CN105418563B - Tak‑875类似物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
Tak‑875类似物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105418563B CN105418563B CN201511003631.XA CN201511003631A CN105418563B CN 105418563 B CN105418563 B CN 105418563B CN 201511003631 A CN201511003631 A CN 201511003631A CN 105418563 B CN105418563 B CN 105418563B
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- bases
- compound
- dimethyl
- xenyl
- coumaran
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- C07D307/79—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及TAK‑875类似物及其制备方法与应用。具体而言,本发明涉及具有通式(Ι)结构的化合物,还涉及其各种光学异构体,药学上可接受的盐,溶剂合物以及前药。本发明还涉及含有式(Ι)结构化合物的药物组合物及其制药用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物技术领域,尤其涉及TAK-875类似物及其制备方法与在降血糖方面的医药用途。
背景技术
根据国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)2014年的报道,全世界有3.87亿人患有糖尿病,预计,2035年糖尿病患者将增加2.05亿,世界各地的糖尿病患者中有90%的为二型糖尿病病人。二型糖尿病(过去称为非胰岛素依赖或成人发病型糖尿病)由于人体无法有效利用胰岛素造成。GPR40是一种G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR),主要表达在胰岛β细胞和小肠的内分泌细胞。GPR40是一种新型的治疗二型糖尿病的靶标。由日本武田制药公司开发的二型糖尿病治疗药物TAK-875(本发明命名为化合物1)是一种口服有效的GPR40受体激动剂。作为葡萄糖依赖性药物,有效降低了低血糖风险。但其药效和药动方面还有待进一步提高。
TAK-875的结构如下:
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,克服现有技术的不足,提供了一种TAK-875类似物及其制备方法,本发明还提供TAK-875类似物的制药应用。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一、TAK-875类似物
本发明所述的TAK-875类似物具有通式(Ι)所示的结构,及其各种光学异构体,药学上可接受的盐,溶剂合物以及前药:
其中通式(Ι)中:*是立体构型为R或S光学纯度或消旋体,优选是S构型光学纯异构体。
根据本发明优选的,TAK-875亚砜类似物,为如下化合物之一:
2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸、
2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸、
2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((R)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸。
二、TAK-875类似物的制备方法
TAK-875类似物的制备方法,其特征在于包括下列之一:
(1)合成路线1:2与对甲基苯磺酰氯反应得到化合物3,化合物4与3-醛基苯硼酸发生铃木反应得到化合物5。在碳酸钾存在下,化合物3与化合物5反应得到化合物6,硼氢化钠还原得化合物7。中间体8是根据文献报道(WO 2012/111849 A1)方法合成。化合物7与中间体8发生Mitsunobu反应得化合物9,最后经过氧化,水解得终产物11。
合成路线1:
上述合成路线1反应式的试剂与条件是:(a)对甲苯磺酰氯,三乙胺,二氯甲烷,30℃,77.0%(ω%);(b)3-醛基苯硼酸,双三苯基膦二氯化钯,二甲基亚砜,碳酸钠(2M),85℃,71.5%(ω%);(c)碳酸钾,二甲基甲酰胺,90℃,80.0%(ω%);(d)硼氢化钠,甲醇,四氢呋喃,0℃–室温,87.7%(ω%);(e)中间体8,三苯基膦,偶氮二甲酸二乙酯,四氢呋喃,室温,65.8%(ω%);(f)30%(ω%)双氧水,三氟乙酸,甲醇,四氢呋喃,0℃–室温,84.5%(ω%);(g)甲醇,四氢呋喃,2M氢氧化钠,50℃,盐酸(2M),0℃,61.5%(ω%)。
制备上述TAK-875类似物的关键中间体2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(10),该中间体的制备方法如下:
称量(S)-2-(6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯于反应瓶中,加入甲醇和四氢呋喃,冰浴下,滴加30%双氧水,滴加完双氧水后再滴加三氟乙酸,反应半小时后,撤冰浴,室温反应两天,浓缩,经柱层析分离得到产物。
本发明的TAK-875类似物2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(11)的合成方法为:
称量2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯溶于甲醇和四氢呋喃混合液中,加入2M氢氧化钠,50℃反应2小时;移至冰浴中2M盐酸酸化,有大量白色固体析出,用乙酸乙酯萃取三遍,再用饱和氯化钠溶液洗两遍,无水硫酸镁干燥后,浓缩,经柱层析分离得到产物。
(2)拆分路线2:利用CHIRALPAK ADH柱子,手性制备拆分化合物11,得化合物12和13.
拆分路线2:
上述拆分路线2反应式的试剂与条件是:(a)CHIRALPAK ADH手性色谱柱,二氧化碳/甲醇(60/40,V/V)。
(3)合成路线3:在催化剂四异丙氧基钛,氧化剂过氧化羟基异丙苯,手性配体D-(-)-酒石酸二乙酯的存在下,从化合物9不对称合成化合物14,水解得化合物16.化合物17的合成相似于化合物16的合成,只是将手性配体换成了L-(+)-酒石酸二乙酯。
合成路线3:
上述合成路线3反应式的试剂与条件是:(a)四异丙氧基钛,过氧化羟基异丙苯,D-(-)-酒石酸二乙酯,二氯甲烷,-15℃,77.5%(ω%);(b)甲醇,四氢呋喃,2M氢氧化钠,50℃,2M盐酸,0℃,61.5%(ω%),66.4%非对映异构体过量值;(c)四异丙氧基钛,过氧化羟基异丙苯,L-(+)-酒石酸二乙酯,二氯甲烷,-15℃,72.5%(ω%);(d)甲醇,四氢呋喃,2M氢氧化钠,50℃,2M盐酸,0℃,67.5%(ω%),71.0%非对映异构体过量值。
本发明制备上述TAK-875类似物的关键中间体为2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(14)或2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((R)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(15),该中间体的不对称制备方法如下:
称量(S)-2-(6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯于反应瓶中,加入溶剂,滴加四异丙氧基钛,再滴加D-(-)-酒石酸二乙酯或L-(+)-酒石酸二乙酯,室温搅拌5分钟,冷却至-15℃,滴加氧化剂,反应2小时,浓缩,经柱层析分离得到产物。
优选的,此制备方法中所用溶剂为卤代烃,芳香烃或二氧六环,进一步优选的,为二氯甲烷,三氯甲烷,苯,甲苯,二甲苯或二氧六环。
优选的,此制备方法中的氧化剂为过氧化羟基异丙苯或过氧化叔丁醇。
优选的,此制备方法,加入氧化剂后,反应温度控制在-20℃至-10℃之间,进一步优选-15℃。
本发明所述的TAK-875类似物2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(16)或2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((R)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(17)的合成方法:
称量2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯或2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((R)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯溶于甲醇和四氢呋喃混合液中,加入2M氢氧化钠,50℃反应2小时;移至冰浴中2M盐酸酸化,有大量白色固体析出,用乙酸乙酯萃取三遍,再用饱和氯化钠溶液洗两遍,无水硫酸镁干燥后,浓缩,经柱层析分离得到产物。
三、TAK-875类似物的应用
本发明的化合物11,12,13以及对照药物1(TAK-875)体外GPR40激动活性是通过HEK293/GPR40/NFAT/βla细胞系钙流活性实验来实现的。HEK 293/GPR40/NFAT/βla细胞系在含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基中培养。24小时后去除培养基。加入不含钙离子的Fluo8,培养1小时,细胞板,化合物板和移液吸头放到FLIPR的相应位置读数。结果由Screen Works软件获得,EC50值由Prism 5软件算得。
本发明的11,12,13以及对照药物1(TAK-875)的药物动力学研究。分别在6只Wistar雄性大鼠上实施,给药剂量为3mg/kg。药物灌胃后,收集血样,离心的血浆,乙腈加到血浆中,离心,由LC/MC检测上清液的化合物浓度,药动参数由DAS 2.0计算得到。
本发明的1,11,16和17的药效学作用是通过对链佐菌素(STZ)所致的大鼠二型糖尿病模型的降血糖作用来实现的。首先建立大鼠二型糖尿病模型。然后取糖尿病模型大鼠给药前禁食不禁水>10h后,称重,测空腹血糖值,随机分为1组、11组、16组、17组和Control组,每组3只。分别将1、11、16、17用Tween-80溶成浓度为5%溶液,给药剂量为5mg/kg,给药方式为口服灌胃;Control组只给予Tween-80溶液口服灌胃,5组大鼠每天灌药1次。连续灌药21d后,对5组大鼠行OGTT实验,方法为:实验前大鼠禁食不禁水>10h,测空腹血糖,给药1h后再测血糖,然后给予每只大鼠1g/kg葡萄糖灌胃前测血糖,再分别在30、60、120分钟尾尖取血测血糖。测量血糖浓度。在剂量依赖的相关性研究中,相对control组的统计学意义评估是通过Tukey检验实现的。
含有本发明化合物的药物组合物。
本发明化合物的前药形式,如化合物的甲酯,化合物的乙酯形式等等。
本发明的部分衍生物可以游离形式或以盐形式存在。本领域技术人员己知许多化合物类型的药学上可接受的盐及其制备方法。药学上可接受的盐包括常规的无毒性的盐,包括这样的化合物碱与无机或有机酸形成的季铵盐。
本发明的化合物可形成水合物或溶剂合物。本领域熟练人员己知将化合物与水一起冻干时所形成的水合物或在溶液中与合适的有机溶剂浓缩时形成溶剂合物的方法。
本发明包含含有治疗量本发明化合物的药物,和一种或多种药学上可接受载体和/或赋形剂的药物组合物。载体包括如盐水,缓冲盐水,葡萄糖,水,甘油,乙醇和它们的结合物,下文更详细地论述。如果需要,该组合物还可以包含较小量的润湿剂或乳化剂,或pH缓冲剂。该组合物可以是液体,悬浮液,乳剂,片剂,丸剂,胶囊,持续释放制剂或粉末。该组合物可以用传统的黏合剂和载体如三酸甘油酯配制成栓剂。口服制剂可以包括标准载体如药物品级的甘露糖醇,乳糖,淀粉,硬脂酸镁,糖精钠,纤维素和碳酸镁等等。视需要制剂而定,配制可以设计混合,制粒和压缩或溶解成分。在另一个途径中,该组合物可以配制成纳米颗粒。
使用的药物载体可以为固体或者液体。
典型的固体载体包括乳糖,石膏粉,蔗糖,滑石,凝胶,琼脂,果胶,阿拉伯胶,硬脂酸镁,硬脂酸等等。固体载体可以包括一种或多种可能同时作为增香剂,润滑剂,增溶剂,悬浮剂,填料,助流剂,压缩助剂,粘合剂或片剂-崩解剂的物质;它还可以是包封材料。在粉末中,载体为精细粉碎的固体,它与精细粉碎的活性成分的混合。在片剂中活性成分与具有必要的压缩性质的载体以合适的比例混合,以需要的形状和大小压缩。粉末和片剂优选包含至多99%活性成分。合适的固体载体包括,例如,磷酸钙,硬脂酸镁,滑石,糖,乳糖,糊精,淀粉,凝胶,纤维素,甲基纤维素,羧甲基纤维素钠盐,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,低熔点蜡和离子交换树脂。
典型的液体载体包括糖浆,花生油,橄榄油,水等等。液体载体用于制备溶液,悬浮液,乳剂,糖浆,酊剂和密封的组合物。活性成分可以溶解或悬浮于药学上可接受的液体载体如水,有机溶剂,二者的混合物或药学上可接受的油类或脂肪。液体载体可以包含其他合适的药物添加剂如增溶剂,乳化剂,缓冲剂,防腐剂,增甜剂,增香剂,悬浮剂,增稠剂,颜料,粘度调节剂,稳定形或渗透压-调节剂。用于口服和肠胃外给药的液体载体的合适的例子包括水(部分地包含如同上述的添加剂,例如纤维素衍生物,优选羧甲基纤维素钠盐溶液),醇(包括一元醇和多元醇,例如乙二醇)和它们的衍生物,和油类(例如分馏椰子油和花生油)。用于肠胃外给药的载体还可以为油脂如油酸乙酯和异丙基肉豆寇酸盐。无菌的液体载体用于肠胃外给药的无菌的液态组合物。用于加压组合物的液体载体可以为卤代烃或其他药学上可接受的推进剂。无菌溶液或悬浮溶液液体药物组合物可以用来,例如,静脉内,肌内,腹膜内或皮下注射。注射时可单次推入或逐渐注入,入30分钟的经脉内灌注。该化合物还可以以液体或者固体组合物的形式口服给药。
载体或赋形剂可以包括本领域己知的时间延迟材料,如单硬脂酸甘油酯或二硬脂酸甘油酯,还可包括蜡,乙基纤维素,羟丙基甲基纤维素,异丁烯酸甲酯等等。当制剂用于口服时,公认PHOSALPG-50(磷脂(phospholipid)与1,2丙二醇浓缩,A.Nattermann&Cie.GmbH)中的0.01%吐温80用于其他化合物的可接受的口服制剂的配制,可以适应于本发明各种化合物的配制。
给予本发明化合物时可以使用各式各样的药物形式。如果使用固体载体,制剂可以为片剂,被放入硬胶囊中的粉末或小药丸形式或锭剂或糖锭形式。固体载体的量在很大程度上变化,但是优选从约25mg到约1.Og。如果使用液体载体,制剂可以为糖浆,乳剂,软胶囊,在安瓿或小瓶或非水的液体悬浮液中的无菌注射溶液或悬浮液。
为了获得稳定的水溶性的剂型,可以将化合物或其药学上可接受的盐溶于有机或无机酸的水溶液,0.3M琥珀酸或拧棱酸溶液。选择性地,酸性的衍生物可以溶于合适的碱性溶液。如果得不到可溶形式,可将化合物溶于合适的共溶剂或它们的结合。这样的合适的共溶剂的例子包括,但是不局限于,浓度范围从0-60%总体积的乙醇,丙二醇,聚乙二醇300,聚山梨酸醋80,甘油,聚氧乙烯脂肪酸醋,脂肪醇或甘油羟脂肪酸酯等等。
各种释放系统是己知的并且可以用于化合物或其他各种制剂的给药,这些制剂包括片剂,胶囊,可注射的溶液,脂质体中的胶囊,微粒,微胶囊,等等。引入的方法包括但是不局限于皮肤的,皮内,肌内,腹膜内的,静脉内的,皮下的,鼻腔内的,肺的,硬膜外的,眼睛的和(通常优选的)口服途径。化合物可以通过任何方便的或者其它适当的途径给药,例如通过注入或快速浓注,通过上皮的或粘膜线路(例如,口腔粘膜,直肠和肠粘膜,等等)吸收或通过负载药物的支架以及可以于其他生物活性剂一起给药。可以全身或局部给药。
附图说明
图1是化合物1,11,12和13及其代谢产物的平均血浆浓度,分别为图A,B,C,D,图中数值为6只雄性大鼠的平均值;横坐标是时间(单位:小时),纵坐标是血药浓度(单位:纳克每毫升)。
图2是1(TAK-875)组、11组、16组、17组和Control组在二型糖尿病模型的OGTT实验。(A)显示了口服葡萄糖后的血糖变化。横坐标是时间(单位:分钟),纵坐标是血糖浓度(单位:毫摩尔每升)(B)分别代表了图(A)所示的AUC0-120min,图中数值为3只雄性大鼠的平均值。横坐标是分组,纵坐标是血糖曲线下面积(单位:毫摩尔每升每分钟)。由Tukey检验,相比Control组,*P≤0.05。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施实例对本发明做进一步说明,但不限于此。
实施例1:
关键中间体(S)-2-(6-羟基-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(8)的合成及对照药物1(TAK-875)的合成参照已发表的文献(WO 2012/111849 A1)。
2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(11)的合成:
(1)3-(甲硫基)丙基4-苯磺酸甲酯(2)的合成:
称量对甲苯磺酰氯(11.2g)于250mL反应瓶中,加入100mL无水二氯甲烷,再加入12mL三乙胺,室温下滴加3-甲硫基丙醇(4.0mL),30℃反应过夜。加入大量二氯甲烷,用2M盐酸洗至酸性,饱和氯化钠溶液洗两遍,无水硫酸镁干燥后,用乙酸乙酯/石油醚体系过flash柱,蒸干得8.0g无色油状液体,产率77.0%。IR(KBr)2960,2919,1598,1363,1189,1097,958,915,815,665,576,555.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.80-1.86(m,2H),1.96(s,3H),2.41-2.50(m,5H),4.11(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),7.47(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.79(d,J=8.3Hz,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ14.84,21.51,28.20,29.37,69.82,128.02,130.59,132.89,145.34.ESI-MS m/z:261.2[M+H]+。
(2)4’-羟基-2’,6’-二甲基联苯基-3-甲醛(5)的合成:
称量4-溴-3,5-二甲基苯酚(2.0g),3-甲酰基苯硼酸(1.6g),和双三苯基磷二氯化钯(0.07g)于100mL双颈瓶中,加入20mL二甲基亚砜。抽真空,冲氩气保护。注入2M碳酸钠溶液(3mL),抽真空,冲氩气保护。85℃反应过夜。冷却至室温,加入大量水,用乙酸乙酯萃取三遍,1M盐酸洗乙酸乙酯层至酸性,再用饱和氯化钠溶液洗两遍,无水硫酸镁干燥后,用乙酸乙酯/石油醚体系过flash柱,蒸干得1.62g白色固体,产率71.5%。熔点:110-112℃.IR(KBr)3343,1683,1679,1611,1577,1456,1382,1309,1245,1184,1152,1029,853,726,705,651.1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.90(s,6H),6.57(s,2H),7.45-7.48(m,1H),7.63-7.68(m,2H),7.86-7.89(m,1H),9.27(s,1H),10.05(s,1H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ20.59,114.18,127.24,129.25,130.95,131.03,135.93,136.29,136.39,141.47,156.29,193.23.ESI-MS m/z:225.4[M-H]-。
(3)2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-甲醛(6)的合成:
称量3-(甲硫基)丙基4-苯磺酸甲酯(1.76g),4’-羟基-2’,6’-二甲基联苯基-3-甲醛(1.84g),和碳酸钾(0.93g),加入15mL二甲基甲酰胺,90℃反应24小时。冷却至室温,加入大量水,用乙酸乙酯萃取三遍,1M盐酸洗乙酸乙酯层至酸性,再用饱和氯化钠溶液洗两遍,无水硫酸镁干燥后,用乙酸乙酯/石油醚体系过flash柱,蒸干得1.7g无色油状液体,产率80.0%。IR(KBr)3042,2916,2865,2724,1693,1602,1578,1466,1320,1281,1177,1162,1150,1065,855,800,704,651.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.93(s,6H),1.95-2.01(m,2H),2.04(s,3H),2.61(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),4.05(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),6.72(s,2H),7.41(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.61(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.66(s,1H),7.86(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),10.03(s,1H).13CNMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ15.14,21.11,28.86,30.37,66.20,113.78,127.98,129.66,131.18,133.08,136.09,136.98,137.02,141.72,158.04,193.21.ESI-MS m/z:315.3[M+H]+。
(4)(2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲醇(7)的合成:
称量2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-甲醛(1.7g)于50mL反应瓶中,加入无水甲醇(8mL)和无水四氢呋喃(16mL)。冰浴搅拌下缓缓加入0.2g硼氢化钠,反应半小时,撤冰浴,室温反应过夜。加入大量水,用乙酸乙酯萃取三遍,1M盐酸洗乙酸乙酯层至酸性,再用饱和氯化钠溶液洗两遍,无水硫酸镁干燥后,用乙酸乙酯/石油醚体系过flash柱,蒸干得1.5g无色油状液体,产率87.7%。IR(KBr)3416,2917,2869,1606,1468,1437,1316,1181,1155,1066,1039,855,796,713,640.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.95(s,6H),1.97-2.02(m,2H),2.06(s,3H),2.63(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),4.05(t,J=6.1Hz,2H),4.56(s,2H),5.20(s,1H),6.70(s,2H),6.96(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.06(s,1H),7.29(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.38(t,J=7.6Hz,1H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ15.16,21.24,28.86,30.31,63.35,66.18,113.61,125.12,127.80,128.11,128.58,134.61,136.99,140.55,143.19,157.60.ESI-MS m/z:317.5[M+H]+。
(5)(S)-2-(6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(9)的合成:
称量(2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲醇(2.85g),(S)-2-(6-羟基-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(8)(2.25g),和三苯基磷(3.6g),溶于50mL无水四氢呋喃中,室温下,将偶氮二甲酸二乙酯(2.2mL)溶于10mL无水四氢呋喃,滴加到反应液中,反应过夜。用乙酸乙酯/石油醚体系过flash柱,蒸干得3.0g无色油状液体,产率65.8%。[α]25 D+9.35°(c 1.7,acetonitrile).IR(KBr)2951,2915,1735,1619,1598,1499,1458,1437,1355,1316,1279,1199,1155,1146,1111,1074,1034,989,893,841,792,713,645.1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.92(s,6H),1.96-2.02(m,2H),2.07(s,3H),2.54-2.65(m,3H),2.77(dd,J=10.8Hz,5.7Hz,1H),3.63(s,3H),3.68-3.82(m,1H),4.04(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.20(dd,J=2.4Hz,6.6Hz,1H),4.67(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.09(s,2H),6.46-6.49(m,2H),6.69(s,2H),7.03-7.09(m,2H),7.15(s,1H),7.36-7.46(m,2H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ20.66,28.33,29.78,37.05,38.59,51.37,65.69,69.33,76.88,96.92,106.97,113.17,121.60,124.47,125.71,128.49,128.73,133.68,136.52,137.27,140.31,157.19,159.18,160.67,171.91.ESI-MS m/z:507.5[M+H]+。
(6)2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(10)的合成:
称量(S)-2-(6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(3.0g)于100mL反应瓶中,加入甲醇(36mL)和四氢呋喃(18mL),冰浴下,滴加30%双氧水(9.0mL),滴加完双氧水后再滴加1.0mL三氟乙酸,反应半小时后,撤冰浴,室温反应两天。用甲醇/二氯甲烷体系过flash柱,蒸干得2.6g无色油状液体,产率84.5%。[α]25 D+6.39°(c 0.3,methanol).IR(KBr)3416,2970,2918,1735,1620,1598,1497,1470,1438,1316,1277,1156,1112,1049,881,792,713,630.1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.91(s,6H),2.04-2.14(m,2H),2.54-2.63(m,4H),2.73-2.97(m,3H),3.63(s,3H),3.65-3.75(m,1H),4.09(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.20(dd,J=2.4Hz,6.6Hz,1H),4.67(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.09(s,2H),6.46-6.49(m,2H),6.71(s,2H),7.04-7.09(m,2H),7.14(s,1H),7.36-7.47(m,2H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ20.68,22.15,37.03,38.06,38.59,49.89,51.41,66.04,69.32,76.86,96.94,107.02,113.27,121.62,124.50,125.77,128.51,128.73,133.82,136.55,137.30,140.25,157.02,159.16,160.65,171.94.ESI-MS m/z:523.5[M+H]+。
(7)2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(11)的合成:
称量2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(2.62g)溶于甲醇(13mL)和四氢呋喃(26mL)混合液中,加入2M氢氧化钠(8.0mL),50℃反应2小时。移至冰浴中2M盐酸酸化,有大量白色固体析出,用乙酸乙酯萃取三遍,再用饱和氯化钠溶液洗两遍,无水硫酸镁干燥后,用甲醇/二氯甲烷体系过flash柱,蒸干,真空干燥得1.57g淡黄色固体,产率61.5%。[α]25 D+5.89°(c1.0,acetonitrile).IR(KBr)3418,2918,2578,1718,1619,1599,1496,1470,1316,1275,1182,1154,1004,829,797,712,633.1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.92(s,6H),2.05-2.14(m,2H),2.44-2.51(m,1H),2.58(s,3H),2.66-2.98(m,3H),3.62-3.72(m,1H),4.09(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.16-4.21(m,1H),4.68(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.09(s,2H),6.46-6.49(m,2H),6.71(s,2H),7.04-7.14(m,3H),7.37-7.47(m,2H),12.35(s,1H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ20.70,22.15,37.04,38.03,39.10,49.86,66.01,69.29,77.07,96.89,106.92,113.24,121.90,124.51,125.78,128.52,128.72,133.81,136.55,137.31,140.23,157.01,159.07,160.64,173.07.ESI-MS m/z:507.3[M-H]-.HRMS(AP-ESI)m/z calcd for C29H32O6S[M-H]-507.1920.Found:507.1857。
实施例2:
2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(12)和2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((R)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(13)的制备。
化合物11的手性制备是在大赛璐药物手性技术有限公司进行的。手性制备条件:[柱子,CHIRALPAK ADH,0.46cm I.D.×25cm L;流动相,CO2/MeOH=60/40(V/V);流速,2.0mL/min;检测,UV 208nm;温度,35℃].保留时间分别是14.2分钟和17.6分钟。(S,S)-异构体12,100.0%de。[柱子,CHIRALPAK IA(4.6mm I.D.×250mm.5um);流动相,n-hexane/ethanol/EtOAc/TFA=75/10/15/0.1(V/V/V/V);流速,0.8mL/min;检测,UV 286nm;温度,室温];[α]25 D+35.93°(c 0.8,acetonitrile).IR(KBr)3423,2918,2579,1717,1618,1600,1496,1470,1316,1275,1182,1154,1005,826,797,712,632.1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.92(s,6H),2.04-2.12(m,2H),2.46-2.51(m,1H),2.58(s,3H),2.69(dd,J=5.4Hz,10.8Hz,1H),2.77-2.82(m,1H),2.90-2.95(m,1H),3.66-3.68(m,1H),4.09(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.17-4.20(m,1H),4.68(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.09(s,2H),6.46-6.48(m,2H),6.71(s,2H),7.05-7.14(m,3H),7.36-7.45(m,2H).13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ21.19,22.62,37.53,38.49,39.50,50.31,66.47,69.74,77.57,97.34,107.38,113.70,122.40,124.91,126.26,129.00,129.01,129.20,134.28,137.03,137.78,140.71,157.47,159.53,161.11,173.60.HRMS(AP-ESI)m/z calcd for C29H32O6S[M-H]-507.1920.Found:507.1724.(R,S)-异构体13(保留时间17.6分钟)100.0%de[柱子,CHIRALPAK IA(4.6mm I.D.×250mm.5um);流动相,n-hexane/ethanol/EtOAc/TFA=75/10/15/0.1(V/V/V/V);流速,0.8mL/min;检测,UV 286nm;温度,室温];[α]25 D-20.32°(c 0.7,acetonitrile).IR(KBr)3421,2918,1713,1619,1598,1496,1470,1317,1278,1182,1156,1001,824,791,712,632.1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.92(s,6H),2.07-2.11(m,2H),2.47(dd,J=7.8Hz,9.0Hz,1H),2.58(s,3H),2.69(dd,J=5.4Hz,11.4Hz,1H),2.77-2.82(m,1H),2.90-2.95(m,1H),3.66-3.68(m,1H),4.09(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.17-4.20(m,1H),4.68(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.09(s,2H),6.46-6.48(m,2H),6.71(s,2H),7.05-7.14(m,3H),7.37-7.45(m,2H).13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ21.18,22.61,37.55,38.48,39.50,39.64,50.31,66.49,69.73,77.59,97.33,107.37,113.69,122.43,124.98,126.26,128.99,129.01,129.19,134.27,137.03,137.78,140.70,157.47,159.51,161.11,173.63.HRMS(AP-ESI)m/z calcd for C29H32O6S[M-H]-507.1920.Found:507.1723.
实施例3:
2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(16)或2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((R)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(17)的合成:
(1)3-(甲硫基)丙基4-苯磺酸甲酯的合成,参照实施例1所述步骤;
(2)4’-羟基-2’,6’-二甲基联苯基-3-甲醛的合成,参照实施例1所述步骤;
(3)2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-甲醛的合成,参照实施例1所述步骤;
(4)(2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲醇的合成,参照实施例1所述步骤;
(5)(S)-2-(6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯的合成,参照实施例1所述步骤;
(6)2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(14)的合成:
称量(S)-2-(6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(0.9g)与50mL反应瓶中,加入10mL无水二氯甲烷,滴加四异丙氧基钛(0.63mL),再滴加D-(-)-酒石酸二乙酯(1.6mL),室温搅拌5分钟,冷却至-15℃,滴加过氧化羟基异丙苯(0.36mL),反应2小时。用甲醇/二氯甲烷体系过flash柱,蒸干,真空干燥得0.72g无色固体,产率77.5%。[α]25 D+34.58°(c 0.7,methanol).IR(KBr)3439,2949,2915,1733,1618,1598,1498,1458,1436,1316,1278,1192,1146,1034,893,791,712,622.1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.92(s,6H),2.05-2.14(m,2H),2.54-2.62(m,4H),2.73-2.98(m,3H),3.63(s,3H),3.65-3.75(m,1H),4.09(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.20(dd,J=2.4Hz,6.6Hz,1H),4.67(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.09(s,2H),6.46-6.49(m,2H),6.71(s,2H),7.04-7.09(m,2H),7.14(s,1H),7.36-7.47(m,2H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ20.67,22.16,37.04,38.05,38.59,49.90,51.39,66.03,69.32,76.87,96.94,107.00,113.26,121.61,124.46,125.75,128.50,128.73,133.82,136.55,137.30,140.26,157.02,159.16,160.66,171.93.ESI-MS m/z:523.6[M+H]+;
(7)2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((R)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(15)的合成:
合成步骤与2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯的合成类似,唯一不同是将配体换成了L-(+)-酒石酸二乙酯。无色油;产率:72.5%;[α]25 D-10.69°(c 0.14,acetonitrile).IR(KBr)3405,2972,2923,1739,1621,1608,1497,1471,1439,1316,1275,1195,1155,1049,881,800,713,630.1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.91(s,6H),2.04-2.13(m,2H),2.54-2.63(m,4H),2.72-2.97(m,3H),3.63(s,3H),3.65-3.75(m,1H),4.09(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.20(dd,J=2.4Hz,6.6Hz,1H),4.67(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.09(s,2H),6.46-6.49(m,2H),6.70(s,2H),7.04-7.09(m,2H),7.13(s,1H),7.36-7.47(m,2H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ20.68,22.15,37.03,38.06,38.59,49.89,51.41,66.05,69.32,76.86,96.95,107.03,113.27,121.62,124.50,125.77,128.53,128.73,133.82,136.55,137.31,140.24,157.02,159.15,160.65,171.93.ESI-MS m/z:523.5[M+H]+;
(8)2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(16)的合成:
称量2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(0.6g)溶于甲醇(3.5mL)和四氢呋喃(7.0mL)混合液中,加入2M氢氧化钠(2.0mL),50℃反应2小时。移至冰浴中用5mL的2M盐酸酸化,有大量白色固体析出,用乙酸乙酯萃取三遍,再用饱和氯化钠溶液洗两遍,无水硫酸镁干燥后,用甲醇/二氯甲烷体系过flash柱,蒸干,真空干燥得0.34g淡黄色油,产率61.5%。66.4%de[柱子,CHIRALPAK IA(4.6mm I.D.×250mm.5um);流动相,n-hexane/ethanol/EtOAc/TFA=75/10/15/0.1(V/V/V/V);流速,0.8mL/min;检测,UV 286nm;温度,室温];[α]25 D+8.36°(c0.8,acetonitrile).IR(KBr)3418,2918,2577,1718,1619,1599,1496,1470,1316,1275,1182,1154,1003,828,797,712,633.1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.92(s,6H),2.04-2.14(m,2H),2.44-2.50(m,1H),2.58(s,3H),2.66-2.98(m,3H),3.62-3.72(m,1H),4.09(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.18(dd,J=2.1Hz,6.6Hz,1H),4.68(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.09(s,2H),6.46-6.49(m,2H),6.71(s,2H),7.04-7.14(m,3H),7.37-7.47(m,2H),12.36(s,1H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ20.69,22.15,37.04,38.03,39.11,49.86,66.02,69.29,77.07,96.89,106.93,113.24,121.90,124.51,125.78,128.53,128.72,133.81,136.55,137.31,140.23,157.01,159.07,160.64,173.07.ESI-MS m/z:507.5[M-H]-.HRMS(AP-ESI)m/z calcd for C29H32O6S[M-H]-507.1920.Found:507.1854;
(9)2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((R)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(17)的合成:
合成步骤与2-((S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-((S)-甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(16)的合成的类似。
淡黄色油;产率:67.5%;71.0%de[柱子,CHIRALPAK IA(4.6mm I.D.×250mm.5um);流动相,n-hexane/ethanol/EtOAc/TFA=75/10/15/0.1(V/V/V/V);流速,0.8mL/min;检测,UV 286nm;温度,室温];[α]25 D-18.12°(c 0.2,acetonitrile).IR(KBr)3423,2918,2577,1718,1619,1599,1496,1470,1316,1275,1182,1154,1004,829,798,712,634.1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ1.92(s,6H),2.04-2.13(m,2H),2.44-2.50(m,1H),2.57(s,3H),2.66-2.97(m,3H),3.62-3.72(m,1H),4.09(t,J=6.3Hz,2H),4.18(dd,J=2.1Hz,6.9Hz,1H),4.68(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.09(s,2H),6.46-6.49(m,2H),6.71(s,2H),7.04-7.14(m,3H),7.36-7.47(m,2H),12.35(s,1H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ20.70,22.14,37.04,38.04,39.10,49.86,66.02,69.29,77.07,96.89,106.93,113.25,121.90,124.51,125.78,128.53,128.73,133.81,136.55,137.31,140.23,157.01,159.07,160.64,173.06.ESI-MSm/z:507.5[M-H]-.HRMS(AP-ESI)m/z calcd for C29H32O6S[M-H]-507.1920.Found:507.1854。
实施例4:体外GPR40激动活性实验。
本发明的化合物11,12,13以及对照药物1(TAK-875)体外GPR40激动活性是通过HEK293/GPR40/NFAT/βla细胞系钙流活性实验来实现。具体步骤如下:
实验材料
试剂与耗材:
1.HEK 293/GPR40/NFAT/βla,辉源生物科技有限公司
2.DMEM,美国Invitrogen,货号:10566-024
3.FBS,法国Biowest,货号:S1810-500
4.DMSO,美国Sigma,货号:D8418
5.Hygromycin B,美国CABIOCHEM,货号:400052
6.Linolenic acid,sigma,货号:L2376
7.BSA,美国GENVIEW,货号:FA016-50G
8.HBSS 10X,Gibco,货号14065056
9.HEPES,美国Sigma,货号H3375
10.Fluo8wash free calcium assay kit,辉源生物科技有限公司,货号:HD02-0010
11.ECHO 384LDV plate,美国Labcyte,货号:LP-0200
12.384polypropylene plates,美国Greiner,货号:781201
13.384孔黑边底透灭菌板,美国Corning,货号:3712
14.FLIPR读板仪,美国Molecular Devices
15.Multidrop Combi(Thermo Scientific)
溶液与缓冲液:
1.细胞生长培养基
向90%DMEM加入10%FBS,并添加Hygromycin B至终浓度为100g/mL,储存在4℃备用
2.冻存液
仅在使用前,向90%的FBS中加入10%的DMSO。
3.HBSS缓冲液
将100ml 10X的HBSS母液,用纯净水稀释到900ml,加入4.766克HEPES干粉,充分搅拌,完全溶解后定容到1000mL,并调节pH值到7.4。储存在4℃备用
4.assay缓冲液
仅在使用前,向HBSS中分别加入终浓度为0.1%BSA。
工作溶液可在4℃放置24小时。
实验方法:
化合物的配制
1.根据化合物的排列顺序,用自动加样器在ECHO LDV板3-12列,14-23列加入10.8μL的DMSO。
2.用DMSO将1,11,12和13分别稀释到4mM,0.4mM,0.12mM和40mM。此溶液作为化合物的初始浓度。
3.用DMSO将阳性化合物Linolenic acid稀释到40mM。此溶液作为阳性化合物的初始浓度。
4.根据化合物的排列顺序在2列和13列分别加入10μL的待测化合物和阳性化合物初始浓度。
5.使用Bravo液体工作站进行half log梯度稀释。从第一个浓度点取出5μL化合物与下一孔中的10.8μL DMSO混合,吹吸3次混匀之后吸取5μL与再下一孔中DMSO混合。依次直至完成到第11个浓度点的稀释。
6.整版稀释完成后在第1列和第24列,按照排布,加入10μL DMSO或12mMLinolenic acid。
7.用ECHO将化合物梯度从ECHO LDV板中转移500nL至化合物板中(货号:781201。)用封板机封板备用。
8.及至使用前,用Multidrop Combi往化合物板每孔加入49.5μL assay buffer。震荡混合均匀后使用。
操作步骤:
1.将培养的细胞用胰酶消化,计数后用细胞生长培养基重悬。对于本实验,每孔最佳的细胞数量15000个,每孔为30μL,因此可将细胞稀释至5×105/mL。
2.用Multidrop Combi将30μL含有细胞悬浮液加入到384孔黑边透明底板中(Corning,货号:3712)。
3.放入37度5%CO2培养箱中,培养24小时。
4.培养24小时之后,去掉384孔板中的培养基,并加入30μL Fluo8 Fluo8 washfree calcium assay dye。
5.将上一步骤的384孔板置于37度孵育1小时。
6.孵育完成后将细胞板,化合物板和枪头放到FLIPR的相应板位上进行读板。
数据处理:
将实验结果用ScreenWorks软件导出,导出算法为Max-Min。利用作图软件Prism 5制作化合物浓度曲线,计算EC50值。
实验结果:
表1 化合物1,11,12,13,亚麻酸的体外活性.
a表中数值为三次试验的平均值,标准偏差小于平均值的20%.
b亚麻酸的EC50值,单位是uM,表中数值为三次实验的平均值,标准偏差小于平均值的20%.
实施例5:药物动力学研究实验
本发明的11,12,13以及对照药物1(TAK-875)的药物动力学研究具体步骤如下:
1、仪器条件
美国AB SCIEX公司三重四级杆质谱仪API5000,配有岛津LC-20XR高效液相色谱仪;离子化方式:电喷雾离子化(ESI),负离子方式检测;扫描方式:多反应离子检测(MRM);喷雾电压(IS):-4500V;温度(TEM):450℃;雾化气(GAS1)和辅助气(GAS2)均为50psi;喷撞气(CAD)为6psi;气帘气(CUR)为15psi。
色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18柱(5μm粒径,150×4.6mm);流动相为乙腈和水(含0.1%甲酸)(75:25,v/v);流速:0.5mL/min;柱温:30℃。
质谱条件:T1:Q1/Q3为523.2/147.5;T2:Q1/Q3为507.3/147.4;内标(右旋布洛芬):Q1/Q3为205.4/160.6。优化后碰撞电压(Collision Energy)分别为:-36v,-35v,-10v。去簇电压(Declustering Potential),射入电压(Entrance Potential),碰撞室射出电压(CXP)分别为:-140v,--10v,-15v。
2、样品预处理
标准曲线的制备:取11和1系列标准溶液20μL,分别加入空白血浆80μL和内标的乙腈溶液400μL,涡流混匀后12000g离心10min后取上清液200μL进样分析。标准曲线相当于血浆浓度为:10,20,50,100,200,,400,600,800,1000,和2000ng/mL。
样品处理:取100μL给药后的样品血浆,加入内标的乙腈溶液400μL,1500r/min涡流40s后12000g离心10min后取上清液200μL进样分析。
3、实验动物
Wistar雄性大鼠(清洁级)24只,体重220±10g,购自山东大学实验动物中心。本发明化合物1,11,12,13灌胃剂量3mg/kg(用大豆油配制),分别于给药后0.25,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,6.0,8.0,10.0,12.0,24.0,36.0,48.0h采血200μL,分离得血浆储存于-20℃待用。
4、实验结果
表2 化合物1,11,12and 13a的药动学参数
a利用DAS 2.0计算得到的1,11,12和13及其代谢物的药动学参数.表中数值6只雄性大鼠的平均值,"士"后的数值表示标准偏差。
NC:未计算。
实验结论:由图1可知,砜类化合物与亚砜类化合物在体内可相互转化,具体来讲,砜类化合物可少量的转化为亚砜类化合物,亚砜类化合物相对大量地转化为砜类化合物。化合物12可大量地转化为1。比较其曲线下面积可知化合物12比1(TAK-875)有更优良的生物利用度。
实施例6:大鼠糖耐量实验。
本发明的化合物1,11,16和17的药效学作用是通过对链佐菌素(STZ)所致的大鼠二型糖尿病模型的降血糖作用来实现。
一、实验材料和仪器
材料:
链脲佐菌素(Streptozocin,STZ,美国Sigma公司原装)1,11,,16,17,Tween-80,葡萄糖、枸橼酸、枸橼酸三钠均为分析纯。仪器:
北京怡成血糖仪5D-1型、血糖仪检测试纸条(北京怡成生物电子技术有限公司),Lancet无菌采血针,1ml一次性注射器,5mL一次性注射器,大鼠灌胃器。
动物:
Wistar大鼠(雄性,180-200g)。
二、实验方法
1.血糖测定仪的标定和血糖含量的检测
按照怡成血糖测试仪说明书方法进行操作。经测试,血糖测试仪检测迅速简便、效率高、数据稳定可靠、重现性好。
2.糖尿病大鼠模型的建立
采用高糖高脂饮食喂养联合小剂量链脲佐菌素腹腔注射建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型。
第一阶段高糖高脂饲料喂养:Wistar大鼠普食喂养7d后,给予高糖高脂饲料(配方为基础饲料57%、猪油30%、蔗糖10%、蛋黄3%)喂养28d;
第二阶段小剂量SZT腹腔注射:上述高糖高脂饲料喂养大鼠禁食12h,给予腹腔注射35mg/kg STZ(STZ溶解在pH 4.2的0.1mol/L柠檬酸缓冲液内,配制成1%的溶液,避光冰浴即用),注射72h后,尾尖采血并用北京怡成生物技术有限公司5D-1型血糖仪测空腹血糖,以空腹血糖≥13.9mmol/L且稳定7d以上为T2DM大鼠造模成功。
三、糖尿病大鼠的降血糖药效学研究
取糖尿病模型大鼠给药前禁食不禁水>10h后,称重,测空腹血糖值,随机分为1组、11组、16组、17组和Control组,每组3只。分别将1、11、16、17用Tween-80溶成浓度为5%溶液,给药剂量为5mg/kg,给药方式为口服灌胃;Control组只给予Tween-80溶液口服灌胃,三组大鼠每天灌药1次。连续灌药21d后,对三组大鼠行OGTT实验,方法为:实验前大鼠禁食不禁水>10h,测空腹血糖,给药1h后再测血糖,然后给予每只大鼠1g/kg葡萄糖灌胃前测血糖,再分别在30、60、120分钟尾尖取血测血糖。
分组方法:
表3 1组、11组、16组、17组和Control组分组方法
四、实验结果
见附图2。
五、讨论
连续3周灌药后,与control相比,1组、11组、16组、17组均有不同程度的降血糖作用,且16组降糖作用较其他三组明显。
综上所述,TAK-875的亚砜类似物不能明显的影响它们的体外活性,但是S构型亚砜类似物的体内药效和药动都明显优于TAK-875。
Claims (1)
1.TAK-875类似物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
化合物2与对甲基苯磺酰氯反应得到化合物3,化合物4与3-醛基苯硼酸发生铃木反应得到化合物5;在碳酸钾存在下,化合物3与化合物5反应得到化合物6,硼氢化钠还原得化合物7;化合物7与中间体8发生Mitsunobu反应得化合物9,最后经过氧化,水解得终产物11;
合成路线:
上述合成路线中反应式的试剂与条件是:(a)对甲苯磺酰氯,三乙胺,二氯甲烷,30℃,77.0%(ω%);(b)3-醛基苯硼酸,双三苯基膦二氯化钯,二甲基亚砜,2mol/L碳酸钠,85℃,71.5%(ω%);(c)碳酸钾,二甲基甲酰胺,90℃,80.0%(ω%);(d)硼氢化钠,甲醇,四氢呋喃,0℃–室温,87.7%(ω%);(e)中间体8,三苯基膦,偶氮二甲酸二乙酯,四氢呋喃,室温,65.8%(ω%);(f)30%(ω%)双氧水,三氟乙酸,甲醇,四氢呋喃,0℃–室温,84.5%(ω%);(g)甲醇,四氢呋喃,2mol/L氢氧化钠,50℃,2mol/L盐酸,0℃,61.5%(ω%);
上述TAK-875类似物的关键中间体2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯(10)的制备方法如下:
称量(S)-2-(6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲硫基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯于反应瓶中,加入甲醇和四氢呋喃,冰浴下,滴加30%双氧水,滴加完双氧水后再滴加三氟乙酸,反应半小时后,撤冰浴,室温反应两天,浓缩,经柱层析分离得到产物;
TAK-875类似物2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸(11)的制备方法为:
称量2-((3S)-6-((2’,6’-二甲基-4’-(3-(甲亚磺酰基)丙氧基)联苯基-3-基)甲氧基)-2,3-苯并二氢呋喃-3-基)乙酸甲酯溶于甲醇和四氢呋喃混合液中,加入2mol/L氢氧化钠,50℃反应2小时;移至冰浴中2mol/L盐酸酸化,有大量白色固体析出,用乙酸乙酯萃取三遍,再用饱和氯化钠溶液洗两遍,无水硫酸镁干燥后,浓缩,经柱层析分离得到产物。
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