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CN105454224B - A kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105454224B
CN105454224B CN201610052039.7A CN201610052039A CN105454224B CN 105454224 B CN105454224 B CN 105454224B CN 201610052039 A CN201610052039 A CN 201610052039A CN 105454224 B CN105454224 B CN 105454224B
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water
agricultural chemicals
utricule
solubility membrane
gel combination
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CN105454224A (en
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刘圣泉
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Chuangkebang Shandong Technology Service Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, is related to a kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane, including, water-solubility membrane, gas and gel combination；The water-solubility membrane forms the utricule of sealing, and the gel combination and gas are filled in the utricule, and the air pressure inside of the utricule is more than external pressure.Further relate to the preparation method of the agricultural chemicals.During using this kind of agricultural chemicals, the single active ingredient useful load of unmanned plane is big, reduces the number of dosing repeatedly；And complete to spray by means of the jet power of medicine in utricule so that unmanned plane need not carry out large area sprinkling, can work if only pair doing and launching agricultural chemicals, improve operating efficiency.

Description

A kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, is related to a kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane, further relates to its preparation method.
Background technology
Growth of the pesticide application operation for crops is most important, and traditional pesticide application is manually to spray, work Make less efficient.Thereafter the method for occurring being sprayed using ground machine, but such mechanical ploughed for farmland often has Particular/special requirement.In recent years, there is SUAV and carry out pesticide application operation, it sprays efficiency high, has higher profit With value.
At present, the agricultural chemicals that SUAV sprays is mainly loaded dilute liquid medicine or separated medicinal powder and water. Because SUAV single can only load a small amount of effective agricultural chemicals, when being carried out continuously large area spraying operation, unmanned plane is frequent Landing repeatedly is needed, loading agricultural chemicals is constantly repeated, brings inconvenience to operation is sprayed, operating efficiency is low.Moreover, in order to farmland Overall dispenser, existing method are that farmland is sprayed everywhere by SUAV, and the activity duration is longer, reduces efficiency.
At present, still need a kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane, the efficiency of operation is sprayed to improve.
The content of the invention
The present inventor obtains a kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane by creative work, uses the agricultural chemicals Unmanned plane single active ingredient useful load it is big, reduce the number of landing dosing repeatedly.Field irrigation water spray coordinates unmanned plane Applying pesticides, the water-solubility membrane dissolving of the agricultural chemicals outer layer is damaged, and internal drug outwards projects, and the medicine of injection is dissolved in the water, So as to complete the dispenser to crops.By means of the jet power after agricultural chemicals water-solubility membrane breakage of the present invention, unmanned plane only need to be to agriculture If doing in the range of field is launched agricultural chemicals and can worked, without carrying out large area sprinkling, efficiency is improved.Moreover, the present invention Microorganism or its metabolite can be introduced in gel combination as biological pesticide, gel-type vehicle for microorganism normal growth or The activity of microbial metabolic products keeps condition of providing convenience.
The first aspect of the present invention is related to a kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane, including:Water-solubility membrane, gas and gel Composition；The water-solubility membrane forms the utricule of sealing, and the gel combination and gas are filled in the utricule, the capsule The air pressure inside of body is more than external pressure.
To coordinate pesticide application, unmanned plane spray it is forward and backward or during carry out irrigation water spray to farmland, unmanned plane discharges After going out agricultural chemicals of the present invention, the water-solubility membrane contact wetting dissolving of agricultural chemicals outer layer is damaged, and capsule substance in vivo is sprayed from breakage to surrounding Penetrate, carried out with injection, gel combination dissolved dilution is finally completed the dispenser operation to crops in water.
In one embodiment of first aspect present invention, at 5 DEG C -35 DEG C, the air pressure inside of the utricule >= 0.15MPa、≥0.18MPa、≥0.20MPa、≥0.22MPa、≥0.25MPa、≥0.30MPa、≥0.34MPa、≥0.40MPa Or >=0.45MPa, such as 0.15MPa, 0.18MPa, 0.20MPa, 0.24MPa, 0.25MPa, 0.32MPa, 0.34MPa, 0.40MPa or 0.45MPa；Preferable temperature is 10 DEG C -35 DEG C.
Those skilled in the art know that utricule external pressure is standard atmospheric pressure, i.e., 1.01325 × 105Pa。
In one embodiment of first aspect present invention, it is preferable that at 0 DEG C -35 DEG C, the air pressure inside of the utricule ≤ 1.0MPa ,≤0.9MPa ,≤0.8MPa ,≤0.7MPa ,≤0.6MPa or≤0.5MPa, such as 1.0MPa, 0.9MPa, 0.85MPa, 0.8MPa, 0.75MPa, 0.7MPa, 0.65MPa, 0.6MPa, 0.55MPa or 0.5MPa；Preferable temperature is 0 DEG C -5 DEG C, 5 DEG C -35 DEG C or 10 DEG C -35 DEG C.
In a low temperature of 0 DEG C -5 DEG C, pressure further reduces compared to normal temperature in utricule, and agricultural chemicals is more easy to tie up during preservation It is fixed to keep steady.
In one embodiment of first aspect present invention, the tensile strength of the water-solubility membrane is in more than 3MPa, example Such as >=3.0MPa, >=3.5MPa, >=4.2MPa, >=4.5MPa, >=5.0MPa, preferably 3.0MPa, 3.5MPa, 3.7MPa, 4.0MPa, 4.5MPa, 5.0MPa, 5.5MPa or 6.0MPa.
The tensile strength of water-solubility membrane of the present invention can guarantee that agricultural chemicals water-solubility membrane during preservation be not easily broken, utricule Interior medicine is not easy to reveal, and keeps the stability of agricultural chemicals.
In one embodiment of first aspect present invention, after water-solubility membrane dissolving is damaged, material in the utricule to The distance of outer injection is 3-18 rice；Preferably 3-10 rice, 5-10 rice, 3-5 rice, 8-15 rice or 10-18 rice, more preferably 3 meters, 4 Rice, 5 meters, 6 meters, 7 meters, 8 meters, 9 meters, 10 meters, 11 meters, 12 meters, 13 meters, 14 meters, 15 meters, 16 meters, 17 meters or 18 meters.
In one embodiment of first aspect present invention, the thickness of the water soluble film is 500 μm -1500 μm；Preferably 500-800 μm, 700-1000 μm, 800-1200 μm, 900-1500 μm, more preferably 500 μm, 550 μm, 600 μm, 670 μm, 700μm、750μm、800μm、900μm、1000μm、1100μm、1200μm、1300μm、1500μm。
The thickness of water-solubility membrane is unsuitable blocked up or excessively thin, crosses excellent pay and conditions water and not readily dissolves breakage, excessively thin easily in the process of preservation Middle pressure-rupturable.
In one embodiment of first aspect present invention, the principal component of the water-solubility membrane is polyvinyl alcohol；Preferably, The water-solubility membrane also includes the one or more in plasticizer, disintegrant and wetting agent.
The addition of wetting agent makes water-solubility membrane be more easy to contact with hydrone.
In one embodiment of first aspect present invention, the gel combination includes active component and gel-type vehicle； Preferably, the active component is selected from microorganism, microbial metabolic products and chemical pesticide；It is highly preferred that the Gel Compositions Thing also includes water absorbing agent.
The addition of water absorbing agent make gel combination it is more hygroscopic in course of injection, dissolving.
The gel combination can use common gel combination preparation method.For example, gel material adds water stirring simultaneously It is heated to dissolving, is concentrated by evaporation to 50-70% (w/w), is optionally added water absorbing agent mixing, micro- life is added when being cooled to 30-40 DEG C Thing, microbial metabolic products or chemical pesticide mixing, continue cooling down and obtain gel combination.
In one embodiment of first aspect present invention, it includes following 1) -13) in any one or multinomial：
1) one or more of the gas in air, oxygen and nitrogen；
2) mean molecule quantity of the polyvinyl alcohol is 20,000-6 ten thousand；Preferably 2-4 ten thousand, 3-5 ten thousand or 4-6 ten thousand, more preferably 20000,25000,27000,30,000,33000,35000,40,000,45000,50,000,54000,58000 or 60,000；
3) alcoholysis degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 70%-95%, preferably 70%-80%, 75%-83%, 80%- 88%th, 80%-90% or 85%-95%, more preferably 70%, 75%, 80%, 82%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 93% or 95%；
4) wetting agent is that polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ether or polyoxyethylene amyl group phenolic ether, preferably polyoxyethylene gather Oxygen propyl alcohol amidogen ether；
5) by weight percentage, the plasticizer accounts for the 0.1-0.8% of water-solubility membrane, preferably 0.1-0.4%, 0.1- 0.5%th, 0.3-0.6% or 0.5-0.8%, more preferably 0.1%, 0.5%, 0.6% or 0.8%；
6) by weight percentage, the disintegrant accounts for the 0.5-2% of water-solubility membrane, preferably 0.5-0.8%, 0.6- 1%th, 1-1.5%, 1.4-1.8% or 1.6-2%, more preferably 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.7% or 2%；
7) by weight percentage, the wetting agent accounts for the 5-7% of water-solubility membrane, preferably 5-6%, 5.5-6.5% or 6-7%, more preferably 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.6%, 6.8% or 7%；
8) volume of the utricule is 0.1L-0.6L, preferably 0.1L, 0.2L, 0.25L, 0.3L, 0.4L, 0.5L, 0.6L, 0.1-0.5L, 0.2-0.6L or 0.3-0.6L；
9) gel-type vehicle is selected from agar, Portugal's sweet dew glue, carboxymethyl cellulose, locust bean gum, carob, xanthans, bright One or more in glue and algin；Preferably agar, algin or carboxymethyl cellulose；
10) active component accounts for the 30-60% of gel combination weight；Preferably 40-60%, 50-60%, more preferably For 40%, 50%, 55%, 58% or 60%；
11) water absorbing agent accounts for the 3-5% of gel combination weight, preferably 3-4%, 3.5-5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%th, 4.5%, 4.8% or 5%；
12) one or more of the water absorbing agent in activated carbon, calcium chloride and starch；
13) each utricule 50-200g containing gel combination, preferably 50g, 80g, 100g, 120g, 150g or 200g.
Second aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of agricultural chemicals described in first aspect, comprises the following steps,
(1) add water into polyvinyl alcohol raw material, glue is obtained after dissolving；
Alternatively, any one or more for adding water while being additionally added in plasticizer, disintegrant and wetting agent；
(2) by the glue standing and defoaming, enter mould molding, dry the demoulding, the utricule of opening is made；
(3) gel combination is put into blister cavities, is filled with gas, is sealed；
Optionally, in addition to by the utricule of sealing be placed in dry (humidity≤20%, preferably≤18% ,≤15% ,≤ 13%th ,≤10% or≤5%), preserve under 0-5 DEG C of environment.
In one embodiment of second aspect of the present invention, described preparation method includes following 1) -5) in it is any one Item is multinomial：
1) percetage by weight of polyvinyl alcohol described in glue is 15-30%；
2) percetage by weight of plasticizer described in glue is 0.015-0.27%；
3) percetage by weight of disintegrant described in glue is 0.07-0.67%；
4) percetage by weight of wetting agent described in glue is 0.7-2.33%；
5) in step (2), drying temperature is 50-100 DEG C, preferably 80-100 DEG C.
The plasticizer can be the usually used type of art, can be selected from aliphatic dibasic acid ester, benzene two Formate ester (including phthalate, terephthalic acid ester), the more esters of gallic acid of benzene, benzoates, polyalcohol esters, One or more in chlorinated hydrocarbons, epoxies, citric acid ester type and polyesters.
The disintegrant can be the usually used type in the field, can be selected from sodium carboxymethyl starch, low substitution hydroxyl One or more in propyl cellulose, PVPP and Ac-Di-Sol.
The chemical pesticide can be selected from phosphate, monothio phosphate, phosphorodithioate, phosphonate ester, phosphamide, sulphur For phosphamide, pyrophosphate, N- methyl carbamates class, dimethylcarbamate, photo-labile pyrethroid, Photostability pyrethroid, dithiocarbamates, sulfamic acid class, thiosulfonic acid esters, trichloro-methylthio class, two Nitrobenzene amine, carbamates, diphenyl ether, triazine, phenoxy carboxylic acid, sulfonylurea, imidazolone type, multiple nitre Phenol sodium, Nafusaku, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, Prohexadione calcium, multiple-effect are frustrated, cycocel, sodium chlorate, borax, arsenate, trichloroacetic acid, nitro Phenol, chlorophenol, carbamic acid, Acetochlor, alachlor, butachlor, atrazine, 2,4-D butyl esters, isopropyl methoxalamine, prometryn, Pendimethalin, paraquat, Quizalotop-ethyl, imazethapyr, fomesafen, clomazone, benazolin, Folithion, Rogor, rice Rich scattered, Ethodan, phosmet, Nankor, BHC, fortified benzene hexachloride, toxaphene, Niran, DDT, sevin, evil Flutter prestige, isoprocarb, MTMC, dimethyl phenyl carbamate, Aphox, Entex, DDVP, pyrethroid, Hinosan, kitazine, enemy Gram pine, 402. asomate, mazn, Tuzet, for gloomy amine, milneb, 2,4- drops, Avadex, propachlor, metrifonate, horse traction It is pine, orthene, phoxim, dicofol, carbendazim, thiophanate, captan, zineb, thiram, carboxin, different Careless pest are net, aliette, Bravo, nitrofen, propanil, Atrazine, Machete, drag-line, benthiocarb, the chlorine of 2 first 4, chlortoluron, enemy One or more in careless grand, trefanocide, Bentazon, Dalapon and glyphosate.
The microorganism, microbial metabolic products, which refer to, to be prevented harmful organisms such as insect, germ, weeds, nematode, muroids The microorganism controlled or its metabolite.The microorganism or its metabolite can be selected from jinggangmeisu, Dipel, red mould One or more in element, AVM, kasugarnycin, muscardine and green muscardine fungus.
The beneficial effect of invention
The present invention be used for unmanned plane apply pesticidal aqueous point less, in light weight, the effective agricultural chemicals useful load of single of unmanned plane Greatly, reduce the number of unmanned plane landing dosing repeatedly, improve efficiency.Spray insecticide forward and backward or during to farmland Water spray is irrigated, after unmanned plane sprays, the water-solubility membrane chance water dissolving of agricultural chemicals outer layer of the present invention is damaged, and internal gel combination is outside Project, and the gel combination projected meets water dissolved dilution, is attached to the positions such as leaf, the root of crops, completes dispenser, because This, is by means of above-mentioned dispenser mechanism, if what unmanned plane only need to seriously or by region division be selected out to pest and disease damage in the range of farmland Dispenser is done, is sprayed insecticide without large area, improves spray pattern.Moreover, the gel-type vehicle of the present invention is microorganism Growth and microbial metabolic products activity holding provide environmental condition.The water-solubility membrane of the present invention is easy to natural degradation, It is environmentally safe.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.It is unreceipted specific in embodiment Condition person, the condition suggested according to normal condition or manufacturer are carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, it is The conventional products of acquisition purchased in market can be passed through.
Embodiment 1：The present invention is used for the agricultural chemicals A that unmanned plane is applied
(1) the polyvinyl alcohol raw material that be 88% by alcoholysis degree, mean molecule quantity is 2-4 ten thousand is dissolved in water, obtained glue The percetage by weight of middle polyvinyl alcohol is 30%；
(2) by the glue standing and defoaming 5 hours, die for molding is poured into, is stripped, obtains after being dried 4 hours at 100 DEG C Be open utricule；After tested, the thickness of utricule outer layer polyethylene alcohol film is 1500 μm, tensile strength 5MPa；
(3) 100g agar is added into water stirring and dissolving at 50 DEG C, be concentrated by evaporation at such a temperature to 60% (w/w), cooling To 35 DEG C, add 286g AVMs and mix gel-forming composition with 23.8g activated carbons (200-400 μm of particle diameter), into blister cavities The gel combination is put into, is filled with gas, sealing, the pressure at 5-35 DEG C inside utricule is 0.15-0.18MPa, utricule volume For 0.5L.
The present invention is prepared and is used for the agricultural chemicals A that unmanned plane is applied.
Embodiment 2：The present invention is used for the agricultural chemicals B that unmanned plane is applied
(1) the polyvinyl alcohol raw material that is 95% by 150g alcoholysis degrees, mean molecule quantity is 4-6 ten thousand, 2.7g phthalic acids Butyl benzyl, 0.7g PVPPs and 7g polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ethers add water to 1000g dissolvings, obtain glue Liquid；
(2) by the glue standing and defoaming 6 hours, die for molding is poured into, is stripped, obtains after being dried 10 hours at 50 DEG C Be open utricule；After tested, the thickness of utricule outer layer polyethylene alcohol film is 500 μm, tensile strength 4MPa；
(3) 100g agar is added into water stirring and dissolving at 50 DEG C, be concentrated by evaporation at such a temperature to 50% (w/w), cooling To 30 DEG C, add 213g metrifonate (dimethyl-(2,2,2- tri- chloro- 1- hydroxyethyls) phosphate) pulvis and mixed with 12.77g starch Synthesized gel rubber composition, the gel combination is put into blister cavities, is filled with gas, seals, the pressure at 5-35 DEG C inside utricule For 0.42-0.45MPa, utricule volume is 0.3L.
The present invention is prepared and is used for the agricultural chemicals B that unmanned plane is applied.
Comparative example：The existing agricultural chemicals for unmanned plane sprinkling
100g metrifonate pulvis is diluted with water into the solution that concentration is 40% (w/w), obtains agricultural chemicals C.
Experimental example：
Agricultural chemicals A-C is loaded with same model unmanned plane and carries out dispenser, and dispenser object is respectively that region location is close at three, area It is 20 mu of farmland, is sprayed when irrigating during its Pesticides A, B dispenser.Follow-up observation dispenser process, measure spraying time, see Examine drug effect.
(1) dispenser process：
Ith, agricultural chemicals A：, will be per per mu point of four regions before dispenser, unmanned plane only heart position dispenser in each area.Agricultural chemicals After landing, it is damaged that the water-solubility membrane of its outer layer meets water dissolving, sprays gel combination by breakage, with the ejection of composition, Breakage cracking is gradually big, and final instant of complete cracking sprays medicine to surrounding, and the distance that medicine outwards sprays is 5-10 rice, and injection is coagulated Glue composition meets water dissolved dilution, and is stopped in course of injection by crops and be attached to the positions such as its leaf, root, completes spray Medicine.Unmanned plane is sprayed insecticide during A without landing dosing again.
IIth, agricultural chemicals B：, will be per per mu point of two regions before dispenser, unmanned plane only heart position dispenser in each area.Agriculture After medicine landing, it is damaged that the water-solubility membrane of its outer layer meets water dissolving, sprays gel combination by breakage, with the ejection of medicine, Breakage cracking is gradually big, and final instant of complete cracking sprays medicine to surrounding, and the distance that medicine outwards sprays is 10-18 rice, injection Medicine meets water dissolved dilution, and is stopped in course of injection by crops and be attached to the positions such as its leaf, root, completes spray.Nothing Without landing dosing again during the man-machine B that sprays insecticide.
IIIth, agricultural chemicals C：Unmanned plane is uniformly sprayed everywhere to 20 mu of farmlands, and during spray, unmanned plane weight New landing dosing is once.
(2) spraying time is shown in Table 1：
Table 1
Medicine Spraying time (min)
Agricultural chemicals A 24
Agricultural chemicals B 11
Agricultural chemicals C 45
From result above, the present invention is used for the agricultural chemicals that unmanned plane is applied, moisture-free, the single of unmanned plane effectively into It is bigger to dispense carrying capacity, reduces the number of landing dosing during dispenser.Moreover, when being sprayed by means of utricule inner gel composition Jet power complete spray, therefore, unmanned plane to farmland without carrying out large area spray, if only needing pair to do launches agricultural chemicals i.e. Can, improve efficiency.
(3) drug effect：After dispenser 2 days, the pesticide supplying effect in farmland is shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Agricultural chemicals A-C has insecticidal action, wherein, agricultural chemicals A-B insecticidal effect is more preferably.Although the specific implementation of the present invention Mode has obtained detailed description, it will be understood to those of skill in the art that., can be to that according to disclosed all teachings A little details carry out various modifications and replacement, and these change within protection scope of the present invention.The present invention four corner by Appended claims and its any equivalent provide.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane, including,
Water-solubility membrane, gas and gel combination；
The water-solubility membrane forms the utricule of sealing, and the gel combination and gas are filled in the utricule, the utricule Air pressure inside be more than external pressure；The principal component of the water-solubility membrane is polyvinyl alcohol；The gel combination includes activity Composition and gel-type vehicle；
Wherein, at 5 DEG C -35 DEG C, air pressure inside >=0.15MPa of the utricule；At 0 DEG C -35 DEG C, the inside of the utricule Air pressure≤1.0MPa；The tensile strength of the water-solubility membrane is 3MPa-5.5MPa；The thickness of the water soluble film be 500 μm- 1500μm；The mean molecule quantity of the polyvinyl alcohol is 20,000-6 ten thousand；The alcoholysis degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 80%-95%.
2. agricultural chemicals according to claim 1, wherein, after water-solubility membrane dissolving is damaged, the material in the utricule outwards sprays The distance penetrated is 3-18 rice.
3. agricultural chemicals according to claim 1, wherein, the water-solubility membrane also includes in plasticizer, disintegrant and wetting agent One or more.
4. agricultural chemicals according to claim 1, wherein, the active component is selected from microorganism, microbial metabolic products and change Learn to farm medicine.
5. agricultural chemicals according to claim 1, wherein, the gel combination also includes water absorbing agent.
6. according to the agricultural chemicals any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that any one or more in following 1) -5) ：
1) one or more of the gas in air, oxygen and nitrogen；
2) volume of the utricule is 0.1L-0.6L；
3) gel-type vehicle be selected from agar, Portugal's sweet dew glue, carboxymethyl cellulose, locust bean gum, carob, xanthans, gelatin and One or more in algin；
4) active component accounts for the 30-60% of gel combination weight；
5) each utricule 50-200g containing gel combination.
7. agricultural chemicals according to claim 3, it is characterised in that following A)-D) in any one or multinomial：
A) wetting agent is polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ether or polyoxyethylene amyl group phenolic ether；
B) by weight percentage, the plasticizer accounts for the 0.1-0.8% of water-solubility membrane；
C) by weight percentage, the disintegrant accounts for the 0.5-2% of water-solubility membrane；
D) by weight percentage, the wetting agent accounts for the 5-7% of water-solubility membrane.
8. agricultural chemicals according to claim 5, it is characterised in that following a) and/or b) item：
A) water absorbing agent accounts for the 3-5% of gel combination weight；
B) one or more of the water absorbing agent in activated carbon, calcium chloride and starch.
9. the preparation method of any one of the claim 1-8 agricultural chemicals, comprises the following steps：
(1) add water into polyvinyl alcohol raw material, glue is obtained after dissolving；
Alternatively, any one or more for adding water while being additionally added in plasticizer, disintegrant and wetting agent；
(2) by the glue standing and defoaming, enter mould molding, dry the demoulding, the utricule of opening is made；
(3) gel combination is put into blister cavities, is filled with gas, is sealed；
Optionally, in addition to the utricule of sealing is placed in and dries, preserved under 0-5 DEG C of environment.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that any one or multinomial in following 1) -5)：
1) percetage by weight of polyvinyl alcohol described in glue is 15-30%；
2) percetage by weight of plasticizer described in glue is 0.015-0.27%；
3) percetage by weight of disintegrant described in glue is 0.07-0.67%；
4) percetage by weight of wetting agent described in glue is 0.7-2.33%；
5) in step (2), drying temperature is 50-100 DEG C.
CN201610052039.7A 2016-01-26 2016-01-26 A kind of agricultural chemicals applied for unmanned plane and preparation method thereof Active CN105454224B (en)

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