CN105610869B - Method and device for scheduling streaming media - Google Patents
Method and device for scheduling streaming media Download PDFInfo
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- CN105610869B CN105610869B CN201610120405.8A CN201610120405A CN105610869B CN 105610869 B CN105610869 B CN 105610869B CN 201610120405 A CN201610120405 A CN 201610120405A CN 105610869 B CN105610869 B CN 105610869B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
- H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
- H04N21/26216—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints involving the channel capacity, e.g. network bandwidth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
- H04N21/26225—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints involving billing parameters, e.g. priority for subscribers of premium services
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for scheduling streaming media, wherein the method comprises the steps of receiving an access request of a user for accessing the streaming media; acquiring the use condition of the covered streaming media resource according to the access request; determining a corresponding user access level according to the access request; and scheduling the streaming media resources according to the user access level based on the using condition of the streaming media resources. When the embodiment of the invention schedules the streaming media resources, the use condition of the covered streaming media resources is considered, and the user access level corresponding to the access request is considered, so that the most appropriate streaming media resources can be selected for service, the streaming media playing effect is greatly improved, and the playing quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention belongs to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for scheduling streaming media.
Background
With the rapid development of internet technology, more and more streaming media resources (such as video resources, audio resources, etc.) are available for users to access on the internet.
At present, since all the accesses to streaming media related to a user are allocated by using the same set of streaming media resources, the user experience is seriously affected under the condition of limited resources. For example, some users need to download the video a offline, and at this time, some users need to play the video a in real time, because the users are not very sensitive to the real-time downloading speed of the offline downloading, and only care about whether the downloading can be completed within a certain time (for example, in the early morning), and the real-time online on-demand scene is sensitive to the downloading speed, when there are many users accessing the video a at the same time, the users may be stuck in the process of requesting the video a online in real time.
In the process of research and practice of the prior art, the inventor of the present invention finds that, because the access to all streaming media in the prior art is allocated by using the same set of streaming media resources, the streaming media has poor playing effect and poor playing quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for scheduling streaming media, aiming at improving the scheduling accuracy and recall rate of the streaming media.
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a scheduling method of streaming media comprises the following steps:
receiving an access request of a user for accessing the streaming media;
acquiring the use condition of the covered streaming media resource according to the access request;
determining a corresponding user access level according to the access request;
and scheduling the streaming media resource according to the user access level based on the using condition of the streaming media resource.
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention further provide the following technical solutions:
an apparatus for scheduling streaming media, comprising:
a receiving unit, configured to receive an access request from a user to access a streaming media;
a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain a usage situation of a covered streaming media resource according to the access request;
a first determining unit, configured to determine, according to the access request, a corresponding user access level;
and the scheduling unit is used for scheduling the streaming media resource according to the user access level based on the using condition of the streaming media resource.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention firstly obtains the use condition of the covered streaming media resource according to the received access request of the user for accessing the streaming media, and determines the corresponding user access level according to the access request; finally, based on the using condition of the streaming media resource, scheduling the streaming media resource according to the user access level; when the embodiment of the invention schedules the streaming media resources, the use condition of the covered streaming media resources is considered, and the user access level corresponding to the access request is considered, so that the most appropriate streaming media resources can be selected for service, the streaming media playing effect is greatly improved, and the playing quality is improved.
Drawings
The technical solution and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1a is a schematic view of a scenario of a resource scheduling system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1b is a flowchart illustrating a method for scheduling streaming media according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2a is a flowchart illustrating a method for scheduling streaming media according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2b is a schematic diagram illustrating a user access decision in a streaming media scheduling method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a scheduling apparatus for streaming media according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numbers refer to like elements, the principles of the present invention are illustrated as being implemented in a suitable computing environment. The following description is based on illustrated embodiments of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention with regard to other embodiments that are not detailed herein.
In the description that follows, specific embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to steps and symbols executed by one or more computers, unless otherwise indicated. Accordingly, these steps and operations will be referred to, several times, as being performed by a computer, the computer performing operations involving a processing unit of the computer in electronic signals representing data in a structured form. This operation transforms the data or maintains it at locations in the computer's memory system, which may be reconfigured or otherwise altered in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. The data maintains a data structure that is a physical location of the memory that has particular characteristics defined by the data format. However, while the principles of the invention have been described in language specific to above, it is not intended to be limited to the specific form set forth herein, but on the contrary, it is to be understood that various steps and operations described hereinafter may be implemented in hardware.
The term "module" as used herein may be considered a software object executing on the computing system. The various components, modules, engines, and services described herein may be viewed as objects implemented on the computing system. The apparatus and method described herein are preferably implemented in software, but may also be implemented in hardware, and are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for scheduling streaming media.
Referring to fig. 1a, the figure is a schematic view of a scenario of a streaming media scheduling method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the scenario may include a streaming media scheduling device, where the streaming media scheduling device may be specifically integrated in a server or a gateway and other network devices, and is mainly used to receive an access request of a user for accessing a streaming media; acquiring the use condition of the covered streaming media resource, such as saturation or non-saturation, according to the access request; determining a corresponding user access level according to the access request; based on the usage of the streaming media resources, and according to the user access level, scheduling the streaming media resources, for example, firstly sorting the streaming media resources according to the quality degree, and preferentially providing users with higher user access levels for use, and so on.
In addition, the scene may further include a plurality of user terminals, where the user terminals include input devices such as a mouse and a keyboard, and are used to receive an access request for accessing the streaming media directly triggered by a user; meanwhile, the user terminal also comprises an output device such as a display screen and the like, and the output device is used for displaying the stream media obtained after scheduling to the user. Certainly, the scene may further include a user data storage platform, where the data storage platform stores a large amount of user access data related to streaming media resources, and the scheduling device of the streaming media may determine corresponding access types according to the user access data, such as member access, general video access, user original content video access, and offline download access, and further may set user access levels of the access types.
The details will be described below separately.
First embodiment
In this embodiment, a description will be given from the perspective of a scheduling apparatus of streaming media, and the scheduling apparatus of streaming media may be specifically integrated in a network device such as a server or a gateway.
A scheduling method of streaming media comprises the following steps: receiving an access request of a user for accessing the streaming media; acquiring the use condition of the covered streaming media resource according to the access request; determining a corresponding user access level according to the access request; and scheduling the streaming media resources according to the user access level based on the using condition of the streaming media resources.
Referring to fig. 1b, fig. 1b is a flowchart illustrating a streaming media scheduling method according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:
in step S101, an access request from a user to access streaming media is received.
In step S102, the usage of the overlaid streaming media resource is acquired according to the access request.
In step S103, a corresponding user access level is determined according to the access request.
Wherein, the steps S101 to S103 may specifically be:
it can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the streaming media resource mainly refers to a video streaming media resource, and the product type of the streaming media resource is commonly found in video-on-demand, video sharing, news, and the like. The video-on-demand product, such as each playing platform, provides copyright video playing, and the video content includes: the types of programs such as movie and TV drama, comprehensive art, sports, documentary, etc. have the characteristics of high definition, long time and the like, and are generally called movie and video.
The video sharing products refer to that many social products such as camara also have video sharing functions, such as space, WeChat friend circle and the like. Videos shared by such users have the characteristics of low definition, short time, centralized hot spots and large long tail amount, and are generally called User Generated Content (UGC) videos; the news product refers to a news video and is also a common presentation mode of news.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, before receiving an access request from a user to access streaming media (step S101), priority information may be set for a source of a streaming media resource, for example, the priority information may include:
step a, obtaining the source information of the stream media resource.
And b, determining the category of the streaming media resource according to the source information.
The categories of the streaming media resources comprise local resources, regional resources and outsourced resources.
And c, setting the priority information of the type of the streaming media resource based on the type of the streaming media resource.
That is to say, in the embodiment of the present invention, for a streaming media access request of a user, three resources may be used for covering: local resources, regional resources, and outsourced resources.
The local resource refers to a metropolitan area point (OC) resource of a local operator of a user (access user for short) sending a streaming media access request, is closest to the access user, and has the best access effect; the regional resource refers to an OC resource belonging to the same administrative district as the visited user, such as the south china; and the outsourced resource is an outsourced Content Delivery Network (CDN).
It can be understood that, because the streaming media service has a huge bandwidth requirement, the resource construction of the video service cannot meet the bandwidth requirement of video playing, and a general video service provider will access several outsourced CDNs as resource supplement.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, before receiving an access request of a user for accessing a streaming media (step S101), the method may further perform access type classification for the access request of the user, for example, the method may include:
and step A, collecting user access data related to the streaming media resources.
And step B, determining a corresponding access type according to the user access data.
The access types comprise member access, common video access, user original content video access and offline download access.
And C, setting the user access level based on the access type.
In the embodiment of the present invention, for example, the access request of the user may be correspondingly divided into four types: member access, common video access, user original content video access, and offline download access.
The member access is vip (virtual import peer) access, and may include a paid user, paid content, and the like; the common video access refers to video access initiated by a common user other than a non-member, and generally refers to copyright video playing, and the video content includes: the types of programs such as movie and TV drama, anarchy, sports, documentary, and the like are sensitive to the downloading speed due to the high video code rate.
The method mainly comprises the steps that original content video access of a user, namely UGC video access, mainly refers to the fact that a common user uploads content shared on a video platform, the original user is mainly created, the method generally has the characteristics of small file and low definition, and due to the fact that video code rate is low and video duration is short, the requirement on downloading speed is slightly low; and off-line downloading access is basically insensitive to downloading speed due to abundant downloading time. Based on different sensitivities to the downloading speed, the user access levels set for the access types are sequentially member access, common video access, user original content video access and offline downloading access from high to low.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, there are many ways to obtain the usage of the covered streaming media resource (i.e. step S102) according to the access request, for example, the method may specifically include:
and S1021, acquiring the bandwidth utilization value of each covered type of streaming media resource according to the access request.
And S1022, comparing each bandwidth usage value with a preset threshold corresponding to the category of streaming media resource.
And S1023, if the bandwidth utilization value is determined to exceed the corresponding preset threshold value, determining that the streaming media resource of the corresponding category is saturated.
And S1024, if the bandwidth utilization value is not determined to exceed the corresponding preset threshold value, determining that the streaming media resources of the corresponding category are not saturated.
That is, in this embodiment, whether the streaming media resource is saturated or not can be determined by the bandwidth usage value.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the categories of the streaming media resources, including the local resource, the regional resource, and the outsourced resource, may be determined according to the source information of the streaming media resources, so that for each category of the streaming media resources, it is necessary to compare the streaming media resources with the preset threshold corresponding to the category of the streaming media resources.
On one hand, if the bandwidth utilization value is determined to exceed the corresponding preset threshold value according to the comparison result, the streaming media resource of the corresponding category can be determined to be saturated; on the other hand, if it is determined that the bandwidth usage value does not exceed the corresponding preset threshold according to the comparison result, it may be determined that the streaming media resource of the corresponding category does not reach saturation.
It is further easily conceivable that, in the embodiment of the present invention, step S102 (obtaining the usage of the covered streaming media resource according to the access request) may be performed first, and then step S103 (determining the corresponding user access level according to the access request) may be performed first, or step S103 may be performed first, and step S102 is performed, or step S102 and step S103 are performed simultaneously, where the order of performing the steps is not limited.
In step S104, the streaming media resource is scheduled according to the user access level based on the usage of the streaming media resource.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the set priority information of the category of the streaming media resource and the user access level, the manner of scheduling the streaming media resource may include:
step 1, acquiring the service condition of each type of streaming media resource according to the priority information of the type of the streaming media resource.
And 2, scheduling the streaming media resources according to the user access level based on the use condition of the streaming media resources of each category.
Generally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the priority information of the category of the streaming media resource specifically refers to the order of the coverage quality of the streaming media resource from high to low, and the order is the local resource, the regional resource, and the outsourced resource, that is, the streaming media resource is firstly sorted according to the quality degree of the resource, and then is scheduled according to the high-low order of the user access level.
In this embodiment, for example, based on the usage of each category of streaming media resource, and according to the user access level, scheduling the streaming media resource (step 2) may specifically include:
and step 21, when the local resources are determined to be unsaturated, controlling to use the local resources for covering.
And step 22, when the local resources are determined to be saturated, scheduling the streaming media resources according to the user access level.
That is, when local resources are saturated, user access may be split according to user access levels.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the user access levels sequentially include member access, general video access, user original content video access, and offline download access from high to low, when it is determined that the local resource is saturated based on this, scheduling the streaming media resource according to the user access levels (step 22) may include:
and step 221, when the user access level is determined to be member access, controlling to use local resources for covering, and when the user access level is determined to be lower than the member access, judging whether the regional resources are saturated.
That is, when the user access level is member access, the local resource can be controlled to be directly used for coverage regardless of saturation of the local resource.
When the local resources are saturated and the user access level is lower than that of member access (namely any access type of common video access, user original content video access and offline download access), the use condition of the regional resources is judged.
And step 222, when the regional resources are determined to be unsaturated, controlling to use the regional resources for covering.
And 223, when the regional resources are determined to be saturated and the user access level is the common video access, controlling the regional resources to be used for covering, and when the regional resources are determined to be saturated and the user access level is lower than the common video access, judging whether the outsource resources are saturated or not.
That is, when the regional resources are saturated, the user access may be split according to the user access level.
Specifically, for example, when the area resource is saturated, and the user access level is normal video access, the area resource can be controlled to be directly used for covering regardless of whether the area resource is saturated or not.
When the regional resources are saturated and the user access level is lower than that of the common video access (namely, any access type of the original content video access and the offline download access of the user), the use condition of the outsourcing resources is judged.
And 224, when the outsourced resource is determined to be unsaturated, controlling to use the outsourced resource for covering.
And 225, when determining that the outsourced resource is saturated, flexibly processing the user access according to the user access level.
Further, when it is determined that the outsourced resource is saturated, flexibly processing the user access according to the user access level (step 225) may specifically include:
and step 2251, controlling to use the outsourced resource for covering when the outsourced resource is determined to be saturated and the user access level is the original content video access of the user.
And step 2252, when it is determined that the outsourced resource is saturated and not overloaded yet, and the user access level is offline download access, starting an access speed limit and/or Peer-to-Peer network acceleration (P2P, Peer to Peer) acceleration mode, and controlling to use the outsourced resource for coverage.
And step 2253, when the outsourced resource is determined to be saturated and overloaded, starting a delayed downloading mode.
That is to say, when the overall resources are saturated, performing service flexible processing on offline download access, such as starting a speed limit and a P2P acceleration mode, in the embodiment of the present invention, P2P acceleration means that a data download source accessed by a user is not a CDN node provided by a video service provider nearby, but a cache pool provided by each online user, and the user download speed and access experience are generally lower than CDN acceleration; and when the whole resource is overloaded, the delayed downloading strategy is started, so that the playing experience of a user with high priority can be ensured.
As can be seen from the above, in the scheduling method of streaming media provided in this embodiment, first, according to a received access request of a user for accessing the streaming media, a use condition of a covered streaming media resource is obtained, and a corresponding user access level is determined according to the access request; finally, based on the using condition of the streaming media resource, scheduling the streaming media resource according to the user access level; when the embodiment of the invention schedules the streaming media resources, the use condition of the covered streaming media resources is considered, and the user access level corresponding to the access request is considered, so that the most appropriate streaming media resources can be selected for service, the streaming media playing effect is greatly improved, and the playing quality is improved.
Second embodiment
The method according to the first embodiment will be described in further detail below by way of example.
The embodiment provides a streaming media scheduling method, which includes that a streaming media scheduling device collects the used conditions of streaming media resources by using a streaming media scheduling platform, such as the use conditions of local resources, regional resources and outsourced resources, and then evaluates the remaining resources, so as to map the resources and user access, the resources are sorted according to the quality degree, users with higher user access levels are preferentially provided, such as VIP access, common video access, UGC video access and offline download access. When the whole resources are determined to be saturated, service flexible processing can be carried out on offline downloading access, such as starting a speed limit mode and a P2P acceleration mode, and when the whole resources are determined to be overloaded, a delayed downloading strategy is started. That is, the embodiment performs streaming media scheduling considering the differentiation of capacity and user experience.
As will be described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 2a, fig. 2a is a flowchart illustrating a streaming media scheduling method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:
in step S201, a scheduling device of streaming media receives an access request of a user to access the streaming media.
In step S202, the scheduling device of the streaming media determines the access type of the access request, where the access type includes member access, general video access, user original content video access, and offline download access.
In step S203, the scheduling device of the streaming media determines the corresponding user access level according to the access type.
It is understood that the user may set and store the user access level in advance. In this embodiment, the scheduling apparatus of the streaming media may be divided into 4 levels for user access, for example, 10 levels: VIP (member) access, 20 level: general movie video access, 30 level: UGC (user original content) video access, 40 level: and (5) offline downloading access.
The user access levels are 10 levels, 20 levels, 30 levels and 40 levels in sequence from high to low.
In step S204, the streaming media scheduling device determines the usage of each covered category of streaming media resource according to the access request.
For example, the streaming media scheduling apparatus may calculate the usage (saturation) of the streaming media resource in real time, in this embodiment, for the streaming media access request of the user, three resources may be used for covering: local resources, regional resources, and outsourced resources.
Further, for example, the calculation method of each resource may include:
(1) calculating the use condition of the local resources: and confirming the bandwidth use condition of the local coverage resource according to the granularity (referring to the minimum indifference scheduling unit) of the city operator, such as Shenzhen telecom, and the like, wherein if the bandwidth use condition exceeds the corresponding total rated bandwidth use proportion, such as 98%, the use of the local resource can be considered to be saturated, and at the moment, user access needs to be shunted.
(2) Calculating the use condition of the regional resources: according to the granularity of a large-area operator, such as south China telecom and the like, the bandwidth usage condition of the area coverage resource is confirmed, if the bandwidth usage condition exceeds the corresponding total rated bandwidth usage proportion, such as 98%, the resource usage of the area can be considered to be saturated, and at this time, user access needs to be shunted.
(3) Calculating outsourcing resource use conditions: according to the granularity of the service provider, the use condition of the coverage resource bandwidth is confirmed, if the use condition exceeds the corresponding rated bandwidth use proportion, such as 98%, the outsourced resource use can be considered to be saturated, and flexible processing needs to be carried out on user access at the moment.
Furthermore, the resource usage of all categories is counted, and if the local resource, the regional resource, and the outsourced resource all exceed the upper limit of the rated bandwidth, it can be considered that the use of the outsourced resource (i.e. the whole resource) is overloaded, and at this time, the user access needs to be delayed for downloading.
Specifically, for example, when the user clicks on video playing or caching (i.e., sends an access request to the streaming media scheduling apparatus), the streaming media scheduling apparatus obtains geographic location information of the user and file information (e.g., a movie name, etc.) of the access, so as to determine a corresponding local coverage resource list, regional coverage resource list, and outsourcer service provider list, and then obtains resource usage of the category indicated by each list based on the local coverage resource list, the regional coverage resource list, and the outsourcer service provider list.
In step S205, the streaming media scheduling apparatus schedules the streaming media resource according to the priority information of the category of the streaming media resource and the user access level, based on the usage of the streaming media resource of each category.
It can be understood that, the scheduling apparatus of the streaming media may set a user access decision according to the priority information of the categories of the streaming media resources, the usage of the streaming media resources of each category, the user access level, and the like, and schedule the streaming media resources according to the user access decision, such as splitting the user access, or performing flexible processing on the user access, and the like.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2b, a schematic diagram of a scheduling apparatus for streaming media scheduling a streaming media resource according to a user access decision is shown, where the steps may specifically be as follows:
I. and determining whether the local resources are saturated, if the local resources are not saturated, directly using the local resources for covering, and turning to IX. Otherwise, turning to II.
And II, if the local resources are saturated and the user access level is 10 levels, directly using the local resources for covering, and turning to IX. Otherwise, turning to III.
When local resources are saturated, user access can be shunted according to user access levels.
And III, determining whether the regional resources are saturated, if the regional resources are not saturated, directly using the regional resources for covering, and turning to IX. Otherwise, turning to IV.
When the local resources are saturated and the user access level is lower than that of member access (namely any access type of common video access, user original content video access and offline download access), the use condition of the regional resources is judged.
And IV, if the regional resources are saturated and the user access level is 20 levels, directly using the regional resources to cover, and turning to IX. Otherwise, turning to V.
When the regional resources are saturated, the user access can be shunted according to the user access level.
V, determining whether the outsourced resources are saturated, if not, directly using the outsourced resources for covering, and turning to IX. Otherwise, the VI is converted.
When the regional resources are saturated and the user access level is lower than that of the common video access (namely, any access type of the original content video access and the offline download access of the user), the use condition of the outsourcing resources is judged.
And VI, if the outsourced resources are saturated and the user access level is 30 levels, directly using the outsourced resources for covering, and turning to IX. Otherwise, turning to VII.
And VII, if the outsourced resource is saturated and not overloaded, starting an access speed limit and P2P acceleration mode, directly using the outsourced resource for covering, and turning to IX. Otherwise, go to VIII.
And when determining that the outsourced resource is saturated, flexibly processing the user access according to the user access level.
And VIII, starting delayed downloading, suspending user off-line downloading and switching to IX.
IX. the flow ends.
In step S206, the scheduling device of the streaming media returns the scheduled result to the user and displays the result.
The scheduling method based on the streaming media is already put into use in the existing streaming media platform, the use of the total resource peak period is very stable according to the use conditions of the total bandwidth of the streaming media service and the off-line downloading bandwidth in one day, and a large number of flexible strategies are made for off-line downloading to guarantee the service, so that the normal use of the streaming media service of the platform is successfully guaranteed under the condition of resource shortage, and the influence on the user experience is reduced to the minimum.
As can be seen from the above, in the scheduling method for streaming media provided by this embodiment, when scheduling streaming media resources, not only the usage situation of the covered streaming media resources is considered, but also the user access level corresponding to the access request is considered, so that the most appropriate streaming media resource can be selected for service; for example, firstly, the covered streaming media resources are classified into local resources, regional resources and outsourced resources; secondly, grading user access, and dividing the user access into VIP access, common video access, UGC video access and offline download access according to access types; then, the resource provides the user with higher user access level preferentially according to the sequence of the grading level, for example, when the resource is used in saturation, the resource can be scheduled differently according to the user access level, when the whole resource is determined to be saturated, the service flexible processing can be carried out on the off-line downloading access, and when the whole resource is determined to be overloaded, the delayed downloading strategy is started. In other words, the present embodiment considers the differentiation of the capacity and the user experience to perform streaming media scheduling, so that the influence on the user experience is minimized, the streaming media playing effect is greatly improved, and the playing quality is improved.
Third embodiment
In order to better implement the streaming media scheduling method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device based on the streaming media scheduling method. The terms are the same as those in the above-mentioned method for scheduling streaming media, and specific implementation details may refer to the description in the method embodiment.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a scheduling apparatus of streaming media according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the scheduling apparatus of streaming media may include a receiving unit 301, a first obtaining unit 302, a first determining unit 303, and a scheduling unit 304.
The receiving unit 301 is configured to receive an access request of a user for accessing a streaming media; a first obtaining unit 302, configured to obtain a usage of the covered streaming media resource according to the access request.
A first determining unit 303, configured to determine a corresponding user access level according to the access request, and a scheduling unit 304, configured to schedule the streaming media resource according to the user access level and based on the usage of the streaming media resource.
It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the streaming media resource mainly refers to a video streaming media resource, and the product type of the streaming media resource is commonly found in video-on-demand, video sharing, news, and the like. The video-on-demand product, such as each playing platform, provides copyright video playing, and the video content includes: the types of programs such as movie and TV drama, comprehensive art, sports, documentary, etc. have the characteristics of high definition, long time and the like, and are generally called movie and video.
The video sharing products refer to that many social products such as camara also have video sharing functions, such as space, WeChat friend circle and the like. The videos shared by the users have the characteristics of low definition, short time, centralized hot spots and large long tail amount, and are generally called UGC videos of original contents of the users; the news product refers to a news video and is also a common presentation mode of news.
Preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, priority information may be set for a source of the streaming media resource, for example, the scheduling apparatus of the streaming media may further include:
a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain source information of the streaming media resource;
a second determining unit, configured to determine a category of the streaming media resource according to the source information, where the category of the streaming media resource includes a local resource, a regional resource, and an outsourced resource;
and a first setting unit, configured to set priority information of the category of the streaming media resource based on the category of the streaming media resource.
That is to say, in the embodiment of the present invention, for a streaming media access request of a user, three resources may be used for covering: local resources, regional resources, and outsourced resources.
The local resource refers to a metropolitan area point (OC) resource of a same regional operator as a user (access user for short) sending the streaming media access request, is closest to the access user, and has the best access effect; the regional resource refers to an OC resource belonging to the same administrative district as the visited user, such as the south china; and the outsourced resource is the outsourced content delivery network CDN.
It can be understood that, because the streaming media service has a huge bandwidth requirement, the resource construction of the video service cannot meet the bandwidth requirement of video playing, and a general video service provider will access several outsourced CDNs as resource supplement.
Preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, the access type classification may be further performed on an access request of a user, for example, the streaming media scheduling apparatus may further include:
a collecting unit for collecting user access data on the streaming media resource;
a third determining unit, configured to determine, according to the user access data, a corresponding access type, where the access type includes member access, general video access, user original content video access, and offline download access;
and the second setting unit is used for setting the user access level based on the access type.
In the embodiment of the present invention, for example, the access request of the user may be correspondingly divided into four types: member access, common video access, user original content video access, and offline download access.
Member access, namely VIP access, which can comprise paid users, paid content and the like; the common video access refers to video access initiated by a common user other than a non-member, and generally refers to copyright video playing, and the video content includes: the types of programs such as movie and TV drama, anarchy, sports, documentary, and the like are sensitive to the downloading speed due to the high video code rate.
The method mainly comprises the steps that original content video access of a user, namely UGC video access, mainly refers to the fact that a common user uploads content shared on a video platform, the original user is mainly created, the method generally has the characteristics of small file and low definition, and due to the fact that video code rate is low and video duration is short, the requirement on downloading speed is slightly low; and off-line downloading access is basically insensitive to downloading speed due to abundant downloading time. Based on different sensitivities to the downloading speed, the user access levels set for the access types are sequentially member access, common video access, user original content video access and offline downloading access from high to low.
Furthermore, in this embodiment of the present invention, there are many ways to obtain the usage of the covered streaming media resource according to the access request, for example, the first obtaining unit 302 may include:
a second obtaining subunit, configured to obtain, according to the access request, bandwidth usage values of the covered streaming media resources of each category;
the comparison subunit is used for comparing each bandwidth use value with a preset threshold corresponding to the category streaming media resource;
the first determining subunit is configured to determine that the streaming media resource of the corresponding category is saturated if it is determined that the bandwidth usage value exceeds the corresponding preset threshold;
and the second determining subunit is configured to determine that the streaming media resource of the corresponding category is not saturated if it is determined that the bandwidth usage value does not exceed the corresponding preset threshold.
That is, in this embodiment, whether the streaming media resource is saturated or not can be determined by the bandwidth usage value.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the categories of the streaming media resources, including the local resource, the regional resource, and the outsourced resource, may be determined according to the source information of the streaming media resources, so that for each category of the streaming media resources, it is necessary to compare the streaming media resources with the preset threshold corresponding to the category of the streaming media resources.
On one hand, if the bandwidth utilization value is determined to exceed the corresponding preset threshold value according to the comparison result, the streaming media resource of the corresponding category can be determined to be saturated; on the other hand, if it is determined that the bandwidth usage value does not exceed the corresponding preset threshold according to the comparison result, it may be determined that the streaming media resource of the corresponding category does not reach saturation.
Based on this, in this embodiment of the present invention, the scheduling unit 304 may include:
the first acquiring subunit is configured to acquire a use condition of each category of streaming media resource according to the priority information of the category of the streaming media resource;
and the scheduling subunit is used for scheduling the streaming media resources according to the user access levels and based on the use conditions of the streaming media resources of each category.
Generally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the priority information of the category of the streaming media resource specifically refers to the order of the coverage quality of the streaming media resource from high to low, and the order is the local resource, the regional resource, and the outsourced resource, that is, the streaming media resource is firstly sorted according to the quality degree of the resource, and then is scheduled according to the high-low order of the user access level.
In this embodiment, for example, the scheduling subunit may be configured to: and when determining that the local resources are not saturated, controlling the local resources to be used for covering, and when determining that the local resources are saturated, scheduling the streaming media resources according to the user access level.
That is, when local resources are saturated, user access may be split according to user access levels.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the user access level sequentially includes member access, general video access, user original content video access, and offline download access from high to low, and based on this, the scheduling subunit may further be configured to:
when the local resource is determined to be saturated, when the user access level is determined to be member access, the local resource is controlled to be used for covering, and when the user access level is determined to be lower than the member access, whether the regional resource is saturated or not is judged;
when determining that the regional resources are not saturated, controlling the regional resources to be used for covering, when determining that the regional resources are saturated and the user access level is the common video access, controlling the regional resources to be used for covering, and when determining that the regional resources are saturated and the user access level is lower than the common video access, judging whether the outsourcing resources are saturated;
and when determining that the outsourced resources are not saturated, controlling the outsourced resources to be used for covering, and when determining that the outsourced resources are saturated, flexibly processing the user access according to the user access level.
That is, when the user access level is member access, the local resource can be controlled to be directly used for coverage regardless of saturation of the local resource.
When the local resources are saturated and the user access level is lower than that of member access (namely any access type of common video access, user original content video access and offline download access), the use condition of the regional resources is judged.
When the regional resources are saturated, the user access can be shunted according to the user access level.
Specifically, for example, when the area resource is saturated, and the user access level is normal video access, the area resource can be controlled to be directly used for covering regardless of whether the area resource is saturated or not.
When the regional resources are saturated and the user access level is lower than that of the common video access (namely, any access type of the original content video access and the offline download access of the user), the use condition of the outsourcing resources is judged.
Furthermore, when determining that the outsourced resource is saturated, flexibly processing the user access according to the user access level, so that the scheduling subunit may further be configured to:
when determining that the outsourced resources are saturated and the user access level is the original content video access of the user, controlling the outsourced resources to be used for covering; when determining that the outsourced resource is saturated and not overloaded and the user access level is offline download access, starting an access speed limit and/or peer-to-peer network acceleration mode, and controlling the use of the outsourced resource for covering; and when determining that the outsourced resources are saturated and overloaded, starting a delayed downloading mode.
That is to say, when the overall resources are saturated, performing service flexible processing on offline download access, for example, starting a speed limit and a peer-to-peer P2P acceleration mode, in the embodiment of the present invention, P2P acceleration means that a data download source accessed by a user is not a CDN node provided by a video service provider nearby, but a cache pool provided by each online user, and the user download speed and access experience are generally lower than CDN acceleration; and when the whole resource is overloaded, the delayed downloading strategy is started, so that the playing experience of a user with high priority can be ensured.
In a specific implementation, the above units may be implemented as independent entities, or may be combined arbitrarily to be implemented as the same or several entities, and the specific implementation of the above units may refer to the foregoing method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The streaming media scheduling apparatus may be specifically integrated in a network device such as a server or a gateway.
As can be seen from the above, the scheduling apparatus for streaming media provided in this embodiment first obtains the usage of the covered streaming media resource according to the received access request of the user for accessing the streaming media, and determines the corresponding user access level according to the access request; finally, based on the using condition of the streaming media resource, scheduling the streaming media resource according to the user access level; when the embodiment of the invention schedules the streaming media resources, the use condition of the covered streaming media resources is considered, and the user access level corresponding to the access request is considered, so that the most appropriate streaming media resources can be selected for service, the streaming media playing effect is greatly improved, and the playing quality is improved.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and a part that is not described in detail in a certain embodiment may refer to the above detailed description of the scheduling method for streaming media, and is not described herein again.
The streaming media scheduling device provided in the embodiments of the present invention is, for example, a computer, a tablet computer, a mobile phone with a touch function, and the like, and the streaming media scheduling device and the streaming media scheduling method in the embodiments above belong to the same concept, and any method provided in the streaming media scheduling method embodiments may be run on the streaming media scheduling device, and a specific implementation process of the method is described in the streaming media scheduling method embodiments, and is not described herein again.
It should be noted that, for the streaming media scheduling method of the present invention, it can be understood by a person skilled in the art that all or part of the process of implementing the streaming media scheduling method of the embodiment of the present invention can be completed by controlling related hardware through a computer program, where the computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a memory of a terminal, and executed by at least one processor in the terminal, and during the execution process, the process of implementing the embodiment of the streaming media scheduling method can be included. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
For the scheduling apparatus of streaming media in the embodiment of the present invention, each functional module may be integrated in one processing chip, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated in one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, or the like.
The foregoing describes in detail a scheduling method and apparatus for streaming media according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a specific example is applied in the description to explain the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the description of the foregoing embodiment is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for scheduling streaming media, comprising:
acquiring source information of streaming media resources;
determining the category of the streaming media resource according to the source information, wherein the category of the streaming media resource comprises a local resource, a regional resource and an outsourced resource;
setting priority information of the category of the streaming media resource based on the category of the streaming media resource;
receiving an access request of a user for accessing the streaming media;
according to the access request, acquiring the use conditions of the covered streaming media resources of each category, wherein the use conditions comprise resource saturation, non-saturation, saturation and not-yet-overloaded, and saturation and overloaded, the saturation refers to that the bandwidth use value of the streaming media resources of each category exceeds a corresponding preset threshold, the non-saturation refers to that the bandwidth use value of the streaming media resources of each category does not exceed a corresponding preset threshold, the saturation and not-yet-overloaded refers to that the bandwidth use value of the outsourced resource exceeds a corresponding preset threshold, and the use condition of the whole resource does not exceed the use upper limit of the rated bandwidth, and the saturation and overloaded refers to that the use condition of the whole resource exceeds the use upper limit of the rated bandwidth;
determining a corresponding user access level according to the access request;
acquiring the service condition of each type of streaming media resource according to the priority information of the type of the streaming media resource;
when the local resource is determined to be unsaturated, controlling to use the local resource for covering;
when it is determined that the local resource is saturated, performing the steps of:
when the user access level is determined to be member access, local resources are controlled to be used for covering, and when the user access level is determined to be lower than the member access, whether the regional resources are saturated or not is judged;
when determining that the regional resources are not saturated, controlling the coverage by using the regional resources;
when determining that the regional resources are saturated and when the user access level is the common video access, controlling the regional resources to be used for covering, and when determining that the regional resources are saturated and when the user access level is lower than the common video access, judging whether the outsource resources are saturated;
when determining that the outsource resource is not saturated, controlling to use the outsource resource for covering;
when determining that the outsourced resource is saturated, flexibly processing the user access according to the user access level, wherein the flexibly processing comprises the following steps: when determining that the outsourced resources are saturated and the user access level is the original content video access of the user, controlling the outsourced resources to be used for covering; when determining that the outsourced resource is saturated and not overloaded and the user access level is offline download access, starting an access speed limit and/or peer-to-peer network acceleration mode, and controlling the use of the outsourced resource for covering; and when determining that the outsourced resources are saturated and overloaded, starting a delayed downloading mode.
2. The method for scheduling streaming media according to claim 1, wherein before receiving the access request from the user to the streaming media, the method further comprises:
collecting user access data on the streaming media resource;
determining corresponding access types according to the user access data, wherein the access types comprise member access, common video access, user original content video access and offline download access;
and setting the user access level based on the access type.
3. The method for scheduling streaming media according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the usage of the covered streaming media resources of each category according to the access request comprises:
acquiring bandwidth use values of the covered streaming media resources of various types according to the access request;
comparing each bandwidth use value with a preset threshold corresponding to the category of the streaming media resource;
if the bandwidth utilization value is determined to exceed the corresponding preset threshold value, determining that the streaming media resources of the corresponding category are saturated;
and if the bandwidth utilization value is not determined to exceed the corresponding preset threshold value, determining that the streaming media resources of the corresponding category are not saturated.
4. An apparatus for scheduling streaming media, comprising:
a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain source information of the streaming media resource;
a second determining unit, configured to determine a category of the streaming media resource according to the source information, where the category of the streaming media resource includes a local resource, a regional resource, and an outsourced resource;
a first setting unit, configured to set priority information of a category of the streaming media resource based on the category of the streaming media resource;
a receiving unit, configured to receive an access request from a user to access a streaming media;
a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain, according to the access request, usage conditions of covered streaming media resources of each category, where the usage conditions include resource saturation, non-saturation, saturation and not yet overloaded, and saturation and overloaded, where the saturation indicates that a bandwidth usage value of the streaming media resource of each category exceeds a corresponding preset threshold, the non-saturation indicates that a bandwidth usage value of the streaming media resource of each category does not exceed a corresponding preset threshold, the saturation and not yet overloaded indicates that a bandwidth usage value of the outsourced resource exceeds a corresponding preset threshold, and a usage condition of the entire resource does not exceed an upper usage limit of a rated bandwidth, and the saturation and overloaded indicates that a usage condition of the entire resource exceeds an upper usage limit of the rated bandwidth;
a first determining unit, configured to determine, according to the access request, a corresponding user access level;
the scheduling unit comprises a first acquiring subunit and a scheduling subunit;
the first acquiring subunit is configured to acquire a use condition of each category of streaming media resource according to the priority information of the category of the streaming media resource;
the scheduling subunit is configured to, when it is determined that the local resource is not saturated, control to use the local resource for coverage, and when it is determined that the local resource is saturated, execute the following steps: when the local resource is determined to be saturated and the user access level is determined to be member access, the local resource is controlled to be used for covering; when the user access level is lower than the member access level, judging whether the regional resources are saturated; when determining that the regional resources are not saturated, controlling the regional resources to be used for covering, and when determining that the regional resources are saturated and the user access level is the common movie and video access, controlling the regional resources to be used for covering; when the regional resources are determined to be saturated and the user access level is lower than that of the common video access, judging whether the outsourcing resources are saturated or not; when determining that the outsource resource is not saturated, controlling to use the outsource resource for covering; when determining that the outsourced resource is saturated, flexibly processing the user access according to the user access level, wherein the flexibly processing comprises the following steps: when determining that the outsourced resources are saturated and the user access level is the original content video access of the user, controlling the outsourced resources to be used for covering; when determining that the outsourced resource is saturated and not overloaded and the user access level is offline download access, starting an access speed limit and/or peer-to-peer network acceleration mode, and controlling the use of the outsourced resource for covering; and when determining that the outsourced resources are saturated and overloaded, starting a delayed downloading mode.
5. The apparatus for scheduling streaming media according to claim 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
a collecting unit for collecting user access data on the streaming media resource;
a third determining unit, configured to determine, according to the user access data, a corresponding access type, where the access type includes member access, general video access, user original content video access, and offline download access;
and the second setting unit is used for setting the user access level based on the access type.
6. The streaming media scheduling apparatus of claim 4, wherein the first obtaining unit comprises:
a second obtaining subunit, configured to obtain, according to the access request, bandwidth usage values of the covered streaming media resources of each category;
the comparison subunit is used for comparing each bandwidth use value with a preset threshold corresponding to the category streaming media resource;
the first determining subunit is configured to determine that the streaming media resource of the corresponding category is saturated if it is determined that the bandwidth usage value exceeds the corresponding preset threshold;
and the second determining subunit is configured to determine that the streaming media resource of the corresponding category is not saturated if it is determined that the bandwidth usage value does not exceed the corresponding preset threshold.
7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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| CN106162258A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 乐视控股（北京）有限公司 | The control method of a kind of audio video transmission overload and device |
| CN109962948B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2022-06-03 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | P2P task processing method and device |
| CN109698928B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2021-04-13 | 贵阳朗玛信息技术股份有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting video stream in video conference system |
| CN111510491B (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2023-10-13 | 花瓣云科技有限公司 | Resource access method, cache server, storage medium and electronic device |
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