CN105607003A - Energy storage unit capacity test method - Google Patents
Energy storage unit capacity test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105607003A CN105607003A CN201410663155.3A CN201410663155A CN105607003A CN 105607003 A CN105607003 A CN 105607003A CN 201410663155 A CN201410663155 A CN 201410663155A CN 105607003 A CN105607003 A CN 105607003A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy storage unit capacity test method comprising the following steps: preprocessing battery pack strings in an energy storage unit, and discharging the whole energy storage unit until the state of charge is 0; setting the charging cut-off voltage or discharging cut-off voltage of the battery pack strings or single batteries at the end of charging or discharging; charging or discharging the energy storage unit, and when any battery pack string or single battery reaches the set charging cut-off voltage or discharging cut-off voltage, adjusting the charging or discharging power until the battery pack string or single battery reaches the maximum or minimum value in the normal working range of the batteries; in the process of charging or discharging, recording the voltage value and the current value of the energy storage unit, and calculating the test capacity values of the energy storage unit; calculating the difference of three adjacent test capacity values; and if the difference is smaller than a set value, ending test and calculating the average value of the three test capacity values to get the capacity value of the energy storage unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power domain, espespecially a kind of energy-storage units capacity test method.
Background technology
In energy-storage system, in the energy-accumulating power station performance parameter that many attendants pay close attention to, can directly embody energy storageThe parameter of system power generation performance is the active volume of energy-storage system. Whether energy-storage system has enough capacity, is related toWhether energy-storage system can complete various functions according to initial designs, and the operations staff of energy-accumulating power station is according to active volumeSize is carried out decision-making to the method for operation, and capacity is the important evidence that battery is safeguarded simultaneously, directly instructs existingField maintenance work.
The capacity of battery refers to the electric weight that can obtain from battery under certain discharging condition. Lithium battery capacityBe not invariable parameter, its Changing Pattern is non-linear, and it can be decayed with the increase of cycle-index, is subject to simultaneouslyTo the impact of multiple factors. The attenuation degree of the capacity of energy-storage system not only battery cell performance is relevant, also with in groupsPerformance is relevant. Its influence factor, from battery cell, is mainly charging and discharging lithium battery electric current and voltage, using methodAnd environmental factor; System from groups, performance degradation speed and burst mode, environment, occupation mode etc.Relevant. On the other hand, the size of capacity is relevant to method of testing again. For same lithium battery monomer or energy storage systemSystem, in the method for testing difference of synchronization capacity, its amount of capacity is also variant.
Form at present the comparatively complete volume test standard for lithium battery monomer, lithium battery module both at home and abroad.For example ISO12405:2012 " electric road vehicle lithium-ion-power cell bag and battery system test rule in the worldModel ", the standard IEC 62660-1 that passed through in 2012 of IEC " auxiliary lithium-ion electric for the driving of electric road vehiclePond Part I: performance test " etc., domestic mainly contain QC T743-2006 " lithium ion electric power storage used for electric vehiclePond ", QB/T2502-2000 " lithium ion battery generic specification ", " lithium ion power used for electric vehicle holds national standardBattery system " etc., the capacity test method of this class standard discusses in detail in document [2].
For the standard of energy storage system capacity test, current domestic two series standards that mainly contain: the one, national gridQ/GDW676-2011 " energy-storage system access power distribution network in company standard energy-storage system access power distribution network series standardTest specification "; The 2nd, large capacity energy-accumulating power station series professional standard, at present also in the stage of submitting to a higher level for approval or revision. These two standardsFor being defined as of energy storage system capacity method of testing: a) energy-storage system is with rated power, 1 multiplying power electric current, specifiedThe electric discharge of one of the combination of power-constant voltage or 1 multiplying power electric current-four kinds of patterns of constant voltage combination, reaches discharge off condition,Idle machine moves to stable state; B) energy-storage system is with rated power, 1 multiplying power electric current, the combination of rated power-constant voltageOr the charging of one of four kinds of patterns of 1 multiplying power electric current-constant voltage combination, reaching charging termination condition, idle machine moves to stableState; C) with same charge and discharge mode retest step a, b, when the discharge capacity in 3 continuous circulationsWhile differing in 2% scope, stop test.
Also difference to some extent of the capacity test method of current domestic main flow lithium battery energy storage battery producer defined, table 1 has been enumeratedFour energy storage producers are in the method for carrying out the volume test using when energy-storage system is safeguarded.
Table 1 Some Domestic lithium battery producer capacity test method
Comprise the energy storage forms such as all kinds of electrochemistry, electromagnetism due to the scope of application of standard, consider system performance difference,Existing standard does not provide volume test cut-off condition and definite charge and discharge mode, therefore in the time that engineering is applied, goes backThere is certain limitation.
Summary of the invention
In the time that engineering is applied, also have certain limitation in order to overcome existing capacity test method, the present invention passes through domesticThe research of outer energy-storage system testing standard, to the investigation of domestic main flow energy storage producer capacity test method, in conjunction with repeatedly existingThe capacity test that wind-light storage Demonstration Station carries out, has proposed to be applicable to various structure energy storage system capacity method of testings.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of energy-storage units capacity test method, described method comprises: stepRapid 1, the battery pack string in described energy-storage units is carried out to pretreatment, described energy-storage units entirety is discharged to charged shapeState is 0; Step 2, is set in charging latter stage or discharges latter stage, the charge cutoff voltage of battery pack string or cellOr discharge cut-off voltage; Step 3, carries out charge or discharge to described energy-storage units, when a certain battery pack string wherein orWhen battery cell reaches charge cutoff voltage that described step 2 sets or discharge cut-off voltage, adjust charge power or putElectrical power, until a certain battery pack string or battery cell reach maximum or the minimum of a value of battery normal range of operation; StepRapid 4, in the charge or discharge process of step 3, record energy-storage units ground voltage value and current value, calculate and obtain instituteState the test capacity value of energy-storage units; Step 5, repeated execution of steps 3 and step 4, calculate and obtain described energy storage listMultiple test capacity values of unit; Step 6, in calculation procedure 5 adjacent three times carry out obtain three test capacity values itBetween difference; Step 7, if described difference is less than a setting numerical value, finishes to test and calculate described three tests and holdsThe mean value of value, obtains energy-storage units capability value; If described difference is greater than a setting numerical value, return to step 5Continue to obtain the capability value of another energy-storage units, and calculate and the capability value phase of described another energy-storage units by step 6The adjacent difference of carrying out between three test capacity values that obtain for three times.
Energy-storage units capacity test method of the present invention is investigated and field trial by a large amount of standards, has proposed to be applicable to largeThe capacity test method of capacity lithium battery energy storage battery system, can control respectively battery bunch for DC side DC-DC circuitCircuit, cut-off condition is that arbitrary monomer reaches blanking voltage or arbitrary whole group of voltage reaches blanking voltage, blanking voltageSelected should be a little less than battery management system (BMS, BatteryManagementSystem) protection voltage, andTest duration has been shortened in volume test of the present invention, discharges and recharges and falls power fortune latter stage using 20% rated power as step-lengthOK, obtain and more discharge and recharge time data in latter stage, also tested energy storage unit has been carried out to test of many times test simultaneously,More be conducive to carry out data analysis in the later stage and search abnormal monomer, the performance of energy-storage system obviously improves.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, noForm limitation of the invention. In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the energy-storage units capacity test method flow chart of one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below coordinate preferred embodiment graphic and of the present invention, further set forth the present invention for reaching predetermined goal of the invention instituteThe technological means of taking.
Fig. 1 is the energy-storage units capacity test method flow chart of one embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 1, the method bagDraw together:
Step 1, carries out pretreatment to the battery pack string in energy-storage units, and energy-storage units entirety is discharged to state-of-chargeBe 0;
Step 2, is set in charging latter stage or electric discharge latter stage, the charge cutoff voltage of battery pack string or cell or putElectricity blanking voltage;
Step 3, carries out charge or discharge to energy-storage units, when wherein a certain battery pack string or battery cell reach stepWhen 2 charge cutoff voltages of setting or discharge cut-off voltage, adjust charge power or discharge power, until a certain batteryGroup string or battery cell reach maximum or the minimum of a value of battery normal range of operation;
Step 4, in the charge or discharge process of step 3, records energy-storage units ground voltage value and current value, calculatesObtain the test capacity value of energy-storage units;
Step 5, repeated execution of steps 3 and step 4, calculate the multiple test capacity values that obtain energy-storage units;
Step 6, the adjacent difference of carrying out between three test capacity values that obtain for three times in calculation procedure 5;
Step 7, if difference is less than a setting numerical value, finishes to test and calculate the mean value of three test capacity values,Obtain energy-storage units capability value;
If difference is greater than a setting numerical value, returns to step 5 and continue to obtain the capability value of another energy-storage units, and pass throughStep 6 is calculated poor between three test capacity values carrying out acquisitions for three times adjacent with the capability value of another energy-storage unitsValue.
In step 1, pretreated concrete steps are as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2 capacity test pre-treatment step
In step 1, pretreated object is by basically identical uneven state-of-charge each battery pack string adjustment,And entirety to be discharged to SOC be 0%, sufficient standing, makes tested unit performance in stable state, is follow-up capacityTest is prepared. Pretreated method is that listed table 2 step is repeated twice.
In step 2, when be charging the latter stage of charging, state-of-charge is greater than during 90%; Electric discharge latter stage is when electric discharge lotusElectricity condition is less than during 10%.
In step 4, the formula that calculates the test capacity value utilization that obtains energy-storage units is as follows:
Wherein, ETestEnergy-storage units capacity, Wh;
t0For charge or discharge zero hours, s;
t1For charge or discharge finish times, s;
U (t) for energy-storage battery in the time carrying out volume test, DC side total voltage, V;
I (t) for energy-storage battery in the time carrying out volume test, DC side total current size, A.
For above-mentioned energy-storage units capacity test method is more clearly explained, below in conjunction with a concrete realityTo execute example and describe, but to it should be noted that this embodiment does not form the present invention in order illustrating betterThe present invention is limited improperly.
Integrating step 1, carries out pretreatment to energy-storage units.
Integrating step 2 and step 3, the present invention is in the design in capacity test flow process, and the present invention is mainly for charging and dischargingElectricity strategy and cut-off condition have been made improvement.
The design improvement of cut-off condition:
The current transformer that the design improvement of cut-off condition can be used for high-capacity lithium battery energy-storage system has various topological structures, fromOn the topological structure of Power Electronic Circuit, be divided into single stage type and two-stage type, single stage type current transformer is by an AC-DC circuitComposition, this structure is from the control angle of battery pack string, and its topmost feature is all battery pack strings of DC sideMust unifiedly control. And two-stage type current transformer is made up of jointly AC-DC and DC-DC circuit, when there being multiple DC-DCWhen current parallel, can control respectively DC side battery pack string, a certain group of string reaches cut-off condition and can quit work,Other group strings continue to charge and discharge, until all groups of strings reach cut-off condition. Therefore ought discharge and recharge the large and battery pack of powerWhen string uniformity differs greatly, each battery pack string of two-stage type current transformer energy-storage units can be out of service one by one, retreats mostThe electric current that the group string going out bears enlarges markedly, and this is for ensureing that battery life is disadvantageous.
Therefore the present invention, in order to ensure to greatest extent cell safety, is decided to be whole by the cut-off condition unification of various topological structuresUnder individual high capacity cell energy-storage system (PCS, PowerConversionSystem), any one battery cell reachesReach blanking voltage to blanking voltage or any Battery pack group string.
Two kinds of delimitation modes of the upper and lower existence of voltage in general energy-storage system, the one, from the angle of the normal work of battery, provideCell operating voltage range, general domestic main flow lithium battery producer lower voltage limit is 2.5-2.8V left and right, on voltageBe limited to 3.6-3.8V left and right; The 2nd, battery management system cell voltage overload alarm protection value, the each producer of setting of this valueDifferent, what have is identical with battery normal range of operation, and some producers scope is greater than battery normal range of operation 0.1VLeft and right, for the protection to battery and produced on-site service requirement, cut-off condition is set to battery normal range of operation,Should be higher than cell voltage overload alarm protection value.
Discharging and recharging tactful improvement:
The strategy regulation that discharges and recharges in relevant criterion during for volume test is substantially same pattern and charges and discharge, herein manyIn inferior test, find, for the energy-storage system that has moved a period of time, uniformity is deteriorated to some extent, if with oneMode (as rated power) charges and discharge, and discharging and recharging latter stage, (SOC (state-of-charge) is greater than 90% or be less than10%) can reach very soon cut-off condition, and can more highlight at the monomer that discharges and recharges property abnormality in latter stage, if charged and dischargedElectricity time in latter stage short data is few, is unfavorable for searching while carrying out data analysis in the later stage abnormal monomer.
Therefore the present invention has designed the strategy that discharges and recharges that carries out downrating latter stage discharging and recharging. Charging and discharging currents moreFew, be more conducive to battery and be full of fully or emptying, discharge and recharge the time also longer. Therefore consider each side factor,Design using 20% rated power as step-length, carried out downrating latter stage discharging and recharging, with wind-light storage energy-storage systemFor example, a charge and discharge cycles can be controlled in 8 hours.
Energy-storage units taking current transformer rated power 250KW, battery normal working voltage scope as 2.5-3.6V is as example,Discharge and recharge flow process as shown in table 3.
Table 3 capacity test flow process
In table 3, when in charge and discharge process, when the blanking voltage reaching increases gradually (charging) or reduces (electric discharge),The each adjustment of power parameter is changed to 20%, and in the time that the 5th is adjusted, battery cell is about to reach the battery model of normally workingEnclose, continue to discharge and recharge so retain 10KW, be beneficial to battery and be full of fully or emptying.
Integrating step 4, step 5, step 6, do loop test three times according to table 3 step, checks electric discharge appearance three timesAmount difference.
Integrating step 7, if difference is greater than 2% of a certain capability value, continues execution step 5 again, carries out the 4th timeCapacity test, until capacity difference is in 2%; If three capacity difference, in 2%, finish test.
By these three capability value averaged, obtain energy-storage units capability value.
The capacity test method that this programme provides, both can complete by external volume test equipment, also can be by storageCan unit monitors system log (SYSLOG) data calculate. Two schemes is realized the above-mentioned method that discharges and recharges overall process and is regularlyTo energy accumulation current converter transmitting order to lower levels (without the change of doing on software and hardware), as current transformer possesses edit routine function in advance,Also can discharge and recharge tactful edit routine according to above-mentioned.
Energy-storage units capacity test method of the present invention is investigated and field trial by a large amount of standards, has proposed to be applicable to largeThe capacity test method of capacity lithium battery energy storage battery system, can control respectively battery bunch for DC side DC-DC circuitCircuit, cut-off condition is that arbitrary monomer reaches blanking voltage or arbitrary whole group of voltage reaches blanking voltage, blanking voltageSelected should protect voltage a little less than BMS, and volume test of the present invention shortened test duration, discharges and recharges endPhase, using 20% rated power as step-length downrating, obtains and more discharges and recharges time data in latter stage, simultaneously also rightTested energy storage unit has carried out test of many times test, is more conducive to be beneficial to carry out data analysis in the later stage and search abnormal singleBody, the performance of energy-storage system obviously improves.
Above-described specific embodiment, has carried out further in detail object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effectDescribe in detail brightly, institute it should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention, and is not used in and limits thisBright protection domain, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc.,Within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an energy-storage units capacity test method, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Step 1, carries out pretreatment to the battery pack string in described energy-storage units, and described energy-storage units entirety is discharged toState-of-charge is 0;
Step 2, is set in charging latter stage or electric discharge latter stage, the charge cutoff voltage of battery pack string or cell or putElectricity blanking voltage;
Step 3, carries out charge or discharge to described energy-storage units, when wherein a certain battery pack string or battery cell reachWhen the charge cutoff voltage that described step 2 is set or discharge cut-off voltage, adjust charge power or discharge power, untilA certain battery pack string or battery cell reach maximum or the minimum of a value of battery normal range of operation;
Step 4, in the charge or discharge process of step 3, records energy-storage units ground voltage value and current value, calculatesObtain the test capacity value of described energy-storage units;
Step 5, repeated execution of steps 3 and step 4, calculate the multiple test capacity values that obtain described energy-storage units;
Step 6, the adjacent difference of carrying out between three test capacity values that obtain for three times in calculation procedure 5;
Step 7, if described difference is less than a setting numerical value, finishes to test and calculate described three test capacity valuesMean value, obtains energy-storage units capability value;
If described difference is greater than a setting numerical value, return to step 5 and continue to obtain the capability value of another energy-storage units, andCalculate with the capability value of described another energy-storage units and carry out three test capacity values that obtain adjacent three times by step 6Between difference.
2. energy-storage units capacity test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1,Battery pack string in described energy-storage units is carried out to pretreatment, and it is 0 that described energy-storage units entirety is discharged to state-of-chargeComprise:
Step 11, charges to described energy-storage units, and charge power is the specified of energy accumulation current converter in energy-storage unitsPower, reaches upper voltage limit and stops charging when a certain battery cell wherein reaches ceiling voltage or a certain group of string;
Step 12, leaves standstill described energy-storage units at least 30 minutes;
Step 13, discharges to described energy-storage units, and discharge power is the specified of energy accumulation current converter in energy-storage unitsPower, reaches lower voltage limit and stops electric discharge when a certain battery cell wherein reaches minimum voltage or a certain group of string;
Step 14, leaves standstill described energy-storage units at least 30 minutes, by consistent the state-of-charge adjustment of described battery pack string,And described energy-storage units entirety is discharged to state-of-charge is 0.
3. energy-storage units capacity test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2,When described charging is charging latter stage, state-of-charge is greater than during 90%; Described electric discharge latter stage, state-of-charge was little during for electric dischargeDuring 10%.
4. energy-storage units capacity test method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step 4,The formula that calculates the test capacity value utilization that obtains described energy-storage units is as follows:
Wherein, ETestEnergy-storage units capacity, Wh;
t0For charge or discharge zero hours, s;
t1For charge or discharge finish times, s;
U (t) for energy-storage battery in the time carrying out volume test, DC side total voltage, V;
I (t) for energy-storage battery in the time carrying out volume test, DC side total current size, A.
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| CN109917291A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-21 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A method of utilizing the operating status of battery energy storage system for restoring echelon |
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| CN115149127A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-04 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Method for charging and discharging battery, electronic device, and storage medium |
| CN115833311A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-21 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Energy storage system control method and related device |
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| CN114441972A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-05-06 | 深圳市德兰明海科技有限公司 | SOC estimation method, mobile power supply and readable storage medium |
| CN115833311A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-21 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Energy storage system control method and related device |
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