CN105572202A - Bionic detection device and method for electronic nose time-space smell information - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device and method for bionic detection of temporal and air odor information of an electronic nose, which combines temperature modulation technology and membrane delay technology to construct a gas sensitive sensor array and an imitation air chamber to obtain odor information data of various substances to be identified for subsequent use. Pattern recognition algorithm classification recognition. The invention uses temperature modulation technology to change the sensitivity and selectivity of sensors to different odor components, forms a scanning response process to different components of complex odors, and obtains rich time series signals of different sensors in the array; Breathable membrane/semipermeable membrane, according to its differential characteristics of the diffusion transmission rate of various odor components, imitates the function of biological nasal cavity and mucus, and uses sensors distributed in different positions to obtain this difference, which reflects the spatial information of odor transmission in the air chamber . In summary, the above method obtains the spatio-temporal information of complex odor components and lays the signal foundation for fine identification of complex odors.

Description

A bionic detection device and method for temporal and air odor information of an electronic nose

technical field

The invention relates to a bionic detection device and method for temporal and air odor information of an electronic nose.

Background technique

The electronic nose is an intelligent instrument constructed by simulating the principle of biological smell, such as the Chinese patent application number 201410502332.X. The electronic nose usually consists of a cross-sensitive gas sensor array and a suitable pattern recognition algorithm to automatically complete the qualitative or quantitative identification of odors. It has broad application prospects in many fields such as food processing, medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and public safety. The electronic nose has been developed for more than 40 years and has not been able to move from the laboratory to the actual situation of production and life, or can only simply identify a few specific odors in a given occasion, which is far less than the human nose's ability to identify thousands of odors.

In order to achieve the goal of distinguishing the nuances of different complex odors, the universal electronic nose hopes to have a large number of different types of gas sensors to form a mixed array to obtain rich odor information like the olfactory neurons in biological olfaction. However, the currently mature gas sensors have a single type and a small number of types, and they are not specially produced for electronic noses. As a result, they cannot provide enough original odor information for the pattern recognition stage, and can only achieve rough identification of a small number of pattern types.

Gas sensors currently used in electronic noses include metal oxide semiconductor MOS type, quartz crystal microbalance QCM type, surface acoustic wave SAW type and conductive polymer CP type, etc., but in terms of service life, stability and consistency In addition to the MOS type, other types are difficult to meet the requirements of the practical application of the electronic nose. MOS-type sensors usually require an operating temperature of 300–500 °C, and some reports have investigated temperature modulation methods to improve sensor sensitivity and selectivity, but there is no direct utilization of the entire time-series information acquired in the electronic nose, and no effective models The algorithm is used to deal with it accordingly. The usual method is to extract the features of the acquired time series information, and greatly reduce the dimensionality of the original data to adapt to the common pattern recognition algorithm, thus losing a large amount of odor detail information, which is not conducive to the detection of a large number of similar odors. fine classification.

On the other hand, in the biological nose, the olfactory neurons are not directly exposed to the odor environment, but are located in the nasal cavity with a unique anatomical structure and surface covered with mucus, and the odor molecules are introduced into the air by convection and diffusion through inhalation. , the process depends on the structure of the nasal cavity, the airflow velocity field, the diffusivity and adsorption of odor molecules in the air and mucous membrane layer, and the tissue thickness. Various theoretical models have been proposed from different perspectives in relevant literature. Similarly, the kinetic characteristics of the gas reaction at the positions of the sensors in the electronic nose also depend on the transfer process of odor molecules in the sampling device, and are affected by the structure of the electronic nose air chamber, airflow velocity, and transfer form. However, there are few reports in the current literature that these influencing factors are used to construct the air chamber and sensor array of the electronic nose system, so as to be closer to the biological olfactory reality and obtain richer odor information.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a bionic detection device and method for temporal and air odor information of an electronic nose with reasonable design and combination of temperature modulation technology and membrane delay technology.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a bionic detection device for time and air odor information of an electronic nose, which is characterized in that it includes a bionic gas chamber, a gas sensor and a control module;

The bionic air chamber includes an air inlet joint, an air outlet joint, a tube body and a gas permeable membrane/semi-permeable membrane; both ends of the tube body are sealed; the air inlet joint and the air outlet joint are respectively installed at both ends of the tube body, and are connected to the lumen of the tube body Connected; the pipe body includes S-shaped pipes and reverse S-shaped pipes; the nozzle of the S-shaped pipe is fixed and communicated with the nozzle of the reverse S-shaped pipe, so that the lumen of the S-shaped pipe and the lumen of the reverse S-shaped pipe are connected to form a gas Road; the S-shaped pipeline and the reverse S-shaped pipeline are multiple, connected at intervals, and the multiple S-shaped pipelines and the reverse S-shaped pipeline are connected in sequence to form a longer gas path; the connected S-shaped pipeline and the reverse S-shaped pipeline , the mouth of the joint is covered with a gas permeable membrane/semipermeable membrane, which separates the lumen of the S-shaped duct from the lumen of the reverse S-shaped duct; between the S-shaped duct and the reverse S-shaped duct There is a mounting hole on the pipe wall, and the gas sensor is installed in the mounting hole, and the sensing part of the gas sensor extends into the lumen of the S-shaped pipe and the reverse S-shaped pipe; it is installed on the S-shaped pipe and the reverse S-shaped pipe The gas sensor on the top constitutes a sensing array;

The control module includes a processing module, a working temperature modulation module and a sensor array signal acquisition module; the processing module is connected to the working temperature modulation module and the sensing array signal acquisition module; the working temperature modulation module and the sensing array signal acquisition module are connected to the gas sensor ; The control module includes a processing module, a working temperature modulation module and a sensor array signal acquisition module; the processing module is connected to the working temperature modulation module and the sensor array signal acquisition module; the sensing array signal acquisition module is connected to the gas sensor; the working temperature modulation The module is matched with a MOS type gas sensor. When the gas sensor is a MOS type gas sensor, the working temperature modulation module is connected with the MOS type gas sensor, and the working temperature of the MOS type gas sensor can be modulated.

The working temperature modulation module of the present invention includes a digital-to-analog converter, a voltage follower and a power amplification module; the sensor array signal acquisition module includes No. 4 resistors, No. 5 resistors, No. 6 resistors, instrument amplifiers and analog-to-digital converters; The processing module, digital-to-analog converter, voltage follower, and power amplifier module are connected in sequence; the heating resistor of the MOS gas sensor is connected to the power amplifier module; the sensitive resistor of the MOS gas sensor is connected to the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor, and the sixth resistor. No. resistors form a Wheatstone bridge, and the Wheatstone bridge, instrumentation amplifier, analog-to-digital converter, and processing module are connected in sequence;

The embedded program of the processing module presets a variety of temperature modulation driving signals. The temperature modulation driving signal is converted into an analog signal through a digital-to-analog converter, and then through a voltage follower, the power is amplified by the power amplifier module and then output to the heating resistor, which can realize the work. Temperature modulation; the output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge is amplified by the instrumentation amplifier and converted into a unipolar signal, and then converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter for the processing module.

The pipe body of the present invention includes a sealing head; both ends of the pipe body are sealed with the sealing head.

The invention also includes a gas sampling pump and a waste discharge pump, the sampling pump and the waste discharge pump are connected with the control module; the air inlet joint is connected with the gas sampling pump, and the gas outlet joint is connected with the waste discharge pump.

The gas sensitive sensing array of the present invention includes a mixed sensing array constructed on various principles and types.

The processing module described in the present invention may adopt a single-chip microcomputer or a microprocessor.

The power amplifying module of the present invention is composed of a Darlington tube, or an integrated chip is used.

The voltage follower of the present invention is composed of an operational amplifier.

In the present invention, if some mounting holes do not need to install gas sensors, plugs can be used to block these mounting holes.

Adopt the bionic detection device described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the smell enters the bionic air chamber through the inlet joint, then flows through each pipeline in turn, and finally is discharged from the air outlet joint; the different gas molecules in the mixed smell are flowing through When the gas permeable membrane/semipermeable membrane diffuses in the gas permeable membrane/semipermeable membrane, the diffusion and transmission rates of different gas molecules in the gas phase and the gas permeable membrane/semipermeable membrane are different, resulting in differences in their composition and concentration at different positions in the gas path , Obtain the corresponding differential signals through the gas sensors at different positions, that is, reflect the spatial information of the odor propagating in the bionic air chamber; the working temperature modulation module constantly changes the heating voltage amplitude and frequency of the MOS gas sensor to modulate its work Temperature, thereby changing the sensitivity and selectivity of the MOS gas sensor to different odor components, forming a scanning response process to different components in complex odors, and obtaining rich time series signals of different sensors in the array; spatial information and time series signals to form odor spatio-temporal information; the sensor array signal acquisition module acquires the odor spatio-temporal information of different sensors in the sensor array; the control module uploads and saves the odor spatio-temporal information in the sensor array to the host computer.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: the present invention combines temperature modulation technology and film delay technology to construct an imitation air-sensitive sensing array and an air chamber to obtain spatiotemporal information of complex odor components. Compared with the traditional gas sensor array with a single working temperature and the air chamber that does not consider the influence of odor reaction kinetics, it can obtain richer odor fingerprint information under the condition of a limited number and type of gas sensor, thus laying a foundation for complex odor finesse. Signal basis for identification.

Based on the biological olfactory mechanism as the theoretical basis and engineering practice as the technical basis, the invention changes the odor information detection method and means of the traditional electronic nose system, not only can improve the odor recognition ability of the electronic nose, but also breaks through the limited bionic structure of the traditional electronic nose, It is expected to give birth to new thinking that breaks through the bottleneck of electronic nose technology and promote the theoretical development of artificial olfaction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a working schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an imitation air chamber, a sensor array and a control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the working temperature modulation module of the MOS gas sensor and the sensor array signal acquisition module according to the embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are explanations of the present invention and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

The bionic air chamber 11 includes an air inlet joint 8 , an air outlet joint 10 , a pipe body and a gas permeable membrane/semipermeable membrane 5 .

The pipe body includes an S-shaped pipe 1 , a reverse S-shaped pipe 2 and a head 3 .

Both ends of the pipe body are sealed with heads 3, and they are fixed by bolts and nuts 4, which can be disassembled. The air inlet joint 8 and the air outlet joint 10 are respectively installed at both ends of the tube body and communicate with the lumen of the tube body.

Both the nozzle of S-shaped pipe 1 and the nozzle of reverse S-shaped pipe 2 are equipped with flanges, the nozzle of S-shaped pipe 1 and the nozzle of reverse S-shaped pipe 2 are fixed by flanges, and they are fixed by bolts and nuts , can be disassembled. The nozzle of the S-shaped pipeline 1 communicates with the nozzle of the reverse S-shaped pipeline 2, so that the lumen of the S-shaped pipeline 1 communicates with the lumen of the reverse S-shaped pipeline 2 to form an air path.

There are multiple S-shaped pipes 1 and reverse S-shaped pipes 2, which are connected at intervals, so that they can be expanded to form a longer gas path.

The S-shaped pipe 1 , the reverse S-shaped pipe 2 and the head 3 are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene to prevent the gas to be measured from corroding the imitation gas chamber 11 and ensure the minimum gas adsorption residue.

The connected S-shaped pipe 1 and the reverse S-shaped pipe 2 are covered with a gas-permeable membrane/semi-permeable membrane 5 at the mouth of the connection, and the gas-permeable membrane/semi-permeable membrane 5 connects the two S-shaped pipes 1 and the reverse S-shaped pipe 2 lumen separated. If necessary, the sealing ring can be clamped again to effectively fix and prevent air leakage.

On the pipe wall of the S-shaped pipe 1 and the reverse S-shaped pipe 2, there are evenly installed holes 6. The diameter of the installed holes 6 is similar to that of the gas sensor 7. The gas sensor 7 can be inserted into these mounting holes 6 and fixed. The gas sensor 7 The sensing part extends into the lumen of the S-shaped pipe 1 and the reverse S-shaped pipe 2; the sealing ring can also be clamped to effectively fix and prevent air leakage. If some installation holes 6 do not need to be inserted into the gas sensor 7, these installation holes 6 can be blocked with a plug 9 made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The gas sensor 7 is directly connected to the sensor array signal acquisition module in the nearby control module 14 with a power line and a signal line, and may also have a certain signal conditioning or driving circuit.

The gas sensor 7 installed on the S-shaped pipeline 1 and the reverse S-shaped pipeline 2 constitutes a sensing array.

The present invention improves the odor sampling and the air chamber device according to the kinetic influence of the air chamber structure of the electronic nose on the odor response, and places one or more layers of porous air-permeable membranes/semi- Transmembrane 5. Diffusion in the gas phase presents almost no difficulties for gas molecules. However, it is different in the gas permeable membrane/semipermeable membrane 5. Due to the difference in molecular size and polarity, the relative transfer rate of different odor molecules in the membrane is also different, and some membranes are also selective for certain odor molecules. Therefore, different gas permeable membranes/semipermeable membranes 5 are used, and according to their differences in the diffusion and transmission rates of various odor components, the functions of the biological nasal cavity and mucus are imitated to a certain extent, and sensors distributed in different positions (linear or plane or three-dimensional) are used. Obtaining this difference, which reflects the spatial information of the odor propagating in the air chamber, greatly improves the system's ability to recognize complex odors. Computer software can be used to simulate and analyze the relationship between the chamber structure, the working conditions of the intake pump and exhaust pump, and the airflow field, and select suitable materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene to make the air chamber, so as to achieve the effects of complete exhaust gas removal and less adsorption on the chamber wall.

The air inlet joint 8 is connected to a gas sampling pump 12 , and the gas outlet joint 10 is connected to a waste discharge pump 13 . The opening, closing and flow rate of the two pumps are realized by the control module 14 . The smell can enter the first S-shaped pipeline 1 after entering the air inlet joint 8 through the sampling pump 12, then flow through each pipeline in turn, and finally discharge from the air outlet joint 10; Free diffusion is carried out in the semi-permeable membrane 5; the waste discharge pump 13 can also be turned on to form a certain negative pressure in the rear pipeline to accelerate the diffusion.

The control module 14 includes a processing module 15, a working temperature modulation module and a sensor array signal acquisition module. The processing module 15 is connected with the working temperature modulation module and the sensor array signal acquisition module; the sensor array signal acquisition module is connected with the gas sensor 7 . The processing module can adopt single-chip microcomputer or microprocessor. The working temperature modulation module is matched with the MOS type gas sensor; when the gas sensor 7 is a MOS type gas sensor, the working temperature modulation module is connected with the MOS type gas sensor, and the working temperature of the MOS type gas sensor can be modulated.

The working temperature modulation module includes a digital-to-analog converter DAC, a voltage follower and a power amplification module; the sensing array signal acquisition module includes a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, an instrumentation amplifier IA and an analog-to-digital converter ADC .

The processing module 15, the digital-to-analog converter DAC, the voltage follower, and the power amplification module are connected in sequence. The heating resistor Rh of the MOS type gas sensor is connected with the power amplifier module. The sensitive resistor Rs of the MOS type gas sensor forms a Wheatstone bridge with No. 4 resistor R4, No. 5 resistor R5, and No. 6 resistor R6, and the Wheatstone bridge, instrumentation amplifier IA, analog-to-digital converter ADC, and processing module 15 are connected in sequence .

The embedded program of the processing module 15 presets a variety of temperature-modulated driving signals, which can be selected to generate sine waves, triangle waves or square waves with different amplitudes and frequencies according to needs, and then converted into analog signals by the digital-to-analog converter DAC, and then passed through the operational amplifier OP The formed follower is amplified by the power amplifier module and then sent to the heating resistor Rh to realize working temperature modulation.

The power amplifier module is composed of Darlington tubes (double NPN transistors T1 and T2), and integrated chips such as ULN2804 can also be used.

The output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge is amplified by the instrumentation amplifier IA and converted into a unipolar signal, and then converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter ADC to the processing module 15 . By modulating the working temperature of the MOS gas sensor, the rich time series signals of different sensors in the sensing array are obtained.

The MOS type gas sensor is made according to the principle that the conductivity of the sensitive material changes with the change of the ambient gas concentration and properties at a certain temperature, and the sensitive material is doped with different metals as catalysts to improve its sensitivity, selectivity and stability. sex. This type of sensor has a high degree of commercialization, and various types of products can be obtained in the market, such as Figaro Company in Japan and Hanwei Electronics in my country.

The present invention modulates the working temperature by constantly changing the heating voltage amplitude and frequency of the MOS type gas sensor, thereby changing the sensitivity and selectivity of the MOS type sensor to different odor components, and forming a scanning method for different components in complex odors. In response to the process, a rich time-series signal of the different sensors in the array is acquired. The modulated heating voltage can be output from the digital port of the microprocessor by means of pulse width modulation PWM, or can be generated by the microprocessor and the digital-to-analog converter DAC, and amplified by the Darlington tube current. Different gas sensors can be stimulated centrally or independently by modulating the heating voltage, and at the same time, the sensor's response signal to the odor is acquired with an analog-to-digital converter ADC and a microprocessor. The variation of the heating voltage should be within the nominal working range of the sensor, while the modulation frequency can be optimized through specific experiments.

During the diffusion of the odor in the bionic air chamber 11, it reacts chemically with the gas sensors 7 at different positions in the pipe body, converts them into electrical signals, and transmits them to the sensor array signal acquisition module of the control module 14 through their respective signal lines, and the spatial information The odor spatio-temporal information formed with the time series signal is transmitted to a computer or other embedded host computer through the processing module 15 for signal processing and pattern recognition.

For some types of gas sensor 7, such as QCM type or SAW type, no analog-to-digital converter is needed, but the data is obtained through a frequency meter. Correspondingly, a frequency meter module can be arranged on the control module, usually with a programmable logic The device CPLD/FPGA is designed as a multi-channel signal acquisition circuit. As for the MOS type gas sensor, the processing module 15 and the working temperature modulation module in the control module 14 generate a driving signal to modulate the working temperature of the gas sensor 7 . The driving signal can be generated by the processing module 15 and the digital-to-analog converter DAC, and amplified by a power amplifier module. This driving signal can be a sine wave, triangular wave, square wave, etc. with a certain offset. Generally, the frequency of the signal is low (such as 2-10Hz), and the amplitude is around the rated heating voltage of the sensor. Depends on sensor and test. The driving signal can also be the pulse width modulation PWM output of the digital IO port.

The smell reacts with the gas sensor 7 in the bionic air chamber 11 for a period of time, and gradually changes from the initial dynamic signal to a relatively stable steady state signal, or decides the reaction time by itself to generate a time series signal. The control module saves the odor time series signal and odor spatial information acquired by the sensor array to the host computer. At this time, the gas sampling pump 12 and the exhaust pump 13 should be turned on to "flush" the pipeline until enough fresh air enters, and the remaining gas to be tested is very little in the pipeline, and then the second odor detection can be carried out.

The upper computer can further process the spatio-temporal odor information composed of time series signals and spatial information acquired in the above process, such as digital filtering, normalization, etc., and then extract features and input them to various pattern recognition algorithms for classification and recognition. In addition, in order to maintain the rich dynamic process of these spatio-temporal odor information, it can also be directly input to an olfactory neural network KIII model based on biological olfactory mechanism for memory and recognition without feature extraction. For detailed workflow, please refer to the inventor's published Paper [Fu Jun, Li Guang, FreemanWJ. Electronic nose pattern classification method using time series based on olfactory neural network. Journal of Sensing Technology, 2007,20(9):1958-1962].

The present invention utilizes the film delay and selectivity of the gas permeable membrane/semipermeable membrane 5 in the gas circuit to construct a bionic gas chamber 11, and utilizes the different selectivity and sensitivity of the gas sensor to gas at different working temperatures to construct a bionic sensor Array, through the processing module, analog-to-digital converter ADC, digital-to-analog converter DAC, signal conditioning and driving and other related electronic circuits to control the airflow and sensor operating temperature, and obtain all the gas sensors in the sensing array to be tested at different modulation temperatures The odor response data of the item is used for classification and identification by the subsequent pattern recognition algorithm. The sensor array spatiotemporal information obtained by combining temperature modulation technology and membrane delay technology reflects the propagation and reaction kinetics of components of complex odors in the bionic air chamber 11, and is a richer and more reflective odor characteristic of the object to be tested. space-time odor information. This kind of spatio-temporal odor information can be directly input into some artificial neural networks with spatio-temporal pattern processing without feature extraction, and then classified and identified by classifiers to obtain discriminative decision results.

In the present invention, multiple air-permeable membranes/semi-permeable membranes 5 of different materials are arranged in the air path through which the odor to be tested passes, and various gas sensors 7 are arranged in different linear/plane/stereoscopic positions of the air path. Different odor molecules have different diffusion and transmission rates in the gas phase and the gas permeable membrane/semipermeable membrane 5, resulting in differences in their composition and concentration at different positions in the gas path, and the corresponding signals can be obtained through the gas sensor 7 at different positions, namely It reflects the spatial information of the smell propagating in the bionic air chamber 11.

Generally, the selectivity of the gas sensor 7 is relatively poor. Even a gas sensor labeled to detect a certain gas is sensitive to most gases. The electronic nose just utilizes the broad-spectrum cross-sensitivity characteristic of the gas sensor. In particular, in the general-purpose electronic nose system of the present invention, the gas sensors arranged in the air circuit can be of different sensing principles (such as MOS type, QCM type, CP type, etc.) or a certain sensing principle but with different processes. Model (for example, various TGS-MOS types of Figaro Company). Different kinds and types of sensors are driven by corresponding electronic circuits, signal conditioning and data acquisition.

In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in this specification may be different in parts, shapes and names of parts, and the above content described in this specification is only an illustration of the structure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A bionic detection device for temporal and air odor information of an electronic nose, characterized in that: comprising a bionic air chamber, a gas sensor and a control module; The bionic air chamber includes an air inlet joint, an air outlet joint, a tube body and a gas permeable membrane/semi-permeable membrane; both ends of the tube body are sealed; the air inlet joint and the air outlet joint are respectively installed at both ends of the tube body, and are connected to the lumen of the tube body Connected; the pipe body includes S-shaped pipes and reverse S-shaped pipes; the nozzle of the S-shaped pipe is fixed and communicated with the nozzle of the reverse S-shaped pipe, so that the lumen of the S-shaped pipe and the lumen of the reverse S-shaped pipe are connected to form a gas Road; the S-shaped pipeline and the reverse S-shaped pipeline are multiple, connected at intervals, and the multiple S-shaped pipelines and the reverse S-shaped pipeline are connected in sequence to form a longer gas path; the connected S-shaped pipeline and the reverse S-shaped pipeline , the mouth of the joint is covered with a gas permeable membrane/semipermeable membrane, which separates the lumen of the S-shaped duct from the lumen of the reverse S-shaped duct; between the S-shaped duct and the reverse S-shaped duct There is a mounting hole on the pipe wall, and the gas sensor is installed in the mounting hole, and the sensing part of the gas sensor extends into the lumen of the S-shaped pipe and the reverse S-shaped pipe; it is installed on the S-shaped pipe and the reverse S-shaped pipe The gas sensor on the top constitutes a sensing array; The control module includes a processing module, a working temperature modulation module and a sensor array signal acquisition module; the processing module is connected to the working temperature modulation module and the sensor array signal acquisition module; the sensor array signal acquisition module is connected to the gas sensor; the working temperature modulation module It is matched with a MOS type gas sensor, and when the gas sensor is a MOS type gas sensor, the working temperature modulation module is connected with the MOS type gas sensor, so that the working temperature of the MOS type gas sensor can be modulated. 2. The bionic detection device of time-air odor information of electronic nose according to claim 1, characterized in that: said operating temperature modulation module comprises a digital-to-analog converter, a voltage follower and a power amplification module; a sensing array signal acquisition module Including resistor No. 4, resistor No. 5, resistor No. 6, instrument amplifier and analog-to-digital converter; processing module, digital-to-analog converter, voltage follower, and power amplifier module are connected in sequence; heating resistor and power amplifier of MOS gas sensor Module connection; the sensitive resistor of the MOS gas sensor forms a Wheatstone bridge with No. 4 resistor, No. 5 resistor, and No. 6 resistor, and the Wheatstone bridge, instrument amplifier, analog-to-digital converter, and processing module are connected in sequence; The embedded program of the processing module presets a variety of temperature modulation driving signals. The temperature modulation driving signal is converted into an analog signal through a digital-to-analog converter, and then through a voltage follower, the power is amplified by the power amplifier module and then output to the heating resistor, which can realize the work. Temperature modulation; the output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge is amplified by the instrumentation amplifier and converted into a unipolar signal, and then converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter for the processing module. 3. The biomimetic detection device for temporal and air odor information of an electronic nose according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the tube body includes a cap; both ends of the tube body are sealed with caps. 4. according to claim 1 and the bionic detection device of air odor information of electronic nose, it is characterized in that: also comprise gas sampling pump and exhaust pump, sampling pump and exhaust pump are connected with control module; The gas sampling pump is connected, and the gas outlet joint is connected to the exhaust pump. 5. The biomimetic detection device for temporal and air odor information of the electronic nose according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the gas sensing array includes a hybrid sensing array constructed with various principles and types. 6. The device for bionic detection of temporal and air odor information of the electronic nose according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the processing module can adopt a single-chip microcomputer or a microprocessor. 7. The biomimetic detection device for temporal and air odor information of an electronic nose according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: said power amplification module is made of a Darlington tube, or an integrated chip is used. 8. The device for bionic detection of temporal and air odor information of an electronic nose according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: said voltage follower is composed of an operational amplifier. 9. The biomimetic detection device for temporal and air odor information of the electronic nose according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: if some installation holes do not need to install gas sensors, plugs can be used to block these installation holes. 10. A bionic detection method for air odor information in an electronic nose, characterized in that: the bionic detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted; the smell enters the bionic air chamber through the air inlet joint, and then flows through each Pipeline, finally discharged from the gas outlet joint; different gas molecules in the mixed odor diffuse in the gas-permeable/semi-permeable membrane when they flow through the gas-permeable/semi-permeable membrane, and different gas molecules diffuse in the gas phase and the gas-permeable/semi-permeable membrane Different transmission rates lead to differences in composition and concentration at different positions in the gas circuit, and the corresponding differential signals are obtained through gas sensors at different positions, which reflect the spatial information of the odor propagating in the imitation air chamber; working temperature modulation The module continuously changes the heating voltage amplitude and frequency of the gas sensor to modulate its working temperature, thereby changing the sensitivity and selectivity of the gas sensor to different odor components, forming a scanning response process to different components in complex odors, namely The rich time series signals of different sensors in the array can be obtained; spatial information and time series signals constitute the space-time information of smell; the sensor array signal acquisition module obtains the space-time information of smell from different sensors in the sensor array; the control module will sense the smell in the array The spatio-temporal information is uploaded and saved to the host computer.