CN105732199A - Insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicine fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an insecticide microcapsule suspended liquid medicinal fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof. The raw materials for preparing the insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer include insecticide, organic solvent, encapsulation wall material, pH regulator I for preparing microcapsules, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, emulsified agent, filler, dispersant, defoamer, thickener, antifreeze and water; the pH regulator I is an acid. The raw material also includes a pH regulator II for adjusting the pH value of the liquid medicinal fertilizer; the pH regulator II is an alkali. The insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer of the invention has an average control effect on wheat aphids of more than 80.0%, and can also increase eggplant yield and N, P, K partial nutrient productivity. The process is simple and reasonable, the grinding volume of the material is reduced as much as possible, the energy consumption is low, it is suitable for industrial production, it is suitable for small area use, and it saves material resources, financial resources and manpower.

Description

A kind of insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicine fertilizer and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention relates to an insecticide microcapsule suspended liquid medicinal fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural medicinal fertilizers.

Background technique

Agricultural production is inseparable from medicine and fertilizer, but in most cases, medicine and fertilizer are applied alone, which wastes a lot of labor and time costs. Medicinal fertilizer is not a new concept. In the mid-1960s, American researchers discovered that Niancaojing can strongly inhibit nitrification and denitrification, reduce nitrogen loss, and enhance biological nitrogen fixation. As early as the 1980s, Japan's medicinal fertilizer research technology had matured. my country's research on medicinal fertilizers began in the 1980s, focusing on the development and research of herbicides.

Patent 201110176926.2 is a patent on herbicide fertilizer, which combines herbicide with trace elements; patent 98112626.X is a kind of foliar fertilizer and its production process. Although the pure natural product is efficient and non-toxic, it is easy to be destroyed due to environmental factors. Decomposition, resulting in short drug effect, and the effective retention of pesticides on the leaves cannot be guaranteed when the leaves are sprayed. Patent 201110177578.0 is a special liquid insecticide fertilizer for cotton. The effective insecticidal ingredient is azadirachtin, which is easily decomposed by light, and the efficacy cannot be guaranteed, and the nutrient concentration is low, which increases the transportation cost. Patent No. 95113702.6 Plant Growth Medicinal Fertilizer proposes the concept of medicinal fertilizer, using fertilizer metal ions to achieve insecticidal, bactericidal, disease prevention and treatment effects. However, the efficacy of the medicinal fertilizer is not investigated in the article, and its effect is unknown. The patent 99113263.7 multi-component compound medicinal fertilizer is aimed at the problem of underground diseases and pests, but the nutrient concentration of the fertilizer is low, it can only be applied to roots, and it has high acute toxicity. At present, there is no report of a safe, effective and stable suspension microcapsule type medicinal fertilizer that can kill insects and increase production and income.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicine fertilizer and its preparation method and application, this liquid medicine fertilizer combines insecticide and fertilizer according to certain ratio, and the average control effect to wheat aphid is 80.0 % or more, it can also increase the yield of eggplant. At the same time, under the precursor of ensuring product quality, a reasonable formula and suitable additive compatibility are adopted, so that the medicinal fertilizer can be stored for a long time, and the precipitation layer ratio is within the allowable range.

In the preparation method of the insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer provided by the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer include insecticide, organic solvent, encapsulation wall material, and are used for preparing Microcapsule pH regulator I, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, emulsifier, filler, dispersant, defoamer, thickener, antifreeze and water; the pH regulator I is an acid.

In the above preparation method, the insecticide microcapsule suspension liquid medicinal fertilizer further includes a pH regulator II for adjusting the pH value of the liquid medicinal fertilizer; the pH regulator II is an alkali.

In the above preparation method, in parts by weight, the insecticide microcapsule suspension liquid medicinal fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials:

0.1-20 parts of insecticide, 0.1-10 parts of organic solvent, 0.05-10 parts of encapsulating wall material, 0-20 parts of pH regulator I, but not 0, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus element of 5-20 parts 20-60 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 5-20 parts of potassium fertilizer, 2-10 parts of trace element fertilizer, 1-8 parts of emulsifier, 1-5 parts of filler, 1.5-8 parts of dispersant, 0.2-1 part Defoamer, 0.1-0.8 parts of thickener, 1-8 parts of antifreeze, 0-20 parts of pH regulator II and 15-105 parts of water.

In the above preparation method, the encapsulation wall material is an aqueous solution of urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer, which is prepared by mixing urea and formaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1: (1.5-3), and the mass concentration prepared by polycondensation reaction is 20%- 50% aqueous solution, the steps are as follows: dissolve urea into formaldehyde, the molar ratio of urea and formaldehyde is 1: (1.5~3), adjust the pH value to 7~10 with 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, Under the condition of stirring at 80°C, heat preservation reaction for 1 to 1.5 hours, a viscous and transparent urea-formaldehyde resin is formed, and water is added to obtain a clear and transparent aqueous solution of urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer with a mass concentration of 20% to 50%.

Microcapsule suspension is a kind of microcapsule with a semi-permeable capsule, which uses a polymer material as the capsule wall or capsule, and wraps the pesticide active substance as the capsule core by chemical, physical or physicochemical methods. , stable dispersion and suspension in the continuous phase at a certain concentration, the use of microcapsule suspension formulations can prolong the release period of active ingredients of pesticides, reduce acute toxicity, slow down the decomposition rate of active ingredients of pesticides, and reduce the loss of volatilization of active ingredients of pesticides. Improve stability, reduce the odor of dosage forms, reduce drug damage, improve rain resistance, and avoid environmental pollution; in the present invention, the insecticide is used as the capsule core, and the urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer is used as the capsule wall. Under the action of pesticides, insecticide microcapsules can be obtained through in-situ polymerization (polycondensation reaction), and the particle size of the insecticide microcapsules can be 1 to 40 μm; macronutrient fertilizers and trace element fertilizers are dispersed in water, Not only can it exert the activity of insecticide, but also has the characteristics of water-soluble fertilizer.

Specifically, in parts by weight, the insecticide microcapsule suspension liquid medicinal fertilizer can be prepared from the following raw materials:

2.2 parts of insecticide, 2 parts of organic solvent, 1.2 parts of encapsulating wall material, 1 part of pH regulator I, nitrogen fertilizer with 12 parts of nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer with 20 parts of phosphorus, potash fertilizer with 16 parts of potassium, 2 Parts of trace element fertilizer, 2 parts of emulsifier, 3 parts of filler, 5 parts of dispersant, 0.5 part of defoamer, 0.3 part of thickener, 5 parts of antifreeze, 1.2 parts of pH regulator II and 50 parts of water.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, the insecticide can be at least one of carbosulfan, bentacarb, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, kofenthrin, thiamethoxam and thiamethoxam, specifically, It is Carbosulfan and Kungfuchrin with a mass ratio of 10:1;

The organic solvent can be any one of benzene, toluene, xylene, methylene chloride and ethyl acetate.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, the nitrogen fertilizer can be any one of urea-ammonium nitrate solution, urea and liquid ammonia;

The phosphate fertilizer can be at least one of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, superphosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and phosphite;

The potash fertilizer can be at least one of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate;

The trace element fertilizer can be at least one of ammonium molybdate, copper nitrate, boric acid, borax, manganese sulfate, manganese nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide and ferrous sulfate.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, in order to ensure the stability of the fertilizer, it is necessary to solve the stratification and prevent precipitation. The present invention adopts a reasonable formula and suitable auxiliary agent compatibility, so that the fertilizer can be stored for a long time, and the ratio of sedimentation and stratification is within the allowable range. ;

The emulsifier can be polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymer (YUS-5050BP), polyoxyethylene (YUS-FS1), agricultural milk series (pesticide emulsifier series, such as agricultural milk 500: dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Calcium, Agricultural Milk 100: Alkylphenol Polyoxyethylene Ether, Agricultural Milk 300: Dibenzylphenol Polyoxyethylene Ether, Agricultural Milk 400: Benzyldimethylphenol Polyoxyethylene Ether, Agricultural Milk 600: Phenylphenol Polyoxyethylene Ether Oxyethylene ether, Nongru No. 600-2: phenylpropyl phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, Nongru 700: alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, Nongru No. 700-2: cumylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, Nongru No. 700-2: cumylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether Oxirane ether, Nongru 1600: phenethylphenol polyoxyethyl polyoxypropyl ether, etc.), dioctyl maleate sodium sulfonate (penetrant T), methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate Sodium Naphthalene (NNO), Nonylphenol Polyoxyethylene Ether (Emulsifier NP Series), Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monooleate (Tween-80), Sodium Dimethyl Naphthalene Sulfonate (MorwetM), Diiso At least one of sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate (pull open powder BX) and polyvinyl alcohol;

The filler can be at least one of montmorillonite, diatomite, bentonite, kaolin, attapulgite and attapulgite, with a particle size of 500-2500 mesh;

The dispersant can be sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, yellow acyl calcium succinate (YUS-EP60P), polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymer (YUS-5050BP), polyoxyethylene (YUS-FS1), WLNOUK (Alkyl sulfonate compound, Weilai Huinan Company), EthylanNS-500lq (Akzo Nobel Company, non-ionic hydroxyl polyethylene oxide block copolymer, EO/PO ratio is 1:1.71, pH value 6.5-7.5), alkylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate block copolymer (MorwetD-500, AkzoNobel) and Agrilan752 (double comb weak anionic polymer: α-olefin and dicarboxylate formed Copolymer, at least one of AkzoNobel);

The defoamer can be at least one of octanol, silicone defoamer and tributyl phosphate;

The thickener can be at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum, gum arabic, white carbon black and magnesium aluminum silicate;

The antifreezing agent can be at least one of ethylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol.

In the above preparation method, the acid can be sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid; the base can be sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

In the above preparation method, the percentage of solid particles is 10% to 60% (mass percentage), and the liquid medicinal fertilizer can be made more stable by controlling the appropriate percentage of solid particles.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, the preparation process is as follows:

(1) under agitation condition, mix the described nitrogen fertilizer that nitrogen element is 5～20 parts, the described potash fertilizer that potassium element is 5～20 parts, the described phosphate fertilizer that phosphorus element is 0～20 parts and 0～40 parts water, However, the amount of water added is not 0, and a saturated mother liquor is obtained;

(2) The mixed nitrogen element is 20-40 parts of the phosphate fertilizer, 2-10 parts of the trace element fertilizer, 1-5 parts of the dispersant, 0.2-1 part of the defoamer, 1-5 parts of the The above filler and 10-50 parts of water to obtain a solid-liquid mixture, which is ground;

(3) Under stirring conditions, mix 1-8 parts of emulsifier and 5-15 parts of water, drop into a solution of 0.1-20 parts of insecticide dissolved in 0.1-10 parts of organic solvent to shear, add 0.05-10 parts of the The above-mentioned capsule wall material, 0-20 parts of the above-mentioned pH regulator I, but not 0, adjust the pH to 2-4, undergo polycondensation reaction, heat up and solidify the capsule wall after heating, and then add 0.5-3 parts of dispersant to further shear cut;

(4) mixing the materials obtained in step (1), step (2) and step (3), adding 0.1 to 0.8 parts of thickener, 0.2 to 1 part of the defoamer and 1 to 8 parts of the antifreeze, The insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer can be obtained through mixing.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, what obtain in step (1) is saturated mother liquor, what obtain in step (2) is solid-liquid mixture, what step (3) obtain is the suspension that is wrapped with the microcapsule of insecticide, in step In (2), the solid-liquid mixture is first ground, and then the product obtained in steps (1)-step (3) is mixed, which can greatly reduce the grinding cost in the later stage.

In the above preparation method, in step (1), the mixing is carried out under stirring conditions, the stirring speed is 1000-3000 rpm, and the stirring time is 10-30 minutes.

In the above preparation method, in step (2), the grinding is carried out in an ultrafine grinder, the speed of the ultrafine grinder is 1500 to 6000 rpm, and the grinding time is 10 to 40 minutes. After grinding, 90% The particle size of the solid particles is 10-50 μm, and the viscosity is 500-3000 mPa·s.

In the above preparation method, in step (3), before the mixing (before the emulsifier and water are mixed), the rotating speed is 300-800 rpm; after the mixing, before adding the insecticide, adjust the rotating speed to 500-800 rpm. 1200 rpm, stirring time (i.e. shearing time) is 5-15 minutes; after adding insecticide, the stirring speed is 600-3000 rpm, stirring time is 30-60 minutes; adding the dispersant Afterwards, adjust the rotating speed to 2000～8000 rpm, and the stirring time is 5～20 minutes; the total stirring time is 1～2 hours; Minutes, during the process of solidifying the capsule wall, reduce the rotational speed to 200-1200 rpm and keep it for 10-40 minutes.

In the above preparation method, in step (3), after the capsule wall is solidified and before the dispersant is added, the step of adding 0-20 parts of the pH regulator II to adjust the pH of the system to 6-8 is also included.

The microcapsule type suspension liquid medicinal fertilizer prepared by any one of the above preparation methods is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

The microcapsule-type suspending agent liquid medicinal fertilizer of the present invention unifies the control of pests and the provision of necessary nutrients for plants, can ensure the dual effects of sterilization and fertilization, improve drug efficacy and pesticide utilization, reduce the waste of pesticides and fertilizers, and is effective, scientific, and efficient. Rational use of resources is of great significance to the protection of the environment. The integration of fertilization and pesticide application can effectively reduce the labor cost and time cost of agricultural production, and also play a positive role in reducing the user's agricultural input and increasing agricultural production and income. Experiments show that The average control effect on wheat aphids is more than 80.0%, and can significantly improve the yield and unit nutrient partial productivity (including N, P, K) of eggplant; The obtained microcapsule suspension type insecticide liquid medicinal fertilizer has good stability, can maintain no stratification for half a year, has good stability, uniformity and fluidity, low degradation rate of the insecticide, and high persistent effect.

The application of the above-mentioned insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer in at least one of the following 1)-3) is also within the protection scope of the present invention:

1) Prevention and treatment of aphids, specifically for the prevention and treatment of wheat aphids;

2) Improve eggplant yield;

3) Improve partial productivity per unit nutrient of eggplant.

In the above-mentioned application of increasing the yield of eggplant and/or increasing the partial productivity per unit nutrient of eggplant, the microcapsule suspension liquid medicinal fertilizer is applied at the seedling emergence stage in winter.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

(1) Insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medical fertilizer of the present invention combines insecticide and fertilizer according to a certain ratio, and the average control effect on wheat aphids is more than 80.0%, and can also improve eggplant output and reduce N and P simultaneously. , K nutrient input, increase N, P, K partial nutrient productivity.

(2) The present invention realizes the combination of medicine and fertilizer in the form of microcapsule suspending agent. Through the joint action of reasonable formula, suitable auxiliaries and good technology, the stability, uniformity and fluidity of medicine and fertilizer are all very good, and the medicine and fertilizer can be maintained for half a year. layer, no precipitation.

(3) The medicinal fertilizer of the present invention has the characteristics of water-soluble fertilizer, and the fertilizer has good solubility and high concentration, and the pesticide formulation can effectively prolong the release period of the active ingredient of the pesticide; reduce acute toxicity; slow down the decomposition rate of the active ingredient of the pesticide; reduce the active ingredient of the pesticide Volatility loss; improve stability; reduce the odor of dosage forms; reduce drug damage and improve rain resistance. While promoting the growth of crops, it also effectively prevents insect damage and avoids environmental pollution. It can be sprayed on leaves or roots.

(4) The inventive process is simple and reasonable, reduces the grinding volume of materials as much as possible, has low energy consumption, is suitable for industrial production, is suitable for small-area use, and saves material resources, financial resources and manpower.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medical fertilizer of the present invention.

detailed description

The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

The materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

The aqueous solution of urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer in the following examples is prepared through the following steps:

Dissolve urea in formaldehyde, the molar ratio of urea and formaldehyde is 1:1.8, adjust the pH value to 8.0 with 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, stir at 70°C, and keep warm for 1 hour to form viscous and transparent Add deionized water to the urea-formaldehyde resin and stir to obtain a clear and transparent aqueous solution of urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer.

The dispersants in the following examples are YUS-EP60P, YUS-5050PB, and YUS-FS1, all purchased from Shanghai Jieshi Chemical Co., Ltd.

The nitrogen solution in the following examples, namely the urea-ammonium nitrate solution, has a nitrogen content of 42.2%, and was purchased from Beijing Xinhefeng Agrochemical Data Co., Ltd.

Embodiment 1, preparation insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer

1. Formula

2.2 parts of insecticide, 2 parts of organic solvent, 1.2 parts of encapsulating wall material, 1 part of pH regulator I, nitrogen fertilizer with 12 parts of nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer with 20 parts of phosphorus, potash fertilizer with 16 parts of potassium, 2 Parts of trace element fertilizer, 2 parts of emulsifier, 3 parts of filler, 5 parts of dispersant, 0.5 part of defoamer, 0.3 part of thickener, 5 parts of antifreeze, 1.2 parts of pH regulator II and 50 parts of water.

Specifically, the following raw materials can be used to prepare:

2. Preparation method

Prepare insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer according to the following steps, as shown in Figure 1:

(1) Under the condition of rotating speed of 1000 rpm, add 300g of nitrogen solution, 280g of potassium nitrate, 50g of potassium chloride, 90g of ammonium polyphosphate, and 150g of water into reactor A, and stir for 20 minutes to prepare a saturated mother liquor.

(2) Add 100g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 150g monoammonium phosphate, 10g zinc sulfate, 10g boric acid, 250g water, 20g sodium hexametaphosphate, 10g yellowyl calcium succinate (YUS-EP60P) and 30g silicon Alite, to form a solid-liquid mixture, was ground for 30 minutes with an ultramicro grinder.

(3) At 25°C, set the stirring speed of Reactor C to 1200 rpm, fill in 20g of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymer (YUS-5050PB) and 100g of water, drop in at 2000 rpm to completely dissolve In 20g of toluene, 20g of carbosulfan and 2g of kungfuchrin, shear for 10 minutes and the shear rate drops to 1200 rpm, add 12g of urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer aqueous solution to form a stable O/W liquid, add 10g of sulfuric acid Adjust the pH to acidic (pH 2), polycondensation reaction occurs, and then gradually increase the temperature to 50 ° C, solidify the capsule wall for 90 minutes, add 12 g of potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 6.5, add 20 g of polyoxyethylene (YUS-FS1), and 600 rpm for 20 minutes.

(4) Fully mix and disperse the materials in reactors A, B, and C in a high-speed disperser, add 3g of xanthan gum, 5g of octanol, and 50g of ethylene glycol, and stir evenly to form a uniform and stable Microcapsule suspension liquid medicinal fertilizer product.

In the insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer prepared in this example, the particle size D ₉₀ of the insecticide microcapsules is 10-40 μm, and the content of solid particles is 30%; the liquid medicinal fertilizer can be kept for half a year Stratification, no precipitation, good stability.

In this embodiment, the volume of the saturated mother liquor obtained in step (1) accounts for 50% of the insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer prepared in this embodiment, and the volume of the solid-liquid mixture obtained in step (2) accounts for 40% of the insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer prepared in the example, can greatly reduce the grinding cost.

Use pH regulator II to adjust the medicinal fertilizer to a pH range of 6 to 8, and it can be kept for half a year without stratification or precipitation.

3. Field drug efficacy test

1. Insecticidal effect

(1) Medication: The test agent is the microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer prepared above; the control agent is 2.5% kaufthrin aqueous emulsion (Syngenta).

(2) Crop and control object Wheat: winter wheat, the variety is Luyuan 502; the control object is wheat aphid.

(3) Application method: 5 treatments are established in the test, respectively 100mL/ha, 200mL/ha, 300mL/ha of the insecticide microcapsule type liquid medicine fee prepared in embodiment 1, 300mL of 2.5% kaufthrin emulsion /ha and water control. The plot area is 20 square meters, and each treatment is repeated 4 times, and each plot is randomly arranged.

See Table 1 for the control test results of chemical fertilizers on wheat aphids at different doses.

Table 1. Results of control effects of medicinal fertilizers on wheat aphids

As can be seen from Table 1, the medicinal fertilizers have good control effects on wheat aphids under several doses used, and the average control effect exceeds 80.0%, and the control effect for more than 3 days is not significantly different from that of 2.5% kaufenthrin; And the suspension chemical fertilizer has good persistent effect in the control of wheat aphids under the treatment of 100, 200, 300mL/ha, and the average control efficiency of the persistent effect is good, all exceeding 95.0%.

2. The effect of fattening

(1) Test crop: eggplant (variety: Burita) in overwintering facilities.

(2) Test location: Gaoling Village and Yangxinzhuang, Miyun County, Beijing.

(3) Soil for testing: the soil nutrients are shown in Table 2 and Table 3.

Table 2. The physical and chemical properties of the test greenhouse foundation soil in Gaoling Village, Miyun County, Beijing

Table 3. The physical and chemical properties of the foundation soil of the test greenhouse in Yangxinzhuang, Miyun County, Beijing

(4) Test medicament: the insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicinal fertilizer (high phosphorus type suspension medicinal fertilizer) prepared in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, high nitrogen, low phosphorus and high potassium water-soluble fertilizer (25-5-20, expressing The content of nitrogen is 25% - the content of phosphorus _P2O5 is ₅ % - the content of potassium K2O is ₂₀ %) and high potassium water soluble fertilizer (15-5-22, which means the content of nitrogen is N15% _- phosphorus P2 The content of O ₅ is 5% - the content of potassium K ₂ O is 22%).

(5) Treatment: A total of three groups of treatments were set up, repeated three times, and arranged in random blocks.

The Gaoling Village experiment was planted on October 8, 2014, and the seedlings were pulled on May 25 of the next year, and 7.5 square meters of cow dung was used as the base fertilizer; the Yangxinzhuang experiment was planted on October 5, 2014, and the seedlings were pulled on May 30 of the next year , 3.5 cubic meters of chicken manure were applied as base fertilizer.

The topdressing treatments for the two trials were as follows:

Treatment 1: Traditional topdressing by farmers;

Treatment 2: Optimal top dressing (application of high nitrogen, low phosphorus, high potassium water-soluble fertilizer at the seedling stage-early fruiting stage + application of high potassium water-soluble fertilizer at the peak fruiting stage);

Treatment 3: Substitute high-phosphorus suspension fertilizer at seedling stage (use high-phosphorus suspension fertilizer to replace high-nitrogen, low-phosphorus, and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer at seedling emergence in winter, and the rest are the same as optimized topdressing).

Comparing the effects of three different treatments on eggplant yield and partial productivity per unit nutrient, the results are shown in Table 4, where the calculation formula of partial productivity per unit nutrient is as follows:

PFP=Y/F(1)

In formula (1), PFP refers to the partial productivity of unit nutrient, the unit is kg/kg, Y refers to the yield of crops applied with a specific fertilizer, the unit is kg/mu, F refers to the pure nutrient of specific fertilizer (referring to N, The input amount of P and K), the unit is kg/mu.

Table 4. Effects of different fertilization treatments on eggplant yield and partial productivity per unit nutrient

Claims (10)

1. the preparation method that an insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicine is fertile, it is characterised in that: prepare the fertile raw material of described insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicine include insecticide, organic solvent, cyst wall material, for preparing the pH adjusting agent I of microcapsule, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer, emulsifying agent, filler, dispersant, defoamer, thickening agent, antifreezing agent and water；Described pH adjusting agent I is acid.

2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described raw material also includes the pH adjusting agent II for regulating the fertile pH value of described liquid medicine；Described pH adjusting agent II is alkali.

3. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: in parts by weight, described insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicine fertilizer is to be prepared by the raw material of following component:

0.1～20 part of insecticide, 0.1～10 part of organic solvent, 0.05～10 part of cyst wall material, 0～20 part of pH adjusting agent I, but be not 0, nitrogen element be 5～20 parts nitrogenous fertilizer, P elements be 20～60 parts phosphate fertilizer, potassium element be the potash fertilizer of 5～20 parts, 2～10 parts of trace-element fertilizers, 1～8 part of emulsifying agent, 1～5 part of filler, 1.5～8 parts of dispersants, 0.2～1 part of defoamer, 0.1～0.8 part of thickening agent, 1～8 part of antifreezing agent, 0～20 part of pH adjusting agent II and 15～105 parts of water.

4. the preparation method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described cyst wall material is urea resin prepolymer aqueous solution, be the aqueous solution by carbamide and formaldehyde it is 1:(1.5～3 according to weight ratio) mixing, by the aqueous solution that mass concentration is 20%～50% that polycondensation reaction prepares；

Described insecticide is at least one in carbosulfan, worm prestige, chlopyrifos, diazinon, cyhalothrin, phosfolan_methyl and Diacloden；

Described organic solvent is any one in benzene,toluene,xylene, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate；

Described nitrogenous fertilizer is any one in urea-ammonium nitrate solution, carbamide and liquefied ammonia；

Described phosphate fertilizer is at least one in MAP, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium superphosphate, APP, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and phosphite；

Described potash fertilizer is at least one in potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate；

Described trace-element fertilizer is at least one in ammonium molybdate, copper nitrate, boric acid, Borax, manganese sulfate, manganese nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide and ferrous sulfate；

Described emulsifying agent is poloxalkol, polyoxyethylene, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, dibenzyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, benzyl dimethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, phenyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenylpropyl phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, cumylphenol formaldehyde resin polycyclic oxygen ethylether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethanyl polyoxyethyl propyl ether, disecoctylmaleate sodium sulfonate, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate, NPE, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate dehydration, double, two methyl naphthalene sulfonic acid sodium, at least one in diisobutyl sodium naphthalene sulfonate and polyvinyl alcohol；

Described filler is at least one in montmorillonite, kieselguhr, bentonite, Kaolin, Attagel and attapulgite, and particle diameter is 500～2500 orders；

Described dispersant is at least one in double; two pectination weak anionic polymer of sodium hexameta phosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, yellow acyl group calcium succinate, poloxalkol, polyoxyethylene, alkyl sulfonates complex, non-ionic hydroxyl polyethylene oxide block copolymer, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensation products block copolymer and alpha-olefin and dicarboxylic ester formation；

Described defoamer is at least one in capryl alcohol, organic silicon defoamer and tributyl phosphate；

Described thickening agent is at least one in sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, arabic gum, white carbon and aluminium-magnesium silicate；

Described antifreezing agent is at least one in ethylene glycol, glycerol and Polyethylene Glycol；

Described acid is sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid；

Described alkali is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

5. the preparation method according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: in described liquid medicine fertilizer, the particle diameter of insecticide microcapsule is 1～40 μm；In described liquid medicine fertilizer, the percentage ratio of solid particle is 10%～60%.

6. the preparation method according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that: preparation technology is as follows:

(1), under stirring condition, described potash fertilizer, P elements that described nitrogenous fertilizer that mixing nitrogen element is 5～20 parts, potassium element are 5～20 parts are the described phosphate fertilizer of 0～20 part and 0～40 part of water, obtain saturated mother solution；

(2) mixing nitrogen element is the described phosphate fertilizer of 20～40 parts, 2～10 parts of described trace-element fertilizers, 1～5 part of described dispersant, 0.2～1 part of described defoamer, 1～5 part of described filler and 10～50 parts of water, obtains solidliquid mixture, grinds；

(3) under stirring condition, mix 1～8 part of emulsifying agent and 5～15 parts of water, the solution instilling 0.1～20 part of insecticide being dissolved in 0.1～10 part of organic solvent is sheared, add 0.05～10 part of described cyst wall material, 0～20 part of described pH adjusting agent I, but it is not 0, regulates pH to 2～4, through polycondensation reaction, heat preservation solidification cyst wall after intensification, is subsequently adding 0.5～3 part of dispersant and shears further；

(4) material that blend step (1), step (2) and step (3) obtain, adding 0.1～0.8 part of thickening agent, 0.2～1 part of described defoamer and 1～8 part of described antifreezing agent, blended can to obtain described insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicine fertile.

7. the preparation method according to any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the rotating speed of described stirring is 1000～3000 revs/min, and temperature is 20～30 DEG C, and the time is 10～30 minutes；And/or,

In step (2), described grinding carries out in ultramicro-grinder, and the rotating speed of described ultramicro-grinder is 1500～6000 revs/min, milling time is 10～40 minutes, after grinding, the particle diameter of the solid particle of 90% 10～50 μm, viscosity 500～3000mPa s；And/or,

In step (3), before described mixing, rotating speed is 300～800 revs/min；After described mixing, before adding described insecticide, adjusting rotating speed to 500～1200 revs/min, mixing time is 5～15 minutes；After adding insecticide, described speed of agitator is 600～3000 revs/min, and mixing time is 30～60 minutes；After adding described dispersant, adjusting rotating speed to 200～8000 revs/min, mixing time is 5～20 minutes；Total mixing time is 1～2 hour；Described intensification is for being warming up to 45～70 DEG C, and the time of described insulation is 60～150 minutes；Rotating speed is reduced to 200～1200 revs/min by the process of described solidification cyst wall, and keeps 10～40 minutes.

8. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: after described solidification cyst wall, before adding described dispersant, described method also includes the described pH adjusting agent II of addition 0～20.0 part and regulates the step of pH to 6～8.

9. the insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicine that the preparation method according to any one of claim 1-8 prepares is fertile.

10. insecticide microcapsule suspension type liquid medicine described in claim 9 is fertile in following 1)-3) at least one in application:

1) prevent eliminating aphis；

2) eggplant yield is improved；

3) Fructus Solani melongenae unit nutrient wilfully force of labor is improved.