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CN105440251A - 一种羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105440251A
CN105440251A CN201510872908.6A CN201510872908A CN105440251A CN 105440251 A CN105440251 A CN 105440251A CN 201510872908 A CN201510872908 A CN 201510872908A CN 105440251 A CN105440251 A CN 105440251A
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苏秀霞
张祎
张婧
杨晶晶
郭雯
崔明
刘静
张海宁
张亚男
杨冬
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法,包括以下步骤:称取丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮及重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,再将丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯及丁酮加入到烧瓶中,然后加入重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,在70-78℃的条件下恒温搅拌反应,降温至40-55℃后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并进行恒温搅拌反应,再升温至50-70℃,然后加入乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维,保温反应后降温至35-55℃,再加入三乙胺,保温成盐后降温至20-40℃,然后加入去离子水,再进行搅拌保温分散,得羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液。本发明制备的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液稳定性及分散性较好。

Description

一种羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种纤维乳液的制备方法,具体涉及一种羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法。
背景技术
纤维素乙酸酯,即醋酸纤维(CA),是以醋酸为溶剂,醋酐为乙酰化剂,经酯化得到的一种热塑性树脂;是纤维素衍生物中最早进行商品化生产,并且不断发展的纤维素有机酸酯。其具有抗压性强、手感优良、选择性高、透水量大、耐燃性和耐酸型强、加工简单以及可循环利用等特点。因此被应用于工具手柄、玩具、餐具手把、照片底片等方面,同时也可作为某些胶黏剂的成分。近年来,由于环境压力的增大,溶剂型纤维素酯类衍生物产品逐渐被以水为介质的环保型水性纤维素酯类产品所取代。目前,对于纤维素类物质的水性化研究,通常以硝化纤维为研究对象,而醋酸纤维的水性化将为涂料和胶黏剂行业的发展提供一条新的途径,然而现有的醋酸纤维乳液稳定性及分散性较差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点,提供一种羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法,该羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的稳定性及分散性较好。
为达到上述目的,本发明所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
称取丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮及重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,再将丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯及丁酮加入到烧瓶中,然后加入重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,在70-78℃的条件下恒温搅拌反应,降温至40-55℃后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并进行恒温搅拌反应,再升温至50-70℃,然后加入乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维,保温反应后降温至35-55℃,再加入三乙胺,保温成盐后降温至20-40℃,然后加入去离子水,再进行搅拌保温分散,得羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液。
所述丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮、重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈、二月桂酸二丁基锡、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维、三乙胺及去离子水的比例为1.0-8g:0.5-6.0g:10-30g:0.1-1g:0.1-0.8g:1.0-8.0g:1.0-6.0g:1.0-9.0g:60ml。
在70-78℃的条件下恒温搅拌反应的过程中搅拌的速度为200rpm,反应时间为1.5h。
降温至40-55℃后加入经4A分子筛脱水处理后的二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯。
降温至40-55℃后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并恒温搅拌反应1h,其中,搅拌的速度为400rpm。
保温反应2h后降温至35-55℃。
搅拌保温分散的过程中搅拌的速度为2000rpm,保温搅拌分散的时间为30min。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法在制备过程中,以重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)作为引发剂,并以丙烯酸作为亲水组分,利用丙烯酸和丙烯酸羟乙酯为原料制备初步预聚体中的-OH,然后将初步预聚体中的-OH与醋酸纤维中的-OH分别与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯中的异氰酸酯基(-NCO)进行聚合,再经三乙胺成盐后加去离子水乳化,从而制备得到羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液。在制备过程中,将通过丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)以及醋酸纤维(CA)的相互作用将亲水基团引入到纤维素高分子链中,从而使制备的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液具有较好的稳定性及分散性,并且环保无污染。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步详细描述,以下是对本发明的解释而不是限定。
实施例一
本发明所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
称取丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮及重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,再将丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯及丁酮加入到烧瓶中,然后加入重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,在78℃的条件下恒温并以速度为200rpm搅拌反应1.5h,降温至40℃后加入经4A分子筛脱水处理后的二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并进行恒温搅拌反应1h,其中,搅拌速度为400rpm,再升温至50℃,然后加入乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维,保温反应2h后降温至35℃,再加入三乙胺,保温成盐后降温至20℃,然后加入去离子水,再以搅拌速度为2000rpm搅拌保温分散30min,得羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液;
所述丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮、重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈、二月桂酸二丁基锡、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维、三乙胺及去离子水的比例为1.0g:6.0g:10g:1g:0.1g:8.0g:1.0g:9.0g:60ml。
实施例二
本发明所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
称取丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮及重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,再将丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯及丁酮加入到烧瓶中,然后加入重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,在70℃的条件下恒温并以速度为200rpm搅拌反应1.5h,降温至55℃后加入经4A分子筛脱水处理后的二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并进行恒温搅拌反应1h,其中,搅拌速度为400rpm,再升温至70℃,然后加入乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维,保温反应2h后降温至55℃,再加入三乙胺,保温成盐后降温至40℃,然后加入去离子水,再以搅拌速度为2000rpm搅拌保温分散30min,得羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液;
所述丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮、重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈、二月桂酸二丁基锡、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维、三乙胺及去离子水的比例为8g:0.5g:30g:0.1g:0.8g:1.0g:6.0g:1.0g:60ml。
实施例三
本发明所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
称取丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮及重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,再将丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯及丁酮加入到烧瓶中,然后加入重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,在75℃的条件下恒温并以速度为200rpm搅拌反应1.5h,降温至50℃后加入经4A分子筛脱水处理后的二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并进行恒温搅拌反应1h,其中,搅拌速度为400rpm,再升温至60℃,然后加入乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维,保温反应2h后降温至40℃,再加入三乙胺,保温成盐后降温至30℃,然后加入去离子水,再以搅拌速度为2000rpm搅拌保温分散30min,得羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液;
所述丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮、重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈、二月桂酸二丁基锡、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维、三乙胺及去离子水的比例为5g:3g:20g:0.5g:0.5g:5g:3g:5g:60ml。
实施例四
本发明所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
称取丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮及重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,再将丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯及丁酮加入到烧瓶中,然后加入重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,在75℃的条件下恒温并以速度为200rpm搅拌反应1.5h,降温至45℃后加入经4A分子筛脱水处理后的二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并进行恒温搅拌反应1h,其中,搅拌速度为400rpm,再升温至55℃,然后加入乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维,保温反应2h后降温至40℃,再加入三乙胺,保温成盐后降温至25℃,然后加入去离子水,再以搅拌速度为2000rpm搅拌保温分散30min,得羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液;
所述丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮、重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈、二月桂酸二丁基锡、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维、三乙胺及去离子水的比例为2g:2g:15g:0.3g:0.2g:3g:2g:3g:60ml。
实施例五
本发明所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
称取丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮及重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,再将丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯及丁酮加入到烧瓶中,然后加入重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,在77℃的条件下恒温并以速度为200rpm搅拌反应1.5h,降温至50℃后加入经4A分子筛脱水处理后的二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并进行恒温搅拌反应1h,其中,搅拌速度为400rpm,再升温至65℃,然后加入乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维,保温反应2h后降温至50℃,再加入三乙胺,保温成盐后降温至35℃,然后加入去离子水,再以搅拌速度为2000rpm搅拌保温分散30min,得羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液;
所述丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮、重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈、二月桂酸二丁基锡、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维、三乙胺及去离子水的比例为7g:5g:25g:8g:7g:7g:5g:8g:60ml。
实施例六
本发明所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
称取丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮及重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,再将丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯及丁酮加入到烧瓶中,然后加入重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,在74℃的条件下恒温并以速度为200rpm搅拌反应1.5h,降温至48℃后加入经4A分子筛脱水处理后的二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并进行恒温搅拌反应1h,其中,搅拌速度为400rpm,再升温至58℃,然后加入乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维,保温反应2h后降温至47℃,再加入三乙胺,保温成盐后降温至28℃,然后加入去离子水,再以搅拌速度为2000rpm搅拌保温分散30min,得羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液;
所述丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮、重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈、二月桂酸二丁基锡、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维、三乙胺及去离子水的比例为6g:5.5g:16g:0.8g:0.3g:6.5g:5.5g:5.5g:60ml。
通过本发明制备的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液制备胶膜时,只需将羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液倒入聚四氟乙烯板中流延成膜,室温下放置24h,再放入干燥烘箱中在40℃下干燥24h后取出,待冷却后,得胶膜,其中胶膜的厚度1mm。
本发明制备的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的平均粒径dn=70nm~200nm粒径分布PDI=0.085~0.120;羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液外观:乳白色(透明),泛蓝光,无沉淀;胶膜的拉伸强度=18.5MPa,断裂伸长率=331.8%。

Claims (7)

1.一种羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
称取丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮及重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,再将丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯及丁酮加入到烧瓶中,然后加入重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈,在70-78℃的条件下恒温搅拌反应,降温至40-55℃后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并进行恒温搅拌反应,再升温至50-70℃,然后加入乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维,保温反应后降温至35-55℃,再加入三乙胺,保温成盐后降温至20-40℃,然后加入去离子水,再进行搅拌保温分散,得羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丁酮、重结晶的偶氮二异丁腈、二月桂酸二丁基锡、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、乙酸甲酯溶解的醋酸纤维、三乙胺及去离子水的比例为1.0-8g:0.5-6.0g:10-30g:0.1-1g:0.1-0.8g:1.0-8.0g:1.0-6.0g:1.0-9.0g:60ml。
3.根据权利要求1所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,在70-78℃的条件下恒温搅拌反应的过程中搅拌的速度为200rpm,反应时间为1.5h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,降温至40-55℃后加入经4A分子筛脱水处理后的二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,降温至40-55℃后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,并恒温搅拌反应1h,其中,搅拌的速度为400rpm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,保温反应2h后降温至35-55℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的羧酸盐型醋酸纤维乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,搅拌保温分散的过程中搅拌的速度为2000rpm,保温搅拌分散的时间为30min。
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