CN105737515A - Natural gas liquefaction system and method based on plate heat exchanger and modular mixed refrigerant - Google Patents
Natural gas liquefaction system and method based on plate heat exchanger and modular mixed refrigerant Download PDFInfo
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- CN105737515A CN105737515A CN201610153928.2A CN201610153928A CN105737515A CN 105737515 A CN105737515 A CN 105737515A CN 201610153928 A CN201610153928 A CN 201610153928A CN 105737515 A CN105737515 A CN 105737515A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 367
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 298
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0237—Heat exchange integration integrating refrigeration provided for liquefaction and purification/treatment of the gas to be liquefied, e.g. heavy hydrocarbon removal from natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
- F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/20—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using solidification of components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/66—Separating acid gases, e.g. CO2, SO2, H2S or RSH
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a natural gas liquefaction system and method based on a plate heat exchanger and a modular mixed refrigerant. The system comprises a plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module, a carbon dioxide purification module, a mixed refrigerant compression module and a natural gas storage module; the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module is successively connected with the carbon dioxide purification module and the natural gas storage module to form a natural gas liquefaction loop; the mixed refrigerant compression module is connected with the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module to form a refrigerant refrigeration circulation loop; the natural gas liquefaction loop is used for dehydrating, cooling, removing heavy hydrocarbon, cooling and liquefying, and reducing the pressure of natural gas as a raw materials, and then storing the natural gas; and the refrigerant refrigeration circulation loop is used for circularly using the mixed refrigerant to cool the natural gas. A liquefaction technology is simple in technological process, the number of equipment is small, energy consumption is low, and the natural gas liquefaction system is integrated with a carbon dioxide desorption module, and meanwhile has relatively high adaptability to different gas sources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering and low-temperature engineering, in particular to a plate heat exchanger-based modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system and method.
Background
Natural gas, petroleum and coal account for a large percentage of primary energy as main fossil energy in the world. Natural gas is regarded as a high-quality clean energy source and is paid more and more attention by more and more countries.
With the continuous optimization of energy structure and the continuous increase of natural gas consumption demand in China and the current situation that the reserves of most natural gas fields in China are not large, the natural gas supply and demand gaps in China are continuously enlarged, and according to prediction, the supply gap of natural gas in China reaches 1000 × 10 by 20208m3。
On the other hand, in China, a large number of marginal gas fields, associated gas fields and coal bed gas fields with small production and storage capacity exist, the storage capacity of a single well is small, the single well is far away from a gas supply pipe network, the adoption of a pipe conveying method does not accord with economic benefits and is not effectively developed and utilized, and the gas is discharged by an ignition torch for a long time. The modularized natural gas liquefaction device can effectively utilize the natural gas resources, is also suitable for purifying and liquefying biological gas (including municipal refuse landfill gas), offshore oil field associated gas, partial coke oven gas liquefaction, coal bed natural gas (gas), shale gas development and utilization and the like through technical expansion, and has very wide market prospect.
The natural gas liquefaction process mainly comprises three types, namely a mixed refrigerant liquefaction process, a liquefaction process with an expander and a cascade liquefaction process. The existing natural gas liquefaction process is mainly designed for a basic load type natural gas liquefaction plant, and China is lack of a liquefaction process which is designed for a small skid-mounted natural gas liquefaction device independently. The mixed refrigerant liquefaction process is widely applied to large and medium-sized natural gas liquefaction plants due to the characteristic of low energy consumption. However, for small skid-mounted natural gas liquefaction plants, the mixed refrigerant liquefaction process is relatively complex.
Through search, patent publication No. CN102477327A, entitled "a middle and small natural gas liquefaction process", discloses a middle and small natural gas liquefaction process, in which a mixed refrigerant adopts two-stage gas-liquid separation, three heat exchangers are provided, the process is complex, and is not suitable for a modularized natural gas liquefaction device.
Patent publication No. CN102445052A, entitled "a marsh gas liquefaction process and device for scattered source points", adopts two mixed refrigeration cycles to liquefy the marsh gas of scattered source points, because this technology comprises two independent refrigeration cycles, and equipment is more, and the flow is complicated, is unfavorable for equipment modularization, and the component difference of the component of marsh gas and natural gas is great simultaneously, consequently also can not be applied to modularization natural gas liquefaction device.
The existing natural gas liquefaction process has very high requirements on a natural gas purification device, because a conventional liquefaction cold box adopts a plate-fin heat exchanger, the flow channel of the plate-fin heat exchanger is very small, and if the natural gas purification device cannot remove carbon dioxide to very low content, solid carbon dioxide is very easy to block the flow channel of the plate-fin heat exchanger at low temperature. The natural gas purification device generally accounts for about half of the total investment of the natural gas liquefaction device, so if a liquefaction and purification integrated process can be invented, the equipment investment is greatly saved, and meanwhile, the equipment modularization and the mobility are facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a plate heat exchanger-based modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system and a plate heat exchanger-based modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction method.
According to the invention, the modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system based on the plate heat exchanger comprises: the plate heat exchanger comprises a liquefaction cold box module, a carbon dioxide purification module, a mixed refrigerant compression module and a natural gas storage module; the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module is sequentially connected with the carbon dioxide purification module and the natural gas storage module to form a natural gas liquefaction passage; the mixed refrigerant compression module is connected with the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module to form a refrigerant refrigeration cycle loop; wherein,
the natural gas liquefaction loop is used for dehydrating, cooling, removing heavy hydrocarbons, cooling, liquefying and depressurizing the raw natural gas and then storing the raw natural gas;
the refrigerant refrigeration cycle loop is used for cooling natural gas by circularly utilizing mixed refrigerant.
Preferably, the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module comprises: the system comprises a gas-phase refrigerant precooler, a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler, a natural gas precooling heat exchanger, a heavy hydrocarbon separator, a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device, a mixed refrigerant flow divider, a mixed refrigerant primary mixer, a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger, a gas-phase refrigerant throttling device, a liquefied natural gas throttling valve and a mixed refrigerant secondary mixer; wherein, in the natural gas liquefaction loop: a natural gas outlet of the natural gas precooling heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the heavy hydrocarbon separator; a gas phase outlet of the heavy hydrocarbon separator is sequentially connected with a natural gas inlet of the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger and an inlet of the carbon dioxide purification module; and a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide purification module is sequentially connected with inlets of the liquefied natural gas throttling device and the liquefied natural gas storage module.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide purification module comprises: the carbon dioxide separator is a solid-liquid separator; the natural gas storage module includes: liquefied natural gas storage tank.
Preferably, the mixed refrigerant compression module includes: the mixed refrigerant compressor comprises a mixed refrigerant primary compressor, a primary compressor cooler, a mixed refrigerant secondary compressor and a secondary compressor cooler which are sequentially connected, wherein an inlet of the mixed refrigerant primary compressor forms an inlet of a mixed refrigerant compression module, and an outlet of the secondary compressor cooler forms an outlet of the mixed refrigerant compression module.
Preferably, in the refrigerant refrigeration cycle circuit: the outlet of the mixed refrigerant compression module is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant separator; the two gas-phase outlets of the mixed refrigerant separator are divided into two paths, and one path of the mixed refrigerant separator sequentially passes through the gas-phase refrigerant precooler, the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger and the gas-phase refrigerant throttling device, then passes through the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger again and is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer; the other path of the mixed refrigerant passes through a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler and a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device in sequence and then is connected with an inlet of a mixed refrigerant primary mixer, an outlet of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer is divided into three paths, and the three paths of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer are respectively connected with an inlet of a mixed refrigerant secondary mixer after passing through a gas-phase refrigerant precooler, a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler and a natural gas precooling heat exchanger; and the outlet of the mixed refrigerant secondary mixer is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant compressor module.
Preferably, the gas-phase refrigerant throttling device and the liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device are throttle valves or liquid expanders.
Preferably, the system also comprises a refrigerant storage and proportioning unit, an instrument control unit, an instrument wind and PSA nitrogen generation module and a generator module.
According to the plate heat exchanger based modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction method provided by the invention, the plate heat exchanger based modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system is applied, and the method comprises the following steps:
step A: the raw material natural gas is subjected to moisture and impurity removal by a dehydration device, then is cooled by a natural gas precooling heat exchanger and then enters a heavy hydrocarbon separator, the natural gas subjected to heavy hydrocarbon removal enters a natural gas copious cooling heat exchanger for cooling and liquefaction, carbon dioxide in the natural gas is removed by a carbon dioxide separation module, and then is depressurized to liquefied natural gas storage pressure by a liquefied natural gas throttling device and then enters a liquefied natural gas storage tank;
and B: the mixed refrigerant is pressurized and cooled by the mixed refrigerant compression module and enters the mixed refrigerant gas-liquid separator, and the separated gas-phase refrigerant is cooled by the gas-phase refrigerant precooler and the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger and then throttled and cooled by the gas-phase refrigerant throttling device to provide cold energy for the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger; the separated liquid-phase refrigerant is cooled by a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler, throttled and cooled by a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device, mixed with a gas-phase refrigerant from a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger and divided into three refrigerant streams by a mixed refrigerant splitter to respectively provide cold energy for the natural gas precooling heat exchanger, the liquid-phase refrigerant precooler and the gas-phase refrigerant precooler; and the mixed refrigerant which is output after the cold energy is provided by the natural gas precooling heat exchanger, the liquid-phase refrigerant precooler and the gas-phase refrigerant precooler enters the mixed refrigerant second-stage mixer to be mixed and then returns to the mixed refrigerant compression module to complete the refrigeration cycle.
Preferably, in the step a, the pressure of the raw material natural gas entering the liquefaction cold box of the plate heat exchanger needs to be higher than 4.0 MPa.
Preferably, the storage pressure of the natural gas storage tank in the step A is 0.1 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the plate heat exchanger-based modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system provided by the invention provides a liquefaction and purification integrated liquefaction process, greatly simplifies purification equipment and is convenient for equipment modularization.
2. The plate heat exchanger is adopted as the liquefaction cold box in the plate heat exchanger-based modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system, on one hand, the purification requirement is lower than that of the plate-fin heat exchanger cold box due to the large flow channel; on the other hand, because the material of the plate heat exchanger is stainless steel, the corrosion caused by mercury in natural gas can be avoided.
3. According to the plate heat exchanger-based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system, the HYSYS software widely adopted in the oil and gas industry is subjected to analog calculation, so that the liquefaction process is low in energy consumption and high in adaptability to different gas sources, and is relatively suitable for the liquefaction process of a modular natural gas liquefaction device; the daily treatment capacity of the liquefaction process is 5000-50000 Nm3。
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plate heat exchanger based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system;
in the figure:
the mixed refrigerant system comprises a mixed refrigerant primary compressor 1, a primary compressor cooler 2, a mixed refrigerant secondary compressor 3, a secondary compressor cooler 4, a mixed refrigerant separator 5, a gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7, a natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8, a heavy hydrocarbon separator 9, a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device 10, a mixed refrigerant flow divider 11, a mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12, a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13, a carbon dioxide separator 14, a gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15, a liquefied natural gas throttling valve 16, a mixed refrigerant secondary mixer 17 and a liquefied natural gas storage tank 18.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
According to the invention, the plate heat exchanger-based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system comprises: the plate heat exchanger comprises a liquefaction cold box module, a carbon dioxide purification module, a mixed refrigerant compression module and a natural gas storage module; the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module is sequentially connected with the carbon dioxide purification module and the natural gas storage module to form a natural gas liquefaction loop; the mixed refrigerant compression module is connected with the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module to form a refrigerant refrigeration cycle loop; wherein,
the natural gas liquefaction loop is used for dehydrating, cooling, removing heavy hydrocarbons, cooling, liquefying and depressurizing the raw natural gas and then storing the raw natural gas;
the refrigerant refrigeration cycle loop is used for cooling natural gas by circularly utilizing mixed refrigerant.
The plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module includes: the system comprises a gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7, a natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8, a heavy hydrocarbon separator 9, a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device 10, a mixed refrigerant flow divider 11, a mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12, a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13, a gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15, a liquefied natural gas throttling valve 16 and a mixed refrigerant secondary mixer 17; wherein the natural gas liquefaction loop is characterized by: a natural gas outlet of the natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8 is connected with an inlet of the heavy hydrocarbon separator 9; a gas phase outlet of the heavy hydrocarbon separator 9 is sequentially connected with a natural gas inlet of a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13 and an inlet of a carbon dioxide purification module; and a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide purification module is sequentially connected with an inlet of the liquefied natural gas throttling device 16 and an inlet of the liquefied natural gas storage module.
The carbon dioxide purification module includes: a carbon dioxide separator 14, wherein the carbon dioxide separator 14 is a solid-liquid separator.
The natural gas storage module includes: a liquefied natural gas storage tank 18.
The refrigerant refrigeration cycle circuit is as follows: the outlet of the mixed refrigerant compression module is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant separator 5; the two gas-phase outlets of the mixed refrigerant separator 5 are divided into two paths, one path of the mixed refrigerant passes through the gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13 and the gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15 in sequence, then passes through the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13 again and then is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12; the other path of the mixed refrigerant passes through a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7 and a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device 10 in sequence and then is connected with an inlet of a mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12, an outlet of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12 is divided into three paths, and the three paths of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer are respectively connected with an inlet of a mixed refrigerant secondary mixer 17 after passing through a gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7 and a natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8; the outlet of the mixed refrigerant secondary mixer 17 is connected to the inlet of the mixed refrigerant compressor module.
The mixed refrigerant compression module includes: the mixed refrigerant compressor comprises a mixed refrigerant primary compressor 1, a primary compressor cooler 2, a mixed refrigerant secondary compressor 3 and a secondary compressor cooler 4 which are sequentially connected, wherein an inlet of the mixed refrigerant primary compressor 1 forms an inlet of a mixed refrigerant compression module, and an outlet of the secondary compressor cooler 4 forms an outlet of the mixed refrigerant compression module.
The gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15 and the liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device 10 are throttle valves or liquid expanders.
The invention provides a plate heat exchanger-based modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction method, which comprises the following steps:
step A: the raw material natural gas is subjected to moisture removal and other impurities removal through a dehydration device, then is cooled through a natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8 and then enters a heavy hydrocarbon separator 9, the natural gas after heavy hydrocarbon removal enters a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13 for cooling and liquefaction, carbon dioxide in the natural gas is removed through a carbon dioxide separation module, and then is depressurized to liquefied natural gas storage pressure through a liquefied natural gas throttling device 16 and then enters a liquefied natural gas storage tank 18;
and B: the mixed refrigerant is pressurized and cooled by a mixed refrigerant compression module, enters a mixed refrigerant gas-liquid separator 5, and the separated gas-phase refrigerant is cooled by a gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6 and a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13 and then is throttled and cooled by a gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15 to provide cold energy for the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13; the separated liquid-phase refrigerant is cooled by a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7, throttled and cooled by a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device 10, mixed with a gas-phase refrigerant from a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13, and divided into three refrigerant streams by a mixed refrigerant splitter 11 to respectively provide cold energy for a natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8, the liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7 and the gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6; the mixed refrigerant which is output after the cold energy is provided by the natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8, the liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7 and the gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6 enters the mixed refrigerant second-stage mixer 17 to be mixed and then returns to the mixed refrigerant compression module, and the refrigeration cycle is completed.
In the step A, the pressure of the raw material natural gas entering the liquefaction cold box of the plate heat exchanger needs to be higher than 4.0 MPa.
And the storage pressure of the natural gas storage tank in the step A is 0.1 MPa.
The mixed refrigerant in the step B is prepared from the raw material C1-C4Hydrocarbons and N2The mixed refrigerant is formed.
As shown in fig. 1, includes: the mixed refrigerant system comprises a mixed refrigerant primary compressor 1, a primary compressor cooler 2, a mixed refrigerant secondary compressor 3, a secondary compressor cooler 4, a mixed refrigerant separator 5, a gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7, a natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8, a heavy hydrocarbon separator 9, a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device 10, a mixed refrigerant flow divider 11, a mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12, a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13, a carbon dioxide separator 14, a gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15, an liquefied natural gas throttling valve 16, a mixed refrigerant secondary mixer 17 and an liquefied natural gas storage tank 18.
Specifically, the system of the present invention comprises: a natural gas liquefaction loop and a mixed refrigerant refrigeration cycle loop; the concrete components are as follows:
the natural gas liquefaction loop is specifically configured as follows: the natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8, the heavy hydrocarbon separator 9, the natural gas deep cooling heat exchanger 13, the carbon dioxide separator 14, the liquefied natural gas throttle valve 16 and the liquefied natural gas storage tank 18 are sequentially connected; a gas phase outlet of the heavy hydrocarbon separator 9 is sequentially connected with a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13 and an inlet of a carbon dioxide separator 14; and a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide separator 14 is connected with inlets of a liquefied natural gas throttle valve 16 and a liquefied natural gas storage tank 18 in sequence.
The mixed refrigerant refrigeration cycle specifically has the following configuration: the mixed refrigerant primary compressor 1, the primary compressor cooler 2, the mixed refrigerant secondary compressor 3, the secondary compressor cooler 4 and the mixed refrigerant separator 5 are connected in sequence, and the gas-phase outlet of the mixed refrigerant 5 is connected with the gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13 and the inlet of the gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15 in sequence; the liquid phase outlet of the mixed refrigerant 5 is connected with the liquid phase refrigerant precooler 7 and the inlet of the liquid phase refrigerant throttling device 10 in sequence; the outlet of the gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15 is connected with the inlets of the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13 and the mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12 in sequence; the outlet of the liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device 10 is connected with the inlet of a mixed refrigerant first-stage mixer 12; the outlet of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12 is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant flow divider 11; the outlet of the mixed refrigerant flow divider 11 is respectively connected with the inlets of the gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, the liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7 and the natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8; the outlet of the natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8 is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant secondary mixer 17, and the outlet of the mixed refrigerant secondary mixer 17 is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant primary compressor 1.
The equipment of the invention can be formed into a plurality of modules, which is convenient for production, transportation and replacement of air sources; the method comprises the following specific steps:
the mixed refrigerant compression module comprises a mixed refrigerant primary compressor 1, a primary compressor cooler 2, a mixed refrigerant secondary compressor 3 and a secondary compressor cooler 4.
The plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module includes: the device comprises a gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7, a natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8, a heavy hydrocarbon separator 9, a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device 10, a mixed refrigerant flow divider 11, a mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12, a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13, a gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15 and a mixed refrigerant secondary mixer 17.
The carbon dioxide purification module comprises: a carbon dioxide separator 14.
The natural gas storage module includes: the lng tank 18 constitutes liquefaction.
The method for liquefying natural gas by using the plate heat exchanger-based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system concretely comprises the following embodiments:
examples
Natural gas molar composition 93% CH4+4％C3H8+2％N2+1％CO2The pressure is 4.0MPa, the temperature is 40 ℃, and the flow is 1 kmol/h; the mixed refrigerant flow rate was 2.68 kmol/h. The modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction process based on the plate heat exchanger comprises the following specific steps:
1. cooling the natural gas raw material to-40 ℃ through a natural gas precooling heat exchanger;
2. the natural gas cooled in the step (2) enters a heavy hydrocarbon separator 9, and heavy hydrocarbon is obtained from the bottom 2;
3. cooling the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13 subjected to heavy hydrocarbon removal in the step 2 to-15 ℃;
4. the natural gas obtained in the step 3 enters a carbon dioxide separator 14, liquefied natural gas flows out from the top of the carbon dioxide separator 14, and solid carbon dioxide is separated from the bottom of the carbon dioxide separator 14;
5. the liquefied natural gas from which the carbon dioxide is removed in the step 4 is throttled and depressurized to 0.1MPa through a liquefied natural gas throttle valve 16, and then enters a liquefied natural gas storage tank 18;
6. the mixed refrigerant raw material is pressurized to 0.83MPa by a mixed refrigerant primary compressor 1 and then enters a primary compressor cooler 2 to be cooled to 40 ℃;
7. the mixed refrigerant cooled in the step 6 is pressurized to 3.01MPa by a mixed refrigerant secondary compressor 3, and then enters a secondary compressor cooler 4 to be cooled to 40 ℃;
8. the mixed refrigerant cooled in the step 7 is changed into a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and enters a mixed refrigerant separator 5, the gas-phase refrigerant is cooled to-40 ℃ by a gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, then cooled to-160 ℃ by a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13, and then is depressurized to 0.255MPa by a gas-phase refrigerant throttling device 15, the temperature is reduced to-165.02 ℃, and cold energy is provided for the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger 13;
9. the liquid-phase refrigerant separated by the mixed refrigerant separator 5 in the step 7 is cooled to-40 ℃ through the liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7, and is reduced in pressure to 0.255MPa through the liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device 10, and the temperature is reduced to-48.23 ℃;
10. the gas-phase refrigerant and the liquid-phase refrigerant after the steps 8 and 9 are mixed in the mixed refrigerant primary mixer 12, the temperature is changed to-47.38 ℃, then the mixed refrigerant is divided into three refrigerant strands through the mixed refrigerant splitter 11, the three refrigerant strands respectively provide cold energy for the gas-phase refrigerant precooler 6, the liquid-phase refrigerant precooler 7 and the natural gas precooling heat exchanger 8, and the cold energy is changed to 36.64 ℃ and then returns to the mixed refrigerant primary compressor 1 to complete the refrigeration cycle.
Obtained through simulation calculationThe unit energy consumption of the modularized mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction process based on the plate heat exchanger is 0.332kWh/Nm3. After passing through the carbon dioxide separator 14, the content of carbon dioxide in the liquefied natural gas is 500ppm, and most of carbon dioxide is separated and removed by the carbon dioxide separator 14 compared with the content of carbon dioxide in the feed gas of 1%.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A plate heat exchanger based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system, comprising: the plate heat exchanger comprises a liquefaction cold box module, a carbon dioxide purification module, a mixed refrigerant compression module and a natural gas storage module; the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module is sequentially connected with the carbon dioxide purification module and the natural gas storage module to form a natural gas liquefaction passage; the mixed refrigerant compression module is connected with the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module to form a refrigerant refrigeration cycle loop; wherein,
the natural gas liquefaction loop is used for dehydrating, cooling, removing heavy hydrocarbons, cooling, liquefying and depressurizing the raw natural gas and then storing the raw natural gas;
the refrigerant refrigeration cycle loop is used for cooling natural gas by circularly utilizing mixed refrigerant.
2. The plate heat exchanger modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system of claim 1, wherein the plate heat exchanger liquefaction cold box module comprises: the device comprises a gas-phase refrigerant precooler (6), a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler (7), a natural gas precooling heat exchanger (8), a heavy hydrocarbon separator (9), a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device (10), a mixed refrigerant flow divider (11), a mixed refrigerant primary mixer (12), a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger (13), a gas-phase refrigerant throttling device (15), a liquefied natural gas throttling valve (16) and a mixed refrigerant secondary mixer (17); wherein, in the natural gas liquefaction loop: a natural gas outlet of the natural gas precooling heat exchanger (8) is connected with an inlet of the heavy hydrocarbon separator (9); a gas phase outlet of the heavy hydrocarbon separator (9) is sequentially connected with a natural gas inlet of a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger (13) and an inlet of a carbon dioxide purification module; and a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide purification module is sequentially connected with inlets of the liquefied natural gas throttling device (16) and the liquefied natural gas storage module.
3. The plate heat exchanger modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system of claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide purification module comprises: a carbon dioxide separator (14), wherein the carbon dioxide separator (14) is a solid-liquid separator; the natural gas storage module includes: a liquefied natural gas storage tank (18).
4. The plate heat exchanger-based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system of claim 2, wherein the mixed refrigerant compression module comprises: the mixed refrigerant compressor comprises a mixed refrigerant primary compressor (1), a primary compressor cooler (2), a mixed refrigerant secondary compressor (3) and a secondary compressor cooler (4) which are sequentially connected, wherein an inlet of the mixed refrigerant primary compressor (1) forms an inlet of a mixed refrigerant compression module, and an outlet of the secondary compressor cooler (4) forms an outlet of the mixed refrigerant compression module.
5. The plate heat exchanger-based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system of claim 4, wherein in the refrigerant refrigeration cycle loop: the outlet of the mixed refrigerant compression module is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant separator (5); two gas phase outlets of the mixed refrigerant separator (5) are divided into two paths, one path sequentially passes through the gas phase refrigerant precooler (6), the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger (13) and the gas phase refrigerant throttling device (15), then passes through the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger (13) again and is connected with an inlet of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer (12); the other path of the mixed refrigerant passes through a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler (7) and a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device (10) in sequence and then is connected with an inlet of a mixed refrigerant primary mixer (12), an outlet of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer (12) is divided into three paths, and the three paths of the mixed refrigerant primary mixer are respectively connected with an inlet of a mixed refrigerant secondary mixer (17) after passing through a gas-phase refrigerant precooler (6), a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler (7) and a natural gas precooling heat exchanger (8); the outlet of the mixed refrigerant secondary mixer (17) is connected with the inlet of the mixed refrigerant compressor module.
6. The plate heat exchanger based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system of claim 2, characterized in that the gas phase refrigerant throttling device (15) and the liquid phase refrigerant throttling device (10) are throttling valves or liquid expanders.
7. The plate heat exchanger-based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system of claim 1, further comprising a refrigerant storage and proportioning unit, an instrumentation control unit, an instrumentation wind and PSA nitrogen generation module, and a generator module.
8. A plate heat exchanger based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction method is applied to the plate heat exchanger based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system of any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
step A: the raw material natural gas is subjected to moisture and impurity removal by a dehydration device, then is cooled by a natural gas precooling heat exchanger (8), then enters a heavy hydrocarbon separator (9), the natural gas subjected to heavy hydrocarbon removal enters a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger (13) for cooling and liquefaction, is subjected to carbon dioxide removal in the natural gas by a carbon dioxide separation module, is depressurized to liquefied natural gas storage pressure by a liquefied natural gas throttling device (16), and then enters a liquefied natural gas storage tank (18);
and B: the mixed refrigerant is pressurized and cooled by a mixed refrigerant compression module, enters a mixed refrigerant gas-liquid separator (5), and the separated gas-phase refrigerant is cooled by a gas-phase refrigerant precooler (6) and a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger (13) and then throttled and cooled by a gas-phase refrigerant throttling device (15) to provide cold energy for the natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger (13); the separated liquid-phase refrigerant is cooled by a liquid-phase refrigerant precooler (7), throttled and cooled by a liquid-phase refrigerant throttling device (10), mixed with a gas-phase refrigerant discharged from a natural gas cryogenic heat exchanger (13), and divided into three refrigerant strands by a mixed refrigerant flow divider (11) to respectively provide cold energy for a natural gas precooling heat exchanger (8), the liquid-phase refrigerant precooler (7) and the gas-phase refrigerant precooler (6); the mixed refrigerant which is provided with cold energy by the natural gas precooling heat exchanger (8), the liquid-phase refrigerant precooler (7) and the gas-phase refrigerant precooler (6) enters the mixed refrigerant second-stage mixer (17) to be mixed and then returns to the mixed refrigerant compression module to complete the refrigeration cycle.
9. The plate heat exchanger modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction method of claim 8, wherein in the step A, the pressure of the raw natural gas entering the liquefaction cold box of the plate heat exchanger is higher than 4.0 MPa.
10. The plate heat exchanger-based modular mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction method of claim 8, characterized in that the storage pressure of the natural gas storage tank in step a is 0.1 MPa.
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