CN105638350A - Loquat tree organic cultivation method - Google Patents
Loquat tree organic cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638350A CN105638350A CN201410623325.5A CN201410623325A CN105638350A CN 105638350 A CN105638350 A CN 105638350A CN 201410623325 A CN201410623325 A CN 201410623325A CN 105638350 A CN105638350 A CN 105638350A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a loquat tree organic cultivation method. The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, forestry, husbandry, hunting, trapping and fishing, and especially relates to a loquat tree cultivation method. The invention provides a large-volume, high-yield and high-disease-resistance loquat tree organic cultivation method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) girdling, branch stretching and injured branch bending are carried out, such that flower bud differentiation is promoted and controlled; wherein a main trunk is girdled by 2-3 strips, and the wound is smeared with a 1:50 solution of 50% thiophanate wettable powder for preventing germ infection; (2) reasonable close planting is carried out, wherein a red soil, loess or loam land with deep soil, good drainage and rich humus is selected for planting; (3) a base fertilizer is heavily applied, wherein 0.5-0.75kg of lime, and 1-1.5kg of a calcium, magnesium and phosphorous fertilizer are filled in each pit; (4) flower bud differentiation is promoted and controlled through fertilizer and water management; through June to August, no nitrogen fertilizer is applied, and phosphorous and potassium fertilizes are approximately added; and (5) trimming and pruning are carried out, wherein after field planting of the loquat trees, topping is carried out on a main trunk at a place 50cm from the ground for determining the height of trunk.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural; Forestry; Animal husbandry; Hunt; Trapping; Halieutics field, particularly relates to the implantation methods of loquat.
Background technology
Folium Eriobotryae, another name: reed Fructus Citri tangerinae, gold ball, Lu Zhi. Rosaceae, Eriobotrya, Folium Eriobotryae originates in southeast China, because of leaf-shaped like Chinese lute musical instrument name, its flower can be used as medicine. The height of tree 3��5 meters, leaf is big and grow, thickness and have fine hair, in oblong, shape is Chinese lute such as. Another name is again reed Fructus Citri tangerinae, Lu Zhi, gold ball, scorching fruit, Jiao Zi. Folium Eriobotryae is different from major part fruit tree, and in autumn or bloom early winter, fruit is ripe in spring to early summer, all more Zao than other fruit, is therefore claimed to be " solely for seasonal pathogens,exopathogens person in fruit tree ". The flower of Folium Eriobotryae is white or faint yellow, has five pieces of petals, and diameter about 2 centimetres is a branch of with five to ten one-tenth, it is possible to as nectar source crop. Originate in subtropical zone, it is desirable to higher temperature, average temperature of the whole year more than 12 DEG C can normal growth, but carry out loquat average temperature of the whole year that cultivation domestication crosses in loquat base, North Jiangsu Area at-10��30 DEG C, the area without special severe cold weather can be planted. Soil is required tight by Folium Eriobotryae, and adaptability is relatively wide, and general soil is energy growth result all, but with containing the more chesson growth of sand or chad better. The Folium Eriobotryae florescence, Winter-Spring low temperature was yielded positive results affecting it at the beginning of last month of spring in winter. During temperature-6 DEG C to blooming ,-3 DEG C time young fruit is produced freeze injury; More than 10 DEG C pollen start to germinate, and about 20 DEG C pollen germinations are most suitable. But when temperature or ground temperature reach more than 30 DEG C, branch and leaf and root growth are slow and bad, the fruit high temperature that 7��15 days meet 35 DEG C before harvesting, it is easy to produce to burn day evil, even loses edibility.
Existing loquat implantation methods there is a problem, the volume of Fractus Eriobotryae is little, yields poorly, it is easy to ill.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is aiming at the problems referred to above, it is provided that organic implantation methods of a kind of loquat that a kind of volume is big, yield is high and resistance against diseases is strong.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
Organic implantation methods of a kind of loquat, comprises the following steps.
(1) girdling, the short control bud differentiation of branch, light injured branch is drawn.Late June, girdling 2��3 road on trunk, use 50 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate wettable powder to smear the pre-preventing germs infection of wound; In 6��July, being pulled into by the master branch of all branch footpath more than lcm, long more than the 70cm of branch and become 50��55 jiaos with trunk, traction branch top develops to horizontal direction, makes branch tilt growth, slightly sagging; Other branch take turn round branch, rub branch allow its change shoot growth direction, in order to flower_bud formation.
(2) rational close planting: selecting soil layer deep, draining is good, containing red, yellow, loam plantation that humus is many, it is desirable to seeding row spacing: 4 �� 5 meters, mu plants 30--40 strain. Deep-cut plant hole: wide about 1 meter, deep 0.8 meter, or push aside after bottom explosion.
(3) heavy dressing base manure: 0.5--0.75 kilogram of Calx, calcium, magnesium, 1--1.5 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer are inserted in every cave. Compound fertilizer 1 kilogram, become thoroughly decomposed 20--30 kilogram of muck, presses thick upper essence point three layers and inserts the mound preferably training out 35--40 centimetre of ground.
(4) 6��August of Elymus excelsus bud differentiation, not nitrogen fertilizer application, suitable increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer; Draw for 6��August after branch before flower_bud formation, if still uncontrollable prosperous branch growth, could at the mixed liquor 2��3 times of 600��800 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphates of foliage-spray and boric acid. 6��JIUYUE, to eugonic loquat, the row's of trench digging rainwater, reduce soil moisture, suitable truncated table soil part root mass, reduce branch moisture.
(5) pruning: after Folium Eriobotryae field planting, the trunk of liftoff about 50 centimetres is cut top fixed dry, when germinateing spring, the lateral bud of the strong bud grown up and 4--5 the different azimuth of selecting and remain 1, take out to send out and cultivate into central backbone and a few scaffold limb, adopt and draw, support, way, the first transaction of a day's business major branch angle such as hang, make its tiltedly growth, form ground floor branch. According to said method, cultivating the second layer and third layer branch, the head that central backbone more than three layers branch fallen is happy, and height of tree crown controls at about 3 meters. Loquat Garden after result, can carry out the pruning before summer pruning or rudiment in the beginning of spring in the 5--6 month after fruit picking. Mainly delete overstocked branch, deadwood, sick branch and the branch of excessive growth, in order to ventilation and penetrating light, make nutrient concentrate.
As a kind of preferred version, science is topdressed: foster the phase for treelet in 3 years after Folium Eriobotryae Seedling field planting, based on expansion tree crown of nourishing and growing. Fertilising is accomplished " light fertile duty is executed, front short after control ". Annual in the front and back taking out a spring tip, summer shoot and autumn growth, respectively execute a tip-promoting fertilizer and the strong tip is fertile. People's poultry liquid manure 5--10 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed is executed in every strain every time, and 50--100 gram of carbamide of addition is mixed and executed. Becoming annual bearer fertilising: general point of 3--4 fertilising, between the 1--2 month, Xie Huahou is to young fruit period, based on available potassium, phosphorus; In the 5--6 month, heavy dressing fruit picking is fertile, and every strain is beaten nest deep placement and become thoroughly decomposed people's poultry liquid manure 30--40 kilogram, adds 1--2 kilogram of pond cake fertilizer and calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram is mixed executes, to recover tree vigo(u)r, and short summer shoot pumping. Execute in good time and spend front fertile and fruit fertilizer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention.
The implantation methods of a kind of loquat of the present invention, simple, save cost. And the resistance against diseases of loquat can be strengthened, increase Fractus Eriobotryae volume, increase the yield of loquat, make the plantation of loquat be easier to make for spread.
Detailed description of the invention
Organic implantation methods of a kind of loquat of the present invention, comprises the following steps.
(1) girdling, the short control bud differentiation of branch, light injured branch is drawn. Late June, girdling 2��3 road on trunk, use 50 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate wettable powder to smear the pre-preventing germs infection of wound;In 6��July, being pulled into by the master branch of all branch footpath more than lcm, long more than the 70cm of branch and become 50��55 jiaos with trunk, traction branch top develops to horizontal direction, makes branch tilt growth, slightly sagging; Other branch take turn round branch, rub branch allow its change shoot growth direction, in order to flower_bud formation.
(2) rational close planting: selecting soil layer deep, draining is good, containing red, yellow, loam plantation that humus is many, it is desirable to seeding row spacing: 4 �� 5 meters, mu plants 30--40 strain. Deep-cut plant hole: wide about 1 meter, deep 0.8 meter, or push aside after bottom explosion.
(3) heavy dressing base manure: 0.5--0.75 kilogram of Calx, calcium, magnesium, 1--1.5 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer are inserted in every cave. Compound fertilizer 1 kilogram, become thoroughly decomposed 20--30 kilogram of muck, presses thick upper essence point three layers and inserts the mound preferably training out 35--40 centimetre of ground.
(4) 6��August of Elymus excelsus bud differentiation, not nitrogen fertilizer application, suitable increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer; Draw for 6��August after branch before flower_bud formation, if still uncontrollable prosperous branch growth, could at the mixed liquor 2��3 times of 600��800 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphates of foliage-spray and boric acid. 6��JIUYUE, to eugonic loquat, the row's of trench digging rainwater, reduce soil moisture, suitable truncated table soil part root mass, reduce branch moisture.
(5) pruning: after Folium Eriobotryae field planting, the trunk of liftoff about 50 centimetres is cut top fixed dry, when germinateing spring, the lateral bud of the strong bud grown up and 4--5 the different azimuth of selecting and remain 1, take out to send out and cultivate into central backbone and a few scaffold limb, adopt and draw, support, way, the first transaction of a day's business major branch angle such as hang, make its tiltedly growth, form ground floor branch. According to said method, cultivating the second layer and third layer branch, the head that central backbone more than three layers branch fallen is happy, and height of tree crown controls at about 3 meters. Loquat Garden after result, can carry out the pruning before summer pruning or rudiment in the beginning of spring in the 5--6 month after fruit picking. Mainly delete overstocked branch, deadwood, sick branch and the branch of excessive growth, in order to ventilation and penetrating light, make nutrient concentrate.
As a kind of preferred version, science is topdressed: foster the phase for treelet in 3 years after Folium Eriobotryae Seedling field planting, based on expansion tree crown of nourishing and growing. Fertilising is accomplished " light fertile duty is executed, front short after control ". Annual in the front and back taking out a spring tip, summer shoot and autumn growth, respectively execute a tip-promoting fertilizer and the strong tip is fertile. People's poultry liquid manure 5--10 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed is executed in every strain every time, and 50--100 gram of carbamide of addition is mixed and executed. Becoming annual bearer fertilising: general point of 3--4 fertilising, between the 1--2 month, Xie Huahou is to young fruit period, based on available potassium, phosphorus; In the 5--6 month, heavy dressing fruit picking is fertile, and every strain is beaten nest deep placement and become thoroughly decomposed people's poultry liquid manure 30--40 kilogram, adds 1--2 kilogram of pond cake fertilizer and calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram is mixed executes, to recover tree vigo(u)r, and short summer shoot pumping. Execute in good time and spend front fertile and fruit fertilizer.
Claims (2)
1. an organic implantation methods for loquat, comprises the following steps;
(1) girdling, the short control bud differentiation of branch, light injured branch is drawn; Late June, girdling 2��3 road on trunk, use 50 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate wettable powder to smear the pre-preventing germs infection of wound; In 6��July, being pulled into by the master branch of all branch footpath more than lcm, long more than the 70cm of branch and become 50��55 jiaos with trunk, traction branch top develops to horizontal direction, makes branch tilt growth, slightly sagging; Other branch take turn round branch, rub branch allow its change shoot growth direction, in order to flower_bud formation;
(2) rational close planting: selecting soil layer deep, draining is good, containing red, yellow, loam plantation that humus is many, it is desirable to seeding row spacing: 4 �� 5 meters, mu plants 30--40 strain;Deep-cut plant hole: wide about 1 meter, deep 0.8 meter, or push aside after bottom explosion;
(3) heavy dressing base manure: 0.5--0.75 kilogram of Calx, calcium, magnesium, 1--1.5 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer are inserted in every cave; Compound fertilizer 1 kilogram, become thoroughly decomposed 20--30 kilogram of muck, presses thick upper essence point three layers and inserts the mound preferably training out 35--40 centimetre of ground;
(4) 6��August of Elymus excelsus bud differentiation, not nitrogen fertilizer application, suitable increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer; Draw for 6��August after branch before flower_bud formation, if still uncontrollable prosperous branch growth, could at the mixed liquor 2��3 times of 600��800 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphates of foliage-spray and boric acid; 6��JIUYUE, to eugonic loquat, the row's of trench digging rainwater, reduce soil moisture, suitable truncated table soil part root mass, reduce branch moisture;
(5) pruning: after Folium Eriobotryae field planting, the trunk of liftoff about 50 centimetres is cut top fixed dry, when germinateing spring, the lateral bud of the strong bud grown up and 4--5 the different azimuth of selecting and remain 1, take out to send out and cultivate into central backbone and a few scaffold limb, adopt and draw, support, way, the first transaction of a day's business major branch angle such as hang, make its tiltedly growth, form ground floor branch; According to said method, cultivating the second layer and third layer branch, the head that central backbone more than three layers branch fallen is happy, and height of tree crown controls at about 3 meters; Loquat Garden after result, can carry out the pruning before summer pruning or rudiment in the beginning of spring in the 5--6 month after fruit picking; Mainly delete overstocked branch, deadwood, sick branch and the branch of excessive growth, in order to ventilation and penetrating light, make nutrient concentrate.
2. organic implantation methods of a kind of loquat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: science is topdressed: foster the phase for treelet in 3 years after Folium Eriobotryae Seedling field planting, based on expansion tree crown of nourishing and growing; Fertilising is accomplished " light fertile duty is executed, front short after control "; Annual in the front and back taking out a spring tip, summer shoot and autumn growth, respectively execute a tip-promoting fertilizer and the strong tip is fertile; People's poultry liquid manure 5--10 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed is executed in every strain every time, and 50--100 gram of carbamide of addition is mixed and executed; Becoming annual bearer fertilising: general point of 3--4 fertilising, between the 1--2 month, Xie Huahou is to young fruit period, based on available potassium, phosphorus; In the 5--6 month, heavy dressing fruit picking is fertile, and every strain is beaten nest deep placement and become thoroughly decomposed people's poultry liquid manure 30--40 kilogram, adds 1--2 kilogram of pond cake fertilizer and calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram is mixed executes, to recover tree vigo(u)r, and short summer shoot pumping; Execute in good time and spend front fertile and fruit fertilizer.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106034948A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-26 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Cultivation method for fruiting by using loquat strong branches |
| CN106922465A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-07-07 | 金寨胜达农业科技有限公司 | A kind of gradual loquat tree crown remodeling method |
| CN106937576A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-07-11 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | A kind of cultural method for shortening loquat juvenile phase |
| CN106954504A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-07-18 | 金寨胜达农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to prevent loquat, the method for cherry Climatic regionalization |
| CN108551951A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-09-21 | 福建农林大学 | A method of promoting the cultivation loquat tree body of root growth |
| CN108811883A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-16 | 凉山彝族自治州亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of heavy pruning control hat method of maturation loquat fruit tree |
| CN109302930A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-02-05 | 贵州省兴仁县佳文生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat |
| CN111955267A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-11-20 | 绿色田园(衡阳)农业发展有限公司 | Planting method of white sand loquats |
| CN115997676A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-04-25 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Breeding method of white loquat and method for shortening childhood |
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2014
- 2014-11-09 CN CN201410623325.5A patent/CN105638350A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106034948A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-26 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Cultivation method for fruiting by using loquat strong branches |
| CN106034948B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-05-31 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Utilize the cultural method of the long vigorous branches result of loquat |
| CN106937576A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-07-11 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | A kind of cultural method for shortening loquat juvenile phase |
| CN106937576B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2020-05-19 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for shortening juvenile period of loquat |
| CN106922465A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-07-07 | 金寨胜达农业科技有限公司 | A kind of gradual loquat tree crown remodeling method |
| CN106954504A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-07-18 | 金寨胜达农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to prevent loquat, the method for cherry Climatic regionalization |
| CN108551951A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-09-21 | 福建农林大学 | A method of promoting the cultivation loquat tree body of root growth |
| CN108811883A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-16 | 凉山彝族自治州亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of heavy pruning control hat method of maturation loquat fruit tree |
| CN109302930A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-02-05 | 贵州省兴仁县佳文生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat |
| CN111955267A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-11-20 | 绿色田园(衡阳)农业发展有限公司 | Planting method of white sand loquats |
| CN115997676A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-04-25 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Breeding method of white loquat and method for shortening childhood |
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Application publication date: 20160608 |