CN105748163B - Computer-aided tooth bracket-free invisible appliance design method - Google Patents
Computer-aided tooth bracket-free invisible appliance design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105748163B CN105748163B CN201610080483.XA CN201610080483A CN105748163B CN 105748163 B CN105748163 B CN 105748163B CN 201610080483 A CN201610080483 A CN 201610080483A CN 105748163 B CN105748163 B CN 105748163B
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/002—Orthodontic computer assisted systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a computer-assisted tooth bracket-free invisible appliance. The design method comprises the following steps: firstly, sequentially carrying out tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model acquisition, tooth segmentation and tooth repairing; then carrying out virtual gingival grid construction and virtual tooth occlusion construction; carrying out virtual correction to carry out movement treatment on a tooth model to obtain movement information of the tooth model; carrying out deformation calculation on a virtual gingival grid in the tooth model by adopting a free deformation algorithm based on a Laplacian operator according to the movement information of the tooth model; then carrying out optimization treatment and production on the treated tooth model. According to the design method disclosed by the invention, the tooth model is treated by utilizing a computer technology to obtain the appliance and the appliance is produced by utilizing a 3D (three-dimensional) printing technology, so that a whole virtual correction process is directly realized and the working efficiency and the precision of the appliance are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital oral cavity fields, and it is stealthy without bracket to have concretely related to a kind of area of computer aided tooth
Appliance design method.
Background technology
In recent years, digital oral cavity technology is quickly grown, and hidden tooth abnormal correction is also gradually popularized.And number treatment auxiliary system
Increasingly important role is played in orthodontic.The number treatment work to be completed of auxiliary system is exactly to tooth three-dimensional
Mathematical model is handled, and the simulation of virtual orthodontic treatment is completed, and is produced.
But due to computer technology in hidden tooth abnormal correction field in application, needing a large amount of man-machine interactively and artificial data
Processing, the production cycle is long, and cost is excessively high.
Invention content
A kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method provided by the present invention, utilizes computer skill
Art handles tooth model, designs appliance, and appliance is produced using 3D printing technique.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention includes following three modules：
The present invention comprises the steps of：
Step 1: structure includes the tooth model of gum：
The acquisition of tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model, tooth segmentation and Dental Erosion are first carried out successively, then carry out virtual gum net
Lattice is built to be engaged with virtual tooth and be built；
Step 2: carry out virtual orthodontic treatment carries out motion process to tooth model, tooth model movable information is obtained：
Including the step of teeth training structure carried out successively and tooth paths planning, and believed according to the movement of tooth model
Breath carries out deformation calculation using the free deformation algorithm based on Laplacian operators to the virtual gum grid in tooth model；
Step 3: by treated, tooth model optimizes processing and production again, optimization processing and production include biology
The step of auxiliary accessory installation, 3D printing pretreatment, gum line drawing and appliance material object produce is rescued in mechanical analysis.
Tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model acquisition in the step 1 specifically refers to：The acquired full jaw tooth of 3-D scanning
Plaster cast in kind, obtains including maxillomandibular tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model, and plaster cast is printed according to full jaw tooth silicon rubber
Digital photograph and X-ray are reprinted by silicone rubber impression in mould and mouth, then compare digital photograph in disease population, to plaster cast
Carry out repairing acquisition.
Tooth segmentation in the step 1 is by single tooth using region growth method from entire tooth jaw three-dimensional grid mould
It is separated in type.
Dental Erosion in the step 1 be specifically include that the single tooth edge of model carried out successively the dough sheet that turns up is deleted
It removes, three steps of burr removal and edge-smoothing.
Dental Erosion includes edge reparation, side reparation and the pedestal reparation to tooth, and edge reparation is good to dividing
Tooth edge removes flash removed, and is smoothed, and obtains the tooth model of edge-smoothing.It is that opposite side edge reparation is complete that side, which is repaired,
The side of complete absence of tooth is filled up, and should have natural form to side tooth surface lack part data and nothing penetrates interference,
To ensure virtual orthodontic treatment precision, be conducive to exchange displaying, and the connection between tooth and gum is smooth.Pedestal reparation is opposite side
The tooth addition virtual teeth root portion finished is repaired, tooth bottom is relatively true, and direction is consistent with tooth main shaft.
Virtual gum structure in the step 1 is specifically to be built using the tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model after Dental Erosion
Obtain virtual gum triangle gridding.By projection of the boundary and tooth boundary of tooth in world coordinates, virtual gum is obtained
Boundary construct quadratic function curve, and vertex is equably chosen on curve then according to the control point chosen on boundary,
According to the point on certain topological relation junction curve, you can build virtual gum grid.
In the step 1 virtual occlusion structure be specifically to the tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model after Dental Erosion at
Reason obtains best occluding relation, makes the contact area between upper lower tooth maximum under the premise of not colliding.
Teeth training structure in the step 2 is specifically including establishing single tooth local coordinate and establishing single tooth
The motion mode of tooth, motion mode include following six kinds of modes：Extend/force down transformation, buccal surface/lingual surface translation transformation, it is close in/it is remote
Middle translation transformation, it is close in/it is remote in direction corona rotation, major axes orientation rotation transformation, buccal surface/lingual surface teeth roots rotate.
Tooth paths planning in the step 2 refer to according to teeth training build as a result, every tooth of input at the beginning of
Beginning position and final position calculates the intermediate path of every tooth model movement, carries out movement interference detection and simultaneously eliminates collision,
To change the intermediate path of tooth movement, most suitable tooth model movable information is obtained.
The movement interference detection refers to that adjacent tooth model carries out collision detection in every place's intermediate path, and detection is
It is no to collide, interval among it is calculated to two tooth models not collided, to the two tooth moulds to collide
Type calculates its depth of penetration, and changing tooth final position by the depth of penetration eliminates collision.
Biomechanical analysis in the step 3 and to rescue auxiliary accessory installation refer to being carried out to the sport dynamics of tooth
Analysis, the form of attachment is designed according to the result of analysis, and attachment and tooth are blended.
The biomechanical analysis be the sport dynamics of tooth are analyzed, and according to analysis result design rescue it is auxiliary
Help attachment, the auxiliary accessory of rescuing is to rescue auxiliary tool, for labial teeth raising, force down, the rotation of tooth.It is attached to rescue auxiliary
Part installation refers to first determining accessory position, constructs local coordinate, then adjust attachment size, carries out boolean's merging to grid, finally
Attachment is merged with tooth model.
3D printing pretreatment in the step 3 be include that grid model fusion is filled up with interval of tooth, grid model melts
Conjunction refers to that the tooth of separation and gingival model are carried out fusion to form STL models for 3D printing；Interval of tooth fill up refer to by
Black Delta Region between tooth model Tooth absent region and adjacent teeth is filled up virtual grid dough sheet and is seamlessly transitted
Processing.
Gum line drawing in the step 3 refers to extracting gum line from the virtual gum triangle gridding of tooth model,
And be smoothly connected at gingival papilla, the gum line extracted after appliance press mold for cutting out processing.
Appliance production in the step 3 is that tooth model is carried out 3D printing, then carries out press mold processing, then right
Appliance after press mold is modified and is polished.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
During computer digital animation has been applied to tooth without bracket invisalign by the present invention well, tooth is constructed
Tooth model, and the movement structure rescued, intuitively realize entire virtual orthodontic treatment process, doctor are contributed to accurately to complete often
One step is rescued, and is greatly improved work efficiency and appliance precision.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of motion process process of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of virtual orthodontic treatment process of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is pretreated flow chart before model optimization of the present invention and production.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment invention is further described in detail.
The embodiment of the present invention is as follows：
Patient's tooth jaw triangle grid model is obtained first：Obtain digital in the full jaw tooth silicone rubber impression of patient and mouth shine
The data such as piece, X-ray, then silicone rubber impression reprints as plaster cast, and compares digital photograph in disease population, to plaster cast
It is repaired；Plaster cast is finally scanned, patient's tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model is obtained.
After getting the tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model, needs to handle the three-dimensional grid model, make it to be used for
Tooth virtual orthodontic treatment.Processing step is as shown in Fig. 2, detailed process is：
Tooth segmentation is carried out first with region growth method, automatically isolates single tooth from entire dentognathic model
Come, and the tooth after separation is saved as into individual file, facilitates the processing of next step.Then single tooth is repaired,
Edge reparation is first carried out, and saves as individual file；Side reparation and pedestal are carried out successively on the basis of edge reparation again
It repairs, side, which is repaired, fills up side lack part, and pedestal reparation is that tooth adds a virtual teeth root portion, will finally be repaired
Tooth save as individual file.On the basis of the model that reparation finishes at edge, continue virtual gum structure, by the side of tooth
The projection of boundary and tooth boundary in world coordinates, obtains the boundary of virtual gum, can according to the up-and-down boundary of virtual gum
Build virtual gum grid.Finally carry out virtual occlusion structure, it is therefore an objective to which lower jaw occluding relation in reduction, occlusion principle is not
Under the premise of colliding, keep the contact area between lower tooth maximum.
Model treatment finishes pretreatment before can carrying out virtual orthodontic treatment and production, and step is as shown in figure 3, detailed process
For：
It is converted first by six kinds of motion modes, teeth arrangement is neat.Six kinds of mapping modes are respectively：It extends/forces down
Transformation, buccal surface/lingual surface translation transformation, it is close in/it is remote in translation transformation, it is close in/it is remote in direction corona rotation, major axes orientation rotation become
It changes, buccal surface/lingual surface teeth roots rotation.When tooth is moved, gum also can deformation therewith.
Then it carries out teeth training interference to be detected, calculating the two to two adjacent teeths not collided
Every to the two teeth calculating depth of penetration to collide.Finally carry out tooth paths planning, the initial and final tooth of input
Position calculates the intermediate steps of tooth movement, and by simple interaction design, the intermediate path of modification tooth movement obtains
Most suitable tooth movement process.
As shown in figure 4, completing after rescuing scheme, need to carry out biomechanical analysis and attachment design to tooth, and will
Attachment is merged with tooth, completes attachment installation.Then 3D printing pretreatment is carried out, absence of tooth part and black triangle are filled up
Region, and tooth and gingival model are merged, a STL model is formed, 3D printing is used for.In addition, it is also necessary to extract tooth
Gum line, and be smoothly connected at gingival papilla, the gum line extracted after appliance press mold for cutting out processing.
Appliance production is finally carried out, 3D printing is carried out first, the full jaw tooth model of each step is all printed, is pressed
According to sequentially sequencing；Then it is to carry out press mold per secondary tooth model；It finally polishes, tooth and appliance is separated, so
It is polished afterwards appliance edge according to the gum line extracted.Polishing, which finishes, to carry out disinfection, that is, completes the life of appliance
Production.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method, it is characterised in that this method includes following step
Suddenly：
Step 1: structure includes the tooth model of gum：
The acquisition of tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model, tooth segmentation and Dental Erosion are first carried out successively, then carry out virtual gum grid structure
It builds to be engaged with virtual tooth and build；
Step 2: carry out virtual orthodontic treatment carries out motion process to tooth model, tooth model movable information is obtained：
Including the step of teeth training structure carried out successively and tooth paths planning, and according to the movable information pair of tooth model
Virtual gum grid in tooth model carries out deformation calculation；
Step 3: by treated, tooth model optimizes processing and production, and optimization processing and production include Biological Strength credit
It analyses, rescue the step of auxiliary accessory installation, 3D printing pretreatment, gum line drawing and appliance material object produce.
2. a kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method according to claim 1, feature exist
In：
Tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model acquisition in the step 1 specifically refers to：The material object of the acquired full jaw tooth of 3-D scanning
Plaster cast obtains including maxillomandibular tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model.
3. a kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method according to claim 1, feature exist
In：Tooth segmentation in the step 1 is to be divided single tooth from entire tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model using region growth method
It separates out and.
4. a kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method according to claim 1, feature exist
In：Virtual gum structure in the step 1 is specifically empty using the tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model structure acquisition after Dental Erosion
Quasi- gum triangle gridding；Virtual occlusion structure in the step 1 is specifically to the tooth jaw three-dimensional grid model after Dental Erosion
It carries out processing and obtains best occluding relation, make the contact area between upper lower tooth maximum under the premise of not colliding.
5. a kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method according to claim 1, feature exist
In：Teeth training structure in the step 2 is specifically the motion mode including establishing single tooth.
6. a kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method according to claim 1, feature exist
In：In the step 2 tooth paths planning refer to according to teeth training build as a result, input every tooth initial bit
It sets and final position, calculates the intermediate path of every tooth model movement, carry out movement interference detection and simultaneously eliminate collision, to repair
The intermediate path for changing tooth movement, obtains most suitable tooth model movable information.
7. a kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method according to claim 6, feature exist
In：The movement interference detection refers to that adjacent tooth model carries out collision detection in every place's intermediate path, to not occurring
Two tooth models of collision calculate interval among it, calculate its depth of penetration to two tooth models to collide, pass through
The depth of penetration changes tooth final position and eliminates collision.
8. a kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method according to claim 1, feature exist
In：In the step 3 3D printing pretreatment be include grid model fusion, grid model merge refer to the tooth that will be detached
Fusion, which is carried out, with gingival model forms STL models for 3D printing.
9. a kind of area of computer aided tooth invisible orthotic device without bracket design method according to claim 1, feature exist
In：Gum line drawing in the step 3 refer to gum line is extracted from the virtual gum triangle gridding of tooth model, and
It is smoothly connected at gingival papilla.
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