CN105526599B - The upgrading of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat utilizes system - Google Patents
The upgrading of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat utilizes system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105526599B CN105526599B CN201610053337.8A CN201610053337A CN105526599B CN 105526599 B CN105526599 B CN 105526599B CN 201610053337 A CN201610053337 A CN 201610053337A CN 105526599 B CN105526599 B CN 105526599B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to power station energy-saving equipment design field more particularly to a kind of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat upgrading using system, sequentially connected burner hearth 10, superheater 11, reheater 12, economizer 13 in boiler；Economizer 13 is connected by air preheater gas approach 8 with air preheater 1；Primary air fan 2 passes sequentially through air preheater inlet conduits 3 and is connected with air preheater 1, and air preheater outlet conduits 4 pass sequentially through heat primary air road 5, pulverized coal preparation system is connected with burner hearth；Heat primary air is set to bypass 6 on the air preheater outlet conduits 4, bypass air-introduced machine 7 is installed in heat primary air bypass 6 additional and keeps hot wind pressure head, and the gas bypass heat exchanger group 14 being connected with low-temperature receiver 15 need to be energized is arranged in heat primary air bypass 6；The outlet access air preheater inlet conduits 3 of heat primary air bypass 6.The present invention is effectively utilized boiler exhaust gas waste heat, improves the utilization ratio of energy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power station energy-saving equipment design field more particularly to a kind of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heats
Upgrading utilizes system.
Background technology
According to the first law of thermodynamics, due to the huge of mass flow of discharging fume, coal-burning boiler heat loss due to exhaust gas is boiler
One big gravimetrical energy loss.The exhaust gas temperature design load of the large sized unit of country's mainstream is 120 DEG C or so at present, and in reality
In the operation of border, smoke evacuation overheating problem is very common, some boiler using brown coals can even reach 160 DEG C or so.Compared with generally existing
80-90 DEG C of acid dew point, fume afterheat, which still has, certain further utilizes space.
Currently used UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN mode is that the condensation water in Turbine Steam water system is introduced after air preheater cigarette of discharging fume
Road directly utilizes fume afterheat heat-setting water.This Land use systems principle is simple, can effectively squeeze low pressure (LP) cylinder steam extraction, reduces
Turbine heat rate.
Although traditional UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is succinctly effective, from the perspective of the second law of thermodynamics, smoke evacuation is remote as temperature
Low-grade heat source less than 200 DEG C, acting ability is extremely limited, this is also the limited root of the actual energy-saving horizontal of traditional UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN
This reason.Specifically, traditional UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is typically only capable to use smoke evacuation heat-setting water system, and condenses the steam extraction effect of water section
Rate is relatively low, therefore energy saving capability is limited.Therefore the technical solution recycled after some smoke discharging residual heat energy levels are promoted is generated in recent years,
A kind of schemes such as heat of smoke discharged from boiler of power station energy transfer Multi-class propagation system of such as Sun Fengzhong inventions, it is understood that the office of smoke evacuation
After limit, the direct application to smoke discharging residual heat has been not content with.This heat utilization mode is substantially to be transferred to smoke discharging residual heat
In the heat-carrying working medium of more high parameter, then for heat-carrying working medium progress heat utilization.Smoke discharging residual heat by upgrading can heat vapour
Turbine water supply system squeezes the steam extraction of more high parameter, so as to bring lower power generation energy consumption.
In addition, directly carry out utilizing that there is inborn inferior position to fume afterheat：First, the heat exchange limit of flue gas is substantially by acid
Dew point determines that further reducing heat exchange limit needs special material or special technique；Secondly, the flying dust before electric precipitation in flue gas can
Can cause heat exchanger dust stratification, abrasion, long-time service will reduce exchange capability of heat, influence the heat exchanger service life, it is necessary to periodic maintenance and and
Shi Genghuan associated pipes.These problems are that traditional smoke discharging residual heat utilization is difficult to avoid that.
At present the air preheater of mainstream often there are cold end it is to be optimized the problem of.Withouyt the air preheater of steam air heater cold one
Secondary wind inlet temperature is generally at 30 DEG C or so, and exhaust gas temperature, then usually at 120 DEG C or so or more, this causes air preheater to conduct heatFor damage in higher level, let alone " to mix cold wind " this kind of to significantly improve unitThe common air preheater hot junction tune of damage
Warm measure.Many energy conservation measures consider the energy utilization beyond boiler usual heat exchanger at present, but for traditional heat exchangers simultaneously
Energy saving optimizing based on the second law of thermodynamics is actually rare.
The content of the invention
In order to by the level-density parameter of air preheater cold-end air recycle smoke discharging residual heat, promote its energy level and be used, with
Air preheater in the prior art is solved to exchange heatDamage it is excessive, smoke evacuation overtemperature, waste heat application be limited and utilize during
The problems such as low-temperature corrosion, abrasion, dust stratification, the present invention propose a kind of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat upgrading and utilize system,
Including：
Sequentially connected burner hearth 10, superheater 11, reheater 12, economizer 13 in boiler；Economizer 13 passes through air
Pre-heater inlet flue 8 is connected with air preheater 1, and air preheater exhaust pass 9 is connected with electric dust-removing equipment；
Primary air fan 2 passes sequentially through air preheater inlet conduits 3 and is connected with air preheater 1, air preheater outlet
Air passage 4 passes sequentially through heat primary air road 5, pulverized coal preparation system is connected with burner hearth；
Heat primary air is set to bypass 6 on the air preheater outlet conduits 4, installing bypass additional in heat primary air bypass 6 draws
Wind turbine 7 keeps hot wind pressure head, and the gas bypass heat exchanger group being connected with that need to energize low-temperature receiver 15 is arranged in heat primary air bypass 6
14；The outlet access air preheater inlet conduits 3 of heat primary air bypass 6.
Control system principle of the present invention is simple, is effectively utilized boiler exhaust gas waste heat, and passes through unit endogenous pyrogen low-temperature receiver
Again matching improves the utilization ratio of energy, can effectively improve the economic benefit in power station.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is illustrated for the upgrading of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat using system core component；
Fig. 2 utilizes system construction drawing for the upgrading of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat.Figure label represents respectively：1- air
Preheater；2- primary air fans；3- air preheater inlet conduits；4- air preheater outlet conduits；5- heat primary airs road；6- heat
First air bypasses；7- bypasses air-introduced machine；8- air preheater gas approach；9- air preheater exhaust pass；10- burner hearths；11-
Superheater；12- reheaters；13- economizers；14- gas bypass heat exchanger groups；15- need to energize low-temperature receiver；16- Turbine Steam water systems
System assembly；17- steam turbine high-pressure cylinders；18- Steam Turbine Through IP Admissions；19- turbine low pressure cylinders；20- generators；21- condensers；
22- feed-water pump turbines；23- condensate pumps；24- oxygen-eliminating devices；25- feed pumps；The first high-pressure heaters of 26-；27- second
High-pressure heater；The 3rd high-pressure heaters of 28-；The first low-pressure heaters of 29-；The second low-pressure heaters of 30-；The 3rd low pressure of 31-
Heater；The 4th low-pressure heaters of 32-；33- first order geomantic omen heat exchanger；34- second level geomantic omen heat exchanger；The 4th valves of 35-；
The 3rd valves of 36-；The second valves of 37-；The first valves of 38-.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, elaborate to embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention, which proposes a kind of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat upgrading, utilizes system, including：
Sequentially connected burner hearth 10, superheater 11, reheater 12, economizer 13 in boiler；Economizer 13 passes through air
Pre-heater inlet flue 8 is connected with air preheater 1, and air preheater exhaust pass 9 is connected with electric dust-removing equipment；
Primary air fan 2 passes sequentially through air preheater inlet conduits 3 and is connected with air preheater 1, air preheater outlet
Air passage 4 passes sequentially through heat primary air road 5, pulverized coal preparation system is connected with burner hearth；
Heat primary air is set to bypass 6 on the air preheater outlet conduits 4, installing bypass additional in heat primary air bypass 6 draws
Wind turbine 7 keeps hot wind pressure head, and the gas bypass heat exchanger group being connected with that need to energize low-temperature receiver 15 is arranged in heat primary air bypass 6
14；The outlet access air preheater inlet conduits 3 of heat primary air bypass 6.
First high-pressure heater 26, the second high-pressure heater 27 are connected respectively with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 17；
3rd high-pressure heater 28, oxygen-eliminating device 24 are connected respectively with Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 18；
First low-pressure heater 29, the second low-pressure heater 30, the 3rd low-pressure heater 31,32 and of the 4th low-pressure heater
Condenser 21 is connected respectively with turbine low pressure cylinder 19；
Economizer 13, the first high-pressure heater 26, the second high-pressure heater 27, the 3rd high-pressure heater 28, oxygen-eliminating device 24,
First low-pressure heater 29, the second low-pressure heater 30, the 3rd low-pressure heater 31, the 4th low-pressure heater 32 and condenser 21
It is sequentially connected；
The entrance phase that the import of first order geomantic omen heat exchanger 33 passes through the 3rd valve 36 and the 3rd high-pressure heater 28
Even, the outlet of first order geomantic omen heat exchanger 33 is connected by the 4th valve 35 with the outlet of the second high-pressure heater 27.
The entrance phase that the import of second level geomantic omen heat exchanger 34 passes through the first valve 38 and the 4th low-pressure heater 32
Even, the outlet of second level geomantic omen heat exchanger 34 is connected by the second valve 37 with the outlet of the second low-pressure heater 30.
The air outlet slit of second level geomantic omen heat exchanger 34 is connected with a cold air passage.
The bypass air-introduced machine 7 controls the wind pressure of heat primary air bypass 6 to be higher than the wind pressure of air preheater outlet conduits 4 simultaneously
Less than the outlet wind pressure of primary air fan 2.
In existing power station equipment, generally using three-level high-pressure heater (26,27,28), level-one oxygen-eliminating device (24) and four
The steam that grade low-pressure heater (29,30,31,32) is extracted in steam turbine carrys out condensation water in heating system, this some vapor from
Steam turbine cylinder has been opened, will be unable to continue to do work, but steam extraction backheat can also improve feed temperature, while reduce the related heat exchange of boiler
The heat transfer temperature difference in face can both reduce the heat transfer of boilerDamage, and help to improve the safety in operation of unit.In fact, such as
There are other matching heat sources that steam extraction is replaced to heat a part of condensation water in fruit unit, you can the extracted steam from turbine of corresponding proportion is reduced,
This some vapor can further do work in the cylinder.If the use of the heat source does not increase additional energy consumption for unit, can
Think that unit obtains higher generated energy under same consumption energy, that is, realize unit economy raising.
The present invention working method be：The 300-350 DEG C of hot wind from air preheater outlet conduits 4 is divided into two parts,
It is partly into after air passage 5 of boiler flows through pulverized coal preparation system and enters burner hearth；Another part enter bypass air passage 6 and followed by
First order geomantic omen heat exchanger 33 and second level geomantic omen heat exchanger 34, then mix with the cold First air after primary air fan 2, into sky
Air preheater 1 continues above-mentioned cyclic process after heat exchange.
3rd valve 36 and the 4th valve 35 play control into first order geomantic omen heat exchanger 33 feedwater position and its
Flow can utilize first order geomantic omen heat exchanger 33 to recycle the heat part feedwater of gas bypass, it is high to reduce second
The extraction flow of steam of 27 and the 3rd high-pressure heater 28 of heater is pressed, has squeezed the more efficient extracted steam from turbine of steam extraction.
Similarly, the first valve 38 and the second valve 37 play control into the feedwater position of second level geomantic omen heat exchanger 34
And its flow, second level geomantic omen heat exchanger 34 can be utilized to recycle a part of condensation water of heat of gas bypass, reduced
Second low-pressure heater 30, the 3rd low-pressure heater 31, the extraction flow of steam of the 4th low-pressure heater 32 can also be realized certain
Energy-saving effect.Simultaneously as the use of first order geomantic omen heat exchanger 33, the Temperature of Working at second level geomantic omen heat exchanger 34
With degree higher, according to the viewpoint of the second law of thermodynamics, unnecessary thermal energy can be avoided to devalue.
Compared with traditional residual-heat utilization technology, the technique effect that the present invention is brought has：
1. smoke discharging residual heat can be efficiently used, and the working environment of waste heat utilization equipment is improved, to the heat economy of unit
Property and safety in operation can all play a role in improving.And compared with traditional smoke discharging residual heat Utilization plan, due to the raising of energy level, though
Right first law of thermodynamics heat exchange amount is identical, but the hot wind in this programme can squeeze the more efficient extracted steam from turbine of steam extraction,
Acting ability is stronger, can realize being obviously improved for heat-economy.
2. the matched of energy level has positive effect to the energy-saving horizontal of unit.According toAnalysis theories, heat primary air,
The heat exchange of air preheater system can be greatly reduced in the preheating that the temperature of smoke evacuation is controlled with cold First airDamage；And bypass heat
The reasonable employment of First air heat can directly reduce thermal loss of steam turbine.And it sees on the whole, the Temperature Matching of working medium in this programme
Degree higher is more advantageous to the improvement of unit heat economy.
3. can effectively reduce and flexibly control heat primary air temperature, the safety in operation of pulverized coal preparation system is improved, is effectively alleviated
Even eliminate the demand of " mixing cold wind ".
4. the phenomenon that can effectively alleviating lignite-fired unit smoke evacuation overtemperature.
5. it can effectively solve the problems, such as back-end surfaces low-temperature corrosion, abrasion, dust stratification.
6. simple system, convenient to carry out, investment demand is limited；Output is flexible, convenient for adaptation to local conditions.
This embodiment is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat upgrading utilizes system, which is characterized in that including：It is sequentially connected in boiler
Burner hearth (10), superheater (11), reheater (12), economizer (13)；Economizer (13) passes through air preheater gas approach
(8) it is connected with air preheater (1), air preheater exhaust pass (9) is connected with electric dust-removing equipment；
Primary air fan (2) passes sequentially through air preheater inlet conduits (3) and is connected with air preheater (1), and air preheater goes out
One's intention as revealed in what one says road (4) passes sequentially through heat primary air road (5), pulverized coal preparation system is connected with burner hearth；
On air preheater outlet conduits (4) heat primary air is set to bypass (6), install bypass air inducing in heat primary air bypass (6) additional
Machine (7) keeps hot wind pressure head, and arrangement exchanges heat with that need to energize the gas bypass that low-temperature receiver (15) is connected in heat primary air bypass (6)
Device group (14)；The outlet access air preheater inlet conduits (3) of heat primary air bypass (6)；
First high-pressure heater (26), the second high-pressure heater (27) are connected respectively with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (17)；
3rd high-pressure heater (28), oxygen-eliminating device (24) are connected respectively with Steam Turbine Through IP Admission (18)；
First low-pressure heater (29), the second low-pressure heater (30), the 3rd low-pressure heater (31), the 4th low-pressure heater
(32) it is connected respectively with turbine low pressure cylinder (19) with condenser (21)；
Economizer (13), the first high-pressure heater (26), the second high-pressure heater (27), the 3rd high-pressure heater (28), deoxygenation
Device (24), the first low-pressure heater (29), the second low-pressure heater (30), the 3rd low-pressure heater (31), the 4th low-pressure heating
Device (32) and condenser (21) are sequentially connected；
The import of first order geomantic omen heat exchanger (33) is connected by the 3rd valve (36) with the entrance of the 3rd high-pressure heater (28),
The outlet of first order geomantic omen heat exchanger (33) is connected by the 4th valve (35) with the outlet of the second high-pressure heater (27)；
The import of second level geomantic omen heat exchanger (34) is connected by the first valve (38) with the entrance of the 4th low-pressure heater (32),
The outlet of second level geomantic omen heat exchanger (34) is connected by the second valve (37) with the outlet of the second low-pressure heater (30)；
The air outlet slit of second level geomantic omen heat exchanger (34) is connected with a cold air passage；
The bypass air-introduced machine (7) controls the wind pressure of heat primary air bypass (6) to be higher than the wind pressure of air preheater outlet conduits (4)
And less than the outlet wind pressure of primary air fan (2)；
The working method of the system：The 300-350 DEG C of hot wind from air preheater outlet conduits (4) is divided into two parts, and one
Part enters burner hearth after flowing through pulverized coal preparation system into boiler heat primary air road (5)；Another part enters heat primary air bypass (6) simultaneously
Followed by first order geomantic omen heat exchanger (33) and second level geomantic omen heat exchanger (34), then with cold one after primary air fan (2)
Secondary wind mixing, into air preheater (1), continues above-mentioned cyclic process after heat exchange；
3rd valve (36) and the 4th valve (35) play control into first order geomantic omen heat exchanger (33) feedwater position and
Using the heat part feedwater of first order geomantic omen heat exchanger (33) recycling gas bypass, it is high to reduce second for its flow
The extraction flow of steam of heater (27) and the 3rd high-pressure heater (28) is pressed, has squeezed the more efficient steam turbine of steam extraction and has taken out
Vapour；
First valve (38) and the second valve (37) play control into second level geomantic omen heat exchanger (34) feedwater position and
Its flow using a part of condensation water of heat of second level geomantic omen heat exchanger (34) recycling gas bypass, reduces second
Low-pressure heater (30), the 3rd low-pressure heater (31), the extraction flow of steam of the 4th low-pressure heater (32), are realized certain
Energy-saving effect.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610053337.8A CN105526599B (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | The upgrading of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat utilizes system |
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| CN201610053337.8A CN105526599B (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | The upgrading of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat utilizes system |
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| CN105526599B true CN105526599B (en) | 2018-05-25 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106225242B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2021-11-02 | 浙江特富发展股份有限公司 | Double-hearth heat-conducting oil boiler |
| CN106402838A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-15 | 上海理工大学 | Tail flue gas waste heat utilizing system of utility boiler based on hot blast recycling |
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| CN105526599A (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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