CN105612419A - Apparatus and associated methods for analyte detection - Google Patents
Apparatus and associated methods for analyte detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN105612419A CN105612419A CN201480055103.6A CN201480055103A CN105612419A CN 105612419 A CN105612419 A CN 105612419A CN 201480055103 A CN201480055103 A CN 201480055103A CN 105612419 A CN105612419 A CN 105612419A
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- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 polyacrylic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002096 lithium permanganate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910012820 LiCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/4073—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte
- G01N27/4074—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte for detection of gases other than oxygen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/333—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/4065—Circuit arrangements specially adapted therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/308—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells at least partially made of carbon
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0062—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method or the display, e.g. intermittent measurement or digital display
- G01N33/0063—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method or the display, e.g. intermittent measurement or digital display using a threshold to release an alarm or displaying means
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus comprising first and second electrodes (201, 202) separated by an electrolyte (203), the first and second electrodes (201, 202) configured to exhibit a potential difference therebetween on interaction of the first electrode (201) with an analyte, wherein the first electrode (201) is configured such that its electrical conductance and electrochemical potential are dependent upon the amount of analyte present, the electrical conductance and electrochemical potential of the first electrode (201) affecting the potential difference between the first and second electrodes (201, 202), and wherein the apparatus comprises respective first and second terminals (204, 205) configured for electrical connection to a readout circuit to enable determination of the presence and/or amount of analyte based on the potential difference.
Description
Technical field
The field of the method and apparatus that the disclosure relates to sensor, be associated, and relate to especially onePlant device, it comprises the first and second electrodes, comes really for the measurement of the potential difference based between electrodeExistence and/or the amount of the analyte of the environment that fixed this device is arranged in. Some disclosed exemplary aspect/Embodiment relates to portable electric appts, so-called hand-portable that particularly in use can be hand-heldFormula electronic equipment (although they in use can be placed in support). Such handheld portableElectronic equipment comprises so-called personal digital assistant (PDA) and dull and stereotyped PC.
Passable according to portable electric appts/device of one or more disclosed exemplary aspect/embodimentProvide one or more audio frequency/text/video communication functions (for example, telecommunication, video communication and/Or text transmission, Short Message Service (SMS)/multimedia information service (MMS)/Email meritCan), interactive mode/non-interactive type viewing function (for example, web page browsing, navigation, TV/ program viewingFunction), music record/playing function (for example, MP3 or extended formatting and/or (FM/AM) nothingBroadcast recoding/the broadcasting of line electricity), data downloads/sending function, image capturing functionality (for example, use (exampleAs built-in) digital camera) and game function.
Background technology
Electronic sensor conventionally needs independently power supply to provide and encourage and be for user to this sensorThe demonstration power supply of certain form. The battery that this power supply is normally independent. To the meeting that needs of independent current sourceAdversely affect miniaturization, the limit design free degree of equipment and increase manufacturing cost. In addition, byNeed constantly to monitor their environment around in sensor, so the life-span of power supply is tended to phaseTo shorter.
During one or more aspect/embodiment of the present disclosure can or can not address these problemsOne or more.
Enumerating or discuss not necessarily of formerly disclosed file in this description or any background technology wantedBe regarded as admitting that this file or background technology are a part or the common practise of current development level.
Summary of the invention
According to first aspect, a kind of device is provided, comprise the first and second electricity that separated by electrolyteThe utmost point, described the first and second electrodes are configured in the time of described the first electrode and analyte interaction at itBetween represent potential difference, wherein said the first electrode is arranged so that its electricity is led with electrochemical potentials and depends on and depositThe amount of analyte, the electricity of described the first electrode is led and electrochemical potentials (electrochemicalPotential) affect the potential difference between described the first and second electrodes, and wherein said device bagDraw together corresponding the first and second terminals, it is configured to be electrically connected to reading circuit with based on described potential differenceDetermining of the existence of Realization analysis thing and/or amount.
By affecting respectively interior resistance and the electromotive force of described device, the electricity of the first electrode is led and electrification electricityPosition can affect potential difference. The first electrode can be anode, and the second electrode can be negative electrode.
Reading circuit can form a part for described device.
Reading circuit can be configured to measure potential difference. Reading circuit can be configured to use potential difference to surveyAmount is determined existence and/or the amount of analyte. Reading circuit can be configured to indicate analyte existence and/ or amount. Reading circuit can be configured to indicating potential difference measurements to allow existing and/or measuring of analyteDetermine. This instruction can comprise presenting of corresponding data or transmit.
Reading circuit can be configured to generate in response to potential difference signal allow analyte existence and/ or amount determine. Reading circuit can be arranged so that this signal is relevant (for example to the value of potential differenceProportional). Reading circuit can be arranged so that only ability quilt in the time that potential difference exceedes predetermined threshold of signalGenerate. Reading circuit can comprise switch, and it is configured to trigger letter in the time that predetermined threshold is exceededNumber generation. This switch can comprise mos field effect transistor. Reading circuit canTo comprise light emitting diode. This signal can comprise the transmitting to light by light emitting diode.
The first electrode can comprise graphene oxide film. The first electrode can comprise in graphene oxideWire netting on film or patterned metal layer. The first electrode can comprise graphene oxide and conduct electricity poly-Compound, they are the form of composite. This conducting polymer can comprise polyaniline(polyaniline). Graphene oxide can comprise one or more carboxyls, hydroxyl and/or epoxy radicals.Graphene oxide can partly be reduced. The second electrode can comprise oxidate for lithium and manganese dioxideIn one or more. Oxidate for lithium can comprise LiMnO4、LiCoO2And LiFePO4In oneIndividual or multiple. Electrolyte can comprise one or more in following: polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropyleneAcid thing (polyacrylic), polyester and polyethylene oxide derivatives (polyethyleneoxidederivative)。
Analyte can comprise chemistry and living species in one or more. Analyte can comprise gasOne or more in body, liquid and steam. Analyte can comprise water.
Device can be one or more in following: electronic equipment, and portable electric appts, portableFormula telecommunication equipment, sensor, battery, capacitor, battery capacitor mixture, and forAny one module in aforementioned device. Sensor can be the environment such as humidity sensorSensor.
According on the other hand, a kind of method is provided, comprise with one device and reading circuit determineThe existence of analyte and/or amount, described device comprises the first and second electrodes that separated by electrolyte, instituteStating the first and second electrodes is configured to represent betwixt in the time of described the first electrode and analyte interactionPotential difference, wherein said the first electrode be arranged so that its electricity lead with electrochemical potentials depend on existence pointAnalyse the amount of thing, the electricity of described the first electrode is led and electrochemical potentials affects between described the first and second electrodesPotential difference, and wherein said device comprises corresponding the first and second terminals, it is configured to be electrically connectedBe connected to described reading circuit with based on described potential difference Realization analysis thing exist and/or measure determine.
According on the other hand, provide a kind of manufacture for determining the existence of analyte and/or the device of amountMethod, the method comprises:
Form the first and second electrodes, described the first and second electrodes be configured to described the first electrode withAnalyte represents potential difference while interaction betwixt, and wherein said the first electrode is arranged so that its electricityLead the amount that depends on the analyte of existence with electrochemical potentials, the electricity of described the first electrode is led and electrochemical potentialsAffect the potential difference between described the first and second electrodes;
Between described the first and second electrodes, provide electrolyte; And
Form corresponding the first and second terminals, for being electrically connected to reading circuit with based on described current potentialDetermining of the existence of poor Realization analysis thing and/or amount.
Unless clearly statement or understood by those skilled in the art, any method disclosed hereinStep needn't be carried out with disclosed exact sequence.
For realizing one or more corresponding computer program of method disclosed herein, (it canWith or can not be recorded on carrier) also in the scope of the present disclosure, and shown by describedOne or more containing in example embodiment.
The disclosure comprises one or more isolated corresponding aspects, example embodiment or feature and variousWhether combination, no matter with this combination or isolated by clearly statement (comprise claimed those).The one or more corresponding intrument that is used for carrying out discussed function is also in the scope of the present disclosure.
It is illustrative rather than restrictive that above-mentioned summary is only intended to.
Brief description of the drawings
Only provide description with reference to accompanying drawing by way of example now, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates conventional batteries and the I/V curve being associated;
Fig. 2 illustrates according to the device of an embodiment of the disclosure;
Fig. 3 illustrates the chemical constitution of graphene oxide;
Fig. 4 is illustrated under different humidity level the poor survey of the OCP of the battery based on graphene oxideAmount;
Fig. 5 illustrates the device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 6 illustrates the device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 7 illustrates the device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 8 illustrates and determines the existence of analyte and/or the method for amount with described device hereinKey step;
Fig. 9 illustrates the manufacture key step of the method for described device herein; And
Figure 10 illustrates the computer-readable medium that comprises computer program, and described computer program is configured toCarry out, control or realize one or more in the method step of Fig. 8 or 9.
Detailed description of the invention
As mentioned in background technology part, the size of electronic sensor, form factor, cost andEnergy efficiency is subject to the adverse effect of their dependences to independent current source. To describe now a kind of device andThe method being associated, it can or can not provide the one or more solution in these problemsScheme.
As shown in Figure 1, battery can be modeled as the electromotive force of connecting with interior resistance. The current potential of batteryPoor (V) is relevant with interior resistance (r) to its electromotive force (E) according to following equation:
V=E-Ir equation 1
Wherein I is around the mobile electric current of circuit due to potential difference.
An embodiment of (schematically illustrated in Fig. 2) this device comprises by electrolyte 203The the one 201 and the 2 202 electrode separating, the one 201 and the 2 202 electrode is configured toOne electrode 201 and analyte represent current potential while interaction between the one 201 and the 2 202 electrodePoor (V). The first electrode 201 is configured to make its electricity to lead with electrochemical potentials and depends on existing pointAnalyse the amount of thing. Because the electricity of the first electrode 201 is led the interior resistance that can affect respectively device with electrochemical potentials(r) and electromotive force (E), so the existence meeting strong effect the one 201 and the 2 202 of analytePotential difference (V) between electrode. Like this, the existence of analyte and/or amount can based on device current potentialPoor (V) determines. As shown in Figure 2, this device also comprises the corresponding the one 204 and the 2 205Terminal, described in it is configured to be electrically connected to realize with (discussing in more detail below) reading circuitDetermine.
Because analyte produces the potential difference between the one 201 and the 2 202 electrode, this potential difference continuesAnd be used to sensing analyte, so this device can be counted as self-powered sensor, (or it is at least oneIndividual module). For the method can be worked, the first electrode 201 should comprise a kind of material, itsElectricity is led with electrochemical potentials and is changed with the amount of the analyte existing. But, the electrode material usingType by depend on detected specific analyte (, specific chemistry or living species) and deviceEnvironment for use.
An example is for detection of airborne (existing with gas, liquid and/or vapor form)The graphene oxide of moisture, as humidity sensor. Graphene oxide can be counted as with oneOr the graphite of multiple functional groups is rare, all carboxyls as shown in Figure 3 (C), hydroxyl (B) and/or ringOxygen base (A). By thin graphene oxide film as the battery of anode have according to following equation approximate inResistance (r):
r＝r0exp(-H/H0) equation 2
Wherein H is relative humidity, r0And H0To depend on the ad hoc structure of anode and the constant of geometric properties.By change electrode geometric properties and add other materials, the electricity of anode lead can be customized to suitableClose in specific application. For example,, by plated metal net on graphene oxide film, in batteryResistance can be lowered several orders of magnitude, and this is because wire netting is by the discontinuous point in graphene oxide filmBridge joint gets up. Alternatively, the metal of one deck patterning can be deposited on graphene oxide film,Its resistance can design by customizing this metal pattern. In addition, if the electric conductivity of electrode inherentlyLower, can use conducting polymer (for example, polyaniline) to form graphite oxide alkene polymer multipleCondensation material improves its electric conductivity.
The electromotive force of battery depends on the relative aligning (relative of the Fermi energy between anode and negative electrodeAlignment). Show, moisture has impact to the rare electronic structure of the graphite of metallic support,Make the mobile about 100meV of fermi level (electrochemical potentials). Such movement comprises one graphite is rareWhen individual or multiple carboxyls, hydroxyl and/or epoxy radicals, become more serious. Therefore, the electricity of graphene oxideChanging current potential can change tempestuously along with the change of moisture concentration. This can find out in Fig. 4, and it showsGo out under different humidity level the open-circuit voltage of the battery based on graphene oxide is measured. In this exampleIn, battery has the anode, polyester electrolyte and the LiCoO that are coated with graphene oxide2Negative electrode.
Therefore, the output voltage of the battery based on graphene oxide (potential difference) is not with the variation of humidityThe variation of only being led by the electricity of graphene oxide causes, but also by the electrochemical potentials of graphene oxideVariation causes.
The first electrode material and analyte are not confined to respectively graphene oxide and water uniquely. OtherExample comprises: for the 2D Transition-metal dichalcogenide (transitionmetal of sensing triethylamineDichalcogenides) (for example, MoS2); For sensing ammonia and NO2Graphite rare; For sensingThe functionalization graphite of glucose rare (for example, utilize enzyme functionalized graphite rare); For the silver of sensing ammoniaNano particle; And for the porous silicon resin (poroussilicone) of sensing ammonia.
Being used for the existence of Realization analysis thing and/or definite reading circuit of amount can form this deviceA part. In certain embodiments, this reading circuit can be configured to measure potential difference. In Fig. 5, showGo out an example, wherein reading circuit comprises the volt being connected between the one 504 and the 2 505 terminalSpecial meter 506. The device of Fig. 2 is represented as and has variable output voltage and the power supply of interior resistance at this(referring to dotted line frame 521). Reading circuit can also be configured to the poor survey of user's indicating potential to this deviceAmount, makes him/her can detect the existence of analyte and based on this measurement, it is quantized. ForRealize this object, device/reading circuit can comprise that electronic console 507 and/or loudspeaker 508 are to useIn presenting potential difference measurement to user, and can comprise that emitter 509 (or transceiver) is to useIn to another equipment transmitting data. A rear feature makes the user can be from remote location monitoring of environmental.
Device/reading circuit can also comprise the processing that is electrically connected to other assemblies by data/address bus 512Device 510 and storage medium 511. By signaling being provided to other assemblies and receiving letter from other assembliesOrder is to manage their operation, and processor 510 is configured for the general operation of device. Storage is situated betweenMatter 511 is configured to store computer code, and this computer code is configured to carry out, controls or be realThe now operation of device. Storage medium 511 can also be configured to the setting of storage for other assemblies. PlaceReason device 510 can access storage media 511 be fetched assembly setting, to manage the behaviour of other assembliesDo. Processor 510 can be microprocessor, comprises special IC (ASIC). Storage medium511 can be the temporary storage medium such as volatile random access memory. On the other hand,Storage medium 511 can be permanent storage media, such as hard disk drive, flash memories orNonvolatile RAM.
In another embodiment, reading circuit can be configured to determine analyte with potential difference measurementExistence and/or amount, and indicate this result (thering is or do not have potential difference measurement value) to user.Therefore, this embodiment provides final result to user, and derives from primary voltage data without him/herFinal result. In practice, this analysis is carried out in conjunction with storage medium 511 by processor 510. ExampleAs, processor 510 can be configured to receive potential difference measurement from voltmeter 506, and by its with comeFor example, from predetermined calibration data (, the pass of potential difference and analyte concentration of storage medium 511Be the predetermined measured value of curve) compare, to determine existing and/or measuring of analyte.
In further embodiments, reading circuit can be configured to generate in response to potential difference signal,With allow analyte exist and/or measure determine. Example, wherein a reading circuit shown in Fig. 6Comprise light emitting diode (LED) 613, and signal comprises the transmitting to light 614 by LED613.The amount of light 614 of launching in this example, is relevant with the value of potential difference. Like this, the use of deviceFamily can be determined and have how many analytes from the brightness of LED613. But, the unfavorable aspect of this configurationThat user may be difficult to distinguish different brightness and realizes accurate quantification. In addition, in the configuration of Fig. 6,Even in the time that humidity is very low (, " closing " state in the time that the interior resistance installing is higher), LED613Also will continue to draw electric current (although very little), thereby reduce the efficiency of sensor device.
Fig. 7 illustrates another embodiment, and wherein reading circuit is configured to only when potential difference exceedes predetermined thresholdWhen value, generate signal. As described above, this signal is produced in response to potential difference by LED713Light 714, but reading circuit comprises switch Q now1(metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) in this example,Field-effect transistor (MOSFET)), it is configured to triggering signal in the time that predetermined threshold is exceededGeneration. MOSFETQ1To only in the time that being greater than transistorized threshold voltage, open source-drain voltage. SourceDrain voltage V is provided by following formula:
Wherein V+The voltage of the positive terminal 704 of device. This means that LED713 is installing in " closingClose " there is low current when state and draw, and there is sharp ON/OFF response. Because device (comprisesReading circuit) only in the time that analyte exists, be only movable, so thereby its energy efficiency is higher to be causedThe longer life-span. But the significant adverse aspect of this embodiment is this fact, from reading electricityThe output on road be qualitatively instead of quantitative (that is, user can determine whether to exist analyte, butCannot define how many analytes to exist).
In each of example of describing in the above, device can be one or more in following: electricitySubset, portable electric appts, portable remote communication equipment, sensor, battery, capacitor,Battery capacitor mixture and for any one module of aforementioned device.
Use this device to determine that the key step 815-816 of the existence of analyte and/or the method for amount is schemingSchematically illustrated in 8. Similarly, the key step 917-919 of method that manufactures this device is at Fig. 9In schematically illustrated.
A large amount of different manufacturing process can be used to form this device. Especially, whole equipment is passableUse serigraphy, intaglio printing, ink jet printing or volume to volume (roll-to-roll) printing to manufacture,Thereby significantly reduce its manufacturing cost. In this case, cannot directly be printed be associated readAny assembly that goes out circuit can use conductive epoxy resin to join this device to.
The first electrode can comprise graphene oxide (or graphene oxide of partial reduction) film, itsOn deposit or do not deposit wire netting or patterned metal layer. Alternatively, the first electrode canComprise composite, it comprises graphene oxide and conducting polymer (for example polyaniline). Graphite oxideAlkene can comprise one or more carboxyls, hydroxyl and/or epoxy radicals. On the other hand, the second electrode canComprise oxidate for lithium (for example LiMnO4、LiCoO2Or LiFePO4) and manganese dioxide in oneIndividual or multiple, and preferably solid or gel electrolyte of electrolyte, it comprise polyvinylidene fluoride,One or more in polyacrylic, polyester and polyethylene oxide derivatives.
Figure 10 is schematically illustrated according to computer/processing that computer program is provided of an embodimentDevice computer-readable recording medium 1020. In this example, computer/processor-readable medium 1020 is such as numeralThe dish of versatile disc (DVD) or compact disk (CD) and so on. In other embodiments, computer/Processor readable medium 1020 can be any medium that has been programmed to carry out function of the present invention.Computer/processor-readable medium 1020 can be movable memory equipment, such as memory stick or memoryCard (SD, mini SD, miniature SD or nanometer SD).
Computer program can comprise computer code, its be configured to carry out, control or realize Fig. 8 orOne or more in 9 method step 815-816,917-917. Especially, computer program canTo be configured to the potential difference between the terminal of measurement mechanism, and can be configured to the electricity based on recordingPotential difference is determined existence and/or the amount of analyte. Additionally or alternatively, computer program can be joinedBe set to the above-mentioned manufacture process of control and form/assemble this device.
Other embodiment drawing in figure has been provided with the similar spy with the embodiment describing beforeLevy corresponding Reference numeral. For example, feature number 1 also can be corresponding to numbering 101,201,301Deng. The feature of these numberings can occur in the drawings, but retouching at these specific embodiments notState and interiorly directly quoted. The feature of these numberings is still provided in the drawings, other to help to understandEmbodiment, especially about the similar feature of the embodiment of description before.
The reader who is familiar with technology should be understood that, any device/equipment of mentioning and/or mention especiallyThe further feature of device/equipment can for example, by being configured to only carry out desired behaviour in the time enabling (connection etc.)The device of doing provides. In this class situation, they for example, in disable state (, closed condition)Under may not necessarily make suitable Bootload in active memory, but only in enabled state (for example,In on-state) the suitable software of lower loading. Described device can comprise hardware circuit and/or firmware.Described device can comprise the software being loaded on memory. This class software/computer program can be rememberedRecord is at the same memory/processor/functional unit and/or one or more memory/processor/function listIn unit.
In certain embodiments, device/equipment of mentioning especially can be programmed to hold with suitable softwareThe operation that the departure date hopes, and wherein suitable software can be downloaded by user " key " (for example, to separateLock/enable this software and associated function thereof) and be enabled for use. Embodiment is associated with this classAdvantage can comprise, in the time that equipment needs other function, the demand of downloading data is reduced, andAnd this can be useful in following example: equipment is considered to have storage for may not made by userThe enough capacity of this class pre-programmed software of the function of energy.
Should be understood that, except the function of mentioning, any device/circuit/element of mentioning/locateReason device can have other function, and these functions can be by identical device/circuit/element/processingDevice is carried out. One or more disclosed aspects can comprise associated computer program and be recorded in suitably carriesFor example, computer program (it can be source/transfer encoding) on body (, memory, signal)Electronic distribution.
It should be understood that any " computer " as herein described can comprise one or more other placesReason device/treatment element set, described one or more indivedual processor/treatment elements can or passableBe not positioned on the same area/position of same circuit board or circuit board or even same equipment.In certain embodiments, one or more in any processor of mentioning can be distributed in multiple equipmentOn. Identical or different processor/treatment element can be carried out one or more function as herein described.
It should be understood that term " signaling " can refer to as letters a series of transmittings and/or that receiveNumber and transmit one or more signals. Described a series of signal can comprise one, two, three,Four or even more level signal component or different signal are to form described signaling. These are believed individuallySome or all in number can be by side by side, according to priority and/or make them in time each otherBe launched overlappingly/receive.
About any computer of mentioning and/or processor and memory (for example, comprise ROM,CD-ROM etc.) any discussion, these computers and/or processor and memory can compriseComputer processor, special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) and/ or be programmed for other nextport hardware component NextPort of carrying out function of the present invention.
Applicant is thus by isolated each independent feature as herein described and two or more this class spyA kind of degree is openly arrived in any combination of levying, and makes this category feature or its combination as a whole can rootAccording to those skilled in the art's common practise, be performed based on this description, and do not limit right and wantThe scope of asking, no matter and whether this category feature or Feature Combination solve any problem disclosed herein. ShenAsk someone to point out, disclosed aspect/embodiment can be by the combination structure of the independent feature of any this class or featureBecome. According to description above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that at model of the present disclosureEnclose and interiorly can make various amendments.
Although illustrated and described and point out to be applied to the basic novel feature of different embodiment herein,But should be understood that, those skilled in the art can be in the situation that not departing from spirit of the present invention,Form to described equipment and method and details are carried out various omissions, replacement and change. For example, clear and definiteExpect, carry out basic identical function to realize these elements of identical result in basic identical modeAnd/or all combinations of method step within the scope of the invention. And, will be appreciated that, in conjunction with appointingWhat open form or embodiment illustrate and/or the structure described and/or element and/or method step can be withAny other is open or describe or form or embodiment of suggestion are merged in, general as design alternativeItem. And, in the claims, device add function subordinate clause be intended to cover be described to herein holdThe structure of the described function of row, not only comprises equivalent structures, also comprises equivalent structure. Therefore, althoughNail and screw are not that the reason of equivalent structures is, a nail uses periphery by wooden portionPart is fixed together, and screw adopts helical surface, but in the environment of fastening wooden parts, nailSon and screw can be equivalent structures.
Claims (20)
1. a device, comprises the first and second electrodes that separated by electrolyte, described first and secondElectrode is configured to represent betwixt potential difference in the time of described the first electrode and analyte interaction, whereinDescribed the first electrode is arranged so that its electricity leads the amount that depends on the analyte of existence with electrochemical potentials, instituteThe electricity of stating the first electrode is led and electrochemical potentials affects the potential difference between described the first and second electrodes, withAnd wherein said device comprises corresponding the first and second terminals, it is configured to be electrically connected to reading circuitWith based on described potential difference Realization analysis thing exist and/or measure determine.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said reading circuit forms of described devicePoint.
3. device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said reading circuit is configured to measure described current potentialPoor.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said reading circuit is configured to use described current potentialDifference measurements, determines existence and/or the amount of analyte.
5. device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said reading circuit is configured in response to described electricityPotential difference and generate signal, with allow analyte exist and/or measure determine.
6. device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said reading circuit is arranged so that described signalRelevant to the value of described potential difference.
7. device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said reading circuit is arranged so that described signalOnly in the time that exceeding predetermined threshold, described potential difference is generated.
8. device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said reading circuit comprises switch, described switchBe configured to trigger the generation of described signal in the time that described predetermined threshold has been exceeded.
9. the device as described in any one in claim 5 to 8, wherein said reading circuit comprises to be sent outOptical diode, and described signal comprises the transmitting to light by described light emitting diode.
10. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said the first electrode comprises oxygenFunctionalized graphene film.
11. devices as claimed in claim 10, wherein said the first electrode comprises in graphite oxideWire netting on alkene film or patterned metal layer.
12. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and wherein said the first electrode comprises oxygenFunctionalized graphene and conducting polymer, they are the form of composite.
13. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and wherein said the second electrode comprises lithiumOne or more in oxide and manganese dioxide.
14. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and wherein said electrolyte comprises followingIn one or more: polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylic, polyester and polyethylene glycol oxide spread outBiological.
15. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and wherein said analyte comprises chemistryOne or more with in living species.
16. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and wherein said analyte comprises water.
17. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said device be following inOne or more: electronic equipment, portable electric appts, portable remote communication equipment, sensor,Battery, capacitor, battery capacitor mixture, and for any one mould of aforementioned devicePiece.
18. 1 kinds of methods, comprise with one device and reading circuit determine analyte existence and/orAmount, described device comprises the first and second electrodes that separated by electrolyte, described the first and second electrodesBe configured to represent betwixt potential difference in the time of described the first electrode and analyte interaction, wherein saidThe first electrode is arranged so that its electricity leads the amount that depends on the analyte of existence with electrochemical potentials, describedThe electricity of one electrode is led and electrochemical potentials affects the potential difference between described the first and second electrodes, with andDescribed in device comprise corresponding the first and second terminals, it is configured to be electrically connected to described reading circuitWith based on described potential difference Realization analysis thing exist and/or measure determine.
19. 1 kinds of manufactures are for determining the method for the existence of analyte and/or the device of amount, described methodComprise:
Form the first and second electrodes, described the first and second electrodes be configured to described the first electrode withAnalyte represents potential difference while interaction betwixt, and wherein said the first electrode is arranged so that its electricityLead the amount that depends on the analyte of existence with electrochemical potentials, the electricity of described the first electrode is led and electrochemical potentialsAffect the potential difference between described the first and second electrodes;
Between described the first and second electrodes, provide electrolyte; And
Form corresponding the first and second terminals, for being electrically connected to reading circuit with based on described current potentialDetermining of the existence of poor Realization analysis thing and/or amount.
20. 1 kinds of computer programs, comprise the meter that is configured to the method that executes claims 18 or 19Calculation machine code.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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|---|---|---|---|
| GB1314149.4 | 2013-08-07 | ||
| GB1314149.4A GB2516932B (en) | 2013-08-07 | 2013-08-07 | An apparatus and associated methods for water detection |
| PCT/FI2014/050592 WO2015018973A1 (en) | 2013-08-07 | 2014-07-25 | An apparatus and associated methods for analyte detection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105612419A true CN105612419A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
| CN105612419B CN105612419B (en) | 2019-04-16 |
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| CN201480055103.6A Expired - Fee Related CN105612419B (en) | 2013-08-07 | 2014-07-25 | For analyze analyte detection device and associated method |
Country Status (5)
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| US (1) | US10775340B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3030892B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105612419B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2516932B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015018973A1 (en) |
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| CN114026412A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2022-02-08 | 西班牙高等科研理事会 | Device and procedure for quantification of analyte concentration in sample |
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| EP3034467A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-22 | Nokia Technologies OY | A method and associated apparatus |
| KR101789703B1 (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-10-25 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | Biosensor and method for forming the same |
| WO2016200104A1 (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2016-12-15 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | Biosensor and method for forming same and glucose control system, method for forming the glucose control system, and method for controlling glucose thereby |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3030892A1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
| GB2516932B (en) | 2018-12-26 |
| EP3030892B1 (en) | 2021-12-01 |
| CN105612419B (en) | 2019-04-16 |
| US20160187286A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
| GB2516932A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
| US10775340B2 (en) | 2020-09-15 |
| WO2015018973A1 (en) | 2015-02-12 |
| EP3030892A4 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
| GB201314149D0 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
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