CN105444145A - Boiler system utilizing garbage incineration synthesis gas - Google Patents
Boiler system utilizing garbage incineration synthesis gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN105444145A CN105444145A CN201511026841.0A CN201511026841A CN105444145A CN 105444145 A CN105444145 A CN 105444145A CN 201511026841 A CN201511026841 A CN 201511026841A CN 105444145 A CN105444145 A CN 105444145A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/40—Gasification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
- F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a boiler system utilizing garbage incineration synthesis gas, which has small heat conversion efficiency loss and higher heat recovery efficiency. The boiler system comprises a boiler body, wherein the boiler body is provided with a cyclone combustion chamber, a furnace chamber a and a furnace chamber b, which communicate with one another; a water wall is arranged in the cyclone combustion chamber; a superheater is arranged in the furnace chamber a; an evaporator is arranged is the furnace chamber b; a steam drum is arranged at the top end of the boiler body; a steam-water inlet is formed in the steam drum; the steam drum is connected with a water inlet of the water wall through a first downcomer to output water; the steam drum is connected with a water inlet of the evaporator through a second downcomer to output water; a steam outlet of the water wall and a steam outlet of the evaporator are connected with a steam inlet of the steam drum to reflux high-temperature steam; a saturated steam outlet of the steam drum is connected with a steam inlet of the superheater through a pipeline to input high-temperature steam to the superheater; and a steam outlet of the superheater outputs superheated steam.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste incineration processing technology field, particularly relate to the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas.
Background technology
Existing technology of garbage disposal mainly contains burning, sanitary landfills, compost, waste recovery etc.The advantages such as in garbage disposal routine techniques, it is obvious that burning disposal has reduced training, and thoroughly innoxious, occupation of land amount is little, and waste heat energy is utilized, and secondary pollution is few, meet the strategic requirement of China's sustainable development.But along with domestic and international improving constantly environmental requirement, how to strengthen the control of secondary pollution particularly important.Therefore, refuse pyrolysis gasification burning technology is shifted onto on the road of industrial applications gradually, what particularly mainly adopt now for domestic rubbish is all kinds of incineration technologies, and the industrialization widely of gasification burning technology is regenerated bringing the technological innovation of domestic garbage disposal industry.
For many years, China, to the scientific research of the gasification burning such as living beings, rubbish technology, is in progress a lot of, and the basic research in laboratory is a lot, also has application study, as the destructive gasifying of: rotary kiln type, vertical and fluidized bed type or temperature gasification and high fusion technology etc.But Technique Popularizing application is upper or there is a definite limitation, and raw material type, garbage treatment quantity, secondary pollution control and economic benefit etc. are principal elements.
In existing burning process and boiler plant, it is a lot of that boiler reclaims heat methods, technology maturation; Heating style is also many, as: the thermals source such as solar energy, smelting furnace waste heat, coal furnace, fluid bed, fixed bed, rotary kiln, utilize boiler to reclaim heat, for generating, heat supply, heating etc.
In sum, boiler plant technology maturation, but technically also can get a promotion:
1. the characteristic such as, complicated component high for China's house refuse water content, in the flue gas after burning, fly ash content is higher, and collecting ash is heavier, and the deashing repair and maintenance cycle is short.
2. being on the increase along with refuse production, sanitary fill is as mountain, and garbage treatment quantity must be effectively improved, could meeting the market requirement.
3., in the face of strict pollutant emission requirement, secondary pollution controls to be the key problem technically needing to solve.
4., in order to effectively increase economic efficiency, in rubbish heat treatment process, the organic efficiency of heat needs to improve.High-temperature flue gas heat after existing rubbish heat treatment technics adopts boiler to reclaim waste incineration usually, produce steam and shift steam turbine power generation onto, whole transition heat efficiency losses is comparatively large, processes identical quantity of refuse, relatively reduces thermal losses and improves heat exchanger effectiveness and just can improve the thermal efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of transition heat efficiency losses less, the refuse gasification that utilizes that the organic efficiency of heat is higher burns the steam generator system of synthesis gas.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas, comprise boiler body, described boiler body has cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber arranges smoke inlet, cyclone combustion chamber upper end is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, 3rd exhanst gas outlet of cyclone combustion chamber upper end is communicated with the upper end of furnace chamber a, described furnace chamber a, the lower end of furnace chamber b is communicated with, the upper end of described furnace chamber b arranges waste gas outlet, described cyclone firing indoor are circumferentially provided with ringwise water-cooling wall, superheater is provided with in described furnace chamber a, evaporimeter is provided with in furnace chamber b, the top of boiler body arranges drum, described cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b is all positioned at below drum, described drum is provided with carbonated drink import, water separator is provided with in drum, for separating of steam water interface, drum connects the water inlet of water-cooling wall by the first down-comer, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, drum connects the water inlet of evaporimeter by the second down-comer, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall, the venthole of evaporimeter connects the air intake of drum respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum connects the air intake of superheater by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam.
Further, also comprise steam output device, to water input system, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device, describedly comprise condenser, water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, the booster water pump of being connected successively by pipeline to water input system, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline between described water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, the water inlet of described condenser connects the discharge outlet of steam output device by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump connects the carbonated drink import of drum by pipeline.
The steam that steam output device has not utilized all can be converted to water by condenser, and absorb the heat of steam release, the Main Function of oxygen-eliminating device is exactly remove oxygen in boiler feedwater and other gas with it, ensure the quality of feedwater, booster water pump can improve hydraulic pressure, ensure to the water supply capacity of water input system, further heat recovery can be carried out to the water that steam output device is discharged to water input system, improve heat recovery efficiency.
In order to utilize superheated steam generation, preferably, described steam output device is steam turbine.
In order to the flue gas of discharging furnace chamber b carries out further heat recovery, improve heat recovery efficiency, further, described boiler body has furnace chamber c, the upper end of described furnace chamber c is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, and the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet, is provided with economizer in described furnace chamber c, the water inlet of described economizer is communicated with the delivery port of booster water pump, the delivery port of described economizer and the carbonated drink inlet communication of drum.
In order to the flue gas of discharging furnace chamber c carries out harmless treatment, preferably, the Waste gas outlet of furnace chamber c connects flue gas purification system, and described flue gas purification system comprises aeration tower, deduster, air-introduced machine, the chimney of connecting successively along discharge directions.
Further, also comprise the gasification furnace of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, incinerator and circulation air feed system thereof, can seal or be communicated with between gasification furnace and incinerator, the below of gasification furnace siege and the below of incinerator siege are respectively equipped with at least one independently air compartment, the face arch of described gasification furnace, rear arch are arranged respectively secondary for air port, the vault of described gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, the smoke inlet of described cyclone combustion chamber is communicated with the first exhanst gas outlet by pipeline, and the vault of described incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet;
Described circulation air feed system comprises dust arrester, first blower fan, second blower fan, the inlet end of described dust arrester is connected with the second exhanst gas outlet by pipeline, the outlet side of described dust arrester is connected by the inlet end of pipeline with the first blower fan, the outlet side of described first blower fan connects the house steward of the first manifold, the arm of described first manifold respectively with each air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth, each secondary on gasification furnace is communicated with for the smoke inlet of air port and cyclone combustion chamber, each arm of described first manifold arranges the first control valve respectively, the air inlet of described second blower fan is communicated with air, the gas outlet of described second blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of described second manifold respectively with incinerator moving hearth below each air compartment and the inlet end of dust arrester, outlet side is communicated with, each arm of described second manifold arranges the second control valve respectively.
Gasification furnace, incinerator are provided separately, the vault of gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, the vault of incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, be beneficial to the difference smoke treatment respectively according to flue gas quality, be conducive to flue gas ash removal simultaneously, can provide the flue gas of more high-quality, make the utilization rate of flue gas higher, the waste residue of discharge is less.
Second blower fan blasts air and provides First air for incinerator and provide temperature adjustment air feed for cyclone separator, the first blower fan, regulates wind supply quantity, incinerator residue is fully burnt by the second control valve on corresponding pipeline, then, first blower fan extracts the flue gas of incinerator, after temperature adjustment and cyclone collection flying dust, form First air and the Secondary Air of the flue gas supply gasification furnace of certain pressure, wind supply quantity is regulated by the first control valve on corresponding pipeline, rubbish in gasification furnace is made to produce gasification, flue gas containing a certain amount of synthesis gas in gasification furnace, discharge from the first exhanst gas outlet, enter cyclone combustion chamber processing links, the unnecessary flue gas that first blower fan extracts also enters cyclone combustion chamber simultaneously, take full advantage of the high-temperature flue gas that incinerator is discharged, put forward high-octane utilization rate, cyclone combustion chamber provides high-temperature flue gas.The stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator garbage treatment quantity of this structure is large, what the rubbish bed of material can experience dry, gasification and residue on stoker fired grate burns the stage, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content is high, complicated component, improve the energy conversion efficiency in garbage processing procedure and reduce pollutant discharge amount in flue gas, effectively prevent secondary pollution, and large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal can be realized, ensure that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, relative minimizing thermal losses and raising heat exchanger effectiveness, improve the thermal efficiency.
In order to the flue gas of discharging furnace chamber b carries out further heat recovery, improve heat recovery efficiency, preferably, described boiler body has furnace chamber c, the upper end of described furnace chamber c is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, and the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet, is provided with air preheater in described furnace chamber c, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the second manifold.
In order to reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, make the organic efficiency of heat higher, utilize the wind that the second blower fan bloats more fully, and be beneficial to the intake of meticulousr adjustment cyclone combustion chamber each several part, preferably, described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with some combustion airs for air port, described some combustion airs are positioned at smoke inlet for air port, between 3rd exhanst gas outlet, also comprise the 3rd manifold, the house steward of described 3rd manifold is communicated with the gas outlet of the second blower fan, each arm of described 3rd manifold is communicated with for air port with some combustion airs respectively, each arm of the 3rd manifold is arranged respectively the 3rd control valve.
In order to discharge the waste residue that in furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, flue gas deposition produces, and prevent waste residue effusion from producing pollution, preferably, be provided with common slag notch below described furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, this common slag notch is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace.
In order to discharge the waste residue that the indoor flue gas deposition of cyclone firing produces, and prevent from waste residue from overflowing producing polluting, preferably, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the taper slag notch that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this taper slag notch is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The water-cooling wall of annular is arranged on cyclone combustion chamber by this steam generator system, and synthesis gas is more abundant in cyclone firing Indoor Combustion, and the temperature that burning produces is higher, relatively reduces thermal losses and improves heat exchanger effectiveness.The origin of heat that this steam generator system reclaims is in the high-temperature synthesis gas flue gas of refuse gasification outlet of still, synthesis gas flue gas enters cyclone combustion chamber, tangential air-supplied combustion-supporting flammable synthesis gas in cyclone combustion chamber simultaneously, flue gas is successively through cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, economizer and air preheater.Recycling economizer preheating condensed water, preheating condensed water enters boiler part, and condensed water heats in water-cooling wall and evaporimeter, form saturated vapor and enter drum, after carbonated drink is separated, saturated vapor enters superheater, again adds thermosetting superheated steam and exports, can be used for generating, heat supply, heating etc.The present invention is novel, utilizes cyclone-burning method, decreases fly ash content in flue gas; Syngas combustion temperature is high, and gas residence time is long, and pollutant is effectively decomposed, and decreasing pollution thing discharges, and achieves the synthesis gas burning disposal after rubbish continuous gasification and heat recovery and utilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cyclone combustion chamber;
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is steam output device, to the structural representation of water input system;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of flue gas purification system;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of incinerator;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of circulation air feed system.
Reference numeral
1 is incinerator, and 101 is grate, and 102 is feed hopper, 103 is gasification furnace, and 104 is incinerator, and 105 is siege, 106 is garbage pusher device, and 107 is an air compartment, and 108 is windrow seal section, 109 to fall slag section for transition, and 110 is residue pusher, and 111 is isolating door, 112 is the first exhanst gas outlet, and 113 is the second exhanst gas outlet, and 114 is igniting combustion supporting hole, 115 for secondary is for air port, and 116 is slag notch, and 117 is the cinder notch that falls;
201 is dust arrester, and 202 is the first blower fan, and 203 is the second blower fan, and 204 is the first manifold, and 205 is the second manifold, and 206 is the 3rd manifold, and 207 is the first control valve, and 208 is the second control valve, and 209 is the 3rd control valve;
3 is cyclone combustion chamber, and 301 is combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, and 302 is taper slag notch, and 303 is smoke inlet, and 304 is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, and 305 for combustion air is for air port;
4 is boiler body, and 402 is furnace chamber a, and 403 is furnace chamber b, 404 is furnace chamber c, and 405 is water-cooling wall, and 406 is superheater, 407 is evaporimeter, and 408 is drum, and 409 is the first down-comer, 410 is the second down-comer, and 411 is steam output device, and 412 is to water input system, 413 is condenser, 414 is water pump, and 415 is oxygen-eliminating device, and 416 is booster water pump, 417 is moisturizing pipeline, 418 is economizer, and 419 is flue gas purification system, and 420 is aeration tower, 421 is deduster, 422 is air-introduced machine, and 423 is chimney, and 424 is air preheater.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, it is a kind of preferred embodiment utilizing refuse gasification to burn the steam generator system of synthesis gas.
In the present embodiment, steam generator system comprises gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104, boiler body 4 and circulation air feed system thereof, can seal or be communicated with between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, the below of gasification furnace 103 siege and the below of incinerator 104 siege are respectively equipped with two independently air compartments 107, the face arch of described gasification furnace 103, rear arch are arranged respectively secondary for air port 115, the vault of described gasification furnace 103 arranges the first exhanst gas outlet 112, and the vault of described incinerator 104 arranges the second exhanst gas outlet 113.
Described boiler body 4 has cyclone combustion chamber 3, furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403, furnace chamber c404, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 arranges smoke inlet 303, the smoke inlet 303 of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is communicated with the first exhanst gas outlet 112 of gasification furnace 103 by pipeline, cyclone combustion chamber 3 upper end is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304, described smoke inlet 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall, and the top of cyclone combustion chamber 3 arranges combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole 301.Discharge from the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 after fully mixing, burning in cyclone combustion chamber 3 to make flue gas, combustion air, described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with some combustion airs for air port 305, and described some combustion airs supply air port 305 between smoke inlet 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304.Described smoke inlet 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304, combustion air supply air port 305 along cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall radial direction or tangentially arrange.3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 of cyclone combustion chamber 3 upper end is communicated with the upper end of furnace chamber a402, the lower end of described furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403 is communicated with, the upper end of described furnace chamber b403 arranges waste gas outlet, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with the taper slag notch 302 that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this taper slag notch 302 is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103.Be provided with common slag notch below described furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403, this common slag notch is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103.In the present embodiment, this common slag notch and taper slag notch 302 are all communicated with the afterbody changeover portion of gasification furnace 103 burner hearth.
Ringwise water-cooling wall 405 is circumferentially with along inwall in described cyclone combustion chamber 3, superheater 406 is provided with in described furnace chamber a402, evaporimeter 407 is provided with in furnace chamber b403, the top of boiler body 4 arranges drum 408, described cyclone combustion chamber 3, furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403 is all positioned at below drum 408, described drum 408 is provided with carbonated drink import, for inputting steam water interface, water separator is provided with in drum 408, for separating of steam water interface, drum 408 connects the water inlet of water-cooling wall 405 by the first down-comer 409, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, drum 408 connects the water inlet of evaporimeter 407 by the second down-comer 410, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall 405, the venthole of evaporimeter 407 connects the air intake of drum 408 respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum 408 connects the air intake of superheater 406 by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater 406, the venthole of described superheater 406 exports superheated steam.
In the present embodiment, steam generator system also comprises steam output device 411, to water input system 412, in the present embodiment, described steam output device 411 is steam turbine.The venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device 411, described water input system 412 of giving comprises condenser 413, water pump 414, oxygen-eliminating device 415, the booster water pump 416 of being connected successively by pipeline, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline 417 between described water pump 414, oxygen-eliminating device 415, the water inlet of described condenser 413 connects the discharge outlet of steam output device 411 by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump 416 connects the carbonated drink import of drum 408 by pipeline.
The upper end of described furnace chamber c404 is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b403 upper end, the lower end of furnace chamber c404 arranges Waste gas outlet, economizer 418 is provided with in described furnace chamber c404, the water inlet of described economizer 418 is communicated with the delivery port of booster water pump 416, the delivery port of described economizer 418 and the carbonated drink inlet communication of drum 408.The Waste gas outlet of furnace chamber c404 connects flue gas purification system 419, and described flue gas purification system 419 comprises aeration tower 420, deduster 421, air-introduced machine 422, the chimney 423 of connecting successively along discharge directions.
Described circulation air feed system comprises dust arrester 201, first blower fan 202, second blower fan 203, in the present embodiment, described dust arrester 201 is cyclone separator or hot precipitator 421, and described first blower fan 202 is high-temperature blower, and described second blower fan 203 is air blast.The inlet end of described dust arrester 201 is connected with the second exhanst gas outlet 113 by pipeline, the outlet side of described dust arrester 201 is connected by the inlet end of pipeline with the first blower fan 202, the outlet side of described first blower fan 202 connects the house steward of the first manifold 204, the arm of described first manifold 204 respectively with each air compartment 107 of the below of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth, each secondary on gasification furnace 103 is communicated with for the smoke inlet 303 of air port 115 and cyclone combustion chamber 3, each arm of described first manifold 204 arranges the first control valve 207 respectively, the air inlet of described second blower fan 203 is communicated with material pit air, the foul smell distributed in material pit can be absorbed, the gas outlet of described second blower fan 203 connects the house steward of the second manifold 205, the arm of described second manifold 205 respectively with incinerator 104 moving hearth below each air compartment 107 and the inlet end of dust arrester 201, outlet side is communicated with, each arm of described second manifold 205 arranges the second control valve 208 respectively.Also comprise the 3rd manifold 206, the house steward of described 3rd manifold 206 is communicated with the gas outlet of the second blower fan 203, each arm of described 3rd manifold 206 is communicated with for air port 305 with some combustion airs respectively, each arm of the 3rd manifold 206 is arranged respectively the 3rd control valve 209.Air preheater 424 is provided with in described furnace chamber c404, in the present embodiment, air preheater 424 is positioned at the downstream of economizer 418, the outlet side of described second blower fan 203 connects the air inlet of air preheater 424, the gas outlet of air preheater 424 connects the house steward of the second manifold 206, and the house steward of described 3rd manifold 206 is communicated with the gas outlet of air preheater 424.
See Fig. 6, Fig. 7, for concrete structure and the circulation air feed system thereof of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1, comprise grate 101, and along feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 that feedstock direction sets gradually on grate 101, the rear of incinerator 104 is the slag notch 116 of incinerator 104, described incinerator 104 is provided with cinder notch 117, the slag notch 116 of described incinerator 104 is positioned at incinerator and falls immediately below cinder notch 117, described in the cinder notch 117 that falls be communicated with by the slag notch of pipeline with dust arrester 201.This sealing structure is effective, effectively can hold decreasing pollution thing discharge capacity.Gasification furnace 103 gasifying containing charcoal part mainly to rubbish, and discharge flammable gasification flue gas and rubbish residue, incinerator 104 mainly carries out the burning process of carbon residue, and discharges innoxious lime-ash.The siege 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 all adopts the stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 of segmentation drive, the fire grate of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is forward lapped by moving grate plate and fixed grate plate, collect alternately and form, adjacent many groups moving grate plate is connected by pull bar, adopts a set of drive unit to drive.Stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is as the carrier of conveying garbage, and its embodiment can be all types of moving hearths 105, as chain-plate type, drum-type, multisection type fire grate system etc.
Described grate 101 is provided with garbage pusher device 106, described garbage pusher device 106 is positioned at the below of feed hopper 102, for the rubbish in feed hopper 102 is pushed in gasification furnace 103, the below of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105 and the below of incinerator 104 moving hearth 105 are respectively equipped with at least one air compartment 107 independently arranged, in the present embodiment, the fire grate corresponding with an air compartment 107 of gasification furnace 103 first half, drive unit, as the dryer section of gasification furnace 103 siege 105, the fire grate that an air compartment 107 latter half of with gasification furnace 103 is corresponding, drive unit is as the gasification section of gasification furnace 103 siege 105.The dryer section of gasification furnace 103 siege 105, gasification section can adopt 1-2 independently air compartment 107 air feed respectively, also can adopt 3-4 independently air compartment 107 air feed respectively.Certainly, fire grate, drive unit and air compartment 107 also can not corresponding settings, better regulate the bed of material on moving hearth 105 to move and air distribution relation.Incinerator 104 can adopt 1-4 independently air compartment 107 air feed, burns rear lime-ash and gets rid of from slag notch, enter next step treatment process.
Windrow seal section 108 is provided with between described feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103, garbage pusher device 106 work enters position and is in windrow seal section 108, garbage raw material is put into from feed hopper 102 and is fallen, garbage pusher device 106 retreats, advance, pusher forms windrow at windrow seal section 108 back and forth again, makes gasification furnace 103 entrance be in windrow sealing state, strengthen gasification furnace 103 sealing effectiveness, solve garbage pusher device 106 and feed hopper 102 easily leakage problem.When needing complete prepurging to dispose all rubbish, garbage pusher device 106 is forward impelling half stroke again, is pushed completely in gasification furnace 103 by rubbish, makes gasification furnace 103 entrance lose windrow sealing effectiveness.Grate 101 part between described gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 leaves transition to fall slag section 109, the described transition slag section 109 that falls is provided with residue pusher 110, for the rubbish fallen in gasification furnace 103 residue is pushed in incinerator 104, transition fall slag section 109 pile up rubbish residue time can be in windrow sealing state, strengthen gasification furnace 103 sealing effectiveness, solve the problem of wind of going here and there between gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.In the present embodiment, described transition falls in slag section 109 and is provided with isolating door 111 to be opened/closed, and described isolating door 111 is for cutting off gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.At the furnace lifting initial stage or when needing to control to alter wind between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator, close isolating door 111, after the slag section that falls stacks the sealing of a certain amount of residue formation windrow, isolating door 111 can be kept to open, the residue pusher 110 arranged with below is coordinated to use, to realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
The upper end of described gasification furnace 103, the upper end of incinerator 104 are respectively in the shape that arches upward, and the face arch of described gasification furnace 103 is flat construction, or the face arch of gasification furnace 103 is that rear end is inclined upwardly structure.The vault of described gasification furnace 103 arranges the first exhanst gas outlet 112, and the vault of described incinerator 104 arranges the second exhanst gas outlet 113, and the arching upward of described gasification furnace 103 upper end, the arching upward of incinerator 104 upper end are respectively equipped with igniting combustion supporting hole 114.Gasification flue gas is got rid of from the first exhanst gas outlet 112, second exhanst gas outlet 113, and gasification furnace 103 furnace cavity, compared with traditional incinerator, reduces relatively; Forward and backward arch and moving hearth 105 relative position diminish, and decrease the space that incinerator takies, and are also easier to insulation, decrease the amount of leakage of heat, be conducive to rubbish and fully gasify.The face arch of described gasification furnace 103, rear arch are arranged respectively secondary for air port 115.
Gasification furnace 103 First air is that the flue gas generation certain pressure of high-temperature blower extraction incinerator 104 blasts in an air compartment 107 corresponding below gasification furnace 103 stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105, again by an air holes spray penetration rubbish on moving hearth 105, gasify, regulate wind supply quantity by the first control valve 207 on each arm of correspondence.Gasification furnace 103 Secondary Air is that the flue gas generation certain pressure of high-temperature blower extraction incinerator 104 blasts gasification furnace 103 burner hearth, and its spray-hole is arranged on gasification furnace 103 face arch and rear arch.Forward and backward arch is provided with secondary for air port 115, improves gasification efficiency, strengthen polymer substance in flue gas and decompose.Rear arch has igniting combustion supporting hole 114, in furnace lifting, baker and stable gasification furnace 103, temperature uses, and regulates wind supply quantity by the first control valve 207 on each arm of correspondence.The air inlet of described second blower fan 203 is communicated with air, and the air that the second blower fan 203 blasts can be cold wind or the hot blast after heating.The gas outlet of described second blower fan 203 connects the house steward of the second manifold 205, the arm of described second manifold 205 is communicated with the inlet end of each air compartment 107 below incinerator 104 moving hearth 105 and dust arrester 201, outlet side respectively, and each arm of described second manifold 205 arranges the second control valve 208 respectively.Incinerator 104 First air is that the air of certain pressure blasts in an air compartment 107 corresponding below stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 by air blast, again by an air holes spray penetration residue on moving hearth 105, carry out residual burning, regulate wind supply quantity by the first control valve 207 on each arm of correspondence.The inlet end of dust arrester 201, the air intake of outlet side are temperature adjustment air feed, temperature adjustment air feed is that the air of certain pressure is blasted incinerator 104 and exports (i.e. cyclone inlet) and carry out temperature adjustment by air blast, simultaneously, Cyclone outlet (i.e. high-temperature blower entrance) blasts further temperature adjustment, regulates wind supply quantity by the first control valve 207 on each arm of correspondence.
Circulation air feed system is to the waste disposal method after stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator air feed, and the method is carried out according to the following steps:
Steps A, close the gate that stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 ventilates with air, start mechanical grate-type refuse gasification incinerator 1, garbage raw material is dropped into feed hopper 102, garbage pusher device 106 pusher back and forth, the garbage raw material fallen from feed hopper 102 is pushed feed hopper 102, windrow seal section 108 between gasification furnace 103, windrow seal section 108 is made to form windrow sealing state, unnecessary rubbish falls into the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works, rubbish is conveyed into transition to fall slag section 109, residue pusher 110 pusher back and forth, rubbish transition fallen in slag section 109 pushes in incinerator 104, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 works conveying garbage, until rubbish is at gasification furnace 103, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 is accumulated to required thickness: 0.6-0.8m, , during baker, the rubbish piled up can protect moving hearth 105, prevent scaling loss siege 105.Stop feeding intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 quits work, then, communicate with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 respectively with the igniting combustion supporting hole 114 of start-up burner by gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, under the effect of start-up burner, furnace lifting, baker are carried out to gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, treats that this process stabilization completes, make gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 burner hearth reach predetermined temperature 600-700 DEG C; The object of baker is to remove Natural Water in lining and the crystallization water, in order to avoid when going into operation because furnace temperature rises too fast, moisture content expands in a large number to cause body of heater spalling, bubbling or be out of shape even furnace wall and collapses, and affects intensity and the service life of heating furnace furnace wall.
Step B, start and regulate circulation air feed system 2, regulate gasification furnace 103, technological parameter (the pusher speed of incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2, fire grate speed, a wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, negative pressure in stove, thickness of feed layer etc.), feed intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works conveying garbage, rubbish starts to burn in the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, rubbish residue transition fall slag section 109 place pile up formed windrow sealing, the burner hearth combustion state temperature of gasification furnace 103 is made to be stabilized to more than 850 DEG C, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 works and exports the rubbish residue after burning.
Step C, regulate each technological parameter (in pusher speed, fire grate speed, wind-warm syndrome, blast and an air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, stove negative pressure, thickness of feed layer etc.) of gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2, gasification furnace 103 gasifies to rubbish gradually, gasification temperature is stabilized between 700-800 DEG C, make the stable high-temperature flue gas produced containing 10%-20% synthesis gas of gasification furnace 103, gasification furnace 103 vaporized state is stable carries out low temperature, middle temperature or high-temperature gasification.Make incinerator 104 fired state temperature stabilization to more than 850 DEG C, realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal; Each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber 3 need be regulated simultaneously, make cyclone combustion chamber 3 the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 temperature stabilization to more than 850 DEG C.
Step D, need overhaul or blowing out time, stopping feeds intake, regulate the technological parameter of gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2, gasification furnace 103 is made to return to fired state gradually, after rubbish and rubbish residue burn, close stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and circulation air feed system 2.Each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber 3 need be regulated simultaneously, make gasification furnace 103 return to fired state gradually.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (10)
1. the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas, comprise boiler body, it is characterized in that: described boiler body has cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber arranges smoke inlet, cyclone combustion chamber upper end is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, 3rd exhanst gas outlet of cyclone combustion chamber upper end is communicated with the upper end of furnace chamber a, described furnace chamber a, the lower end of furnace chamber b is communicated with, the upper end of described furnace chamber b arranges waste gas outlet, described cyclone firing indoor are circumferentially provided with ringwise water-cooling wall, superheater is provided with in described furnace chamber a, evaporimeter is provided with in furnace chamber b, the top of boiler body arranges drum, described cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b is all positioned at below drum, described drum is provided with carbonated drink import, water separator is provided with in drum, for separating of steam water interface, drum connects the water inlet of water-cooling wall by the first down-comer, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, drum connects the water inlet of evaporimeter by the second down-comer, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall, the venthole of evaporimeter connects the air intake of drum respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum connects the air intake of superheater by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam.
2. the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise steam output device, to water input system, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device, describedly comprise the condenser of being connected successively by pipeline to water input system, water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, booster water pump, described water pump, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline between oxygen-eliminating device, the water inlet of described condenser connects the discharge outlet of steam output device by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump connects the carbonated drink import of drum by pipeline.
3. the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described steam output device is steam turbine.
4. the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described boiler body has furnace chamber c, the upper end of described furnace chamber c is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet, economizer is provided with in described furnace chamber c, the water inlet of described economizer is communicated with the delivery port of booster water pump, the delivery port of described economizer and the carbonated drink inlet communication of drum.
5. the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the Waste gas outlet of furnace chamber c connects flue gas purification system, and described flue gas purification system comprises aeration tower, deduster, air-introduced machine, the chimney of connecting successively along discharge directions.
6. the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gasification furnace also comprising stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, incinerator and circulation air feed system thereof, can seal or be communicated with between gasification furnace and incinerator, the below of gasification furnace siege and the below of incinerator siege are respectively equipped with at least one independently air compartment, the face arch of described gasification furnace, rear arch is arranged respectively secondary for air port, the vault of described gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, the smoke inlet of described cyclone combustion chamber is communicated with the first exhanst gas outlet by pipeline, the vault of described incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet,
Described circulation air feed system comprises dust arrester, first blower fan, second blower fan, the inlet end of described dust arrester is connected with the second exhanst gas outlet by pipeline, the outlet side of described dust arrester is connected by the inlet end of pipeline with the first blower fan, the outlet side of described first blower fan connects the house steward of the first manifold, the arm of described first manifold respectively with each air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth, each secondary on gasification furnace is communicated with for the smoke inlet of air port and cyclone combustion chamber, each arm of described first manifold arranges the first control valve respectively, the air inlet of described second blower fan is communicated with air, the gas outlet of described second blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of described second manifold respectively with incinerator moving hearth below each air compartment and the inlet end of dust arrester, outlet side is communicated with, each arm of described second manifold arranges the second control valve respectively.
7. the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described boiler body has furnace chamber c, the upper end of described furnace chamber c is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet, air preheater is provided with in described furnace chamber c, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the second manifold.
8. the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with some combustion airs for air port, described some combustion airs supply air port between smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, also comprise the 3rd manifold, the house steward of described 3rd manifold is communicated with the gas outlet of the second blower fan, each arm of described 3rd manifold is communicated with for air port with some combustion airs respectively, each arm of the 3rd manifold is arranged respectively the 3rd control valve.
9. the steam generator system utilizing refuse gasification to burn synthesis gas according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: be provided with common slag notch below described furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, this common slag notch is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace.
10. the refuse gasification that utilizes according to claim 6 burns the steam generator system of synthesis gas, it is characterized in that: the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the taper slag notch that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this taper slag notch is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace.
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| CN108775573A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-09 | 江西四冶钢结构有限责任公司 | A kind of novel electricity generation boiler of burning away the refuse |
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| CN105444145B (en) | 2017-10-13 |
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