CN105777066B - Longquan celadon prepared by taking rare earth tailings as raw materials and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Longquan celadon prepared by taking rare earth tailings as raw materials and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105777066B CN105777066B CN201610161295.XA CN201610161295A CN105777066B CN 105777066 B CN105777066 B CN 105777066B CN 201610161295 A CN201610161295 A CN 201610161295A CN 105777066 B CN105777066 B CN 105777066B
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- rare earth
- longquan celadon
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
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- QQGISFDJEJMKIL-JAIQZWGSSA-N (5z)-5-[[3-(hydroxymethyl)thiophen-2-yl]methylidene]-10-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1h-chromeno[3,4-f]quinolin-9-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=2NC(C)(C)C=C(C)C=2C2=C1C=1C(OC)=C(O)C=CC=1O\C2=C/C=1SC=CC=1CO QQGISFDJEJMKIL-JAIQZWGSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N Triolein Natural products O([C@H](OCC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)C(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioleoylglycerol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVXRPXGVKBHGQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N abietic acid methyl ester Natural products C1CC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC3C(C(=O)OC)(C)CCCC3(C)C21 OVXRPXGVKBHGQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VKCNNSOQWIRDIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OCCOCCOCCO VKCNNSOQWIRDIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SEGBQNJGOCXIGC-FHERZECASA-N benzyl n-[(2s)-1-[(4-hydroxyoxolan-3-yl)amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical compound N([C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NC1C(COC1)O)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SEGBQNJGOCXIGC-FHERZECASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- OVXRPXGVKBHGQO-UYWIDEMCSA-N methyl (1r,4ar,4br,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CC(C(C)C)=CC2=CC[C@H]3[C@@](C(=O)OC)(C)CCC[C@]3(C)[C@H]21 OVXRPXGVKBHGQO-UYWIDEMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
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- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a Longquan celadon prepared by taking rare earth tailings as a raw material and a manufacturing method thereof. The porcelain comprises the following raw materials, water and additives for the Longquan celadon blank, wherein the weight percentage is 50-65: 35-40: 1 to 5. The Longquan celadon blank oxide comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15-75% of rare earth tailings, 30-65% of quartz, 10-30% of calcined alumina powder, 15-30% of calcined kaolin powder, 30-50% of kaolin powder, 2-10% of potassium feldspar powder, 1-3% of calcium oxide and 1-8% of purple gold soil; the additive comprises, by weight, 2-7% of a binder, 5-15% of a plasticizer, 21-25% of a lubricant and 1-5% of a dispersant. The method makes full use of the waste rare earth resources, effectively promotes the resource utilization of the rare earth tailings and the application and development of the porcelain making technology of the Longquan celadon, and greatly reduces the cost of the planned production of the Longquan celadon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Longquan celadon, in particular to Longquan celadon prepared by taking rare earth tailings as a raw material and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The rare earth resource reserves are abundant in China, the rare earth tailings are tailings left after extracting rare earth, but because the rare earth mineral taste is low, the rare earth tailings bring a large amount of rare earth tailings for mining. At present, the rare earth tailings are mainly accumulated or buried in a treatment mode, and the treatment mode occupies a large area and wastes a large amount of land resources; and the treatment mode causes serious pollution to water and soil resources, destroys ecological balance and hinders sustainable development of economy. Therefore, the resource recycling of the rare earth tailings is an important way for realizing sustainable development of mineral resources, and is not only a strategic demand for development of the rare earth industry in China, but also an urgent demand for establishing a resource and energy-saving society in China.
The Longquan celadon is ever famous for countless and splendid color with a shape and has larger market demand. However, the popularization and application of the Longquan celadon are hindered by the factors of high raw material cost, insufficient strength and color development strength of the celadon and the like. The Longquan celadon manufactured by taking the rare earth tailings as the raw material can overcome the defects of the strength and the color development strength of the celadon, and the waste rare earth tailings are used as the raw material for manufacturing the celadon, so that the raw material cost is reduced, the environmental hazard is reduced, and the Longquan celadon has remarkable social benefit and economic benefit. Therefore, the Longquan celadon prepared by taking rare earth tailings as raw materials and the manufacturing method thereof are in urgent need of research and development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide Longquan celadon prepared by taking rare earth tailings as a raw material and a manufacturing method thereof, so that the utilization rate of the rare earth tailings is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a Longquan celadon is prepared from rare earth tailings. The porcelain comprises raw materials for the Longquan celadon blank, water and additives, wherein the weight percentage is 50-65: 35-40: 1 to 5.
Further, the raw materials of the blank oxide in the raw materials for the Longquan celadon blank respectively comprise, by weight, 15-75% of rare earth tailings, 30-65% of quartz, 10-30% of calcined alumina powder, 15-30% of calcined kaolin powder, 30-50% of kaolin powder, 2-10% of potassium feldspar powder, 1-3% of calcium oxide and 1-8% of violet gold soil; the additive comprises, by weight, 2-7% of a binder, 5-15% of a plasticizer, 21-25% of a lubricant and 1-5% of a dispersant.
Further, the chemical composition of the rare earth tailings contains SiO2 50～85％，Al2O3 5～20％，Fe2O3 1.5～3.5％，K2O 0.6～2.5％，Na2O 0.2～2.0％，CaO 0.1～0.3％，MgO 0.1～1.0％，TiO2 0.1～0.5％，I.L 2.0～5.0％，K2O+Na2O 2～10％。
Further, the binder is one or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, starch and glycerol; the plasticizer is one or more of glycerol, triethylene glycol acetate, butyl stearate and methyl abietate; the lubricant is one or more of cellulose acetate, stearic acid, kerosene, microcrystalline paraffin and oleic acid;the dispersant is polymethacrylamide (PMAA-NH)4) Ammonium chloride (NH)4Cl), polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight is 10000), triolein (GTO) and castor oil (CTO). The additive can improve the solid content in the ball milling mixture and ensure the dispersibility and stability of the Longquan celadon blank slurry. The additive has good effect on raw material slurry, is not easy to volatilize, and is safe to human bodies and environment.
Further, the blank of the Longquan celadon is made of one or more of yellow jar mud, Pucheng mud, Baozxi mud and Zhuxiang mud; the particle size of the raw material for the Longquan celadon blank is below 325 meshes.
Further, the manufacturing method of the Longquan celadon prepared by taking the rare earth tailings as the raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and finely grinding the raw materials for the blank and water until all the raw materials pass through a ten-thousand-hole sieve, and stirring and mixing the raw materials and the water in a mixer for 1-4 hours; weighing raw materials for blank taking, water glass and sodium humate in a ratio of 5-8: 0.3-1.0: 0.45-0.65 stirring and mixing for 3-4 h, then adding the additive and stirring uniformly to form slurry;
s2, ageing the pug in vacuum, repeatedly carrying out vacuum pug and then forming;
s3, drying the formed Longquan celadon blank, carrying out biscuit firing at 500-700 ℃ after microwave drying and hot air drying, and carrying out heat preservation for 1-2 hours;
and S4, after cooling, applying a 1-2 mm traditional Longquan celadon layer, sintering at the heat treatment temperature of 1150-1300 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere at the heat treatment temperature rise speed of 2-5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-3 h to obtain the Longquan celadon taking the rare earth tailings as the raw material.
Further, in step S1: the addition amount of the rare earth tailings is 1-5 times of that of the celadon blank; the addition amount of the additive is 1-3 times of that of the celadon blank.
Further, in step S1: ball-milling the celadon blank mixture until the fineness of D10 is more than 0.06 mu m, D90 is 0.35 +/-0.05 mu m, and D100 is less than 3 mu m, and sieving by using a sieve with the aperture less than or equal to 1 mu m to remove impurities, thereby obtaining the Longquan celadon blank slurry. After the Longquan celadon blank slurry reaches the micro-nano level fineness, the Longquan celadon blank has better porcelain forming strength and better compactness.
Further, in step S2: the fineness of the slurry in the slurry ageing is 325 meshes; 0.3-0.6% of screen residue; the water content of the slurry is 24-28%; the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.65-1.95%; the flow rate of the slurry is 25-40 seconds.
Further, in step S4: the raw materials for coloring the celadon glaze of the Longquan celadon are purple gold soil and Fe2O3And FeO.
The invention adopts rare earth tailings to replace or substitute part of common quartz powder and feldspar generally adopted in the prior art, and is matched with optimized raw material powder for the celadon blank for modification treatment, and the invention mainly utilizes the characteristic that free quartz in the rare earth tailings and kaolinite weathered by the feldspar can fully react with the raw materials for the celadon blank, so that the solid-phase reaction is more complete, and the improvement of the porcelain forming strength of the celadon is facilitated.
The Longquan celadon is prepared by taking the rare earth tailings as the raw material, and the slurry for the blank of the Longquan celadon has good suspension property and dispersibility, high chemical stability, good rheological property, environmental protection and no pollution. Moreover, the biscuit-fired body is glazed and then subjected to reduction heat treatment, so that the biscuit-glaze is good in binding property, high in porcelain-forming strength, strong in stereoscopic impression, fine in color tone and free of color difference.
The process for manufacturing the Longquan celadon is simple, the production cost can be greatly reduced, and the utilization rate of rare earth tailings resources is fully improved.
Detailed Description
Example 1
S1, preparing the Longquan celadon blank oxide with the following components in parts by weight: 45% of rare earth tailings, 55% of quartz, 10% of calcined alumina powder, 25% of calcined kaolin powder, 15% of kaolin powder, 3% of potassium feldspar powder, 0.4% of calcium oxide and 4% of purple gold soil. Wherein the rare earth tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO22 65.56％，Al2O3 24.57％，Fe2O3 1.7％，K2O 1.0％，Na2O 0.3％，CaO 0.1％，MgO 1.2％，TiO2 0.2％，I.L 3.0％。
S2, the weight percentage of the raw material, water and additive for the Longquan celadon is 54: 41: 5. wherein, based on the blank formula, the adhesive is 12 percent of carboxymethyl cellulose, the plasticizer is 15 percent of glycerol, the lubricant is 25 percent of cellulose acetate, and the dispersant is PMAA-NH4Is 1%. Uniformly mixing the blank raw materials, water and additives, placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling until D10 is more than 0.06 mu m, D90 is 0.35 +/-0.05 mu m, and D100 is less than 3 mu m, and then sieving by using a sieve with the aperture of 325 meshes to remove impurities and age to form the slurry for the high-performance Longquan celadon blank.
S3, filter-pressing the slurry to form mud, aging the mud by vacuum pugging, defoaming, repeatedly carrying out vacuum pugging, drying the formed Longquan celadon blank, carrying out microwave drying and hot air drying, carrying out biscuit firing at 650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1 h.
S4 after cooling, applying the traditional Longquan celadon powder blue glaze, firing at the temperature of 1200 ℃ in the reducing atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 2h, and heating the blank at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min to obtain the Longquan celadon product which has the advantages of high strength, good folding and compression strength, bright color, natural texture, soft texture, strong stereoscopic impression, natural powder blue texture and color, and smooth and flat surface.
Example 2
S1, preparing the Longquan celadon blank oxide with the following components in parts by weight: 50% of rare earth tailings, 50% of quartz, 20% of calcined alumina powder, 30% of calcined kaolin powder, 10% of kaolin powder, 4% of potassium feldspar powder, 0.5% of calcium oxide and 5% of purple gold soil. Wherein the rare earth tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO22 67.89％，Al2O3 27.78％，Fe2O3 1.5％，K2O 1.1％，Na2O 0.4％，CaO 0.2％，MgO 1.0％，TiO2 0.2％，I.L 3.5％。
S2, the weight percentage of the raw material, water and the additive for the Longquan celadon blank is 62: 35: 3. the blank comprises an additive, a binder, a plasticizer, a lubricant, cellulose acetate and a dispersant, wherein the additive comprises 10% of polyvinyl alcohol, 13% of triethylene glycol acetate, 21% of cellulose acetate, and 1% of polyethylene glycol. Uniformly mixing the blank raw materials, water and additives, placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling until D10 is more than 0.06 mu m, D90 is 0.35 +/-0.05 mu m, and D100 is less than 3 mu m, and then sieving by using a sieve with the aperture of 325 meshes to remove impurities and age to form the slurry for the high-performance Longquan celadon blank.
S3, filter-pressing the slurry to form mud, aging the mud by vacuum pugging, defoaming, repeatedly carrying out vacuum pugging, drying the formed Longquan celadon blank, carrying out microwave drying and hot air drying, carrying out biscuit firing at the temperature of 600 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1 h.
S4 after cooling, applying the traditional Longquan celadon bean celadon glaze, firing at the temperature of 1200 ℃ in the reducing atmosphere, preserving the heat for 2.5h, wherein the heating rate of the heat treatment is 2 ℃/min, and the Longquan celadon product which has high porcelain strength, good folding and compression strength, natural texture, soft texture, strong stereoscopic impression, natural bean-green-like texture and smooth surface is obtained.
Example 3
S1, preparing the Longquan celadon blank oxide with the following components in parts by weight: 52% of rare earth tailings, 56% of quartz, 25% of calcined alumina powder, 34% of calcined kaolin powder, 16% of kaolin powder, 5% of potassium feldspar powder, 0.7% of calcium oxide and 4% of purple gold soil. Wherein the rare earth tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO22 68.97％，Al2O3 29.39％，Fe2O3 2.3％，K2O 1.4％，Na2O 0.2％，CaO 0.3％，MgO 1.0％，TiO2 0.1％，I.L 4.5％。
S2, the weight percentages of the raw materials, water and additives for the Longquan celadon blank are 61: 35: 4. the blank comprises 6.5% of binder starch, 11% of plasticizer glycerol, 23% of lubricant cellulose acetate and 2% of dispersant GTO. Uniformly mixing the blank raw materials, water and additives, placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling until D10 is more than 0.06 mu m, D90 is 0.35 +/-0.05 mu m, and D100 is less than 3 mu m, and then sieving by using a sieve with the aperture of 325 meshes to remove impurities and age to form the slurry for the high-performance Longquan celadon blank.
S3, filter-pressing the slurry to form mud, aging the mud by vacuum pugging, defoaming, repeatedly carrying out vacuum pugging, drying the formed Longquan celadon blank, carrying out microwave drying and hot air drying, carrying out biscuit firing at the temperature of 600 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours.
S4 after cooling, applying the traditional Longquan celadon plum green glaze, firing at 1250 ℃ in reducing atmosphere, preserving heat for 1.5h, wherein the heating rate of heat treatment is 2 ℃/min, and obtaining the Longquan celadon product which has high porcelain strength, good folding and compression strength, natural texture, soft texture, strong stereoscopic impression, natural plum green texture, and smoother and smooth surface.
Example 4
S1, preparing the Longquan celadon blank oxide with the following components in parts by weight: 51% of rare earth tailings, 54% of quartz, 27% of calcined alumina powder, 32% of calcined kaolin powder, 14% of kaolin powder, 6% of potassium feldspar powder, 1.0% of calcium oxide and 5% of purple gold soil. Wherein the rare earth tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO22 65.28％，Al2O3 24.98％，Fe2O3 3.58％，K2O 4.29％，Na2O 0.26％，CaO 0.33％，MgO 0.53％，TiO2 0.09％，I.L 4.0％。
S2, the weight percentage of the raw material, water and the additive for the Longquan celadon blank is 58: 37: 5. wherein, based on the blank formula, the additive comprises 5 percent of adhesive polyvinyl alcohol, 8 percent of plasticizer acetic acid triethylene glycol, 22 percent of lubricant stearic acid and dispersant PMAA-NH4The content was found to be 3.5%. Uniformly mixing the blank raw materials, water and additives, placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling until D10 is more than 0.06 mu m, D90 is 0.35 +/-0.05 mu m, and D100 is less than 3 mu m, then using a screen with the aperture of 325 meshes, and carrying out sieving, impurity removal and staleness treatment to form the slurry for the high-performance Longquan celadon blank.
S3, filter-pressing the slurry to form mud, aging the mud by vacuum pugging, defoaming, repeatedly carrying out vacuum pugging, drying the formed Longquan celadon blank, carrying out microwave drying and hot air drying, carrying out biscuit firing at 550 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1 h.
S4 after cooling, applying the traditional Longquan celadon bean celadon glaze, firing at the temperature of 1200 ℃ in the reducing atmosphere, preserving the heat for 1.5h, wherein the heating rate of the heat treatment is 2 ℃/min, and the Longquan celadon product which has high ceramic strength, good folding and compression strength, natural texture, soft texture, strong stereoscopic impression, natural bean celadon texture, and smoother and smooth surface is obtained.
Example 5
S1, preparing the Longquan celadon blank oxide with the following components in parts by weight: 56% of rare earth tailings, 58% of quartz, 24% of calcined alumina powder, 32% of calcined kaolin powder, 18% of kaolin powder, 6% of potassium feldspar powder, 0.9% of calcium oxide and 5% of purple gold soil. Wherein the rare earth tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO263.07%, Al2O3 26.06％，Fe2O3 3.9％，K2O 2.4％，Na2O 0.1％，CaO 0.5％，MgO 0.6％，TiO2 0.2％，I.L 3.9％。
S2, the weight percentage of the raw material, water and additive for the Longquan celadon is 60: 37: 3. the blank comprises 6% of a binder starch, 10% of a plasticizer butyl stearate, 22% of a lubricant cellulose acetate and 2.5% of a dispersant polyethylene glycol. Uniformly mixing the blank raw materials, water and additives, placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling until D10 is more than 0.06 mu m, D90 is 0.35 +/-0.05 mu m, and D100 is less than 3 mu m, then using a screen with the aperture of 325 meshes, and carrying out sieving, impurity removal and staleness treatment to form the slurry for the high-performance Longquan celadon blank.
S3, filter-pressing the slurry to form mud, aging the mud by vacuum pugging, defoaming, repeatedly carrying out vacuum pugging, drying the formed Longquan celadon blank, carrying out microwave drying and hot air drying, carrying out biscuit firing at 650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours.
S4 after cooling, applying the traditional Longquan celadon bean celadon glaze, firing at 1250 ℃ in reducing atmosphere, preserving heat for 2.5h, wherein the heating rate of heat treatment is 2 ℃/min, and the Longquan celadon product which has high ceramic strength, good folding and compression strength, natural texture, soft texture, strong stereoscopic impression, natural bean celadon texture, and smooth surface is obtained.
Example 6
S1, preparing the Longquan celadon blank oxide with the following components in parts by weight: 50% of rare earth tailings, 46% of quartz, 18% of calcined alumina powder, 31% of calcined kaolin powder, 12% of kaolin powder, 6% of potassium feldspar powder, 0.8% of calcium oxide and 5% of purple gold soil. Wherein the rare earth tailings comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO22 64.12％，Al2O3 25.63％，Fe2O3 3.9％，K2O 3.4％，Na2O 0.3％，CaO 0.5％，MgO 1.0％，TiO2 0.09％，I.L 5.5％。
S2, the weight percentage of the raw material, water and the additive for the Longquan celadon blank is 59: 36: 4. wherein the additive comprises 7% of binder starch, 13% of plasticizer butyl stearate, 24% of lubricant oleic acid and 4% of dispersant polyethylene glycol. Uniformly mixing the blank raw materials, water and additives, placing the mixture into a ball mill, ball-milling the mixture until the D10 is more than 0.06 mu m, the D90 is 0.35 +/-0.05 mu m, and the D100 is less than 3 mu m, using a screen with the aperture of 325 meshes, and carrying out sieving, impurity removal and staleness to form the slurry for the high-performance Longquan celadon blank.
S3, filter-pressing the slurry to form mud, aging the mud by vacuum pugging, defoaming, repeatedly carrying out vacuum pugging, drying the formed Longquan celadon blank, carrying out microwave drying and hot air drying, carrying out biscuit firing at 700 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h.
S4 after cooling, applying the plum green glaze of the traditional Longquan celadon, firing at 1280 ℃ in reducing atmosphere, and preserving heat for 3h, wherein the heating rate of the heat treatment is 2 ℃/min, thus obtaining the Longquan celadon product which has high strength, good folding and compression strength, natural texture, soft texture, strong stereoscopic impression, natural bean green texture, and smooth surface.
The invention has the technical advantages that:
1. the invention uses rare earth tailings as raw materials to manufacture the Longquan celadon, not only greatly reduces the production cost of the Longquan celadon, but also fully utilizes resources, reduces the harm of the rare earth tailings to the environment, rapidly inherits the world 'non-heritable' Longquan celadon culture, spreads the national culture spirit, and has great economic and social benefits. Not only meets the strategic requirements of resource recycling in China, but also meets the development requirements of building energy-intensive and environment-friendly society in China in the future.
2. The Longquan celadon prepared by the method has high ceramic forming strength and high density (the impact strength reaches 4.00 KJ/m)2The breaking strength reaches more than 120Mpa, the heat stability can ensure that the water-cooling heat exchange at 200-20 ℃ does not crack once, and the material performance requirements of various models of mobile phones can be met.
3. The invention has simple manufacturing process and low raw material cost (saving more than 35 percent), and is beneficial to energy conservation, emission reduction and industrialized production.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. A manufacturing method of Longquan celadon prepared by taking rare earth tailings as raw materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing and finely grinding the celadon blank and water until all the celadon blank and the water pass through a ten-thousand-hole sieve, and stirring and mixing for 1-4 h in a mixer; weighing 5-8 parts of celadon blank, water glass and sodium humate according to the weight ratio: 0.3-1.0: 0.45-0.65 stirring and mixing for 3-4 h, then adding the additive and stirring uniformly to form slurry; the blank of the Longquan celadon is made of one or more of yellow altar mud, Pucheng mud and Baoxi mud; the particle size of the celadon blank is below 325 meshes; in step S1: the addition amount of the rare earth tailings is 1-5 times of that of the celadon blank; the addition amount of the additive is 1-3 times of that of the celadon blank;
s2, ageing the pug in vacuum, repeatedly carrying out vacuum pug and then forming;
s3, drying the formed Longquan celadon blank, carrying out biscuit firing at 500-700 ℃ after microwave drying and hot air drying, and carrying out heat preservation for 1-2 hours;
and S4, after cooling, applying a 1-2 mm traditional Longquan celadon layer, sintering at the heat treatment temperature of 1150-1300 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere at the heat treatment temperature rise speed of 2-5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-3 h to obtain the Longquan celadon taking the rare earth tailings as the raw material.
2. The method for manufacturing the Longquan celadon made of the rare earth tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1: ball-milling the celadon blank mixture until the fineness of D10 is more than 0.06 mu m, D90 is 0.35 +/-0.05 mu m, and D100 is less than 3 mu m, and sieving by using a sieve with the aperture less than or equal to 1 mu m to remove impurities, thereby obtaining the Longquan celadon blank slurry.
3. The method for manufacturing the Longquan celadon made of the rare earth tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4: the raw materials for coloring the celadon glaze of the Longquan celadon are purple gold soil and Fe2O3And FeO.
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| 稀土尾矿在陶瓷坯釉中的应用;袁定华;《陶瓷研究》;19910930;第6卷(第3期);第123页第1栏第1段及表5,第126页第2栏第1段,第127页第2栏第2段 * |
| 袁定华.稀土尾矿在陶瓷坯釉中的应用.《陶瓷研究》.1991,第6卷(第3期), * |
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Application publication date: 20160720 Assignee: SUICHANG WENCHANG CELADON FACTORY Assignor: LISHUI University Contract record no.: X2024980014957 Denomination of invention: A Longquan celadon made from rare earth tailings and its manufacturing method Granted publication date: 20210528 License type: Common License Record date: 20240912 Application publication date: 20160720 Assignee: SUICHANG CHUZHOU KILN CELADON CO.,LTD. Assignor: LISHUI University Contract record no.: X2024980014953 Denomination of invention: A Longquan celadon made from rare earth tailings and its manufacturing method Granted publication date: 20210528 License type: Common License Record date: 20240912 |
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Application publication date: 20160720 Assignee: LONGQUAN JINHONG PORCELAIN CO.,LTD. Assignor: LISHUI University Contract record no.: X2024980015394 Denomination of invention: A Longquan celadon made from rare earth tailings and its manufacturing method Granted publication date: 20210528 License type: Common License Record date: 20240918 Application publication date: 20160720 Assignee: LONGQUAN OUJIANG CELADON Co.,Ltd. Assignor: LISHUI University Contract record no.: X2024980015392 Denomination of invention: A Longquan celadon made from rare earth tailings and its manufacturing method Granted publication date: 20210528 License type: Common License Record date: 20240918 Application publication date: 20160720 Assignee: LONGQUAN YUDE CELADON Co.,Ltd. Assignor: LISHUI University Contract record no.: X2024980015391 Denomination of invention: A Longquan celadon made from rare earth tailings and its manufacturing method Granted publication date: 20210528 License type: Common License Record date: 20240918 |
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