CN105547243B - The method that laser directly measures subgrade settlement - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for directly measuring subgrade settlement by laser, comprising the steps of: setting fixed reference positions A and B, where A and B are located on a vertical scale on a reference plane; Located on a fixed vertical ruler on the subgrade to be tested; respectively measure the coordinate positions of fixed reference points A and B, and the distance AB between points A and B; respectively measure the distances AC and B from fixed points A and B to C BC; after subgrade settlement occurs, point C moves to point C', and the distances AC' and BC' from fixed points A and B to point C' are measured respectively; according to the distances AB, AC and BC obtained in steps 2 and 3, in The three sides of the triangle ABC are known, and the coordinate position of point C can be obtained; according to the distances AB, AC' and BC' obtained in steps 2 and 4, the three sides of the triangle ABC' are known, and the coordinates of point C' can be obtained position; according to the coordinate positions of points C and C' obtained in step 5 and step 6, the distance of CC' is obtained, that is, the subgrade settlement value.

Description

Laser Direct Measurement of Subgrade Settlement

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser measurement, and relates to a method for remotely measuring roadbed settlement by using a laser.

Background technique

High-speed railway subgrade settlement monitoring is an important part of the daily operation and command of railway crossings, and it is of great significance to ensure the normal operation of high-speed railways. The high-speed railway ballastless track is very strict on subgrade settlement control, and the post-construction settlement is required to be "zero settlement". Therefore, subgrade settlement control technology has become a key issue in high-speed railway construction technology.

At present, the observation devices used to measure road subgrade settlement mainly include water cup settlement instruments, settlement plate measuring devices, profile settlement instruments, PVC pipe settlement instruments, and magnetic ring settlement instruments. However, these methods all face certain problems to varying degrees, such as high cost, difficult installation, strong environmental impact, easy damage, difficult repair, and insufficient precision.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a method for remotely measuring roadbed settlement by using laser. The method is realized by using advanced laser measurement technology, has a simple structure, is convenient and easy to operate, and can carry out remote measurement of subgrade settlement without the need of CCD, lens or other optical elements. The laser method of measuring subgrade settlement can have the advantage of high precision. There is no need for other optical components in the middle of the optical path, which can avoid multiple errors. The measurement method is simple and easy to operate, and is applicable to situations where the distance between the reference position and the target to be measured is relatively long.

The invention provides a method for directly measuring subgrade settlement by laser, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Set fixed reference positions A and B, points A and B are located on the vertical scale on the reference plane; set the position of the subgrade to be measured at point C, and point C is located on the fixed vertical scale on the subgrade to be measured ;

Step 2: Measure the coordinate positions of fixed reference points A and B, and the distance AB between A and B;

Step 3: Measure the distances AC and BC from fixed points A and B to C, respectively;

Step 4: After subgrade settlement occurs, move point C to point C', and measure the distances AC' and BC' from fixed points A and B to point C' respectively;

Step 5: According to the distances AB, AC and BC obtained in steps 2 and 3, the three sides in the triangle ABC are known, and the coordinate position of point C can be obtained;

Step 6: According to the distances AB, AC' and BC' obtained in steps 2 and 4, the three sides in the triangle ABC' are known, and the coordinate position of point C' can be obtained;

Step 7: According to the coordinate positions of points C and C' obtained in Step 5 and Step 6, the distance of CC' is obtained, that is, the subgrade settlement value,

Among them, the positions of points A and B are on the scale erected on the reference plane, point A and point B are two selected points on the scale, the positions of point A and point B are known, and the distance is AB; point A and point B The scale where the point is located does not move during the measurement process; point C is located on the fixed vertical scale on the subgrade to be measured, and the initial position of point C is unknown to be measured. When the subgrade settles, point C also moves accordingly and settles to point C' .

In the present invention, it is only necessary to measure the positions A and B on the scale at the reference position to obtain the initial position C of the subgrade to be tested and the final position C' to be moved to, thereby obtaining the settlement displacement of the subgrade to be measured, ie CC'. During the test, you only need to measure at the reference position, and you don’t need to go to the subgrade to be tested for on-site measurement, and you don’t need to know the initial value of the subgrade to be tested. The subgrade settlement results can be obtained by remote measurement of the subgrade to be tested, which is convenient and fast.

Description of drawings

In order to further illustrate the technical content of the present invention, the following detailed description is as follows in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for laser direct measurement subgrade settlement of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the roadbed settlement measurement method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1 and referring to Fig. 2, the present invention provides a method for laser direct measurement of subgrade settlement, the method is:

Set the positions of points A and B as fixed reference positions, point C is the roadbed to be tested, and point C moves to point C' after the roadbed settles. To measure the subgrade settlement at point C is to measure the displacement distance in the vertical direction of point C, ie CC'.

The positions of points A and B are erected on the reference plane. Points A and B are two selected points on the scale. The positions of points A and B are known, and the distance between them is AB. Points A and B do not move. Point C is a fixed vertical ruler on the subgrade to be measured, and the initial position of point C is to be measured. When the subgrade settles, point C also moves accordingly and settles to point C'.

Knowing the length AB, the lengths AC', AC, BC' and BC can be measured with a laser rangefinder.

In triangle △ABC, three sides are known. Therefore, the coordinate position of point C can be obtained.

In triangle △ABC', three sides are known. Therefore, the coordinate position of point C can be obtained.

Through the coordinate positions of points C and C', the distance CC' record is calculated, that is, the subgrade settlement distance to be measured.

Referring to Fig. 1 and referring to Fig. 2, the present invention provides a method for laser direct measurement of subgrade settlement, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Set fixed reference positions A and B, and A and B are located on the vertical scale on the reference plane. Set point C of the position of the roadbed to be tested, and point C is located on a fixed vertical ruler on the roadbed to be tested.

Step 2: Measure the coordinate positions of fixed reference points A and B, and the distance AB between A and B;

Step 3: Measure the distances AC and BC from point A and point B to point C respectively.

Step 4: After subgrade settlement occurs, point C moves to point C'. Measure the distances AC' and BC' from fixed points A and B to C', respectively.

Step 5: According to the distances AB, AC and BC obtained in steps 2 and 3, the three sides in the triangle △ABC are known. The coordinate position of point C can be obtained.

Step 6: According to the distances AB, AC' and BC' obtained in steps 2 and 4, the three sides in the triangle △ABC' are known. The coordinate position of point C' can be obtained.

Step 7: According to the coordinate positions of points C and C' obtained in steps 5 and 6, the distance CC' is obtained, that is, the subgrade settlement value, and the measurement is completed.

Among them, the positions of points A and B are on the scale erected on the reference plane. Points A and B are two selected points on the scale. The positions of points A and B are known, and the distance between them is AB. The scale where points A and B are located does not move during the measurement process. Point C is located on a fixed vertical scale on the subgrade to be tested, and the initial position of point C is unknown to be tested. When the subgrade settles, point C also moves accordingly and settles to point C'.

In the method for directly measuring subgrade settlement by laser, the points A and B are two points not on the subgrade, and their heights do not change during subgrade subsidence.

In the method for directly measuring subgrade settlement by laser, the external C point of the subgrade to be measured is any point or multiple points on the subgrade, and its height will change with subgrade settlement.

In the method for directly measuring subgrade settlement by laser, the distances from point A and point B to point C are measured by a laser range finder, which are AC and BC respectively.

In the method for directly measuring subgrade settlement by laser, the distances from point A and point B to point C' are measured with a laser rangefinder, which are AC' and BC' respectively.

The method for directly measuring subgrade settlement by laser can measure the coordinates of point C and point C'.

The method for directly measuring subgrade settlement by laser, wherein the measurement formula of the settlement of the point to be measured is:

︱P _C -P C'︱=L _{CC '}

Among them, L _CC' is the distance of CC'; P _C is the coordinate position of point C; P _C' is the coordinate position of point C'.

The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of method that laser directly measures subgrade settlement, includes the following steps：

Step 1：Fixed reference position A points and B points are set, A and B points are located on the scale erect in reference planes；Setting waits for Roadbed position C points are surveyed, C points are located on roadbed to be measured on the scale of fixed setting；

Step 2：The distance between coordinate position and A, B point of permanent datum A points and B points AB is measured respectively；

Step 3：The distance AC and BC of fixed point A and B to C are measured respectively；

Step 4：After roadbed settles, C points are moved to C ＇ points, respectively measure fixed point A and B to C ＇ points distance AC ＇ with BC ＇；

Step 5：Distance AB, AC and the BC obtained according to step 2 and 3, thus in triangle ABC three sides it is known that C can be obtained The coordinate position of point；

Step 6：Distance AB, AC ＇ and the BC ＇ obtained according to step 2 and 4, thus in triangle ABC ＇ three sides it is known that can obtain To the coordinate position of C ＇ points；

Step 7：According to the coordinate position for the C and C ＇ points that step 5 and step 6 obtain, the distance of CC ＇, i.e. subgrade settlement value are obtained,

Wherein, on the scale that the position of A and B points is erect on the reference plane, A points and B points are two selected points on scale, A Point and the point positions B are it is known that its distance is AB；Scale where A points and B points does not move in measurement process；C points are located to be measured On roadbed on the scale of fixed setting, C point initial positions are unknown to be measured, and when roadbed settles, C points also accordingly move, It is deposited to C ＇ points.

2. the method that laser according to claim 1 directly measures subgrade settlement, wherein the roads A and B Dian Weibu 2 points on base, height does not change during subgrade settlement.

3. the method that laser according to claim 1 directly measures subgrade settlement, wherein the C points in roadbed position to be measured For on roadbed any point or multiple spot, height can change with subgrade settlement.

4. the method that laser according to claim 1 directly measures subgrade settlement measures A points and B points with laser range finder To the distance of C points, respectively AC and BC.

5. the method that laser according to claim 1 directly measures subgrade settlement measures A points and B points with laser range finder To the distance of C ＇ points, respectively AC ＇ and BC ＇.

6. the calculation formula of the method that laser according to claim 1 directly measures subgrade settlement, wherein tested point sedimentation For：

︱ P_C-P_{C ＇}︱=L_{CC ＇}

Wherein, L_{CC ＇}For the distance of CC ＇；P_CFor the coordinate position of C points；P_{C ＇}For the coordinate position of C ＇ points.