CN105753580A - Ecological safe potato fertilizer formula - Google Patents
Ecological safe potato fertilizer formula Download PDFInfo
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- CN105753580A CN105753580A CN201610195348.XA CN201610195348A CN105753580A CN 105753580 A CN105753580 A CN 105753580A CN 201610195348 A CN201610195348 A CN 201610195348A CN 105753580 A CN105753580 A CN 105753580A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention provides an ecological safe potato fertilizer formula.A fertilizer is prepared from base fertilizer, primary topdressing fertilizer and secondary topdressing fertilizer.The mass ratio of the base fertilizer to the primary topdressing fertilizer to the secondary topdressing fertilizer is (20-30):(1-1.5):(0.6-0.9).The base fertilizer is prepared from, by mass, 25-35 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer, 2-6 parts of medium and trace elements, 10-15 parts of diatomite, 5-8 parts of fly ash, 100-140 parts of organic fertilizer and 12-20 parts of vermiculite, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared from, by mass, 10-20 parts of plant ash, 10-20 parts of dried sludge, 10-20 parts of plant straw powder, 50-80 parts of animal feces, 10-15 parts of soybean meal powder, 5-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicine and 0.1-0.3 part of a biological fermentation agent.The mass ratio of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the primary topdressing fertilizer is (2.5-3.5):1.The mass ratio of nitrogen fertilizer to potassium fertilizer in the secondary topdressing fertilizer is (0.8-1.5):1.The ecological safe potato fertilizer formula can prolong nutrition sustained-release period, greatly increase the utilization rate of the fertilizer and improve the soil structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, particularly relate to the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of a kind of ecological safety.
Background technology
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi has played great function in providing the food of comprehensive nutrition, guarantee grain security, raising energy security, helping peasant programme, promotion Development of Winter development etc., therefore Rhizoma Solani tuber osi can obtain countries in the world, the particularly attention of developing country, plays bigger effect in agricultural and rural economy.For the whole world, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi only accounts for the 2% of the average diet energy supply in the world, but it is but the staple food of a lot of country.In developed country, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi can every day everyone the energy of 540kJ is provided, in developing country, this numeral is about 170kJ for each person every day.Except providing the energy of needed by human body, the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi of a lot of kinds also contribute to a certain amount of dietary fiber, ascorbic acid, potassium element, carotenoid and antioxidation phenolic compound (such as chlorogenic acid and polymer thereof) etc..
China is the first in the world Ginkgo biloba Linn. cv. Damaling potato manufacturing country, and 2010 Annual planting areas reach 666.7 ten thousand km2, yield reaches 1500kg/666.7m2.But, current Development of Potato Industry is subject to fertilizer practice and falls behind, kind is single, the serious restriction of the problems such as disease control, especially the backward problem of fertilizer practice is the most prominent, owing to lacking system for a long time, the research of science and technical support, the theory of peasant's ubiquity " exchanging big output for big input " in potato planting and way, bring three serious problems therewith: one is owing to the absorption of nutrition is had certain limit by Rhizoma Solani tuber osi itself, cause that excess part fertilizer is along with the loss of surface runoff, cause serious environmental pollution, and this pollution has and accumulates the trend increased the weight of year by year；Two is due to excessive fertilising, particularly N, P, K fertilizer is out of proportion, the reparation of heavy damage soil self and maintainability；Three is to keep relative high yield, peasant must increase fertilising value volume and range of product year by year, and due to lack of balance fertilizer practice, yield is caused not synchronize volume increase by the increase of fertilizer, and then add the input of potato planting, particularly appreciating the time at fertilizer, potato planting income is decreased obviously.Therefore, carry out Rhizoma Solani tuber osi science high-yield and high-efficiency technique of balanced fertilizer research, set up the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi cost-saving synergistic fertilizer practice system the popularization and application that there are directive significance, Development of Potato Industry tool is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of a kind of ecological safety, meet the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi needs in different growing stages targetedly, to improve the output and quality of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.
The Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of a kind of ecological safety, including base manure, first time dressing fertilizer and second time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of base manure, first time dressing fertilizer and second time dressing fertilizer is 20～30:1～1.5:0.6～0.9；
Described base manure includes each component of following mass parts: N-P-K mixed fertilizer 25～35 parts, medium trace element 2～6 parts, 10～15 parts of kieselguhr, 5～8 parts of flyash, fertilizer 100～140 parts, Vermiculitum 12～20 parts；Wherein, described fertilizer includes each component of following mass parts: plant ash 10～20 parts, dewatered sludge 10～20 parts, plant straw powder 10～20 parts, animal wastes 50～80 parts, bean dreg powder 10～15 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 5～10 parts and bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.3 part；
Described first time dressing fertilizer and second time dressing fertilizer are nitrogen potassium fertilizer, and wherein, in described first time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 2.5～3.5:1, and in described second time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 0.8～1.5:1.
Wherein in an embodiment, described fertilizer includes each component of following mass parts: plant ash 15～18 parts, dewatered sludge 15～18 parts, plant straw powder 15～18 parts, animal wastes 60～75 parts, bean dreg powder 12～14 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 6～8 parts and bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.3 part.
Wherein in an embodiment, in described base manure, N-P-K mixed fertilizer includes carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate.
Wherein in an embodiment, in described base manure, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate is 1:2.0～2.3:0.75～1.05.
Wherein in an embodiment, in described base manure, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate is 1:2.15:0.90.
Wherein in an embodiment, described medium trace element includes calcium superphosphate, Borax and Chelating state magnesium, ferrum, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum.
Wherein in an embodiment, described bio-fermentation agent includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, root Promoting bacteria, bacillus, silicate bacteria, streptomyces microflavus and Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
Wherein in an embodiment, described Chinese herbal medicine includes each component of following mass parts: Herba Artemisiae Annuae 1～1.2 part, Folium ailanthi 0.6～1.8 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 0.8～1.5 part, Pyrethrum 2.1～4.0 parts, 0.5～1.5 part of Nicotiana tabacum L., Radix Ricini 1.3～1.8 parts, 1.2～2.4 parts of Folium Mori.
Wherein in an embodiment, described fertilizer is adopted and is prepared with the following method:
By plant ash, dewatered sludge, animal wastes, plant straw powder, bean dreg powder, Chinese herbal medicine and bio-fermentation agent by mass parts mix homogeneously, regulate pH6.0～7.0, add water adjustment moisture content to 45～65%, compost, in time piling interior temperature and reach 50～70 DEG C, ferment 20～40 days, then dry, pulverize.
Wherein in an embodiment, described first time dressing fertilizer and in described second time dressing fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer is at least one of carbamide, ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate, and described potash fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride.
Above-mentioned Special fertilizer for potato formula, base manure adopts inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer compounding application, fertilizer has the very strong ability keeping nutrient, the nutrient in inorganic fertilizer can be made to reach the purpose of slow releasing with inorganic fertilizer compounding application, add the nutrient slowly-released phase, it is greatly improved utilization rate of fertilizer, also improves Soil structure.And fertilizer can promote the formation of soil aggregate in base manure, significantly improve the microecosystem environment of soil, enhance the gas permeability of soil and Water and fertilizer retention ability of soil, improve the ability of the sustainable increasing both production and income of soil.Base manure adds Chinese herbal medicine, it is possible to play the effect of parasite killing, it is to avoid the insect pest in later stage, reduce chemical classes utilization of pesticides；Meanwhile, Chinese herbal medicine itself is fermented is organic, also provides nutrient for Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, has double effects.
Above-mentioned potato special fertilizer formula, the growth characteristics according to Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, by using different fertilizer in different periods, it is possible to avoids early stage potato set excessive growth, nutrient loss, later stage fertilizer deficiency, plant senilism, thus significantly improving yield and the quality of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi.
Detailed description of the invention
Understandable for enabling the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage to become apparent from, below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Elaborate a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understanding the present invention.But the present invention can implement being much different from alternate manner described here, and those skilled in the art can do similar improvement when without prejudice to intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
The Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of a kind of ecological safety, including base manure, first time dressing fertilizer and second time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of base manure, first time dressing fertilizer and second time dressing fertilizer is 20～30:1～1.5:0.6～0.9；N-P-K mixed fertilizer 25～35 parts, medium trace element 2～6 parts, 10～15 parts of kieselguhr, 5～8 parts of flyash, fertilizer 100～140 parts, Vermiculitum 12～20 parts；Wherein, described fertilizer includes each component of following mass parts: plant ash 10～20 parts, dewatered sludge 10～20 parts, plant straw powder 10～20 parts, animal wastes 50～80 parts, bean dreg powder 10～15 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 5～10 parts and bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.3 part；Described first time dressing fertilizer and second time dressing fertilizer are nitrogen potassium fertilizer, and wherein, in described first time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 2.5～3.5:1, and in described second time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 0.8～1.5:1.
Further, in described base manure, N-P-K mixed fertilizer includes carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate.Such as, the content of the N in carbamide is 46%, and/or, P in calcium superphosphate2O5Content be 12%, and/or, K in potassium sulfate2The content of O is 50%.
Research shows, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is the fertile crop of high yield happiness, and response to minerals is very sensitive.Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is maximum with potassium to the absorption of major fertilizer elements, and nitrogen takes second place, and phosphorus is minimum.The quality of nitrogen fertilizer amount appreciable impact potato tubers, nitrogen fertilizer amount properly can significantly improve potato tubers vitamin C, soluble sugar, protein and starch equal size, when amount of nitrogen is too high, These parameters is then on a declining curve, and nitrate content can be significantly increased in potato tubers, causing that quality declines, therefore the used in amounts of nitrogenous fertilizer is moderate.Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is relatively low to phosphate industry, it is ensured that sufficient phosphate fertilizer supply, the content of soluble sugar, starch, vitamin C and protein all has certain growth, and potato tubers nitrate content is significantly reduced.If phosphorus deficiency, plant and blade are short and small, photosynthesis weakens, and yield reduces, and hollow, rust staining easily occurs potato block, hardening, not easily well-done, affects edible quality.The quality of potash fertilizer appreciable impact potato tubers, the content of application of potash fertilizer patatin matter significantly improves, and nitrate content reduces.If potassium deficiency, growing suppressed, aerial parts is downgraded, and internode shortens, the dense collection of strain, and leaf is little gradually light in dirty-green to be changed into bronze-colored, and leaf margin browning is withered, and potato block is many in elongated or spindle, and edible part is in grey black.Further, in order to balanced Rhizoma Solani tuber osi produces required N P and K, to improve quality and the yield of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, for instance, in described base manure, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate is 1:2.0～2.3:0.75～1.05.Preferably, in described base manure, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate is 1:2.15:0.90, can not only meet the N P and K needed for potato growth, to improve quality and the yield of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, but also the npk fertilizer utilization rate at this season can be improved, reduce the cost of fertilizer.
Specifically, described medium trace element includes calcium superphosphate, Borax and Chelating state magnesium, ferrum, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum.Further, described calcium phosphate, Borax and Chelating state magnesium, ferrum, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum mass ratio be 3.2:1.5:1:1:1:1:0.5～0.8:0.5～0.8.In the present embodiment, described Chelating state magnesium, ferrum, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum respectively magnesium glycinate, glycine ferrous, Mn-Gly, copper chloride hydroxide, basic zinc chloride, ammonium molybdate.The addition of medium trace element, it is possible to increase the yield of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, improves the quality of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, alleviates generation and the harm of pest and disease damage.
Further, described fertilizer includes each component of following mass parts: plant ash 10～20 parts, dewatered sludge 10～20 parts, animal wastes 50～80 parts, bean dreg powder 10～15 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 5～10 parts and bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.3 part.Preferably, described fertilizer includes each component of following mass parts: plant ash 15～18 parts, dewatered sludge 15～18 parts, animal wastes 60～75 parts, bean dreg powder 12～14 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 6～8 parts and bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.3 part.
In the present embodiment, described fertilizer is adopted and is prepared with the following method: by plant ash, dewatered sludge, animal wastes, plant straw powder, bean dreg powder, Chinese herbal medicine and bio-fermentation agent by mass parts mix homogeneously, regulate pH6.0～7.0, add water adjustment moisture content to 45～65%, compost, in time piling interior temperature and reach 50～70 DEG C, ferment 20～40 days, then dry, pulverize.Specifically, after compost, once, when temperature rises to 70 DEG C, every day translates into for several times in every other day overturning, make the natural law that heap temperature maintains 50 DEG C～70 DEG C more than 7 days, through the fermentation of 20～40 days, when temperature drops to room temperature, fermentation ends, then air-dry pulverizing, cross 80 mesh sieves.It should be noted that described dewatered sludge is remove heavy metal and the pure mud to the material that plant growing is harmful to, and the water content of dewatered sludge is lower than 12%.Plant straw powder refers to what Semen Tritici aestivi, Oryza sativa L., Semen Maydis, potato class, oil plant, Cotton Gossypii, Caulis Sacchari sinensis and other crops remainder after results seed obtained after crushed.Preferably, the particle diameter of plant straw powder is less than 40 orders.Animal wastes include one or more in chicken, duck, goose, cattle, sheep, swine excrement.
Specifically, Chinese herbal medicine includes each component of following mass parts: Herba Artemisiae Annuae 1～1.2 part, Folium ailanthi 0.6～1.8 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 0.8～1.5 part, Pyrethrum 2.1～4.0 parts, 0.5～1.5 part of Nicotiana tabacum L., Radix Ricini 1.3～1.8 parts, 1.2～2.4 parts of Folium Mori.Base manure adds Chinese herbal medicine, uses before potato planting, there is the effect of parasite killing, it is to avoid the insect pest in later stage, reduce chemical classes utilization of pesticides；Meanwhile, Chinese herbal medicine itself is fermented is organic, also provides nutrient for Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, has double effects.
Further, the preparation method that the present invention also provides for the base manure of the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of a kind of ecological safety, it comprises the steps:
By kieselguhr, flyash, Vermiculitum crushed after being dried, cross 120～140 mesh sieves；
Sending into mix homogeneously in blender after adding nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, fertilizer, medium trace element, heating, to 60～70 DEG C, is sent in comminutor after drying and is carried out pelletize, namely obtain base manure.
Further, first time dressing fertilizer solution is adopted and is prepared with the following method: nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer are added in mass ratio to 300～400 times that quality is nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer gross mass, temperature is in the water of 20～30 DEG C, filters deslagging, obtain first time dressing fertilizer solution after stirring.Further, in order to improve the insect pest effect of Special fertilizer for potato, for instance, first time dressing fertilizer also includes the streptomycin that mass fraction is 0.005～0.01%, to improve the insect pest effect of Special fertilizer for potato.
Further, second time dressing fertilizer solution is adopted and is prepared with the following method: nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer are added in mass ratio to 300～400 times that quality is nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer gross mass, temperature is in the water of 20～30 DEG C, filters deslagging after stirring, and obtains second time dressing fertilizer solution.
Further, described first time dressing fertilizer and in described second time dressing fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer is at least one of carbamide, ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate, and described potash fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride.
The application process of the potato special fertilizer prepared according to the method described above, comprises the steps:
Using base manure, use prior to seeding, amount of application is 500kg/ mu；
Specifically, ridge is opened the ditch of 10cm, base manure is imposed in ditch.
Using first time dressing fertilizer, first time dressing fertilizer is used after the sowing later moon, and amount of application is 20～30kg/ mu, and wherein amount of application is the gross mass of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer；
Specifically, first time dressing fertilizer is drenched in face, ridge.
Using second time dressing fertilizer, second time dressing fertilizer is used after two months after planting, and amount of application is 10～15kg/ mu, and amount of application is the gross mass of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
Specifically, second time dressing fertilizer drenched in face, ridge or spray in liquid level.
Above-mentioned Special fertilizer for potato formula, base manure adopts inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer compounding application, fertilizer has the very strong ability keeping nutrient, the nutrient in inorganic fertilizer can be made to reach the purpose of slow releasing with inorganic fertilizer compounding application, add the nutrient slowly-released phase, it is greatly improved utilization rate of fertilizer, also improves Soil structure.And fertilizer can promote the formation of soil aggregate, activating soil in base manure, significantly improve the microecosystem environment of soil, enhance the gas permeability of soil and Water and fertilizer retention ability of soil, improve the ability of the sustainable increasing both production and income of soil.
When preparing base manure, adopting animal wastes, dewatered sludge, plant straw powder the like waste is major ingredient, effect bottom fermentation at bio-fermentation agent, make fertilizer ripening faster more thorough, reach better effect, and after organic materials become thoroughly decomposed thoroughly, be applied in ground and will not produce " burn seedlings " phenomenon, and reached the purpose of twice laid, reduce the production cost of fertilizer.Simultaneously, the microbe leaven added can with the secretions of plant root, Organic substance, harmful gas (hydrogen sulfide etc.) and carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc. for substrate, synthesis saccharide, aminoacid, vitamins, nitrogen compound and biological active substances, and the phosphorus of slightly solubility, potash fertilizer in soil can be carried out differentiation and becomes the absorbent phosphorus potash fertilizer of plant, promote the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi absorption to Nitrogen In Soils phosphorus potassium, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi can be made to give stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging, effectively prevent pest and disease damage.Base manure adds Chinese herbal medicine, it is possible to play the effect of parasite killing, it is to avoid the insect pest in later stage, reduce chemical classes utilization of pesticides；Meanwhile, Chinese herbal medicine itself is fermented is organic, also provides nutrient for Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, has double effects.
Additionally, the flyash in base manure, it is a kind of trade waste, can not only reduce environmental pollution, and the compositions such as its silicon dioxide contained, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide can make the demand that meets Rhizoma Solani tuber osi to some trace element.Bean cake in base manure contains abundant nutritional labeling, has enriched fertilizer for soil, improves the content of soil Middle nutrition composition, and improvement soil is played a role.Vermiculitum in base manure can be used as soil conditioner, owing to it has good cation commutativity and adsorptivity, can improve the structure of soil, and water storage preserves soil moisture, and improves breathability and the property of water-bearing of soil, makes acid ground become neutral soil；Vermiculitum may also function as cushioning effect, hinders the rapid change of pH value, makes fertilizer slow releasing in plant growth medium, and allows slightly excessively to use fertilizer that plant is safe from harm；Vermiculitum also can provide the elements such as Mn, Cu, the Zn of K, Mg, Ca, Fe and the trace self contained to crop.The water absorption of Vermiculitum, cation commutativity and properties of chemical composition so that it is play the multiple actions such as fertilizer conservation, water conservation, water storage, ventilative and mineral fertilizer.Kieselguhr in base manure is owing to having substantial amounts of microcellular structure, adsorptivity is strong, have water conservation, slow release extends fertilizer efficiency and the effect of improvement soil, and diatomaceous stable chemical nature, not with chemical fertilizer generation chemical reaction, the characteristic that chemical fertilizer is intrinsic can be kept, fertilizer efficiency is made to be played, soil will not be polluted simultaneously, and kieselguhr provides medium trace element silicon for fertilizer, can effectively reduce the cost of secondary and micro-element fertilizers, the soil texture can be effectively improved simultaneously, and reduce the pollution to environment and destruction.
Above-mentioned potato special fertilizer formula, the growth characteristics according to Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, by using different fertilizer in different periods, it is possible to avoids early stage potato set excessive growth, nutrient loss, later stage fertilizer deficiency, plant senilism, thus significantly improving yield and the quality of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi.
In order to be more fully understood that the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment technical scheme it is further elaborated and illustrates.
Embodiment 1:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula, base manure includes each component of following mass parts: 6.25 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 12.5 parts, potassium sulfate 6.25 parts, medium trace element 6 parts, Borax 2.4 parts, 12 parts of kieselguhr, 6 parts of flyash, fertilizer 120 parts, Vermiculitum 15 parts；Wherein, fertilizer includes plant ash 15 parts, dewatered sludge 15 parts, plant straw powder 15 parts, animal wastes 75 parts, bean dreg powder 12 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 6 parts, bio-fermentation agent 0.3 part.In first time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 3:1, and in second time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 1:1.The quality of base manure is 500kg/ mu, and the first time quality of dressing fertilizer is 20kg/ mu, and the quality of second time dressing fertilizer is 10kg/ mu.
Embodiment 2:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula, base manure includes each component of following mass parts: 6.0 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 13.1 parts, potassium sulfate 7.25 parts, medium trace element 6 parts, 12 parts of kieselguhr, 6 parts of flyash, fertilizer 140 parts, Vermiculitum 15 parts；Wherein, fertilizer includes plant ash 15 parts, dewatered sludge 20 parts, plant straw powder 15 parts, animal wastes 75 parts, bean dreg powder 15 parts, bio-fermentation agent 0.3 part.In first time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 3:1, and in second time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 0.8:1.The quality of base manure is 500kg/ mu, and the first time quality of dressing fertilizer is 20kg/ mu, and the quality of second time dressing fertilizer is 12kg/ mu.
Embodiment 3:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula, base manure includes each component of following mass parts: 5.8 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 11.2 parts, potassium sulfate 12 parts, medium trace element 8 parts, 12 parts of kieselguhr, 6 parts of flyash, fertilizer 100 parts, Vermiculitum 15 parts；Wherein, fertilizer includes plant ash 20 parts, dewatered sludge 15 parts, plant straw powder 15 parts, animal wastes 75 parts, bean dreg powder 12 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 8 parts, bio-fermentation agent 0.3 part.In first time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 3:1, and in second time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 1.2:1.The quality of base manure is 500kg/ mu, and the first time quality of dressing fertilizer is 20kg/ mu, and the quality of second time dressing fertilizer is 12kg/ mu.
Embodiment 4:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula, base manure includes each component of following mass parts: 5.2 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 12.1 parts, potassium sulfate 12 parts, medium trace element 6 parts, 12 parts of kieselguhr, 6 parts of flyash, fertilizer 110 parts, Vermiculitum 15 parts；Wherein, fertilizer includes plant ash 20 parts, dewatered sludge 15 parts, plant straw powder 15 parts, animal wastes 75 parts, bean dreg powder 12 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 8 parts, bio-fermentation agent 0.3 part.In first time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 3:1, and in second time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 1.2:1.The quality of base manure is 500kg/ mu, and the first time quality of dressing fertilizer is 20kg/ mu, and the quality of second time dressing fertilizer is 12kg/ mu.
The preparation of fertilizer: by plant ash, dewatered sludge, animal wastes, plant straw powder, bean dreg powder, Chinese herbal medicine and bio-fermentation agent by mass parts mix homogeneously, regulate pH6.0～7.0, add water adjustment moisture content to 45～65%, compost, in time piling interior temperature and reach 50～70 DEG C, ferment 20～40 days, then dry, pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves.
By kieselguhr, flyash, Vermiculitum crushed after being dried, cross 120～140 mesh sieves；
Sending into mix homogeneously in blender after adding nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, fertilizer, medium trace element, heating, to 60～70 DEG C, is sent in comminutor after drying and is carried out pelletize, namely obtain base manure.
The preparation of first time dressing fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer being added in mass ratio to 300～400 times that quality is nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer gross mass, temperature is in the water of 20～30 DEG C, filters deslagging, obtains first time dressing fertilizer after stirring.
The preparation of second time dressing fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer being added in mass ratio to 300～400 times that quality is nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer gross mass, temperature is in the water of 20～30 DEG C, filters deslagging after stirring, obtain second time dressing fertilizer.
Matched group: use the fertilizer such as commercially available compound fertilizer, potassium sulfate, use inorganic fertilizer 100kg for every mu, divides and uses for three times, every minor tick one month.
Experiment condition
The Favorita original seed that potato seed provides for Xue Chuan agricultural development company limited.
Fertilizer is 12% calcium superphosphate (Yunfu phosphate fertilizer plant), 46% carbamide (Sinopec), 50% potassium sulfate (German red cattle).
Experimental field in per os village, Ping Hai town, Huidong County, previous crops is Oryza sativa L., 0-20 centimetre of topsoil quality be light loam (≤0.01 mm granules accounts for 20.5%), pH value 6.26, organic 19.2g/kg, available nitrogen (N) 92.1mg/kg (alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen diffusion method), available phosphorus (P) 91.7mg/kg (Olsen method), available potassium (K) 12.1ppm (cation exchange resin membrane lixiviate-atomic absorption spectrophotometry) field carry out.
Table 1 Rhizoma Solani tuber osi contrast and experiment
| Process | Yield (kg/ mu) | Volume increase |
| Embodiment 1 | 3056.8 | 39.55% |
| Embodiment 2 | 3180.2 | 45.19% |
| Embodiment 3 | 3096.1 | 41.34% |
| Embodiment 4 | 3083.8 | 40.78% |
| Comparative example 1 | 2190.4 |
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is had obvious production-increasing function by the fertilizer formula using the present invention.Experimental group is compared with matched group, average mu rate of growth respectively 39.55%, 45.19%, 41.34% and 40.78%, and soil quality increases, the infiltration of soil, water conservation, venting capability strengthen, soil-borne disease insect pest significantly reduces, the quality of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is also significantly increased, perusal, and appearance luster is all better.
It should be noted that other embodiments of the invention also include, the technical characteristic in the various embodiments described above is mutually combined the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety that formed, that can implement, i.e. Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can combine arbitrarily, for making description succinct, the all possible combination of each technical characteristic in above-described embodiment is not all described, but, as long as the combination of these technical characteristics is absent from contradiction, all it is considered to be the scope that this specification is recorded.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to making some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula for ecological safety, including base manure, first time dressing fertilizer and second time dressing fertilizer, it is characterised in that the mass ratio of base manure, first time dressing fertilizer and second time dressing fertilizer is 20～30:1～1.5:0.6～0.9；
Described base manure includes each component of following mass parts: N-P-K mixed fertilizer 25～35 parts, medium trace element 2～6 parts, 10～15 parts of kieselguhr, 5～8 parts of flyash, fertilizer 100～140 parts, Vermiculitum 12～20 parts；Wherein, described fertilizer includes each component of following mass parts: plant ash 10～20 parts, dewatered sludge 10～20 parts, plant straw powder 10～20 parts, animal wastes 50～80 parts, bean dreg powder 10～15 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 5～10 parts and bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.3 part；
Described first time dressing fertilizer and second time dressing fertilizer are nitrogen potassium fertilizer, and wherein, in described first time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 2.5～3.5:1, and in described second time dressing fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 0.8～1.5:1.
2. the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fertilizer includes each component of following mass parts: plant ash 15～18 parts, dewatered sludge 15～18 parts, plant straw powder 15～18 parts, animal wastes 60～75 parts, bean dreg powder 12～14 parts, Chinese herbal medicine 6～8 parts and bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.3 part.
3. the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described base manure, N-P-K mixed fertilizer includes carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate.
4. the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in described base manure, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate is 1:2.0～2.3:0.75～1.05.
5. the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in described base manure, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate is 1:2.15:0.90.
6. the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described medium trace element includes calcium superphosphate, Borax and Chelating state magnesium, ferrum, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum.
7. the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described bio-fermentation agent includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, root Promoting bacteria, bacillus, silicate bacteria, streptomyces microflavus and Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
8. the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Chinese herbal medicine includes each component of following mass parts: Herba Artemisiae Annuae 1～1.2 part, Folium ailanthi 0.6～1.8 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 0.8～1.5 part, Pyrethrum 2.1～4.0 parts, 0.5～1.5 part of Nicotiana tabacum L., Radix Ricini 1.3～1.8 parts, 1.2～2.4 parts of Folium Mori.
9. the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described fertilizer is adopted and prepared with the following method:
By plant ash, dewatered sludge, animal wastes, plant straw powder, bean dreg powder, Chinese herbal medicine and bio-fermentation agent by mass parts mix homogeneously, regulate pH6.0～7.0, add water adjustment moisture content to 45～65%, compost, in time piling interior temperature and reach 50～70 DEG C, ferment 20～40 days, then dry, pulverize.
10. the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi fertilizer formula of ecological safety according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described first time dressing fertilizer and described second time dressing fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer is at least one of carbamide, ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate, and described potash fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride.
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| CN106220327A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-14 | 左邦庆 | Semen Maydis set meal is fertile |
| CN106220328A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-14 | 左邦庆 | Semen Tritici aestivi formula fertilizer |
| CN106220391A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-14 | 左邦庆 | Paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer |
| CN106220329A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-14 | 左邦庆 | Fertilizer special for cotton |
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