CN105572091A - Chlorophyll fluorescence detection device and method - Google Patents
Chlorophyll fluorescence detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105572091A CN105572091A CN201610042179.6A CN201610042179A CN105572091A CN 105572091 A CN105572091 A CN 105572091A CN 201610042179 A CN201610042179 A CN 201610042179A CN 105572091 A CN105572091 A CN 105572091A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chlorophyll fluorescence detection device. The chlorophyll fluorescence detection device comprises an excitation light source for exciting a plant, a camera shooting unit for acquiring plant images, a control unit, and a light shielding space for containing the plant, the excitation light source and the camera shooting unit. The control unit is used for enabling the excitation light source to emit measuring light and acting light of different light intensities by adjusting the duty ratio of drive circuit control signals of the excitation light source, and when the excitation light source emits the acting light, controls signal for measuring light pulses are inserted into intervals of the control signals. The control signals for image acquisition of the camera shooting unit are kept consistent with the control signals for the measuring light pulses. The invention further discloses a chlorophyll fluorescence detection method. By means of the device and method, the plant to be detected is detected and excited through the same light source, real-time and dynamic display of chlorophyll fluorescence images is achieved, and the efficiency and accuracy of chlorophyll detection are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fluorescence detection, particularly a kind of chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer and detection method.
Background technology
Photosynthesis is one of most important chemical reaction on the earth, and it utilizes solar energy splitting water to discharge oxygen on the earth required for the overwhelming majority, fixes carbon dioxide in air for glucose for metabolism provides energy simultaneously.At photosynthetic light reaction procedure, absorbed luminous energy is transmitted.Be converted in the process of electric energy by luminous energy, some luminous energy loss discharges with the fluorescence mode of longer wavelength.Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis have very close relationship, the change of a lot of photosynthesis all reflects by chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll fluorescence measurement have quick, reliable, sensitive, to features such as sample nondestructive wounds, these advantages make it be developed rapidly.
Chlorophyll fluorescence detection process is in the past difficult to meet the condition such as the large intensity of necessary illumination, homogeneity, imaging detection in chlorophyll fluorescence detection process simultaneously, and usable range is restricted.
Authorization Notice No. be CN201310026148 patent document discloses a kind of plant health state testing method based on spectral imaging technology, the step comprised is: first utilize blue light to irradiate live plant from top, excite carotenoid fluorescence and the chlorophyll fluorescence of live plant, with the fluoroscopic image of multispectral camera herborization; Recycling white light irradiates live plant from top, with the visible images of multispectral camera herborization; Image procossing is carried out to the visible images of plant and fluoroscopic image, obtains the gray-scale map at plant leaf blade position; Extracting green glow, ruddiness and near infrared three component fluoroscopic images in fluoroscopic image, calculate color, the textural characteristics parameter of plant leaf blade in three component fluoroscopic images, determining the healthy plant with being coerced; Extract in visible images, the form parameter of plant leaf blade, obtains the exterior contour information of plant leaf blade, determines the complete plant with there being mechanical damage.The light source of this patent documentation Determination of Chlorophyll fluorescence detection process only used led, but is not further detailed, and can not make guarantee to the illumination uniformity in camera fields of view, can not the large intensity of guarantee effect illumination.
Notification number be CN201410290704 patent document discloses a kind of plant disease detection method based on chlorophyll fluorescence and imaging technique and device, this device is positioned in lighting box, blue led lamp is as excitation source, in equilateral triangle structure, the illumination of stable and uniform can be realized, for exciting the chlorophyll fluorescence of plant leaf blade, colored high speed camera and the preposition Red lightscreening plate of adjustable camera lens, for filtering stray light, gather chlorophyll fluorescence image.By steps such as Image semantic classification, Iamge Segmentation and feature extractions, can by blade and background separation, obtain the subimage of the pixel region of position centered by main lobe arteries and veins, and calculate textural characteristics and the vein characteristic parameter of blade, finally by classifier calculated, it can be healthy by plant classification and disease two class.The light source of this patent documentation Determination of Chlorophyll fluorescence detection process employs the triangle arrangement of three LED light sources, does not further illustrate, can not ensure that the illumination uniformity in camera fields of view all reaches, and the large intensity of effect illumination can not ensure.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer, by rationally arranging illumination frequency and the image capture frequency of light source, making plant to completing chlorophyll fluorescence detection while illumination reaction, effectively improving detection efficiency, realizing regulatable detection image Dynamic Announce.
A kind of chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer, comprise the excitation source exciting plant, the image unit of herborization image, control module and for accommodating plant, the lucifuge space of excitation source and image unit, described control module makes excitation source send the measurement photosynthesis light of different light intensity by the dutycycle of the driving circuit control signal regulating excitation source, described excitation source sends the interior control signal inserting measurement light pulse in intermittent zones of control signal when acting on light, the control signal of the collection image of described image unit covers the control signal measuring light pulse.Realize the adjustment of picture-taken frequency by the frequency and pulsewidth regulating measurement light and gather the Dynamic Announce of image.
In chlorophyll fluorescence detection process, need the measurement photosynthesis light providing varying strength, intensity is the most weak, and in order to measure light, work light kind is more, the actinic light that such as intensity is medium and the strongest saturated light of intensity.Utilize the feature that the chemical reaction of plant to light is relatively slow, regulate the dutycycle of the control signal of the driving circuit of excitation source, make single excitation source send different types of light and on average intensity, reach illumination requirement.Excitation source also can emission measurement light separately.
The use CCD camera that the image unit of chlorophyll fluorescence is common, the area of the uniform illumination of excitation source and the visual field size of CCD camera adapt, and ensure the homogeneity of CCD camera whole visual field intraoral illumination.
In order to realize the Real time dynamic display of chlorophyll fluorescence image, between the intermittent zones of LED control signal in (between free area), insert and measure light pulse, simultaneously, the control signal that CCD gathers image covers the control signal of measurement light pulse to obtain chlorophyll fluorescence image, realize the Real time dynamic display of chlorophyll fluorescence image, in order to improve device usefulness, the control signal that CCD gathers the control signal of image and the measurement light pulse of chlorophyll fluorescence is consistent.
For ensureing that surrounding environment illumination is to the interference of fluorescence detection, the relevant process of chlorophyll fluorescence detection should realize in the enclosed environment of shielding surround lighting.
In modulation system chlorophyll fluorescence detection process, using up usually comprises actinic light and saturated light, and preferably, described effect illumination comprises the different actinic light of light intensity and saturated light.Detect relevant light intensity to chlorophyll fluorescence can be divided into and measure light light intensity about 0.1 μm of olphotonsm
-2s
-1, saturated light >6000 μm of olphotonsm
-2s
-1, actinic light is hundreds of μm olphotonsm
-2s
-1.
The pulsewidth measuring light is 5 ~ 100 μ s, and the cycle is 1/8 ~ 1s; The pulsewidth of actinic light is 5 ~ 300 μ s, and the cycle is 2 ~ 4 times of cycles of measuring light; More than the pulsewidth 55ms of saturated light, cycle more than 60ms.
In order to improve the illumination patterns homogeneity of light intensity and light area, preferably, described excitation source comprises multiple LED of arranging around image unit, has the illumination target region of the illumination overlap of all LED in the field of view of described image unit.In order to reasonable Arrangement and mounted LED lamp, described field of view is positioned at the center of irradiation area.
In order to improve homogeneity and light intensity, further preferably, described LED is provided with at least three circles from inside to outside, often encloses and is at least provided with six.
In order to realize the large intensity of excitation source, excitation source is the array be made up of multiple LED.Determine that first the quantity of LED should determine the largest light intensity achieved by single led lamp, carry out by the largest light intensity of required realization the lower limit calculating the number determining required LED, preferably, the total quantity of described LED is obtained by following formulae discovery:
In above formula, E
saturated lightfor using up required largest light intensity, E
bluefor the energy of single blue photons, D
radiusfor the illumination radius of irradiation area, E
lampfor the exit luminous flux of single led lamp, T
conversionfor human eye is changed 555nm wavelength light flux and luminous power, V is the luminosity function to 460nm wavelength blue light.
Meanwhile, in order to realize the homogeneity of exciting light photograph, the arrangement of LED is optimized.Set illumination uniformity evaluation function, pass through constantly Optimized Iterative, the arrangement mode of LED is determined.Preferably, all LED around image unit circular arrangement and the illumination target region of illumination overlap have uniform intensity of illumination distribution.
Preferably, the concrete steps obtaining the distribution of uniform intensity of illumination are as follows:
(1) setting illumination evaluation function MF is:
MF＝WF1×(I-I
0)+WF2×SD
In above formula, I is present lighting intensity, I
0for target illumination intensity, SD is the standard deviation of the intensity of illumination in illumination target region, WF1 and WF2 is the weight in evaluation function; 0.2≤WF1≤0.4,0.6≤WF2≤0.8.
(2) the setting quantity of LED, the radius of circular arrangement are optimized variable, minimum and the maximum magnitude setting optimization range according to the tolerable of circular arrangement radius, make illumination evaluation function MF minimum by optimized algorithm, obtain the arrangement data of LED array.
The optimized algorithm kind that can adopt is more, and preferably, the optimized algorithm in step (2) adopts annealing algorithm.
Exciting light and fluorescence can be thought to occur simultaneously, and fluorescent probe needs to distinguish these two kinds of light.In prior art, general chlorophyll fluorescence spectral coverage is that the feature of red spectral coverage and blade utilize Red and blue light to carry out photosynthetic feature, and the outgoing spectral coverage of exciting light is decided to be blueness.Add Red lightscreening plate before such CCD camera exciting light and phosphor region to be separated.
The invention also discloses a kind of chlorophyll fluorescence detection method, use above-mentioned chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer, comprise the following steps:
(1) open excitation source to irradiate and treat measuring plants, the light that excitation source sends comprises measures photosynthesis light, the control signal of emission measurement light pulse between the intermittent zones of control signal when described excitation source sends effect light;
(2) open image unit collection and measure light activated chlorophyll fluorescence image.
Apparatus of the present invention can realize exciting light according to large intensity and homogeneity, and exciting light and chlorophyll fluorescence are distinguished, the illumination of single light source outgoing varying strength, and fluoroscopic image Real time dynamic display.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Apparatus and method of the present invention, realize detection and excite treating measuring plants by same light source, realize the Real time dynamic display of chlorophyll fluorescence image and higher refreshing frequency, improve efficiency and the accuracy of chlorophyll detection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of excitation source of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the intensity of illumination distribution plan of single led lamp as excitation source.
Fig. 4 is the intensity of illumination distribution plan of excitation source of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is driving circuit control signal and the CCD camera collection graphics control signals distribution schematic diagram of LED of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer of the present embodiment comprises: as the LED illumination light source 1 of excitation source, as the CCD camera 2 of image unit, Red lightscreening plate 3 is provided with before CCD camera 2, the closed box 4 of accommodating plant, excitation source and image unit, export FPGA module 5, computing machine 6 and power supply 7 that control signal controls the dutycycle of excitation source.
FPGA module 5 exports CCD control signal simultaneously and keeps synchronous with the control signal measuring light, and FPGA is communicated by serial ports with computing machine, finally sends control signal by computing machine.The data that CCD camera 2 gathers are processed by computing machine.
LED illumination light source 1 is made up of multiple LED, below for modulation system chlorophyll fluorescence detection process, design LED layout, modulation system chlorophyll fluorescence detection process to required light intensity requirement maximum be saturated light, photon Radar system is greater than 10000 μm of olphotonsm
-2s
-1, this minimum illumination condition that should be able to meet for light source.
The exit luminous flux of the single led lamp chosen in the present embodiment is about 45lm, and the wavelength of outgoing blue light is about 460nm.Consider that the efficiency of light energy utilization is 93.4%, human eye is converted to 683lm*m to 555nm wavelength light flux and luminous power
-2=1W*m
-2, and be 0.06 to the luminosity function of 460nm wavelength blue light, be the light area of the border circular areas (being greater than CCD camera 2 field of view) of 90mm to forming radius, choosing highest luminance photon stream is 10000 μm of olphotonsm
-2s
-1, then required LED sum is at least:
Because LED lamplight flux cannot all enter in the field of view of CCD camera 2, and in order to the adjustment of dutycycle, the quantity of final LED should leave certain surplus on this numerical value basis.The circular arrangement around CCD camera 2 is chosen in the arrangement of LED array, and Fig. 2 is the structural representation of arrangement.Single led lamp distributes as shown in Figure 3 at the field of view plane intraoral illumination of CCD camera 2, and the LED of the above-mentioned setting quantity of the present embodiment superposes in the field of view plane intraoral illumination distribution of CCD camera 2.If present lighting intensity is I, target illumination intensity is I
0, the standard deviation of the intensity of illumination in illumination target region is SD.Weight in evaluation function is WF, then the evaluation function MF that throws light on is:
MF＝WF1×(I-I
0)+WF2×SD
The setting quantity of LED, the radius of circular arrangement or other parameter are optimized variable, according to physical condition setting optimization range, by multiple optimized algorithm, as annealing algorithm is optimized, make illumination evaluation function MF minimum, the final arrangement of LED array can be obtained, illumination profile under final arrangement as shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 and Fig. 3 is contrasted, obviously can find out that the illumination of the LED illumination light source 1 of the present embodiment in light area had both met large intensity, ensure homogeneity simultaneously.
LED is blue LED lamp, and all chlorophyll fluorescences are by measuring optical excitation, and CCD camera 2 only gathers by the light activated chlorophyll fluorescence of measurement, arranges Red lightscreening plate, the blue light of elimination LED while can gathering chlorophyll fluorescence image before CCD camera 2.
Detect relevant light intensity to chlorophyll fluorescence can be divided into and measure light light intensity about 0.1 μm of olphotonsm
-2s
-1, saturated light >6000 μm of olphotonsm
-2s
-1, actinic light is hundreds of μm olphotonsm
-2s
-1.Realize reaching illumination target on average intensity by the dutycycle setting the driving circuit control signal of LED, as shown in Figure 5.Measurement light pulse is narrow, dutycycle is little simultaneously, and the control signal that CCD camera 2 gathers image is consistent with the control signal measuring light, while realization measurement light continues to excite thus, chlorophyll fluorescence image also can be constantly collected, realizes the real-time display of chlorophyll fluorescence image.The dutycycle of actinic light is placed in the middle, and synchronous signal clear area adds measurement light signal, realizes plant thus carry out photosynthetic under light illumination while, also can Real-time Collection to chlorophyll fluorescence image.The dutycycle of saturated light is maximum, can realize the largest light intensity of saturated light, measures the collection that light pulse ensures chlorophyll fluorescence image simultaneously.While shown in Fig. 5 three kind of a different pulse combined achieves and imposes photosynthesis impact to plant, can Real-time Collection to the data of chlorophyll fluorescence, raising detection efficiency and accuracy.
Claims (9)
1. a chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer, comprise the excitation source exciting plant, the image unit of herborization image, control module and for accommodating plant, the lucifuge space of excitation source and image unit, it is characterized in that, described control module makes excitation source send the measurement photosynthesis light of different frequency and pulsewidth by the dutycycle of the driving circuit control signal regulating excitation source, described excitation source sends the interior control signal inserting measurement light pulse in intermittent zones of control signal when acting on light, the control signal of the collection image of described image unit covers the control signal measuring light pulse.
2. chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described using up comprises the different actinic light of light intensity and saturated light.
3. chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described excitation source comprises multiple LED of arranging around image unit, has the illumination target region of the illumination overlap of all LED in the field of view of described image unit.
4. chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described LED is provided with at least three circles from inside to outside, often encloses and is at least provided with six.
5. chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the total quantity of described LED is obtained by following formulae discovery:
In above formula, E
saturated lightfor using up required largest light intensity, E
bluefor the energy of single blue photons, D
radiusfor the illumination radius of irradiation area, E
lampfor the exit luminous flux of single led lamp, T
conversionfor human eye is changed 555nm wavelength light flux and luminous power, V is the luminosity function to 460nm wavelength blue light.
6. chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, all LED are around image unit circular arrangement and the illumination target region of illumination overlap has the distribution of uniform intensity of illumination.
7. chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the concrete steps obtaining the distribution of uniform intensity of illumination are as follows:
(1) setting illumination evaluation function MF is:
MF＝WF1×(I-I
0)+WF2×SD
In above formula, I is present lighting intensity, I
0for target illumination intensity, SD is the standard deviation of the intensity of illumination in illumination target region, WF1 and WF2 is the weight in evaluation function;
(2) the setting quantity of LED, the radius of circular arrangement are optimized variable, minimum and the maximum magnitude setting optimization range according to the tolerable of circular arrangement radius, make illumination evaluation function MF minimum by optimized algorithm, obtain the arrangement data of LED array.
8. chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, the optimized algorithm in step (2) adopts annealing algorithm.
9. a chlorophyll fluorescence detection method, is characterized in that, uses the chlorophyll fluorescence sniffer as described in claim 1 ~ 8, comprises the following steps:
(1) open excitation source to irradiate and treat measuring plants, the light that excitation source sends comprises measures photosynthesis light, the control signal of emission measurement light pulse between the intermittent zones of control signal when described excitation source sends effect light;
(2) open image unit collection and measure light activated chlorophyll fluorescence image.
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| CN110806404A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-18 | 杭州麦乐克科技股份有限公司 | Improved chlorophyll fluorescence detection method and device |
| WO2021212932A1 (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-28 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for acquiring chlorophyll fluorescence three-dimensional distribution information of crop canopy |
| US11327021B1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2022-05-10 | Jiangsu University | Method and device for crop canopy chlorophyll fluorescence three-dimensional distribution information acquisition |
| CN115266661A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-01 | 中国农业大学 | Plant leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameter detection device and method |
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| CN106546568A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-29 | 浙江大学 | A kind of method and device for obtaining plant three-dimensional chlorophyll fluorescence image information |
| CN106546568B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江大学 | A kind of method and device obtaining plant three-dimensional chlorophyll fluorescence image information |
| CN110806404A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-18 | 杭州麦乐克科技股份有限公司 | Improved chlorophyll fluorescence detection method and device |
| WO2021212932A1 (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-28 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for acquiring chlorophyll fluorescence three-dimensional distribution information of crop canopy |
| US11327021B1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2022-05-10 | Jiangsu University | Method and device for crop canopy chlorophyll fluorescence three-dimensional distribution information acquisition |
| CN115266661A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-01 | 中国农业大学 | Plant leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameter detection device and method |
| CN115266661B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2024-07-19 | 中国农业大学 | Plant leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameter detection device and method |
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