CN105592523A - Device discovery apparatus and device discovery method for device-to-device communication - Google Patents
Device discovery apparatus and device discovery method for device-to-device communication Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device discovery apparatus and a device discovery method for device-to-device (D2D) communication. The apparatus comprises a receiving module which is used for receiving a resource allocation parameter sent by a network side device and receiving a sending probability indication parameter sent by a network side, wherein the resource allocation parameter allocates periodical resources used for sending a D2D signal; a processing module which is used for determining whether or not to send a D2D signal in the resource cycle of the D2D signal at least according to the sending probability indication parameter, or used for determining a discovery resource cycle used for sending the D2D signal at least according to the sending probability indication parameter; and a sending module which is used for sending the D2D signal in the determined discovery resource cycle used for sending the D2D signal.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a device discovery apparatus and method for device-to-device communication.
Background
In the process of implementing the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the inventor of the present application finds at least the following technical problems in the related art:
in a cellular communication system, the conventional cellular communication method based on base station access is clearly not optimal if the user equipment 1 and the user equipment 2 are close together. In fact, with diversification of mobile communication services, for example, popularization of applications such as social networks, electronic payments, etc. in wireless communication systems, service transmission demands among close-range users are increasing. Based on this, Device-to-Device (D2D) communication modes are receiving increasing attention. D2D refers to that service data is directly transmitted to a target user equipment over an air interface by a source user equipment without being forwarded by a base station and a core network, and may also be referred to as proximity service (ProSe). For users of short-range communication, D2D not only saves wireless spectrum resources, but also reduces data transmission pressure of the core network.
In cellular communication, when two UEs perform communication, the UEs themselves do not generally know the location of the other UE, but establish a connection between the two UEs through a network side device (e.g., a base station or a core network device). For device-to-device communication, establishing a communication link is premised on a mutual discovery between UEs, i.e., a determination that there is a proximity relationship between user equipments. One way to implement device discovery is through the transmission and detection of device discovery signals.
The problems in the prior art include the following:
since the performance of device discovery is related to the load of device discovery resources, for example, when the load of device discovery resources is large, for example, the number of transmitting UEs is too large, it may cause the collision of discovery signals to increase, resulting in the degradation of discovery performance. And if the D2D always assumes a larger load to allocate the discovery resources, the resource waste may be caused. In other words, how to guarantee or improve the performance of device discovery is a problem to be solved in the related art. Similar problems exist for other D2D signals, such as control signaling or traffic data.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present invention are intended to provide a device discovery apparatus and method for device-to-device communication, which at least solve the above problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is realized as follows:
for device-to-device communication based on a cellular network related in the related art, embodiments of the present invention provide a device discovery method and apparatus for device-to-device communication, so as to improve performance of D2D communication device discovery.
An apparatus for discovering a device for device-to-device communication according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
a receiving module, configured to receive a resource allocation parameter sent by a network side device, where the resource allocation parameter allocates a periodic resource used for sending a device-to-device D2D signal; and a transmission probability indication parameter used for receiving the network side transmission;
a processing module, configured to determine whether to transmit a D2D signal within a resource period of the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter, or determine a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter;
a transmitting module to transmit the D2D signal within a discovery resource period determined to transmit the D2D signal.
In the above scheme, the apparatus further comprises: a random number generator for generating a random number;
the processing module is further configured to determine whether to send a D2D signal according to the random number and the sending probability.
In the foregoing solution, the processing module is further configured to determine whether to send a D2D signal according to the random number and the sending probability, where the sending probability value corresponds to a random number threshold; comparing the random number with the random number threshold, and when the random number is smaller than the random number threshold, the processing module determines to send a D2D signal; or comparing the ratio of the random number to the maximum value of the random number with the magnitude of the probability value, and when the ratio is smaller than the probability value, determining that a D2D signal is sent by the processing module.
In the foregoing solution, the processing module is further configured to determine candidate transmission patterns according to the transmission probability and determine one transmission pattern in the candidate transmission patterns, when determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indicating parameter; determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the determined one transmission pattern.
In the above scheme, each of the transmission probabilities corresponds to a transmission pattern set, each of the transmission pattern sets includes one or more transmission patterns, and each of the transmission patterns is used to indicate a discovery resource period used for transmitting the D2D signal in a discovery resource period packet; or,
each of the transmission probabilities corresponds to a transmission pattern representing a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal.
In the foregoing solution, the processing module is further configured to, in a case that one transmission pattern is determined, combine the candidate transmission patterns into a transmission pattern set, and randomly select a transmission pattern in the set, where each transmission pattern in the set has an equal probability of being selected; or,
the processing module is further configured to, in a case that one transmission pattern is determined, combine the candidate transmission patterns into one transmission pattern set, and determine a transmission pattern in the set according to the identification information; or,
the apparatus further comprises a random number generator for generating a random number, and selecting a transmission pattern according to the random number or the random number and the transmission probability in case of determining one transmission pattern; or, the receiving module is further configured to receive a dedicated indication signaling sent by a network side under the condition that one sending pattern is determined, where the dedicated indication signaling includes a parameter for indicating the sending pattern.
In the foregoing solution, the processing module is further configured to determine a transmission period of a D2D signal according to the transmission probability when determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter; determining a period offset value in a set of candidate period offset values, the set of candidate period offset values determined by the transmission probability or the transmission period; determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the period offset value and the transmission period.
In the above scheme, the manner of determining the period offset value includes one or more of the following manners:
the first method is as follows: randomly selected to determine the period offset value; wherein each period offset value in the set of candidate offset values has the same probability of being selected;
the second method comprises the following steps: determining the period deviation value according to the mode selected by the identification information;
the third method comprises the following steps: and generating a random number, and determining the period offset value according to the mode selected by the random number.
In the above scheme, the random number generator is further configured to generate a random number using a pseudo random sequence generation algorithm;
wherein, the pseudo-random sequence generating algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence in each resource period or each transmission period or each resource group; alternatively, the pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence when the D2D signal is initially transmitted;
and/or the initialization parameter of the pseudo-random algorithm comprises at least one of the following: identification, period index, system frame number, subframe/slot index.
The device discovery method for device-to-device communication in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
receiving a resource allocation parameter sent by a network side device, wherein the resource allocation parameter allocates a periodic resource for sending a D2D signal;
receiving a transmission probability indication parameter sent by a network side;
determining whether to transmit a D2D signal within a resource period of the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter, or determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter;
transmitting the D2D signal within a discovery resource period determined to transmit the D2D signal.
In the foregoing solution, the determining whether to transmit the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indicator parameter includes:
generating a random number;
and determining whether to send the D2D signal according to the random number and the sending probability.
In the foregoing solution, the determining whether to transmit the D2D signal according to the random number and the transmission probability includes:
the transmission probability value corresponds to a random number threshold value; comparing the random number with the random number threshold value, and determining to transmit a D2D signal when the random number is smaller than the random number threshold value; or,
and comparing the ratio of the random number to the maximum value of the random number with the magnitude of the probability value, and determining to transmit a D2D signal when the ratio is smaller than the probability value.
In the foregoing solution, the determining, according to at least the transmission probability indicator parameter, a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal includes:
determining candidate transmission patterns according to the transmission probability, and determining one transmission pattern in the candidate transmission patterns;
determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the determined one transmission pattern.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises:
each transmission probability corresponds to a transmission pattern set, each transmission pattern set comprises one or more transmission patterns, and the transmission patterns are used for representing discovery resource periods used for transmitting the D2D signals in one discovery resource period packet; or,
each of the transmission probabilities corresponds to a transmission pattern representing a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal.
In the foregoing scheme, the determining a transmission pattern includes:
the candidate transmission patterns form a transmission pattern set, and transmission patterns are randomly selected in the transmission pattern set, wherein each transmission pattern in the transmission pattern set has equal probability of being selected; or,
the candidate sending patterns form a sending pattern set, and the sending patterns are determined in the sending pattern set according to the identification information; or,
generating a random number, and selecting a transmission pattern according to the random number or the random number and the transmission probability; or,
receiving a special indication signaling sent by a network side, wherein the special indication signaling comprises a parameter for indicating a sending pattern.
In the foregoing solution, the determining, according to at least the transmission probability indicator parameter, a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal includes:
determining the transmission period of the D2D signal according to the transmission probability;
determining a period offset value in a set of candidate period offset values, the set of candidate period offset values determined by the transmission probability or the transmission period;
determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the period offset value and the transmission period.
In the above scheme, the manner of determining the period offset value includes one or more of the following manners:
the first method is as follows: randomly selected to determine the period offset value; wherein each period offset value in the set of candidate offset values has the same probability of being selected;
the second method comprises the following steps: determining the period deviation value according to the mode selected by the identification information;
the third method comprises the following steps: and generating a random number, and determining the period offset value according to the mode selected by the random number.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises:
generating a random number according to a pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm;
the pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence in each resource period or each sending period or each resource group; alternatively, the pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence when the D2D signal is initially transmitted;
and/or the initialization parameter of the pseudo-random algorithm comprises at least one of the following: identification, period index, system frame number, subframe/slot index.
The device discovery apparatus for device-to-device communication according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a receiving module, configured to receive a resource allocation parameter sent by a network side device, where the resource allocation parameter allocates a periodic resource used for sending a D2D signal; and a transmission probability indication parameter used for receiving the network side transmission; a processing module, configured to determine whether to transmit a D2D signal within a resource period of the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter, or determine a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter; a transmitting module to transmit the D2D signal within a discovery resource period determined to transmit the D2D signal.
By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the problem of sending the D2D signal during device-to-device communication can be solved, so that the discovery performance of the device can be ensured or improved, the discovery delay can be controlled, and the problem of larger discovery delay when the discovery probability is smaller can be avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cellular network deployment in the related art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of the embodiment of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The techniques described herein are applicable to a cellular wireless communication system or network. A common cellular wireless communication system may be based on a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) technology, a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) technology, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) technology, a single carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) technology, or the like. For example, the third generation communication technology (3GPP, 3rd generation partnership project) Long Term Evolution (LTE), long term evolution Advanced (LTE-a), downlink (or referred to as forward link) of the cellular communication system is based on OFDMA technology, and uplink (or referred to as reverse link) is based on SC-FDMA multiple access technology. It is possible in the future to support hybrid multiple access techniques on one link.
In the OFDMA/SC-FDMA system, a radio resource (radio resource) for communication is a two-dimensional form of time-frequency. For example, for the LTE/LTE-a system, the communication resources of the uplink and downlink are divided in the time direction by radio frame (radioframe), each radio frame (radioframe) has a length of 10ms, and includes 10 subframes (sub-frames) with a length of 1ms, and each subframe includes two slots (slots) with a length of 0.5ms, as shown in fig. 1. And each slot may include 6 or 7 OFDM or SC-FDM symbols depending on a configuration of a Cyclic Prefix (CP).
In the frequency direction, resources are divided in units of subcarriers (subcarriers), and specifically, in communication, the minimum unit of frequency domain resource allocation is RB (resource block) and corresponds to one PRB (physical RB) of a physical resource. One PRB includes 12 sub-carriers in the frequency domain, corresponding to one slot (slot) in the time domain. Two PRBs adjacent in the time domain within a subframe are called a PRB pair (PRBpair). The resource corresponding to one subcarrier on each OFDM/SC-FDM symbol is called a Resource Element (RE).
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of network deployment of a cellular wireless communication system in the related art. In fig. 1, this may be a 3gpp LTE/LTE-a system, or other cellular wireless communication technology. In an access network of a cellular wireless communication system, a network device generally includes a certain number of base stations (or referred to as node B, NodeB, or evolved node B, evolvedNodeB, eNB, or enhanced node B (eNB, enhancedNodeB), and other network entities (network entities) or network elements (network elements), or, in general, 3GPP may also collectively refer to a network-side evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), where the base stations also include low power nodes (LPN, LowPowerNode) in the network, such as pico cells or home base stations (pico, Relay, HeNB, HomeeNB, etc.), which may also be referred to as small cells (small cells), for simplicity of description, only 3 base stations are shown in fig. 1, and a coverage signal of the base stations is provided in a certain range, and is referred to as a coverage signal coverage device (user coverage device, or user coverage device, user equipment, UE, or device) may communicate wirelessly with the base station. The wireless signal coverage area of a base station may be divided into one or more cell cells or sector sectors based on some criteria, such as possibly three cells.
Device discovery is a key technology in D2D communication, i.e., UEs conducting D2D communication first need to implement mutual discovery, referred to herein as discovery of D2D communication or D2D discovery or device discovery. Herein, device discovery is achieved by transmission and detection of a discovery signal (discovery signal) between user equipments. In the described embodiment of the present invention, the discovery signal includes a message (message) part, which may be a data packet of a physical layer, or a MAC (media access control) PDU (protocol data unit), etc.
In device-to-device communication, the number of users participating in device discovery may fluctuate. For example, in some time periods, when the number of users is large, the number of users participating in device discovery may be large; while the number of users participating in device discovery during other time periods may be relatively small. When the number of users participating in discovery by the device is large, collision of discovery signals may increase, thereby causing a decrease in discovery performance.
In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device discovery method for device-to-device communication, as shown in fig. 2, including:
step 101, receiving a resource allocation parameter sent by a network side device, wherein the resource allocation parameter allocates a periodic resource for sending a D2D signal;
102, receiving a transmission probability indication parameter sent by a network side;
103, determining whether a D2D signal is transmitted in the resource period of the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter, or determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter;
step 104, transmitting the D2D signal within a discovery resource period determined to transmit the D2D signal.
The network side device may be a base station; the resource allocation parameter can be a high layer signaling or a physical layer signaling, and is sent in a form of broadcasting or special signaling; the transmission probability is a fraction between 0 and 1, and may be equal to 0 or equal to 1, where equal to 0 means that no discovery signal is transmitted, and equal to 1 means that the user equipment transmits a discovery signal in each discovery resource period. In a specific implementation, a sending probability set of the discovery signal may be predefined, and the network side device selects one of the probability sets as the sending probability of the discovery signal according to factors such as discovery resource load. For example, the transmission probability set includes {0.25,0.5,0.75,1}, and the network side device may select 1 discovery signal transmission probability configured as its subordinate cell.
In one embodiment, determining whether to transmit a D2D signal within a resource period of the D2D signal (discovery signal) based at least on the transmission probability indication parameter comprises: generating a random number; and determining whether to transmit the discovery signal according to the random number and the transmission probability.
Further, the length of the generated random number (when the random number is a 2-ary sequence) or the range of the random number is agreed. The random number may be generated based on a particular random number algorithm. When the generated random number is a 2-ary sequence, the length of the 2-ary sequence may be agreed. For example, the length is 10, the generated 2-ary random number is converted into 10-ary random number, and the range is 0-1023, that is, the generated 2-ary random number includes 1024 integers. Alternatively, the generated random number may be a fractional number between 0 and 1. Alternatively, the generated random numbers may be in other ranges.
Further, a threshold value for judging whether to transmit the D2D discovery signal is determined according to the range of the random numbers generated by the agreed random number generation method and the transmission probability. For example, if the generated random number is in the range of 0-a, a is a real number (e.g., a positive integer) greater than 0, and the transmission probability is P, the transmission threshold may be calculated by the following equation: thres ═ a × P. When the generated random number is less than the transmission threshold Thres (or less than or equal to the transmission threshold Thres), the user equipment transmits a discovery signal. For example, if the above random number range is 0-1, the determined transmission threshold of the D2D discovery signal is the same as the transmission probability, for example, if the generated random number is less than 0.75 (or less than or equal to 0.75), the D2D discovery signal is transmitted, otherwise, the D2D discovery signal is not transmitted.
When the random number is a 2-ary sequence, the transmission threshold of the D2D discovery signal may be determined according to the number of random numbers and the transmission probability. For example, in the above example, if the random number is a 2-ary sequence with a length of 10, and there are 1024 (0000000000, 0000000001, 0000000010, …, 1111111111) possible cases of the generated random number, it may be determined that the transmission threshold is Thres — 1024 × P, where P is the transmission probability and Thres is the transmission threshold. When 1024 × P is not an integer, the result of the operation may be rounded, or rounded up, or rounded down. For the user equipment, when determining whether to transmit the D2D discovery signal, a random number is generated and converted into a 10-ary system, and then compared with the transmission threshold, and when it is less than (or equal to or less than) the transmission threshold, the discovery signal is transmitted. For example, when the transmission probability is {0.25,0.5,0.75,1}, the corresponding transmission threshold is {256, 512, 768, 1024}, respectively.
In one embodiment, determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter includes: determining candidate transmission patterns according to the transmission probability, and determining one transmission pattern in the candidate transmission patterns; determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the determined one transmission pattern.
In an embodiment, each transmission probability corresponds to one transmission pattern set, and each transmission pattern set includes one or more transmission patterns, and the transmission patterns are used for indicating discovery resource periods used for transmitting the D2D signal in one discovery resource period packet.
Further, the transmission pattern indicates a discovery resource period for transmitting a D2D discovery signal in a particular consecutive discovery resource period. The ratio of the resource period for transmitting the discovery signal in the transmission pattern coincides (or substantially coincides) with the transmission probability. For example, when the transmission probability is 0.25, 25% of discovery resource periods in the corresponding transmission pattern are marked as periods for transmitting discovery signals; when the transmission probability is 0.5, 50% of discovery resource periods in the corresponding transmission pattern are marked as periods for transmitting discovery signals; when the transmission probability is 0.75, 75% of the discovery resource periods in the corresponding transmission pattern are marked as periods for transmitting the discovery signal.
For example, for a transmission probability of 0.25, the corresponding transmission pattern set includes {1000,0100,0010,0001}, where 1 in the transmission pattern indicates transmission of a discovery signal, and 0 indicates no transmission, for example, 1000 indicates that in 4 consecutive discovery resource periods, a discovery signal is transmitted in the 1 st discovery resource period, and no discovery signal is transmitted in the following 3 discovery resource periods, so that for a user equipment, the ratio of the discovery resource periods in which the user equipment transmits a discovery signal is 25%, which is the same as the transmission probability. Other transmission patterns have similar meanings. Based on this, the transmission pattern can be similarly determined for other transmission probabilities. For example, when the transmission probability is 0.5, the transmission pattern {10,01} or {0011,0101,0110,1001,1010,1100} may be predefined; with a transmission probability of 0.75, the transmission pattern may be predefined as 0111,1011,1101,1110, etc.
Further, the start of the specific consecutive discovery resource period may be determined by the user equipment itself, i.e. different user equipments assume different starts of the specific consecutive discovery resource period; or, the start of the specific consecutive discovery resource period is determined in a predefined manner, for example, from the configuration signaling configuring the discovery resource takes effect, the start of the specific discovery resource period is determined, for example, from the configuration signaling takes effect, the specific discovery resource period is 1 group, the discovery resource periods are grouped consecutively, and the transmission pattern corresponds to the discovery resource period in the 1 group of discovery resource periods. Or the start is determined according to a System Frame Number (SFN), for example, beginning with SFN number 0, where each consecutive specific discovery resource period is a discovery resource period group.
Alternatively, the start of the specific (e.g. n) consecutive discovery resource periods is determined by indication signaling configured on the network side. For example, the network side sends a configuration parameter a _ start, and the a _ start has a predetermined value range. Determining the start of the particular consecutive discovery resource period based on the a _ start refers to determining the position of the current discovery resource period in n consecutive discovery resource periods based on the value of mod (a _ start, n), where mod represents a modulo operation. For example, if n is 4 and mod (a _ start, n) is 3, it indicates that the discovery resource period immediately after or with a certain interval after the configuration signaling is received by the ue corresponds to the 3rd of n (in this example, 4) consecutive discovery resource groups.
Further, the ue determines a transmission pattern according to the transmission probability and the discovery resource pattern corresponding to the transmission probability. The manner of determining the transmission pattern may be one of the following manners: randomly selecting a transmission pattern within a set of transmission patterns, wherein each transmission pattern within the set has an equal probability of being selected; or determining a transmission pattern in the candidate transmission pattern set according to the identification information; or, generating a random number, and selecting a transmission pattern according to the random number or the random number and the transmission probability; or receiving a dedicated indication signaling sent by a network side, where the dedicated indication signaling includes a parameter for indicating a transmission pattern.
For example, under the configured transmission probability, if the candidate transmission patterns include m transmission patterns whose index is identified as 0,1, … m-1, the determined transmission pattern index i is mod (ID, m), and mod represents a modulo operation. The identification information may be an identification of the ue, such as IMSI (international mobile subscriber identity) or a partial field in the IMSI.
Here, a random number is generated, a transmission pattern is selected according to the random number or the random number and the transmission probability, for example, a random number RAND is generated according to a random number generation algorithm, and at the configured transmission probability, if m transmission patterns are included in candidate transmission patterns and the index thereof is 0,1, … m-1, the determined transmission pattern index i is mod (ID, m), mod represents a modulo operation, and m is defined as the same as the above.
Receiving a dedicated indication signaling sent by a network side device, where the dedicated indication signaling includes a parameter for indicating a transmission pattern, for example, a base station sends the parameter for indicating a used transmission pattern to a user equipment, and the user equipment determines a resource cycle position for sending a discovery signal according to the parameter. The base station may indicate the pattern directly (e.g., one of the 4 patterns mentioned above when the probability is 0.25), or indicate the index of the pattern.
In another embodiment, further, each transmission probability corresponds to a transmission pattern indicating a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal within a discovery resource period packet.
Further, the transmission pattern indicates a discovery resource period for transmitting a D2D discovery signal in a particular consecutive discovery resource period. The ratio of the resource period for transmitting the discovery signal in the transmission pattern coincides (or substantially coincides) with the transmission probability. For example, when the transmission probability is 0.25, 25% of discovery resource periods in the corresponding transmission pattern are marked as periods for transmitting discovery signals; when the transmission probability is 0.5, 50% of discovery resource periods in the corresponding transmission pattern are marked as periods for transmitting discovery signals; when the transmission probability is 0.75, 75% of the discovery resource periods in the corresponding transmission pattern are marked as periods for transmitting the discovery signal.
For example, when the transmission probability is 0.25, the predefined transmission pattern is 0001, where 1 in the transmission pattern indicates transmission of a discovery signal, and 0 indicates no transmission, for example, 0001 indicates that in 4 consecutive discovery resource periods, a discovery signal is transmitted in the 4 th discovery resource period, and no discovery signal is transmitted in the previous 3 discovery resource periods, so that for a user equipment, the ratio of the discovery resource periods in which the user equipment transmits a discovery signal is 1/4, which is the same as the transmission probability. Other transmission patterns have similar meanings. Of course, when the transmission probability is 0.25, the transmission pattern may be 1000,0100,0010, or the like. The length of the transmission pattern may not be limited to 4. Based on this, the transmission pattern can be similarly determined for other transmission probabilities. For example, when the transmission probability is 0.5, the transmission pattern may be predefined as 10 or 01, or 0011, or 0101, or 0110, or 1001, or 1010, or 1100 }; with a transmission probability of 0.75, the transmission pattern can be predefined as one of the following 4 patterns: 0111,1011,1101,1110, or other length of transmission pattern, etc.
Further, the start of the particular number of consecutive discovery resource periods may be determined by the user equipment itself, i.e. different user equipments may assume different assumptions for the start of the particular number of consecutive discovery resource periods. For example, the period in which the user equipment starts to transmit the D2D discovery signal is determined as the start of a specific consecutive discovery resource period. For example, when the transmission probability is 0.25, the corresponding discovery signal transmission resource pattern is 0001, the user equipment starts from the beginning, and in units of 4 consecutive discovery resource periods, does not transmit a discovery signal in the first 3 discovery resource periods, and transmits a discovery signal in the 4 th discovery resource period.
In one embodiment, determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter includes: determining the transmission period of the D2D signal according to the transmission probability; determining a period offset value in a set of candidate period offset values, the set of candidate period offset values determined by the transmission probability or the transmission period; determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the period offset value and the transmission period; wherein the method of determining a period offset value comprises at least one of: randomly selecting, wherein each periodic offset value in the set of candidate offset values has the same probability of being selected; selecting according to the identification information; and generating a random number, and determining the period deviation value according to the random number.
Further, the UE determines the transmission Period according to the transmission probability means that the transmission Period (Period _ Tx) is a multiple of the resource Period (Period _ R), the Period _ Tx is Period _ R/P, and P is the transmission probability. For example, if the configured transmission probability is 0.25, the transmission period is 4 times of the resource period, that is, 1 transmission period is used for transmitting the discovery signal in every 4 resource periods; when the transmission probability is 0.5, the transmission period is 2 times the resource period, i.e., 1 transmission period is used for transmitting the discovery signal in every 2 resource periods.
Further, after determining the transmission period, further determining a specific resource period for transmitting the discovery signal. For example, when the UE has a requirement for sending the discovery signal, the UE sends the discovery signal from the 1 st resource period, and sends the discovery signal after every 3 resource periods if the probability is 0.25, and sends the discovery signal after every 1 resource period if the probability is 0.5. Alternatively, an offset (offset) may be set, where the offset ranges from 0 to N-1, where N is 1/P. The offset value may be randomly selected by the UE, or selected according to the identification information (the description of the identification information is as described above), or selected according to a generated random number.
In one embodiment, a random number generation method is provided, including: generating a random number using a pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm; the pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence in each resource period or each sending period or each resource group; alternatively, the pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence when the D2D signal is initially transmitted. The pseudo-random algorithm may adopt a pseudo-random sequence generation method defined in the LTE protocol, or another pseudo-random sequence generation method.
Further, the initialization parameter for generating the pseudo-random sequence includes at least one of: identification information, cycle index, system frame number, subframe/slot index. Wherein, the identification information may be the user equipment identification as described above; the period index is an index of a discovery resource period or a transmission period of a discovery signal.
Further, the period index may be counted from when the user equipment starts to transmit the discovery signal, starting from 0; alternatively, the period index may be cyclic, for example, including K numbers, the index is from 0 to K-1, the user equipment starts to count from 0 when sending the discovery signal, and starts to return to 0 after K-1; or, alternatively, the period index may be cyclic, for example, include K numbers, the index is from 0 to K-1, the index value is configured by a network side device such as a base station, and after receiving a configuration signaling for indicating the index value, the user equipment starts to count the period index according to the value.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a device discovery apparatus for device-to-device communication, as shown in fig. 3, including:
a receiving module, configured to receive a resource allocation parameter sent by a network side device, where the resource allocation parameter allocates a periodic resource used for sending a device-to-device D2D signal; and a transmission probability indication parameter used for receiving the network side transmission;
a processing module, configured to determine whether to transmit a D2D signal within a resource period of the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter, or determine a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter;
a transmitting module to transmit the D2D signal within a discovery resource period determined to transmit the D2D signal.
In an implementation manner of an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes: a random number generator for generating a random number;
the processing module is further configured to determine whether to send a D2D signal according to the random number and the sending probability.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the processing module is further configured to determine whether to send a D2D signal according to the random number and the sending probability, where the sending probability value corresponds to a random number threshold; comparing the random number with the random number threshold, and when the random number is smaller than the random number threshold, the processing module determines to send a D2D signal; or comparing the ratio of the random number to the maximum value of the random number with the magnitude of the probability value, and when the ratio is smaller than the probability value, determining that a D2D signal is sent by the processing module.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the processing module is further configured to, in a case that a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal is determined according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter, determine candidate transmission patterns according to the transmission probability, and determine one transmission pattern among the candidate transmission patterns; determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the determined one transmission pattern.
In an embodiment of the present invention, each transmission probability corresponds to one transmission pattern set, each transmission pattern set includes one or more transmission patterns, and each transmission pattern is used to represent a discovery resource cycle used for transmitting the D2D signal in one discovery resource cycle packet; or,
each of the transmission probabilities corresponds to a transmission pattern representing a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the processing module is further configured to, in a case that one transmission pattern is determined, combine the candidate transmission patterns into one transmission pattern set, and randomly select a transmission pattern in the set, where each transmission pattern in the set has an equal probability of being selected; or,
the processing module is further configured to, in a case that one transmission pattern is determined, combine the candidate transmission patterns into one transmission pattern set, and determine a transmission pattern in the set according to the identification information; or,
the apparatus further comprises a random number generator for generating a random number, and selecting a transmission pattern according to the random number or the random number and the transmission probability in case of determining one transmission pattern; or, the receiving module is further configured to receive a dedicated indication signaling sent by a network side under the condition that one sending pattern is determined, where the dedicated indication signaling includes a parameter for indicating the sending pattern.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the processing module is further configured to determine a transmission period of a D2D signal according to the transmission probability when determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter; determining a period offset value in a set of candidate period offset values, the set of candidate period offset values determined by the transmission probability or the transmission period; determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the period offset value and the transmission period.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the manner of determining the period offset value includes one or more of the following manners:
the first method is as follows: randomly selected to determine the period offset value; wherein each period offset value in the set of candidate offset values has the same probability of being selected;
the second method comprises the following steps: determining the period deviation value according to the mode selected by the identification information;
the third method comprises the following steps: and generating a random number, and determining the period offset value according to the mode selected by the random number.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the random number generator is further configured to generate a random number using a pseudo random sequence generation algorithm;
wherein, the pseudo-random sequence generating algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence in each resource period or each transmission period or each resource group; alternatively, the pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence when the D2D signal is initially transmitted;
and/or the initialization parameter of the pseudo-random algorithm comprises at least one of the following: identification, period index, system frame number, subframe/slot index.
For a specific scenario applying the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the related art relates to a scheme for probabilistically transmitting a discovery signal, where probabilistically transmitting means determining whether to transmit the discovery signal based on a transmission probability when a UE transmits the discovery signal. For example, the candidate transmission probabilities in question include 0.25,0.5,0.75, 1. When the transmission probability is less than 1, it means that the UE may not transmit the discovery signal in every discovery period.
For transmitting the discovery signal based on the transmission probability, how to implement the scheme is specifically, for example, how the UE determines whether to transmit the discovery signal based on the probability value has not been discussed. By applying the above embodiments of the present invention, at least the following three specific schemes for sending discovery signals based on probability can be provided as follows:
scheme 1:
a random number is generated by a random number generation algorithm and it is determined whether to transmit a discovery signal based on the random number and the configured probability.
Assuming that the generated binary random number is 10 in length, the generated random number ranges from 0 to 1023. According to the now supported discovery, probability values (p ═ {0.25,0.5,0.75,1}) are sent, and percentile points corresponding to the probabilities 0.25,0.5 and 0.75, namely 255, 511 and 767, are taken from 0 to 1023. If the configured transmission probability is 0.25, comparing the generated random number with 255, and if not greater than 255, transmitting a D2D signal; otherwise, the message is not sent. Similarly, if the configured transmission probability is 0.75, the generated random number is compared with 767, and if not greater than 767, a discovery signal is transmitted; otherwise, the message is not sent.
The scheme also comprises a random number generation and use method.
Scheme 2:
the number of transmissions of the discovery signal is strictly controlled according to the transmission probability. For example, the configured transmission probability is 0.75, the UE selects 3 discovery cycles in every 4 discovery cycles, and transmits the discovery signal 3 times.
Such as grouping discovery cycles. Grouping can be performed according to configured probabilities, for example, when the probabilities are 0.25 and 0.75, 4 consecutive discovery periods are divided into 1 group; when the probability is 0.5, 2 consecutive discovery cycles are divided into 1 group. Alternatively, the grouping may be uniform regardless of the probability, such as grouping 4 consecutive discovery cycles into 1 group. Here, the consecutive 4 discovery cycles as a group may be common, such as determining the grouping according to the discovery cycle size, the start of SFN 0; alternatively, the packet may be UE-specific, i.e., the UE performs discovery periodic packet from the period when the discovery signal starts to be transmitted.
The determination of which cycles to transmit discovery signals may be in a agreed transmission pattern. For example, when the probability is 0.25, the periods of sending the discovery signals by the UE are [0231], that is, the discovery signals are sent in the 0 th, 2 th, 3 th and 1 st discovery periods in 4 consecutive resource packets with 4 consecutive resource periods as one packet.
Alternatively, a transmission pattern is defined. For example, the transmission patterns at 0.25 transmission probability are 1000,0100,0010, and 0001, and the UE randomly selects a transmission pattern in each resource group (4 periods), for example, when the selected transmission resource pattern is 0010, the UE transmits the discovery signal in the 3rd resource period in the resource group. The transmission pattern when the transmission probability is 0.5 includes 1100, 1010, 1001, 0110, 0101, 0011; the transmission pattern when the transmission probability is 0.75 is 1110, 1101, 1011, and 0111.
Scheme 3:
the number of transmissions of the discovery signal is strictly controlled according to the transmission probability. For example, the configured transmission probability is 0.75, the UE selects 3 discovery cycles in every 4 discovery cycles, and transmits the discovery signal 3 times.
In this scheme, the UE determines a transmission Period according to a transmission probability, where the transmission Period (Period _ Tx) is a multiple of a resource Period (Period _ R), the Period _ Tx is Period _ R/Prob, and Prob is the transmission probability. For example, if the configured transmission probability is 0.25, the transmission period is 4 times of the resource period; when the transmission probability is 0.5, the transmission period is 4 times of the resource period; when the transmission probability is 0.75, the transmission cycle calculated directly by the above method is not an integer, that is, a transmission cycle strictly following the number of transmissions cannot be obtained. If this scheme is used alone, it cannot support a probability value of 0.75.
After the transmission period is determined, the offset may be randomly selected to determine the specific resource period location at which to transmit the discovery signal.
The integrated module according to the embodiment of the present invention may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be essentially implemented or a part contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. Thus, embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is configured to execute a device discovery method for device-to-device communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. An apparatus for device discovery for device-to-device communication, the apparatus comprising:
a receiving module, configured to receive a resource allocation parameter sent by a network side device, where the resource allocation parameter allocates a periodic resource used for sending a device-to-device D2D signal; and a transmission probability indication parameter used for receiving the network side transmission;
a processing module, configured to determine whether to transmit a D2D signal within a resource period of the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter, or determine a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter;
a transmitting module to transmit the D2D signal within a discovery resource period determined to transmit the D2D signal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a random number generator for generating a random number;
the processing module is further configured to determine whether to send a D2D signal according to the random number and the sending probability.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the processing module is further configured to determine whether to send the D2D signal according to the random number and the transmission probability, and wherein the transmission probability value corresponds to a random number threshold; comparing the random number with the random number threshold, and when the random number is smaller than the random number threshold, the processing module determines to send a D2D signal; or comparing the ratio of the random number to the maximum value of the random number with the magnitude of the probability value, and when the ratio is smaller than the probability value, determining that a D2D signal is sent by the processing module.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing module is further configured to determine candidate transmission patterns according to the transmission probability and determine one transmission pattern among the candidate transmission patterns in a case that a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal is determined at least according to the transmission probability indicating parameter; determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the determined one transmission pattern.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein each of the transmission probabilities corresponds to a set of transmission patterns, each set of transmission patterns comprising one or more transmission patterns, and wherein the transmission patterns are used for indicating discovery resource periods used for transmitting the D2D signal in a discovery resource period packet; or,
each of the transmission probabilities corresponds to a transmission pattern representing a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the processing module is further configured to, in the case of determining a transmission pattern, group the candidate transmission patterns into a set of transmission patterns, and randomly select a transmission pattern within the set, wherein each transmission pattern within the set has an equal probability of being selected; or,
the processing module is further configured to, in a case that one transmission pattern is determined, combine the candidate transmission patterns into one transmission pattern set, and determine a transmission pattern in the set according to the identification information; or,
the apparatus further comprises a random number generator for generating a random number, and selecting a transmission pattern according to the random number or the random number and the transmission probability in case of determining one transmission pattern; or, the receiving module is further configured to receive a dedicated indication signaling sent by a network side under the condition that one sending pattern is determined, where the dedicated indication signaling includes a parameter for indicating the sending pattern.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing module is further configured to determine a transmission period of a D2D signal according to the transmission probability in case that a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal is determined at least according to the transmission probability indication parameter; determining a period offset value in a set of candidate period offset values, the set of candidate period offset values determined by the transmission probability or the transmission period; determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the period offset value and the transmission period.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the manner of determining the period offset value comprises one or more of:
the first method is as follows: randomly selected to determine the period offset value; wherein each period offset value in the set of candidate offset values has the same probability of being selected;
the second method comprises the following steps: determining the period deviation value according to the mode selected by the identification information;
the third method comprises the following steps: and generating a random number, and determining the period offset value according to the mode selected by the random number.
9. The apparatus of claim 2, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the random number generator is further configured to generate a random number using a pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm;
wherein, the pseudo-random sequence generating algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence in each resource period or each transmission period or each resource group; alternatively, the pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence when the D2D signal is initially transmitted;
and/or the initialization parameter of the pseudo-random algorithm comprises at least one of the following: identification, period index, system frame number, subframe/slot index.
10. A method of device discovery for device-to-device communication, the method comprising:
receiving a resource allocation parameter sent by a network side device, wherein the resource allocation parameter allocates a periodic resource for sending a D2D signal;
receiving a transmission probability indication parameter sent by a network side;
determining whether to transmit a D2D signal within a resource period of the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter, or determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter;
transmitting the D2D signal within a discovery resource period determined to transmit the D2D signal.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the determining whether to transmit the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter comprises:
generating a random number;
and determining whether to send the D2D signal according to the random number and the sending probability.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the determining whether to transmit a D2D signal according to the random number and the transmission probability comprises:
the transmission probability value corresponds to a random number threshold value; comparing the random number with the random number threshold value, and determining to transmit a D2D signal when the random number is smaller than the random number threshold value; or,
and comparing the ratio of the random number to the maximum value of the random number with the magnitude of the probability value, and determining to transmit a D2D signal when the ratio is smaller than the probability value.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter comprises:
determining candidate transmission patterns according to the transmission probability, and determining one transmission pattern in the candidate transmission patterns;
determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the determined one transmission pattern.
14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
each transmission probability corresponds to a transmission pattern set, each transmission pattern set comprises one or more transmission patterns, and the transmission patterns are used for representing discovery resource periods used for transmitting the D2D signals in one discovery resource period packet; or,
each of the transmission probabilities corresponds to a transmission pattern representing a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein determining a transmission pattern comprises:
the candidate transmission patterns form a transmission pattern set, and transmission patterns are randomly selected in the transmission pattern set, wherein each transmission pattern in the transmission pattern set has equal probability of being selected; or,
the candidate sending patterns form a sending pattern set, and the sending patterns are determined in the sending pattern set according to the identification information; or,
generating a random number, and selecting a transmission pattern according to the random number or the random number and the transmission probability; or,
receiving a special indication signaling sent by a network side, wherein the special indication signaling comprises a parameter for indicating a sending pattern.
16. The method of claim 10, wherein the determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to at least the transmission probability indication parameter comprises:
determining the transmission period of the D2D signal according to the transmission probability;
determining a period offset value in a set of candidate period offset values, the set of candidate period offset values determined by the transmission probability or the transmission period;
determining a discovery resource period for transmitting the D2D signal according to the period offset value and the transmission period.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the period offset value comprises one or more of:
the first method is as follows: randomly selected to determine the period offset value; wherein each period offset value in the set of candidate offset values has the same probability of being selected;
the second method comprises the following steps: determining the period deviation value according to the mode selected by the identification information;
the third method comprises the following steps: and generating a random number, and determining the period offset value according to the mode selected by the random number.
18. The method of claim 11, 15, 16 or 17, further comprising:
generating a random number according to a pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm;
the pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence in each resource period or each sending period or each resource group; alternatively, the pseudo-random sequence generation algorithm generates a pseudo-random sequence when the D2D signal is initially transmitted;
and/or the initialization parameter of the pseudo-random algorithm comprises at least one of the following: identification, period index, system frame number, subframe/slot index.
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| PCT/CN2015/084907 WO2016062138A1 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2015-07-23 | Apparatus and method for device discovery in device-to-device communications |
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| EP3163948A1 (en) | Method, equipment, device and system for sending device detection signal |
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Application publication date: 20160518 |