connected to another component to perform a certain function. The part cannot exist alone, but whether the part exists or not does not affect other parts. Example (c): a piston ring.
5 competition: the individuals perform the same function, e.g., using rectangular tiles and square tiles to cover the same floor.
Modeling of elements in a system
In the above, the relation between the parts is based on the prior design knowledge and is completed manually. To automate this process, the relevant mathematical definitions are given in conjunction with the functional attributes as follows:
environment 1 (Environment, ENV): the environment changes with time for a particular object. Therefore, the environment is expressed as
ENV＝{object,t,n,CPN-E}
In the formula, object represents an object targeted by the environment; t represents time, and the initial value is 0; n represents the number of composition factors in the environment; CPN-E represents all factors contained in the environment, and is a constituent factor CPNiComposition factor influence weight omegaiInfluence relationship f (CPN) between composition factor and objectiObject). The composition factor refers to product individuals, product populations, product communities or other material factors directly related to the object, the larger the influence on the object is, the larger the weight is, and the influence relation on the object can be defined to be expressed by an equation set.
Product Individual (Product industrial, PI):
PI-obj＝{object,Sobj,Fobj,RESobj,ENV-obj}
Sobjwhether or not | material | outward shape | size … }can be changed
Wherein object represents an individual product, SobjThe structural information representing the individual product is a set of material, shape and size of the individual product, FobjRepresenting the individual function information of the product, and the value range is connection, transmission, support, energy storage and the like. RES (resource representation)objRepresenting the individual limitations of the product. ENV-obj stands for productThe environment of the product is represented by an environment expression.
Product Population (Product Population, PP):
PP＝{object,n,Fobj，∪PI,ENV-PP}，PI∈PP
the parts of the same group have the same structure and functional characteristics. Thus, in the formula, object represents the product individual in the product population, n is the number of product individuals in the product population, FobjThe common function of the product individuals is represented by ∪ object which is the set of the existing product individuals in the product population, and ENV-PP represents the environment of the product population.
Product Community (PC):
PC＝{F，∪PC,∪f(PC),ENV-PC}
wherein, F represents the function of the product population forming the product community, ∪ PC represents the set of all product populations in the product community, ∪ F (PC) represents the relationship among the product populations, such as symbiosis, competition, etc. ENV-PP represents the environment where the product community is located.
Symbiosis:PI1、PI2and the functional groups can not exist independently and can complete the function F when the functional groups coexist.
Co-habitation:PI1、PI2may exist separately, may be advantageous for each other when present together and perform function F.
Predation:PI1、PI2can exist independently, PI2Is dependent on PI1To output of (c).
Parasitizing:PI1dependent on PI2Complete function F, and PI1Is dependent on PI2，PI2Presence of and PI1Whether or not there is nothing.
Competition:PI1、PI2all can realize functions F, PI1Is increased to result in PI2Is reduced.
In the product ecosystem, the product communities are connected together according to a set relationship, and the functions of the products are realized.
Concept of system relationship network:
in order to describe the relation among the composition factors of the product ecosystem and the information flow in the product ecosystem, a system relation network is established to model the product ecosystem by combining the concept of a food chain in the ecosystem.
Defining a system relationship network: for a particular product ecosystem, the network structure is used to represent the connections between the constituent components: the nodes represent different individuals in the system, the edges represent the connection between the individuals, when the two nodes are directly related, one edge is connected, otherwise, the edges are not connected.
Because the design steps are multiple, the design structure is complex and the relationship among nodes is various in the product design process, the simple network cannot accurately describe the modeling process, and the complex network is used for modeling the system structure. The community structure in a complex network can visually represent the concepts of individuals, populations and communities: the system is composed of different populations, the individuals in the populations are closely connected, and the populations are connected with other populations through limited individuals. Because the relationship between the individual and the community is influenced in two ways, an undirected graph is adopted to represent the relationship network.
A system relationship network modeling process:
the relationship between individuals is ultimately the structural and energy relationship that exists to achieve the transfer of substances and energy. And the behavior is the origin of the change of the substance and energy state, so the relationship between individuals is constructed by using the behavior. The invention uses a complex network to represent the internal relation network of the system and uses behavior flow to construct the relation network.
Behavior flow definition:
the invention considers that the behavior is objectively existed and is objectively represented by individual change process and result. The invention considers the behavior (B) from the function perspective, considers that the function is realized through the execution of the behavior, each behavior realizes a certain function, certain input is converted into specific output, and complex behaviors can be further divided into lower-level behaviors.
Defining a behavior: a behavior is a change to the state of an operand. For product design, the state of an object mainly refers to the structure and function information of the object.
Defining the product behavior as B, wherein the mathematical expression of the behavior B is as follows:
where F denotes the function that the behavior completes, F ═ Δ MAT, Δ E, Δ MAT available doublet (MAT)in,MATout) Is expressed as MATin、MAToutRespectively representing input and output substances. Δ E represents the change in energy, including the transition between potential energy Ep, kinetic energy Ek, thermal energy Q, and the change in the total amount of energy.
Wherein PI-Obj is the set of individuals representing the individuals directly affected by the behavior. n represents the number of individuals affected by the behavior. f represents a behavior change function, is a quantitative relation between two individuals, and can be expressed by an equation in a real environment.
Some functions are implemented by behaviors that occur in parallel, some functions are implemented by behaviors that occur in series, the sequence of behaviors that implement any function is composed of behaviors in parallel and in series, and the behaviors themselves may be composed of lower-level behaviors in parallel and in series.
Defining a behavior flow: the sequence of actions that implement a particular function is referred to as the flow of actions for that function:
BF＝{F,(B|(B∪B))+}
where F denotes a function that the behavior flow completes, and may also be expressed using (Δ MAT, Δ E).
B represents a behavior, the symbol "|" represents that the behaviors are performed in series, the later behavior can be executed only after the previous behavior is finished, the symbol "+" represents that the behavior is contained at least once, and F is the function realized by the behavior flow.
Establishing a system relation network based on the behavior flow theory:
through the definition of the behaviors and the behavior flow, the individuals can be related through the corresponding behaviors on the basis of modeling based on the system composition factors.
And establishing individual nodes according to the existing individuals. And (3) realizing the mapping from functions to behaviors by using a behavior flow theory, establishing a material and energy relation between individual nodes influenced by the functions, quantitatively expressing by using a behavior change function, and finally establishing a complete system relation graph. It can be seen that when the environment where the system is located changes, the state of the individual is changed through the behavior, and the change of the state is transmitted through the behavior in the system relationship diagram. At the end of the process, the system relation graph expresses the relation among the individuals in the system, and when the system changes, changes of the individual states are transmitted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the concept of an ecosystem is innovatively introduced into a product system, the whole product mechanism is defined as the product ecosystem, and the product ecosystem is considered to be adaptive to the change of an external environment through an internal self-organization process and has the capability of autonomous evolution reasoning, like the ecosystem;
(2) the invention divides the product ecosystem into three levels of individuals, populations and communities, establishes respective mathematical models and realizes the interaction among the individuals, the populations and the communities;
(3) the relation among the system individuals is expressed by using behaviors, the behaviors directly correspond to the structure, and a system relation network is established on the basis of behavior flow to model a product ecosystem, so that the product model has practicability and is suitable for a dynamic process of propagation and resolution of design change;
(4) the product ecosystem can simulate an ecosystem in nature, can express all components and the relation in the system, is more suitable for the dynamic process of propagation and resolution, is used as a propagation carrier of product design change, and provides a good model carrier for further researching the product design change.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a product ecosystem relational network.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
On the basis of behavior flow, aiming at the defects in the current product concept design, the invention innovatively introduces an ecosystem as an ecology category from the viewpoint of behavior, and provides a product ecosystem model based on the behavior flow to solve the problems.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a product modeling method based on a product ecosystem model introduces the concept of an ecosystem in biology into a product, the product ecosystem comprises an environment, a product individual, a product population and a product community, the environment changes along with time and comprises factors directly or indirectly influencing the product constitution, the product individual is a single part forming the product, the product population is a part with the same structure and function in the product, the product community is a combination of populations realizing certain function in the product, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively establishing models for the environment, the product individuals, the product population and the product community;
(2) and (3) establishing a relational network of the product ecosystem, wherein the model in the step (1) and the relational network jointly form an ecosystem model of the product.
As a theoretical basis of the invention, the invention researches an ecosystem, mainly an organization structure and an autonomous evolution mechanism thereof. An ecosystem (ecosystem) generally refers to a system formed by interaction between living organisms (living parts) living in a certain area and the surrounding environment (non-living parts), wherein the living parts and the non-living parts in the ecosystem are interdependent, mutually restricted, equally important and none important.
In the ecosystem, the non-biological part contains the environment and other material raw materials. The biological part can be divided into a plurality of parts according to different standards.
The biological part in the ecosystem is divided into the following factors according to the characteristics of functions, the size of a scale, the variation range of energy and the like: community, population and individual (the invention only studies the levels above the individual level). Individuals are the most fundamental constituent elements in ecosystems. Population refers to the sum of individuals of the same species of organism over time and space. Communities are a natural combination of various populations of organisms that inhabit a certain area. For example, one sheep in a grassland is an individual, and all sheep constitute a population, while all populations in a grassland constitute a community.
Organisms are classified into producers, consumers, decomposers according to their role in the mass and energy transfer of the system: the producer has the main function of fixing solar energy and chemical energy through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, and is a channel for external energy to enter an ecological system; the consumer cannot absorb energy directly in the system environment, but relies directly or indirectly on the organic matter produced by the producer. The consumer plays an important role in regulating and controlling the number of other biological populations in an ecological system; the decomposer acts contrary to the producer, mainly releasing energy. The link between the three is mainly expressed by the form of the food chain.
The ecosystem is not a constant, organized whole formed by the organisms within the system linked through a food network and interacting with the environment. Under certain environmental conditions, the internal structure of the composite material can be continuously present, which indicates that the structure has certain stability. The ecosystem is an organic whole with a certain structure and a self-adaptive function as an organized whole. To adapt to the changing environment, the ecosystem is always actively evolving in a certain way, constantly through internal self-organizing processes to make the whole system consistent. This adaptivity is the most fundamental function of various organisms.
The adaptive mechanism of the ecosystem is as follows: aiming at the change of the environment, the organism directly influenced is changed, the change is spread in the system, the balance of the ecological system is damaged, and negative feedback reduces the influence brought by the change of the environment through population adjustment and adapts to the change of the environment.
The ecological system realizes the autonomous evolution process through the self-organization and self-adaptation of the system, namely, the internal structure can be autonomously and automatically adjusted to adapt to the environmental change for the change of the external environment. The implementation of autonomous evolution is based on the organization structure of the system, i.e. the composition factors and the relationships between the factors: the individuals evolve themselves, and a plurality of individuals are mutually influenced and mutually selected through a relationship network, so that the system is promoted to be self-adaptive to the outside.
Similarity exists between product design and an ecosystem in the processes of organizational structure and evolution:
1. ecosystems and complex product systems have similarities: they all consist of multiple individuals, have complex internal organizational structures, and the system presents higher complexity; under certain conditions, the system has a stable tissue structure and is in a relatively balanced state; the system performs certain functions through mass exchange, energy flow and information transfer between individuals.
2. For the product design process, there is similarity to the ecosystem: firstly, similar to biological individuals, product individuals have life cycles of generation, evolution, elimination and disappearance; individuals exist in a specific environment, follow a natural selection rule proposed by Darwinian, and when the individuals are no longer suitable for the environment, the products are eliminated, interact with the environment and influence each other; in addition, the product exchanges materials, energy and information with the environment to adapt to the environment.
Therefore, the product system can be regarded as an ecosystem, an evolution mechanism in the ecosystem is simulated, and the autonomous evolution of the product system is realized to adapt to the environmental change. The invention introduces an ecosystem concept into a complex product system, and defines the whole product organization as a product ecosystem. And the product ecosystem adapts to the change of the external environment through the internal self-organization process like the ecosystem, and has the capability of autonomous evolution reasoning.
Defining a product ecosystem: in a certain space range, different constituent elements are mutually influenced and mutually selected through the exchange and transmission of substances, energy and information, and the constituent elements are externally used as a complete system to realize a certain function to adapt to the environment, and the complete function unit is called as a product ecosystem.
In order to realize the self-adaptation of the product ecosystem to the environment, different constituent elements in the system are mutually linked and influenced through a certain organizational structure. Its constituent elements are first analyzed.
Similar to the ecosystem, the constituent elements of the product ecosystem are divided into product-like elements and environments.
Environment (ENV): the environment refers to the sum of everything around a particular individual or product population, including various factors that directly or indirectly affect the survival of the product population.
For the product ecosystem, the environment refers to the sum of all non-product elements around, including various factors that directly or indirectly affect the survival of the product population. The environment provides material and energy for the product elements.
The whole machine is regarded as a product ecosystem, and components in the product ecosystem are divided into three organization levels of product individuals, product populations and product communities according to functional characteristics and whether the components can be split or not.
1 individual product, i.e. "part": non-detachable individual pieces that make up the product ecosystem. Parts are the most basic units that make up a machine. For example, a nut is a component.
2 product population, i.e. "part type": the collection of the same kind of product individuals in a certain space. Parts with the same structural and functional characteristics constitute the same group. For example, all nuts in the entire system constitute a population.
3 product community, i.e. "part": and realizing the population combination of a certain function in the system. The community may be one individual or a combination of multiple individuals. In this combination, one individual plays a dominant role, it performs a given action (or function), and the other individuals only play an auxiliary role in connection, fastening, etc. For example, the door is fixed to the wall by hinges. Among them, the door is a main part. The component can perform simple functions such as rotation.
Different parts and components of the product are connected together in a certain organization structure, and system functions are realized together through relative motion, conversion or utilization of mechanical energy.
According to different functions, different parts can be divided into:
the connection function is as follows: the connection of different parts is realized. Such as threaded couplings, wedge couplings, pin couplings, rivets, etc.
The transfer function is as follows: belt drive for transmitting motion and energy, transmission shaft, etc.
The supporting function is as follows: and parts with the functions of bearing and supporting, such as a bearing, a box body, a machine base and the like.
Energy storage function: such as flywheels, springs, etc., for energy transfer and conversion.
Other functions.
In the ecological system of the product, parts for realizing different functions are connected together according to a certain relation, and the circulation of substances and the transfer of energy are realized.
Through the above functional classification of the components, we can clearly understand the material and energy flow direction between individuals in the system. The relationship between the individual parts is defined as follows:
(1) mutual aid in species and competition in species.
Similar to the ecosystem, there are intraspecific mutual aid and intraspecific competition in product populations.
(2) Unlike ecosystems, different individuals perform functions through defined relative movements during the product design process. Based on this view, interspecies relationships can be defined:
1 symbiosis: the individuals can not exist independently, and can complete corresponding functions only when the individuals exist together, such as: the blade fixes the door on the wall body, and in the process, the blade and the screw jointly complete the fixing function.
2, co-habitat: individuals may exist individually, but when they are present at the same time, there is a beneficial effect on both parties. Such as: two parts joined together by a pin.
3, predation: the mass or energy of one individual is dependent on the output of another individual, such as the movement of a connecting rod to transfer energy from one side to the other, with parts on either side of the conveyor having a predatory relationship.
4, parasitizing: one component must be connected to another component to perform a certain function. The part cannot exist alone, but whether the part exists or not does not affect other parts. Example (c): a piston ring.
5 competition: the individuals perform the same function, e.g., using rectangular tiles and square tiles to cover the same floor.
Modeling of elements in a system
In the above, the relation between the parts is based on the prior design knowledge and is completed manually. To automate this process, the relevant mathematical definitions are given in conjunction with the functional attributes as follows:
environment 1 (Environment, ENV): the environment changes with time for a particular object. Therefore, the environment is expressed as:
ENV＝{object,t,n,CPN-E}
in the formula, object represents an object targeted by the environment; t represents time, and the initial value is 0; n represents the number of composition factors in the environment; CPN-E represents all factors contained in the environment, and is a constituent factor CPNiComposition factor influence weight omegaiInfluence relationship f (CPN) between composition factor and objectiObject). Wherein, the composition factor refers to individual, population, community or other matter factors directly related to the object, the larger the influence on the object, the larger the weight, the influence relationship on the object can be definedAnd (4) representing a program group.
Product Individual (Product industrial, PI):
PI-obj＝{object,Sobj,Fobj,RESobj,ENV-obj}
Sobjwhether or not | material | outward shape | size … }can be changed
Wherein object represents an individual product, SobjStructural information representing an individual, FobjRepresenting individual function information, and the value range is connection, transmission, support, energy storage and the like. RES (resource representation)objRepresenting the individual's own limitations. ENV-obj represents the environment in which the individual is located, and is expressed by using an environment expression.
Product Population (Product Population, PP):
PP＝{object,n,Fobj，∪PI,ENV-PP}，PI∈PP
the parts of the same group have the same structure and functional characteristics. Thus, in the formula, object represents the product individual in the product population, n is the number of product individuals in the product population, FobjThe function is the common function of the product individuals, ∪ object is the set of the existing product individuals in the product population, and ENV-PP represents the environment of the product population.
Product Community (PC):
PC＝{F，∪PC,∪f(PC),ENV-PC}
wherein, F represents the function realized by the population, ∪ PC represents the set of all the populations in the community, ∪ F (PC) represents the relationship among the populations, such as symbiosis, competition, etc. for the relationship among the populations in the system, it can also be represented as:
symbiosis:PI1、PI2and the functional groups can not exist independently and can complete the function F when the functional groups coexist.
Co-habitation:PI1、PI2may exist separately, may be advantageous for each other when present together and perform function F.
Predation:PI1、PI2can exist independently, PI2Is dependent on PI1To output of (c).
Parasitizing:PI1dependent on PI2Complete function F, and PI1Is dependent on PI2，PI2Presence of and PI1Whether or not there is nothing.
Competition:PI1、PI2all can realize functions F, PI1Is increased to result in PI2Is reduced.
In the product ecosystem, the product communities are connected together according to a set relationship, and the functions of the products are realized.
Concept of system relationship network:
in order to describe the relation among the composition factors of the product ecosystem and the information flow in the product ecosystem, a system relation network is established to model the product ecosystem by combining the concept of a food chain in the ecosystem.
Defining a system relationship network: for a particular product ecosystem, the network structure is used to represent the connections between the constituent components: the nodes represent different individuals in the system, the edges represent the connection between the individuals, when the two nodes are directly related, one edge is connected, otherwise, the edges are not connected.
Because the design steps are multiple, the design structure is complex and the relationship among nodes is various in the product design process, the simple network cannot accurately describe the modeling process, and the complex network is used for modeling the system structure. The community structure in a complex network can visually represent the concepts of individuals, populations and communities: the system is composed of different populations, the individuals in the populations are closely connected, and the populations are connected with other populations through limited individuals. Because the relationship between the individual and the community is influenced in two ways, an undirected graph is adopted to represent the relationship network.
As shown in fig. 1, the relational network of the product ecosystem includes nodes and edges, the nodes are product individuals, and the edges are used for connecting two directly related nodes.
A system relationship network modeling process:
the relationship between individuals is ultimately the structural and energy relationship that exists to achieve the transfer of substances and energy. And the behavior is the origin of the change of the substance and energy state, so the relationship between individuals is constructed by using the behavior. The invention uses a complex network to represent the internal relation network of the system and uses behavior flow to construct the relation network.
Behavior flow definition:
the invention considers that the behavior is objectively existed and is objectively represented by individual change process and result. The invention considers the behavior (B) from the function perspective, considers that the function is realized through the execution of the behavior, each behavior realizes a certain function, certain input is converted into specific output, and complex behaviors can be further divided into lower-level behaviors.
Defining a behavior: a behavior is a change to the state of an operand. For product design, the state of an object mainly refers to the structure and function information of the object.
Defining the product behavior as B, wherein the mathematical expression of the behavior B is as follows:
where F denotes the function that the behavior completes, F ═ Δ MAT, Δ E, Δ MAT available doublet (MAT)in,MATout) Is expressed as MATin、MAToutRespectively representing input and output substances. Δ E represents the change in energy, including the transition between potential energy Ep, kinetic energy Ek, thermal energy Q, and the change in the total amount of energy.
Wherein PI-Obj is the set of individuals representing the individuals directly affected by the behavior. n represents the number of individuals affected by the behavior. f represents a behavior change function, is a quantitative relation between two individuals, and can be expressed by an equation in a real environment.
Some functions are implemented by behaviors that occur in parallel, some functions are implemented by behaviors that occur in series, the sequence of behaviors that implement any function is composed of behaviors in parallel and in series, and the behaviors themselves may be composed of lower-level behaviors in parallel and in series.
Defining a behavior flow: the sequence of actions that implement a particular function is referred to as the flow of actions for that function:
BF＝{F,(B|(B∪B))+}
where F denotes a function that the behavior flow completes, and may also be expressed using (Δ MAT, Δ E).
B represents a behavior, the symbol "|" represents that the behaviors are performed in series, the later behavior can be executed only after the previous behavior is finished, the symbol "+" represents that the behavior is contained at least once, and F is the function realized by the behavior flow.
Establishing a system relation network based on the behavior flow theory:
through the definition of the behaviors and the behavior flow, the individuals can be related through the corresponding behaviors on the basis of modeling based on the system composition factors.
And establishing individual nodes according to the existing individuals. And (3) realizing the mapping from functions to behaviors by using a behavior flow theory, establishing a material and energy relation between individual nodes influenced by the functions, quantitatively expressing by using a behavior change function, and finally establishing a complete system relation graph. It can be seen that when the environment where the system is located changes, the state of the individual is changed through the behavior, and the change of the state is transmitted through the behavior in the system relationship diagram. At the end of the process, the system relation graph expresses the relation among the individuals in the system, and when the system changes, changes of the individual states are transmitted.
The engine is an energy conversion mechanism, namely the heat energy of gasoline (diesel oil) is converted into mechanical energy by pushing a piston to do work when combustion gas expands in a sealed cylinder, which is the most basic principle of the engine.
The engine is composed of a plurality of subsystems which are mutually interacted, is a complex product, and the current engine is composed of two large mechanisms and five large systems. The embodiment takes a crank link mechanism as an example to explain the engine autonomous evolution reasoning process and the result thereof.
A crank-link mechanism is a power transmission system in a reciprocating internal combustion engine. The crank connecting rod mechanism is the main motion part of the engine for realizing the work cycle and finishing the energy conversion. In the working stroke, the heat energy generated by fuel combustion is converted into mechanical energy from the rotation of the crankshaft, and power is output outwards. In general, a crank mechanism is a mechanism by which an engine generates and transmits power, by which thermal energy generated by combustion of fuel is converted into mechanical energy.
The crank connecting rod mechanism consists of three parts, namely a machine body group, a piston connecting rod group and a crankshaft flywheel group, wherein the machine body group is mainly used for forming a combustion chamber, bearing the action of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and providing a space place for energy conversion. The structure of the engine body group is complex, and particularly the structure of the cylinder cover is fragmentary and fussy, so that specific modeling of individual parts is not needed. Taking important related components in the crank link mechanism as an example, product individuals are defined, and a system relation network is established by using behavior flow theory. The individual and behavior in the crank link mechanism are shown in tables 1 and 2, respectively.
TABLE 1 ecosystem product individual definition Table (size units: mm)
TABLE 2 behavior chart of piston and connecting rod set
In table 2, A, A' indicates the positions of the top dead center and the bottom dead center during the movement of the piston, r indicates the distance between the top dead center and the bottom dead center, l indicates the length of the connecting rod, the included angle α indicates the rotation angle of the crankshaft, ω indicates the rotation speed of the crankshaft, and the included angle β indicates the rotation angle of the connecting rod.
The multiple behaviors in the behavior table act on the same individual, so that the individual can change cyclically among different states, and the behaviors can be regarded as the performances of the same behavior in different time periods. In order to make the thinking coherent when constructing the relationship network, different behaviors are defined. This will now be described to prevent misunderstandings.
Therefore, the relationship between different parts in the piston connecting rod group is given by combining the two tables and the design and work process of the engine in reality.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A product modeling method based on a product ecosystem model is characterized in that the concept of an ecosystem in biology is introduced into a product, the product ecosystem comprises an environment, product individuals, a product population and a product community, the environment changes along with time and comprises factors directly or indirectly influencing the composition of the product, the product individuals are single parts forming the product, the product population is parts with the same structure and function in the product, the product community is a combination of populations realizing certain function in the product, the product comprises an engine, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively establishing models for the environment, the product individuals, the product population and the product community;
(2) establishing a relational network of a product ecological system, wherein the model in the step (1) and the relational network jointly form an ecological system model of the product;
the relation network of the product ecosystem comprises nodes and edges, wherein the nodes are product individuals, the edges are used for connecting two directly related nodes, the individual nodes are established according to the existing individuals, the mapping from functions to behaviors is realized by using a behavior flow theory, the material and energy relation is established between the individual nodes influenced by the functions, the quantitative expression is carried out by using a behavior change function, and finally, a complete system relation graph is established.
2. The product modeling method based on the product ecosystem model of claim 1, wherein the model of the environment is the following formula:
ENV＝{object,t,n,CPN-E}
wherein,object represents an object for which the environment is intended; t represents time, the initial value is 0, n represents the number of the composition factors in the environment, CPN-E represents all the factors contained in the environment, and is the composition factor CPNiComposition factor influence weight omegaiInfluence relationship f (CPN) between composition factor and objectiObject) form factor CPNiRefers to a product individual, a product population, or a product community that is directly related to an object.
3. The product modeling method based on the product ecosystem model of claim 1, wherein the model of the product individual is represented by the following formula:
PI-obj＝{object,Sobj,Fobj,RESobj,ENV-obj}
wherein the object represents the product individual，SobjThe structural information representing the individual product is a set of material, shape and size of the individual product, FobjRepresenting the function of the individual, FobjThe value range of (1) is connection, transmission, support, energy storage, RESobjRepresenting the limiting conditions of the product individuals, and ENV-obj representing the environment of the product individuals and using an environment expression to express.
4. The product modeling method based on the product ecosystem model of claim 1, wherein the model of the product population is represented by the following formula:
PP＝{object,n,Fobj，∪PI,ENV-PP}，PI∈PP
wherein object represents the product individuals in the product population, n is the number of product individuals in the product population, FobjThe common function of the product individuals, ∪ PI is the collection of the existing product individuals in the product population, and ENV-PP represents the environment of the product population.
5. The product modeling method based on the product ecosystem model according to claim 1, wherein the product community model is as follows:
PC＝{F，∪PC,∪f(PC),ENV-PC}
wherein F represents functions of product populations constituting the product community, ∪ PC represents a set of all product populations within the product community, ∪ F (PC) represents relationships between the product populations, and ENV-PC represents an environment in which the product community is located.
6. The product modeling method based on the product ecosystem model of claim 1, wherein in the product ecosystem, product communities are connected together according to a set relationship to realize the functions of the product.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610084507.9A CN105787159B (en) | 2016-02-14 | 2016-02-14 | A kind of Product Modeling Method based on Products Eco system model |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610084507.9A CN105787159B (en) | 2016-02-14 | 2016-02-14 | A kind of Product Modeling Method based on Products Eco system model |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105787159A CN105787159A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
| CN105787159B true CN105787159B (en) | 2019-04-16 |
Family
ID=56403376
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610084507.9A Expired - Fee Related CN105787159B (en) | 2016-02-14 | 2016-02-14 | A kind of Product Modeling Method based on Products Eco system model |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105787159B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112784394A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-11 | 福建伐木粒智能科技有限公司 | Ecological breeding simulation system based on artificial intelligence |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106407511B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2020-06-12 | 上海交通大学 | Product ecosystem evolution solution method based on design element characteristics |
| CN106469241B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-04-09 | 华南理工大学 | The frequency sweep modeling method and system of Electromagnetic-drivmicro micro mirror |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102902866A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-01-30 | 同济大学 | Engine product design method based on behavioral stream ecosystem architecture |
| CN104636528A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-20 | 同济大学 | Engine modeling method based on behavior flow complex product function community and evolving of behavior flow complex product function community |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7769561B2 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2010-08-03 | Siemens Corporation | Robust sensor correlation analysis for machine condition monitoring |
-
2016
- 2016-02-14 CN CN201610084507.9A patent/CN105787159B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102902866A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-01-30 | 同济大学 | Engine product design method based on behavioral stream ecosystem architecture |
| CN104636528A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-20 | 同济大学 | Engine modeling method based on behavior flow complex product function community and evolving of behavior flow complex product function community |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112784394A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-11 | 福建伐木粒智能科技有限公司 | Ecological breeding simulation system based on artificial intelligence |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105787159A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Ewees et al. | Enhanced salp swarm algorithm based on firefly algorithm for unrelated parallel machine scheduling with setup times | |
| Tapkan et al. | Modeling and solving constrained two-sided assembly line balancing problem via bee algorithms | |
| Gabriel et al. | Industry 4.0 and sustainability impacts: Critical discussion of sustainability aspects with a special focus on future of work and ecological consequences | |
| Müller et al. | Biodiversifying bioinspiration | |
| CN105787159B (en) | A kind of Product Modeling Method based on Products Eco system model | |
| CN107203492A (en) | Product design cloud service platform modularization task replanning and distribution optimization method | |
| Patel et al. | Comparative performance of recent advanced optimization algorithms for minimum energy requirement solutions in water pump switching network | |
| Zhang et al. | Multi-group symbiotic evolution mechanism in an innovative ecosystem: Evidence from China | |
| Zheng et al. | Modeling and NVH analysis of a full engine dynamic model with valve train system | |
| Trotta | Product Lifecycle Management: Sustainability and knowledge management as keys in a complex system of product development | |
| Peregrina et al. | The evolution of eco-innovation and its impact on the political, social, and environmental spheres in the period 1996-2022: state of the art and bibliometric study | |
| Kosenok et al. | Method of closed vector contours for teaching/learning MMS | |
| CN105930556B (en) | A kind of Infectious Dynamics evolutionary Modeling method towards product design change | |
| Aurisicchio et al. | Characterising the information requests of engineering designers | |
| Nasonov et al. | Metaheuristic coevolution workflow scheduling in cloud environment | |
| Hamadneh et al. | On the Application of Potter Optimization Algorithm for Solving Supply Chain Management Application. | |
| Gribaudo et al. | Circular Economy: A Coloured Petri Net Based Discrete Event Simulation Model. | |
| Sun et al. | General Adaptable Design and Evaluation Using Markov Processes | |
| Kumar | THE CONTRADICTORY NATURE OF ICT AS A FACTOR OF DEVELOPING THE INFORMATION SOCIETY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION | |
| Penev | INDUSTRY 5.0-THE PERSPECTIVES AND CHALLENGES OF THE BIOECONOMY | |
| CN105787187B (en) | Product design updating method | |
| Hu et al. | Study on an innovation design model based on creative design methods and DFSS | |
| Teng et al. | Solving Injection Molding Production Cost Problem Based on Combined Group Role Assignment with Costs | |
| Li et al. | An evaluation approach for modules developed from design structure matrix | |
| Rose-Anderssen et al. | Complex Systems, Evolution and the Management of Manufacturing Change |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20190416 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |