CN105696917B - A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glass - Google Patents
A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105696917B CN105696917B CN201610156453.2A CN201610156453A CN105696917B CN 105696917 B CN105696917 B CN 105696917B CN 201610156453 A CN201610156453 A CN 201610156453A CN 105696917 B CN105696917 B CN 105696917B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hollow glass
- heat insulating
- glass heat
- item
- hollow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
- E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7608—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels
- E04B1/7612—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
- E04B2/92—Sandwich-type panels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
- E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
- E06B3/66323—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit comprising an interruption of the heat flow in a direction perpendicular to the unit
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
- E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
- E06B3/66361—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit with special structural provisions for holding drying agents, e.g. packed in special containers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
- E06B3/667—Connectors therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
- E06B3/6707—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased acoustical insulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glasses, mainly for the manufacture of building heat preservation hollow glass door and window, curtain wall.Hollow glass heat insulating item includes plastic layer, transition zone, metal layer, metal layer, which is the upper end of strip, has the U-shaped item of upper bending section, buffering area is outwardly projecting circular arc A and the coupling parts circular arc B being recessed inwardly either outwardly projecting circular arc C part, metal layer carries out solvent oil removal treatment or plasma surface oil removal treatment before coating transition zone, transition zone is coated in the surfaces externally and internally of metal layer, plastic layer is coated on the surface of the transition zone, transition zone by plastic layer, metal bonding layer together.The space segment of the hollow glass heat insulating item of hollow glass is placed with moisture absorption molecular sieve, and hollow glass heat insulating item, adhesive glue arrange that hollow space fills inert gas along the edge of glass.Hollow glass heat insulating performance, sealing performance significantly improve, and weatherability significantly improves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glasses, mainly for the manufacture of building heat preservation hollow glass door
Window, curtain wall.
Background technology
Hollow glass uses the sealing of aluminum heat insulation edge strip single track and double sealing gluing mode at present, and traditional is heat-insulated
There is waterproof and heat insulation effect difference in the technologies such as item, molecular sieve, one pack system hot melt adhesive bonding, TR sealant.Design a kind of property
Can good hollow glass heat insulating item, reduce the heat transfer of glass, improve heat-proof quality, be building doors and windows, curtain-wall energy-saving it is important
Measure.
Patent application《Profiled spacer and insulating glass unit with this profiled spacer》, number of patent application is：
CN201180052362.X provides a kind of improved profiled spacer, wherein in the case that intensity and/or bending stiffness it is good and
Folding line Formation and characteristics are good in bending process particularly improves thermal insulation.
Patent《Profiled spacer with reinforcing layer》, Patent No.：CN201180007292.6, profiled spacer realize warm
Side condition has and prevents diffusion, and also allows Quick bending process.
Patent《A kind of hollow glass》, Patent No.：CN 2014205053068 is provided in a kind of novel U-type strip
Empty glass.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glasses, improve the heat-insulated of hollow glass, sound insulation effect
Fruit.
The present invention adopts the technical scheme that solve above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item includes plastic layer, transition zone, metal layer, it is characterized in that：Metal layer is strip
There is the U-shaped item of upper bending section, the bottom surface in U-shaped section and two sides to be planes and be mutually perpendicular to for upper end, U-shaped bottom two
Respectively there is a bending deformation buffering area in side, buffering area be outwardly projecting circular arc A and the coupling parts circular arc B being recessed inwardly or
Person is outwardly projecting circular arc C part；Metal layer carries out solvent oil removal treatment before coating transition zone or plasma surface removes
Oil processing；Transition zone is coated in the surfaces externally and internally of metal layer, and plastic layer is coated on the surface of the transition zone, is located at transition zone
The outer surface of both sides vertical plane there is no plastic layer, the upper plane of plastic layer to connect, enclosed substantially with both sides vertical plane upper end
Rectangular shape, transition zone by plastic layer, metal bonding layer together；Length direction extends along rectangular vertical direction, rectangle
Space segment for storing moisture absorption molecular sieve, upper plane is equipped with multiple moisture absorption apertures along its length；
Plasma surface oil removal treatment makes that layer on surface of metal is crude, surface tension obviously increases, and increases adhesive force, is bonded
Intensity, shear strength significantly improve；
Preferably, the material of plastic layer is ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer or polypropylene or polyethylene or polyamide or poly- ammonia
Ester, thickness 0.5-1mm.
Preferably, transition zone is the adhesive of low molecular weight low melting point polypropylene or polyethylene, thickness 0.01-0.1mm.
Preferably, metal layer is that full wafer strip coiled material rolls, and material is stainless steel or galvanized steel plain sheet or aluminium alloy, thickness
Degree is 0.1-0.3mm.
Preferably, it more than one row of moisture absorption aperture uniformly arranges.
Preferably, the manufacturing method of the hollow glass heat insulating item, includes the following steps：
The coiled metal layer raw material of full wafer strip is unreeled into conveying on unwinding equipment；
By metal layer raw material, solvent oil removal treatment or plasma surface oil removal treatment；
It is the U-shaped item by above-mentioned metal layer raw material roll forming using rolling forming device；
Transition zone is coated using the first plastic extruder, the first plastic mould and the first cooling device, the U-shaped item passes through
First plastic mould, the first plastic extruder squeeze out transition zone raw material, are coated in the surfaces externally and internally of U-shaped item after molding, cooling
Sizing forms transition zone；
Using the second plastic extruder, the second plastic mould and the second cooling device coating plastic layer, it is coated with transition zone
U-shaped item pass through the second plastic mould, the second plastic extruder extrusion plastic layer raw material is coated on the surface of transition zone, cold
But it shapes, forms plastic layer；
At the upper plane of plastic layer, a row or more is gone out using the idler wheel roll forming with draw point and uniformly arranges moisture absorption aperture；
The molding hollow glass heat insulating item of severing.
Above-mentioned steps can individually carry out molding hollow glass heat insulating item, preferred hollow glass heat insulating manufacturing process be by
Above-mentioned technical process combination is implemented on a production line according to above-mentioned steps.
Preferably, the two layers of hollow glass manufactured according to the hollow glass heat insulating item, adhesive glue, glass A, glass B,
Moisture absorption molecular sieve, hollow glass heat insulating item form hollow glass heat insulating bar frame, hollow glass according to the size that glass surrounding matches
Two side external surfaces of glass heat insulating strip frame, baseplane surface are coated with adhesive glue, and glass A, glass B are located at and are coated in adhesive glue
The left and right sides of empty glass heat-proof item；The space segment of hollow glass heat insulating item is placed with moisture absorption molecular sieve, hollow glass heat insulating item,
Adhesive glue is along the edge arrangement of glass, the hollow space that glass A, glass B, hollow glass heat insulating item and adhesive glue enclose
Closed, hollow space fills inert gas.
Preferably, the multiple glazing manufactured according to the hollow glass heat insulating item, including adhesive glue, layer glass
Glass, moisture absorption molecular sieve, hollow glass heat insulating item forms hollow glass heat insulating bar frame according to the size that glass surrounding matches, hollow
Two side external surfaces of glass heat-proof bar frame, baseplane surface are coated with adhesive glue, and glass is located at the hollow glass for being coated with adhesive glue
The left and right sides of glass heat insulating strip frame；The space segment of hollow glass heat insulating item is placed with moisture absorption molecular sieve, and hollow glass heat insulating item glues
Gum deposit arranges that the hollow space that glass, hollow glass heat insulating bar frame and adhesive glue enclose is closed along the edge of glass, in
Sky is partially filled with inert gas；The number of plies of multiple glazing is N, N >=3, the number of hollow space and hollow glass heat insulating bar frame
Amount is N-1, and hollow glass heat insulating bar frame separates every layer of glass.
Preferably, inert gas is argon or krypton or xenon.
Preferably, adhesive glue is that response type butyl is sealing adhesive glue or high-melting-point butyl rubber.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glass of the present invention is used for manufacturing Thermal insulation door and window and curtain wall, simplifies glass
Processing technology, improve effect, reduce the overall cost of hollow glass.
A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glass compared to the prior art compared with, superior technique effect can be reached,
Heat-proof quality, sealing performance significantly improve, and weatherability significantly improves, and should not especially condense, improve in severe cold area glass
The service life of hollow glass, the service life is up to 30-50.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic cross-section of structure type of hollow glass heat insulating item of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section of another structure type of hollow glass heat insulating item of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic cross-section of structure type of two layers of hollow glass of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-section of another structure type of two layers of hollow glass of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of schematic cross-section of three-decker form of multiple glazing of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic cross-section of another three-decker form of multiple glazing of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Specific implementation mode one：As shown in Figure 1, 2, it is that the section of two kinds of typical forms of hollow glass heat insulating item shows
It is intended to.Feature is that plastic layer 201,202 is not fully wrapped around inside by metal layer 101,102, and the both sides for being located at transition zone are hung down
The outer surface faced directly does not have plastic layer.
Hollow glass heat insulating item includes plastic layer 201,202, transition zone 31,32, metal layer 101,102, it is characterized in that：Gold
Belonging to layer 101,102, to be the upper end of strip have the U-shaped item of upper bending section 11,16, the bottom surface 15,19 in U-shaped section and two
Side 12,17 is plane and is mutually perpendicular to that U-shaped two bottom sides respectively have a bending deformation buffering area, and buffering area is outside
Circular arc A13 outstanding and the coupling parts circular arc B14 either 18 part of outwardly projecting circular arc C being recessed inwardly, for eliminating
Expand with heat and contract with cold the contraction of generation, stress；Metal layer 101,102 increases the strength and stiffness of hollow glass heat insulating item；Metal layer
101,102 solvent oil removal treatment or plasma surface oil removal treatment are carried out before coating transition zone 31,32；Transition zone 31,32
Surfaces externally and internally coated in metal layer 101,102, plastic layer 201,202 are coated on the surface of the transition zone 31,32, are located at
The outer surface of the both sides vertical plane of transition zone 31,32 does not have plastic layer 201,202, the upper plane 21 of plastic layer 201,202,25 and
Both sides vertical plane upper end connects, and encloses substantially rectangular shape, transition zone 31,32 and plastic layer 201,202 and metal layer
101,102 caking property is good, and transition zone 31,32 bonds together plastic layer 201,202, metal layer 101,102；Length side
Extend to along rectangular vertical direction, the space segment 51,52 of rectangle is for storing moisture absorption molecular sieve 7, and upper plane 21,25 is along length
It spends direction and is equipped with multiple moisture absorption apertures 24.
Metal layer 101,102 has greasy dirt, dust, dirt etc. in surface in storing process is transported in rolling, leads to metal layer
101,102 and the adhesion strength on surface of transition zone 31,32 will substantially reduce, at solvent oil removal treatment or plasma surface oil removing
Reason effectively solves the above problems, and plasma surface oil removal treatment makes that metal layer 101,102 surfaces be crude, surface tension obviously increases
Add, increase adhesive force, adhesive strength, shear strength significantly improve, speed of production faster, production efficiency higher.
There is no the effect of plastic layer 201,202 to be positioned at the outer surface of the both sides vertical plane of transition zone 31,32, here shape
At transit buffer, transition zone 31,32 is coated in the surfaces externally and internally of metal layer 101,102, convenient for two layers of hollow glass of manufacture or
When three layers of hollow glass, adhesive glue 66,67 will fill up herein, metal layer 101,102 and adhesive glue 66,67 bond more securely.
The material of plastic layer 201,202 is ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) or polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE)
Or polyamide (PA) or polyurethane (PU), thickness 0.5-1mm.Preferred ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is that barrier property is fabulous
Material, waterproof, gas, moisture-proof, weatherability and excellent in stability are particularly suitable for packaging material, such as casing, milk, conveniently
The barrier materials such as face.The centre of heat insulating strip is put into the molecular sieve moisture absorption.Contain calcium chloride in sieve component, calcium chloride encounters water
After will produce corrosive substance, corrode the metal of compound parting bead, this is also why metal layer 101,102 to be wrapped in the inside former
Cause, plastic layer 201,202 will not encounter this problem, improve the service life of hollow glass heat insulating item.
Transition zone 31,32 is the adhesive of low molecular weight low melting point polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE), thickness 0.01-
0.1mm。
Metal layer 101,102 is that full wafer strip coiled material rolls.Weather difference variation throughout the year is held between above-mentioned layer
Easily shrinking inconsistent, generation layering obscission, it may not be necessary to adhesive is exempted and coats transition zone 31,32, plastic layer 201,
202 are bonded directly together with metal layer 101,102, effectively reduce cost, and simplify technical process, bond effect higher, nothing
Pollution, is good for the environment.
Metal layer 101,102 is stainless steel or galvanized steel plain sheet or aluminium alloy, thickness 0.1-0.3mm.Due to there is plastic layer
201,202 package, galvanized steel plain sheet also can be used as the use of metal layer 101,102, reduce cost.The thermal conductivity of stainless steel is less than
Galvanized steel plain sheet, aluminium alloy have " warm side " effect.
It more than the upper plane 21 of plastic layer 201,202,25 moisture absorption aperture, 24 1 row uniformly arranges, diameter 0.2-0.6mm.
Specific implementation mode two：As shown in figures 1 to 6, the manufacturing method of the hollow glass heat insulating item, includes the following steps：
The coiled metal layer raw material of full wafer strip is unreeled into conveying on unwinding equipment；
The metal layer raw material of conveying, solvent oil removal treatment or plasma surface oil removal treatment will be unreeled；
It is the U-shaped item by above-mentioned metal layer raw material roll forming using rolling forming device；
Transition zone 31,32, the U-shaped are coated using the first plastic extruder, the first plastic mould and the first cooling device
Item passes through the first plastic mould, the first plastic extruder to squeeze out transition zone raw material, is coated in the interior appearance of U-shaped item after molding
Face, cooling and shaping form transition zone 31,32；
Using the second plastic extruder, the second plastic mould and the second cooling device coating plastic layer 201,202, it is coated with
The U-shaped item of transition zone 31,32 passes through the second plastic mould, the second plastic extruder extrusion plastic layer raw material to be coated on transition zone
31, on 32 surface, cooling and shaping forms plastic layer 201,202；
At the upper plane 21,25 of plastic layer 201,202, a row or more is gone out using the idler wheel roll forming with draw point and is arranged
Row moisture absorption aperture 24；
The molding hollow glass heat insulating item of severing.
Above-mentioned steps can individually carry out molding hollow glass heat insulating item.In order to improve production efficiency, cost is reduced, is saved
Raw material, improve yield rate, and preferred hollow glass heat insulating manufacturing process is to combine above-mentioned technical process to produce at one
On line, implement according to above-mentioned steps.
Specific implementation mode three：As shown in Figure 3,4, be two layers of hollow glass two kinds of typical forms section signal
Figure.
Two layers of hollow glass of the hollow glass heat insulating item manufacture according to specific implementation mode one, it is characterised in that：
Adhesive glue 66,67, glass A61, glass B62, moisture absorption molecular sieve 7, hollow glass heat insulating item match big according to glass surrounding
Small composition hollow glass heat insulating bar frame, two side external surfaces of hollow glass heat insulating bar frame, baseplane surface be coated with adhesive glue 66,
67, glass A61, glass B62 are located at the left and right sides for the hollow glass heat insulating item for being coated with adhesive glue 66,67；Hollow glass
The space segment 51,52 of heat insulating strip is placed with moisture absorption molecular sieve 7, hollow glass heat insulating item, adhesive glue 66,67 along glass surrounding
Edge arranges that the hollow space 68 that glass A61, glass B62, hollow glass heat insulating item and adhesive glue 66,67 enclose is closed, hollow
Fill inert gas in part 68.Moisture absorption molecular sieve 7, by the moisture absorption in hollow space 68, prevents from tying through moisture absorption aperture 24
Frost, moisture condensation, improve thermal insulation, the soundproof effect of door and window.
Inert gas is argon or krypton or xenon.
Adhesive glue 66,67 is that response type butyl is sealing adhesive glue or high-melting-point butyl rubber.
Other compositions and connection relation are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific implementation mode four：As shown in Figure 5,6, it is the section of two kinds of multiple glazing typical three-decker forms
Schematic diagram.
Three layers of hollow glass of the hollow glass heat insulating item manufacture according to specific implementation mode one, it is characterised in that：
Including adhesive glue 66,67, one layers of glass 63, two layers of glass 64, triplex glass 65, moisture absorption molecular sieve 7, hollow glass heat insulating item is pressed
Hollow glass heat insulating bar frame is formed according to the size that glass surrounding matches, two side external surfaces of hollow glass heat insulating bar frame, bottom are flat
Face surface is coated with adhesive glue 66,67, one layer of glass, 63, two layers of glass 64 be located at be coated with adhesive glue 66,67 the left side it is hollow
The left and right sides of glass heat-proof bar frame, triplex glass 65 are located at the right side of the right hollow glass heat insulating bar frame；Hollow glass heat insulating
The space segment 51,52 of item is placed with moisture absorption molecular sieve 7, hollow glass heat insulating item, adhesive glue 66,67 along glass edge
Arrangement, one layer of glass, 63, two layers of glass 64, triplex glass 65, hollow glass heat insulating bar frame and adhesive glue 66,67 enclose hollow
Part 68 is closed, and hollow space 68 fills inert gas；Above-mentioned two layers of hollow glass and three layers of hollow glass structure can be applied
The number of plies to multiple glazing, multiple glazing is N, N >=3, the quantity of hollow space 68 and hollow glass heat insulating bar frame
For N-1, hollow glass heat insulating bar frame separates every layer of glass.Moisture absorption molecular sieve 7 will be in hollow space 68 through moisture absorption aperture 24
Moisture absorption, prevent frosting, moisture condensation, experiment show that the sound insulation of multiple glazing, heat insulation are better than two layers of hollow glass.
Inert gas is argon or krypton or xenon.
Adhesive glue 66,67 is that response type butyl is sealing adhesive glue or high-melting-point butyl rubber.
Other compositions and connection relation are identical as specific implementation mode one or three.
Above-described embodiment description can be understood and applied the invention for the ease of the those of ordinary skill of technical field.It is familiar with
Those skilled in the art easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and General Principle application described herein
To in other embodiment without passing through creative work.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementation mode, every abilities
The technical solution of equivalents either equivalence replacement, all falls within this hair obtained from the enlightenment of the field technique technique according to the invention
Within bright rights protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of hollow glass heat insulating item, including plastic layer (201,202), transition zone (31,32), metal layer (101,102),
It is characterized in：Metal layer (101,102), which is the upper end of strip, has the U-shaped item of upper bending section (11,16), the bottom in U-shaped section
Face (15,19) and two sides (12,17) are planes and are mutually perpendicular to that U-shaped two bottom sides respectively have a bending deformation slow
Area is rushed, buffering area is that outwardly projecting circular arc A (13) and (14) coupling parts circular arc B being recessed inwardly are either outwardly projecting
Circular arc C (18) part；Metal layer (101,102) carries out solvent oil removal treatment or plasma before coating transition zone (31,32)
Surface degreasing processing；Transition zone (31,32) is coated in the surfaces externally and internally of metal layer (101,102), plastic layer (201,202) cladding
On the surface of the transition zone (31,32), the outer surface for being located at the both sides vertical plane of transition zone (31,32) does not have plastic layer
The upper plane (21,25) of (201,202), plastic layer (201,202) is connected with both sides vertical plane upper end, is enclosed substantially rectangular
Shape, transition zone (31,32) bond together plastic layer (201,202), metal layer (101,102)；Length direction is along square
Shape vertical direction extends, and the space segment (51,52) of rectangle is for storing moisture absorption molecular sieve (7), and upper plane (21,25) is along length
Direction is equipped with multiple moisture absorption apertures (24)；
Transition zone (31,32) is the adhesive of low molecular weight low melting point polypropylene or polyethylene, thickness 0.01-0.1mm.
2. hollow glass heat insulating item according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The material of plastic layer (201,202) is second
Alkene-ethenol copolymer or polypropylene or polyethylene or polyamide or polyurethane, thickness 0.5-1mm.
3. hollow glass heat insulating item according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Metal layer (101,102) is full wafer strip
Coiled material rolls, and material is stainless steel or galvanized steel plain sheet or aluminium alloy, thickness 0.1-0.3mm.
4. hollow glass heat insulating item according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It more than (24) one row of moisture absorption aperture arranges
Row.
5. according to the manufacturing method of any hollow glass heat insulating items of claim 1-4, include the following steps：
The coiled metal layer raw material of full wafer strip is unreeled into conveying on unwinding equipment；
By metal layer raw material, solvent oil removal treatment or plasma surface oil removal treatment；
It is the U-shaped item by above-mentioned metal layer raw material roll forming using rolling forming device；
Using the first plastic extruder, the first plastic mould and the first cooling device coating transition zone (31,32), the U-shaped item
Across the first plastic mould, the first plastic extruder squeezes out transition zone raw material, is coated in the surfaces externally and internally of U-shaped item after molding,
Cooling and shaping forms transition zone (31,32)；
Using the second plastic extruder, the second plastic mould and the second cooling device coating plastic layer (201,202), it was coated with
The U-shaped item for crossing layer (31,32) passes through the second plastic mould, the second plastic extruder extrusion plastic layer raw material to be coated on transition zone
On the surface of (31,32), cooling and shaping forms plastic layer (201,202)；
At the upper plane (21,25) of plastic layer (201,202), a row or more is gone out using the idler wheel roll forming with draw point and is arranged
Row moisture absorption aperture (24)；
The molding hollow glass heat insulating item of severing；
Above-mentioned steps can be carried out individually, be molded hollow glass heat insulating item；Or above-mentioned technical process is combined in a production line
On, implement according to above-mentioned steps.
6. according to two layers of hollow glass of any hollow glass heat insulating item manufactures of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：Packet
Adhesive glue (66,67), glass A (61), glass B (62), moisture absorption molecular sieve (7) are included, hollow glass heat insulating item is according to glass surrounding
The size composition hollow glass heat insulating bar frame to match, two side external surfaces of hollow glass heat insulating bar frame, baseplane surface are coated with
Adhesive glue (66,67), glass A (61), glass B (62) are located at the hollow glass heat insulating item for being coated with adhesive glue (66,67)
The left and right sides；The space segment (51,52) of hollow glass heat insulating item is placed with moisture absorption molecular sieve (7), hollow glass heat insulating item, bonding
Glue (66,67) is along the edge arrangement of glass, glass A (61), glass B (62), hollow glass heat insulating item and adhesive glue
(66,67) hollow space (68) enclosed is closed, and hollow space (68) fills inert gas.
7. according to the multiple glazing of any hollow glass heat insulating item manufactures of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：Packet
Include adhesive glue (66,67), compound glass, moisture absorption molecular sieve (7), the size that hollow glass heat insulating item matches according to glass surrounding
Form hollow glass heat insulating bar frame, two side external surfaces of hollow glass heat insulating bar frame, baseplane surface be coated with adhesive glue (66,
67), glass is located at the left and right sides for the hollow glass heat insulating bar frame for being coated with adhesive glue (66,67)；Hollow glass heat insulating item
Space segment (51,52) be placed with moisture absorption molecular sieve (7), hollow glass heat insulating item, adhesive glue (66,67) are along the surrounding of glass
Edge arranges that the hollow space (68) that glass, hollow glass heat insulating bar frame and adhesive glue (66,67) enclose is closed, hollow space
(68) inert gas is filled；The number of plies of multiple glazing is N, N >=3, hollow space (68) and hollow glass heat insulating bar frame
Quantity is N-1, and hollow glass heat insulating bar frame separates every layer of glass.
8. the hollow glass of the hollow glass heat insulating item manufacture described according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：Inert gas
For argon or krypton or xenon.
9. the hollow glass of the hollow glass heat insulating item manufacture described according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：Adhesive glue
(66,67) it is that response type butyl is sealing adhesive glue or high-melting-point butyl rubber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610156453.2A CN105696917B (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2016-03-17 | A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610156453.2A CN105696917B (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2016-03-17 | A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glass |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105696917A CN105696917A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
| CN105696917B true CN105696917B (en) | 2018-07-31 |
Family
ID=56232033
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610156453.2A Active CN105696917B (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2016-03-17 | A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glass |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105696917B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106088959B (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-09-14 | 大连华工创新科技股份有限公司 | A method of improving glass door and window heat-insulating property |
| CN106121460A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏扬子净化工程有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving sound insulation double glazing cleaning window |
| CN111675497A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-18 | 佛山市志优门窗配件有限公司 | Hollow glass sealing process without fogging at minus seventy DEG C |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2162228B (en) * | 1984-07-25 | 1987-07-15 | Sanden Corp | Double-glazed window for a refrigerator |
| EP0688934A2 (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1995-12-27 | Glass Equipment Development Inc. | Insulating glass unit |
| CN1289387A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2001-03-28 | 卡普拉诺－布鲁恩霍夫模具技术无限责任公司 | Profiled spacer for an heat-insulaton-glass unit |
| CN102791950A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2012-11-21 | 泰诺风玻璃隔热控股股份有限公司 | Spacer profile having a reinforcing layer |
| WO2013120505A1 (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-08-22 | Technoform Glass Insulation Holding Gmbh | Foam spacer profile for a spacer frame for an insulating glass unit and insulating glass unit |
| CN204113034U (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-21 | 大连华工创新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of hollow glass |
| CN105089449A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-25 | 沈平 | Composite warm edge spacing bar and production process thereof |
| CN205713780U (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-11-23 | 大连华工创新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of hollow glass heat insulating bar and double glazing |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012105960A1 (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2014-01-09 | Ensinger Gmbh | Spacers for insulating glass panes |
-
2016
- 2016-03-17 CN CN201610156453.2A patent/CN105696917B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2162228B (en) * | 1984-07-25 | 1987-07-15 | Sanden Corp | Double-glazed window for a refrigerator |
| EP0688934A2 (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1995-12-27 | Glass Equipment Development Inc. | Insulating glass unit |
| CN1289387A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2001-03-28 | 卡普拉诺－布鲁恩霍夫模具技术无限责任公司 | Profiled spacer for an heat-insulaton-glass unit |
| CN102791950A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2012-11-21 | 泰诺风玻璃隔热控股股份有限公司 | Spacer profile having a reinforcing layer |
| WO2013120505A1 (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-08-22 | Technoform Glass Insulation Holding Gmbh | Foam spacer profile for a spacer frame for an insulating glass unit and insulating glass unit |
| CN105089449A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-25 | 沈平 | Composite warm edge spacing bar and production process thereof |
| CN204113034U (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-21 | 大连华工创新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of hollow glass |
| CN205713780U (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-11-23 | 大连华工创新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of hollow glass heat insulating bar and double glazing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105696917A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105672832B (en) | Hollow glass heat insulating bar and double glazing | |
| US10626663B2 (en) | Spacer for insulating glazing units | |
| CN105696917B (en) | A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and hollow glass | |
| US10443300B2 (en) | Insulating glass unit for a refrigeration unit | |
| KR100768503B1 (en) | Insulating glazing unit, method for producing the unit, and profiled strip | |
| US7107729B2 (en) | Ribbed tube continuous flexible spacer assembly | |
| US9752376B2 (en) | Insulating glazing unit | |
| AU2001268206A1 (en) | Ribbed tube continuous flexible spacer assembly | |
| CN105672833B (en) | Hollow glass heat insulating bar and manufacturing equipment | |
| CN205713780U (en) | A kind of hollow glass heat insulating bar and double glazing | |
| CN205713778U (en) | Hollow glass heat insulating bar and double glazing | |
| CN106761238A (en) | Hollow glass heat insulating bar and manufacture method | |
| CN210178204U (en) | Warm limit of compound cavity glass space stop bar and contain its cavity glass | |
| CN205713779U (en) | Hollow glass heat insulating bar and the equipment of manufacture | |
| CN206503502U (en) | A kind of application bridge cut-off warms up the double glazing of side spacer bar | |
| CN107023246B (en) | A kind of hollow glass heat insulating item and manufacturing method | |
| CN205153887U (en) | Multi -layer hollow glass | |
| CN206337994U (en) | Hollow glass heat insulating bar | |
| CN208202998U (en) | Fiberglass reinforced net adhesive tape | |
| JP2019509967A (en) | Insulating glazing, especially for temperature controlled equipment | |
| KR101021871B1 (en) | Manufacturing process of triple multi-layer glass using space bar made up of same material | |
| CN101205122A (en) | Double hot-melt adhesive warm edge insulating glass | |
| CN211776914U (en) | Energy-saving composite warm edge spacing strip | |
| CN216733371U (en) | Composite film with good heat insulation effect | |
| KR101022005B1 (en) | Manufacturing process of triple multi-layer glass using space bar made up of different material |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |