CN105481464A - Porous refractory material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Porous refractory material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a porous refractory material and a preparation method, and relates to the technical field of refractor materials. The preparation method is characterized in that fly ash and a natural mineral material magnesite are adopted as main raw materials; and the porous refractory material is prepared through the processes such as blending and mixing, molding, drying, sintering and the like. Among the raw materials, the addition amount of fly ash is 10.0-90.0wt%, the addition amount of magnesite is 5.0-85.0wt%, the addition amount of a pore-forming agent is 5-15.0wt%, and the addition amount of a binding agent is 1-8wt%. A main phase of the porous refractory material prepared through high-temperature sintering is forsterite. The material has the characteristics of high porosity, low volume density, high strength, good thermal insulation effect, low cost and the like. According to the invention, a novel technical approach is provided for high-efficiency value-added exploitation of solid wastes such as fly ash and magnesite.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of porous refractory and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of refractory materials.
Background technology
Clay refractory brick is widely used in the thermofin of Thermal Equipment and Industrial Stoves, but have that heat-resistant knocking stability is poor, refractoriness is not high, low strength and the problem such as production energy consumption is large, fireclay resource consumption is large.Have excellent heat-shock resistance and high-temperature behavior for improving clay brick, need to adopt the raw mineral materials of high-quality and generally burn till at the high temperature of about 1500 DEG C, production cost is higher.China has put into effect the notice about taking aggregate measures controlled production fireclay and fluorite in January, 2010, may limit further and adopt tonerde raw mineral materials to carry out production high-performance clay matter insulating fire brick.For addressing this problem, the insulating refractory that the use temperature of development of new is high, heat-resistant knocking stability good, production cost is low is very necessary and urgent.
Forsterite material has that thermal expansivity is low, heat-resistant knocking stability good and the feature such as thermal conductivity is low, can be used for hot environment and the larger operating mode of temperature variation.Be that the porous refractory of dominant phase has excellent high temperature thermal property and mechanical property with forsterite, show as thermal expansivity little, refractoriness is high, is the refractory materials of thermal kiln furnace and Thermal Equipment middle ideal.But current porous refractory suitability for industrialized production raw material many employings kaolin, talcum or pure-oxide industrial chemicals etc., cost is higher.So low cost raw material is selected in research, industrial solid castoff is especially adopted to be that main raw material is prepared white olivine porous material and will be embodied important meaning and using value.
Flyash is the trade waste of power plant emission, and a large amount of flyash does not add process, will produce airborne dust, atmosphere pollution; River can be caused to silt up if enter water system, and toxic chemical substance wherein also can work the mischief to human body and biology.In recent years, the developing rapidly of China's thermoelectricity industry result in flyash quantity discharged sharply to be increased, and this exerts heavy pressures on to the development of the national economy of China and ecotope.
Flyash main component is SiO
2and Al
2o
3, the at present both at home and abroad comprehensive utilization of flyash is mainly built the road, building materials etc., and it can also be utilized in addition to prepare mesoporous catalytic material, porous ceramics etc.Porous refractory prepared by present method, for the efficiency utilization of porous refractory and flyash provides important technology, reduces production cost to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
Porous refractory is prepared in order to realize low cost, and effectively utilize the solid waste resources such as flyash, this preparation method for raw material, prepares porous refractory by adding magnesite in flyash with the magnesite of flyash and China's rich reserves or its mine tailing.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of porous refractory and preparation method thereof, raw material is by weight ratio: flyash addition is 10.0wt% ~ 90.0wt%, and magnesite addition is 5.0wt% ~ 85.0wt%, pore-forming material 5wt% ~ 15.0wt%, binding agent 1wt% ~ 8wt%.
Described flyash is the product after the coal combustion of fuel-burning power plant discharge, and its specification of quality is SiO
2content 0.0wt% ~ 90.0wt%, Al
2o
3content 3.0wt% ~ 60.0wt%, other foreign matter content does not have particular requirement, and its granularity requirements is maximum particle diameter < 300 μm.
The specification of quality of described raw mineral materials magnesite is MgCO
3content 80.0wt% ~ 100.0wt%, other foreign matter content does not have particular requirement, and its granularity requirements is maximum particle diameter < 300 μm.
Described pore-forming material can commonly use pore-forming material for porous materials such as starch, wood chip, polystyrene spheres.
Described binding agent can commonly use binding agent for refractory materialss such as silicon sol, aluminium dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, tar, water glass, high temperature resistant cement, resol, Xylo-Mucine, polyvinyl butyral acetals,
A kind of preparation method's process of porous refractory is:
(1) ball milling 1h ~ 20h is added in ball mill after flyash, magnesite, pore-forming material and binding agent being mixed according to a certain ratio to mixing.The mode of ball milling can select dry ball milling or wet ball grinding, and wherein ball-milling medium can select Metal Ball, Ceramic Balls or agate ball etc., and the ball milling liquid that wet ball grinding is selected can be water or dehydrated alcohol etc.
(2) raw material mixed is made base substrate through the technological process such as overmolding, drying, wherein moulding process can be dry-pressing formed, half dry-pressing formed and casting.
(3) above-mentioned dried base substrate is placed in thermal kiln furnace and realizes firing process, wherein thermal kiln furnace can be electric furnace, coal-fired kiln or tunnel furnace.Base substrate does not have particular requirement through normal temperature to 1200 DEG C to heat-up rate in the sintering process in 1600 DEG C of temperature ranges, but need to be incubated 10min ~ 1000min at about 700 DEG C, using any one temperature in the temperature range of 1200 DEG C to 1600 DEG C as final firing temperature, under final firing temperature, be incubated 1min ~ 200h, room temperature to be naturally cooled to can obtain described porous refractory.
The present invention with flyash and raw mineral materials magnesite or its mine tailing for main raw material, additional pore former and normal temperature binding agent, and it is mixed by a certain percentage, then through shaping (dry-pressing formed, half dry-pressing formed), drying, loading of kiln, the technological process such as to burn till and prepare porous refractory.Described porous refractory has the excellent properties such as void content is high, volume density is little, intensity is high.This porous refractory can be widely used in modern industrial equipment and thermal kiln furnace.
Present invention achieves the recycling of flyash and the high value added utilization of raw mineral materials magnesite, described porous refractory raw materials cost is low, and processing unit is simple, economic benefit and social benefit remarkable, there is the very strong market competitiveness, have very important environment protection significance.
Embodiment
The present invention is that main raw material prepares porous refractory with flyash, and the dominant in described powdered coal ash is mullite and cristobalite mutually, and chemical constitution mainly contains SiO2, Al
2o
3, CaO, Fe
2o
3, MgO etc., in flyash, the raw material added containing MgO can obtain forsterite phase.The present invention obtains MgO by magnesite and utilizes the CO that magnesite produces 700 DEG C of decomposition reactions occurred
2the gas that the pyrolytic decomposition of gas and additional pore former generates realizes pore-creating.Obtain forsterite phase by the reaction of flyash and MgO, decomposed the CO produced by magnesite
2form pore passage structure in the base with the gas that additional pore former pyrolytic decomposition generates, thus obtain porous refractory.
1, porous refractory, its raw material composition and weight percentage are: flyash addition is 10.0wt% ~ 90.0wt%, and magnesite addition is 5.0wt% ~ 85.0wt%, pore-forming material 5wt% ~ 15.0wt%, binding agent 1wt% ~ 8wt%.Described raw material is after present method preparation, and the dominant that products therefrom exists is forsterite phase mutually, and forsterite is paracrystalline phase mutually.
2, the preparation method of porous refractory, its specific embodiment is:
First, ball milling 0.1h ~ 24h is added in ball mill after flyash, magnesite, pore-forming material and binding agent being mixed according to a certain ratio to mixing.The mode of ball milling can select dry ball milling or wet ball grinding, and wherein ball-milling medium can select Metal Ball, Ceramic Balls or agate ball etc., and the ball milling liquid that wet ball grinding is selected can be water or dehydrated alcohol etc.Then the raw material mixed is made base substrate through the technological process such as overmolding, drying, wherein moulding process can be dry-pressing formed, half dry-pressing formed and casting.
Then, above-mentioned dried base substrate is placed in thermal kiln furnace and realizes firing process, wherein thermal kiln furnace can be electric furnace, Ma Fushi gas-combustion kiln or coal-fired kiln or oil-firing kiln, tunnel furnace.Base substrate does not have particular requirement through normal temperature to 1200 DEG C to heat-up rate in the sintering process in 1600 DEG C of temperature ranges, but need to be incubated 10min ~ 1000min at about 700 DEG C, using any one temperature in the temperature range of 1200 DEG C to 1600 DEG C as final firing temperature, under final firing temperature, be incubated 1min ~ 290h, room temperature to be naturally cooled to can obtain described porous refractory.
3, the performance of porous refractory prepared of the method: volume density is 0.50g/cm3 ~ 2.00g/cm3, and void content is 40% ~ 75%, and ultimate compression strength is 8MPa ~ 30MPa, folding strength 2MPa ~ 15MPa.
Claims (6)
1. porous refractory and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, raw material is by weight ratio: flyash addition is 10.0wt% ~ 90.0wt%, and magnesite addition is 5.0wt% ~ 85.0wt%, pore-forming material 5wt% ~ 15.0wt%, binding agent 1wt% ~ 8wt%.
2. a kind of porous refractory according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, described flyash is the product after the coal combustion of fuel-burning power plant discharge, and its specification of quality is SiO
2content 0.0wt% ~ 90.0wt%, Al
2o
3content 3.0wt% ~ 60.0wt%, other foreign matter content does not have particular requirement, and its granularity requirements is maximum particle diameter < 300 μm.
3. a kind of porous refractory according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized by: the specification of quality of described raw mineral materials magnesite is MgCO
3content 80.0wt% ~ 100.0wt%, other foreign matter content does not have particular requirement, and its granularity requirements is maximum particle diameter < 300 μm.
4. a kind of porous refractory according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized by: described pore-forming material can commonly use pore-forming material for porous materials such as starch, wood chip, polystyrene spheres.
5. a kind of porous refractory according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized by: described binding agent can commonly use binding agent for refractory materialss such as silicon sol, aluminium dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, tar, water glass, high temperature resistant cement, resol, Xylo-Mucine, polyvinyl butyral acetals
A kind of porous refractory according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, its preparation process is:
(1) ball milling 1h ~ 20h is added in ball mill after flyash, magnesite, pore-forming material and binding agent being mixed according to a certain ratio to mixing;
The mode of ball milling can select dry ball milling or wet ball grinding, and wherein ball-milling medium can select Metal Ball, Ceramic Balls or agate ball etc., and the ball milling liquid that wet ball grinding is selected can be water or dehydrated alcohol etc.;
(2) raw material mixed is made base substrate through the technological process such as overmolding, drying, wherein moulding process can be dry-pressing formed, half dry-pressing formed and casting;
(3) above-mentioned dried base substrate is placed in thermal kiln furnace and realizes firing process, wherein thermal kiln furnace can be electric furnace, coal-fired kiln or tunnel furnace.
6. base substrate does not have particular requirement through normal temperature to 1200 DEG C to heat-up rate in the sintering process in 1600 DEG C of temperature ranges, but need to be incubated 10min ~ 1000min at about 700 DEG C, using any one temperature in the temperature range of 1200 DEG C to 1600 DEG C as final firing temperature, under final firing temperature, be incubated 1min ~ 200h, room temperature to be naturally cooled to can obtain described porous refractory.
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| CN201410478087.3A CN105481464A (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2014-09-19 | Porous refractory material and preparation method thereof |
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