CN105409529A - Method for planting potatoes - Google Patents
Method for planting potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105409529A CN105409529A CN201510838933.2A CN201510838933A CN105409529A CN 105409529 A CN105409529 A CN 105409529A CN 201510838933 A CN201510838933 A CN 201510838933A CN 105409529 A CN105409529 A CN 105409529A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting potatoes. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out land preparation and greenhouse constructing; (2) carrying out variety selection: selecting varieties, i.e., Favorita, Netherlands 7 and detoxified Netherlands 15, wherein the use amount of seeds per mu is 140-160kg; (3) carrying out dicing and germination hastening; (4) carrying out sowing: carrying out single-ridge paired-row planting, carrying out sowing in paired rows, carrying out watering, then, carrying out oblique-angle-modulation planting in a manner that buds face upwards, covering the buds with a small volume of fine soil firstly, then, applying fertilizers and drugs, and carrying out soil covering and ridge forming, wherein the sowing time is the noon of sunny days from January to the first ten days of February, the ridging spacing is 80cm, the row spacing is 18-22cm, the spacing in the rows is 25-30cm, the number of fix planting per mu is 5,500-6,000, the depth of planting furrows is 8-10cm, and the width of the planting furrows is 20cm; (5) carrying out field management; (6) carrying out disease control; and (7) carrying out harvesting in good time: carrying out on-sale in time regarding to market price and yield, wherein the harvesting time is April to the first ten days of May, and tools used during harvesting are required to be clean, hygienic and pollution-free. The method disclosed by the invention is stable and high in yield and is fit for the land and climate features of north of Anhui province, the time for being on sale is controllable, and planted detoxified pollution-free potatoes are remarkable in economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a kind of potato, belong to agricultural plantation technology field.
Background technology
Potato, belong to Solanaceae herbaceos perennial, stem tuber can be edible, is the fourth-largest important cereal crops in the whole world, is only second to wheat, paddy and corn.Potato also known as potato, potato, foreign sweet potato etc., the stem tuber of plant of Solanaceae.With wheat, paddy, corn, Chinese sorghum become the large crop in the world five.2015, China will start potato staple food grainization strategy, advance and Potato ring rot bacteria is become the staple foods such as steamed bun, noodles, ground rice, the another staple food grain that potato will become outside rice, wheat, corn.
Have report in the plantation high yield technique prior art of potato, but method is had nothing in common with each other more, and not identical for different kind implantation methods yet, North-Anhui district is due to soil and climatic characteristic, when planting potato, reach high and stable yields, in good time listing also needs to carry out technological innovation.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the implantation methods of a kind of potato.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the implantation methods of a kind of potato, its step is as follows: one, build canopy wholely: after autumn harvest, select the plot that loosing soil is ventilative, deep ploughing is frozen upturned soil and is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, the thin leveling of rake, executes high-quality for every mu and to become thoroughly decomposed the fertilizer 140 ~ 160kg of farmyard manure 3 cubes or content more than 30%, execute potassium sulfate 18 ~ 22kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 140 ~ 160kg, enrich based on the trace element fertilizer of zinc, boron; Build shed, shed covers two-layer Anti-fogging Film, and wherein a skim covers shed top, two tunic distance shed top 30 ~ 50cm;
Two, choose seeds: select kind Favorita, No. seven, Holland, Holland's ten No. five detoxification kinds, every mu of sowing quantity 140 ~ 160kg;
Three, stripping and slicing vernalization: sow first 20 days and carry out vernalization, vernalization can utilize greenhouse, soil temperature room, heat cold bed or warm indoor, at 14 ~ 16 DEG C, within 15 ~ 20 days, sprouts, during potato bud length 1.5 ~ 2cm, potato seed to be clawed be placed on 15 ~ 20 DEG C of scattered lights indoor or booth in dry in the air bud 3 ~ 5 days, until bud mutation is green, every kg potato seed cuts 40 ~ 50 pieces, each stripping and slicing has 1 eye at least, should make full use of apical dominance during stripping and slicing, band terminal bud, rejects hybrid or sick potato;
Four, sow: the sowing time, at the fine day noon of January to early Febuary, carries out single-ridge and two-row plantation, row spacing 80cm, plants duplicate rows, line-spacing 18 ~ 22cm, spacing in the rows 25 ~ 30cm, mu field planting 5500 ~ 6000 strain, plantation trench digging dark 8 ~ 10cm, wide 20cm, angle modulation plantation of retreading of watering, bud upwards, first covers bud with a small amount of fine earth, then fertilising, medicine, earthing ridging, the blinding degree of depth: potato kind, to face, ridge 10 ~ 15cm, is hugged face, ridge flat, herbicide spraying, then covering with plastic film, finally fix canopy film;
Five, field management: temperature of shed controls, daytime 20 ~ 26 DEG C, night 12 ~ 14 DEG C, to ventilate when day temperature is in control range, keep plastic sheeting for farm use maximum lighting quantity, rich water quality management: Qi Miao, group, budding and water three water, must guard against broad irrigation, to water to ridge high 1/2 or 2/3;
Six, controlling disease: when finding aphid with 10% Imidacloprid spray 1 ~ 2 time; After finding the diseased plant of late blight, immediately diseased plant is pulled out, take away field buried, sprayed 800 times of liquors of a 64% Sandofan wetting powder every seven days for control;
Seven, gather in the crops in good time: harvest time on April, the first tenday period of a month in the middle ten days to May, go on the market in time depending on the market price and output, in recovery process used tool to clean, health, pollution-free.
Further, the bow member of described shed is steel construction, cement structures, bamboo wooden structures.
Further, described layer film thickness is 0.06 ~ 0.12mm, and two layer film thickness are 0.02 ~ 0.03mm.
Further, described shed is of a size of the wide 6 ~ 12m of interior stem, sagitta 1.8 ~ 2.6m, and every canopy takes up an area 1 ~ 2 mu, or sagitta 1 ~ 1.2m, the wide 2 ~ 3m of internal diameter.
Further, described shed adopts 4 ridges, 6 ridges or 8 ridge canopies, prior to seeding the weather buckle film of calm fine day on the 3rd ~ 5, and to improve ground temperature, surrounding is fixed firm, every 1.5 ~ 2 meters with film-pressing line or iron wire Gu Peng.
Further, in described step 6, add dilution 300 times of liquid organic fertilizers during hydrojet control and spray 2 times.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is: this method stable and high yields, and be applicable to North-Anhui district soil and climatic characteristic, Time To Market is controlled, the nuisanceless potato remarkable in economical benefits of detoxification of plantation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
Normative reference:
GB4285 major experiment standard
GB4406 potato seed
GB/T8321 (all parts) agricultural chemicals reasonable application
GB18133 virus-free seed potato
NY/T496 fertilizer reasonable application general rule
NY5010 pollution-free food vegetables home environment condition
NY5024 pollution-free food potato
This method meets national standard and Ministry of Agriculture's standard regulation.
During plantation, first need wholely with build canopy: 1, whole.After autumn harvest, select the plot that loosing soil is ventilative, deep ploughing is frozen upturned soil and is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and rake carefully flattens, execute high-quality for every mu to become thoroughly decomposed the fertilizer 150 kilograms of farmyard manure 3 cubes or content more than 30%, execute potassium sulfate 20 kilograms, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 150 kilograms, enrich the trace element fertilizer such as zinc, boron.2, Jian Peng.General conventional 4,6,8 ridge move-in-mud robot are maximum.4 ridge canopies are with 4 ridges for shed, and long 2.5-3 meters of arch bar, diameter (major part) 1.5 cm, tip docking taken by bamboo bar, and sagitta about 1 meter is wide 3-3.2 meters, and the plastic sheeting for farm use of 4 meters wide can be selected to cover.3, buckle film.The first weather buckle film of calm fine day on the 3-5th prior to seeding, to improve ground temperature, surrounding is fixed firm, every 1.5-2 meters with film-pressing line or iron wire Gu Peng.
The interior stem width of big arch shed is generally between 6-12 meters, and sagitta 1.8-2.6 meters, every canopy takes up an area 1-2 mu, and the bow member of booth has steel construction, cement structures, bamboo wooden structures multiple, can select according to condition.Big arch shed should select the Anti-fogging Film of thickness 0.06-0.12 millimeter, and thinner canopy film generally uses 1 year, can ensure good light transmittance, and promote the precocity of potato, improve output, thicker canopy film generally uses 2-3 years, can save planting cost.The height of Small plastic shed is generally about 1 meter, width is 2-3 meters.Two tunic height are generally advisable from 30-50 centimetres, big arch shed top, and two tunics generally select thickness to be 0.02-0.03 millimeter.
Select breeding: two-membrane process cultivation belongs to precocious off-season cultivation, the kind of current applicable two-membrane process cultivation mainly contains the detoxification breedings such as Favorita (No. seven, Holland, No. 15, Holland).Every mu of sowing quantity about 150 kilograms.
Stripping and slicing vernalization: sow first 20 days and carry out vernalization, general per kilogram potato seed cuts 40-50 pieces, and each stripping and slicing has 1 eye at least, should make full use of apical dominance, be with terminal bud as far as possible during stripping and slicing, will note rejecting hybrid or sick potato especially.Vernalization can utilize greenhouse, soil temperature room, heat cold bed or warmer indoor, within about 15-20 days under about 15 DEG C conditions, can sprout.During long 1.5-2 centimetres of potato bud, potato seed be clawed be placed on 15-20 DEG C of scattered lights indoor or booth in dry in the air bud 3-5 days, be advisable until bud mutation is green.
Sowing: the sowing time is selected in the fine day noon to early Febuary after New Year's Day, carries out single-ridge and two-row plantation, row spacing 80 centimetres, plants duplicate rows, line-spacing 20 cm, spacing in the rows 25-30 centimetres, mu field planting 5500-6000 strain.Dark 8-10 centimetres of plantation trench digging, wide 20 centimetres, angle modulation plantation of retreading of watering, bud is upwards, first bud is covered with a small amount of fine earth, then grab fertilizer, make up the prescription and control worm, earthing ridging, the blinding degree of depth: potato kind is to 10-15 centimetres, face, ridge, face, ridge is hugged flat, herbicide spraying, then with 90 centimetres broadly film cover, finally fix canopy film.
Field management: note keeping temperature daytime 20-26 DEG C, night 12-14 DEG C, will ventilate during proper temperature, and the dust often on wiping plastic sheeting for farm use, keep maximum lighting quantity.Rich water quality management: Qi Miao, group, budding and water three water, must guard against broad irrigation, to water to ridge high 1/2 or 2/3 and be advisable.
Controlling disease: the insect pest of booth potato disease is few and light, insect pest mainly aphid, can with 10% Imidacloprid spray 1 ~ 2 time during discovery.Disease is late blight mainly, after finding diseased plant, is pulled out by diseased plant immediately, takes away field buried.The 800 times of liquid chemical controls of a 64% Sandofan wetting powder are sprayed every seven days.Liquid organic fertilizer 300 times of liquid can be added spray 2 times.
In good time results: canopy plant potato generally on April, the first tenday period of a month in the middle ten days to May results.Concrete harvest time will depending on the market price and output, to go on the market in time, and the income obtained.In recovery process used tool to clean, health, pollution-free.
The pertinent regulations of packing, transport, storage execution pollution-free vegetable target level of product quality.
Above-described embodiment is explanation of the invention, can not as limitation of the present invention, on the open basis of the present invention without creationary change all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the implantation methods of a potato, its step is as follows: one, build canopy wholely: after autumn harvest, select the plot that loosing soil is ventilative, deep ploughing is frozen upturned soil and is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, the thin leveling of rake, execute high-quality for every mu to become thoroughly decomposed the fertilizer 140 ~ 160kg of farmyard manure 3 cubes or content more than 30%, execute potassium sulfate 18 ~ 22kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 140 ~ 160kg, enrich based on the trace element fertilizer of zinc, boron; Build shed, shed covers two-layer Anti-fogging Film, and wherein a skim covers shed top, two tunic distance shed top 30 ~ 50cm;
Two, choose seeds: select kind Favorita, No. seven, Holland, Holland's ten No. five detoxification kinds, every mu of sowing quantity 140 ~ 160kg;
Three, stripping and slicing vernalization: sow first 20 days and carry out vernalization, vernalization can utilize greenhouse, soil temperature room, heat cold bed or warm indoor, at 14 ~ 16 DEG C, within 15 ~ 20 days, sprouts, during potato bud length 1.5 ~ 2cm, potato seed to be clawed be placed on 15 ~ 20 DEG C of scattered lights indoor or booth in dry in the air bud 3 ~ 5 days, until bud mutation is green, every kg potato seed cuts 40 ~ 50 pieces, each stripping and slicing has 1 eye at least, should make full use of apical dominance during stripping and slicing, band terminal bud, rejects hybrid or sick potato;
Four, sow: the sowing time, at the fine day noon of January to early Febuary, carries out single-ridge and two-row plantation, row spacing 80cm, plants duplicate rows, line-spacing 18 ~ 22cm, spacing in the rows 25 ~ 30cm, mu field planting 5500 ~ 6000 strain, plantation trench digging dark 8 ~ 10cm, wide 20cm, angle modulation plantation of retreading of watering, bud upwards, first covers bud with a small amount of fine earth, then fertilising, medicine, earthing ridging, the blinding degree of depth: potato kind, to face, ridge 10 ~ 15cm, is hugged face, ridge flat, herbicide spraying, then covering with plastic film, finally fix canopy film;
Five, field management: temperature of shed controls, daytime 20 ~ 26 DEG C, night 12 ~ 14 DEG C, to ventilate when day temperature is in control range, keep plastic sheeting for farm use maximum lighting quantity, rich water quality management: Qi Miao, group, budding and water three water, must guard against broad irrigation, to water to ridge high 1/2 or 2/3;
Six, controlling disease: when finding aphid with 10% Imidacloprid spray 1 ~ 2 time; After finding the diseased plant of late blight, immediately diseased plant is pulled out, take away field buried, sprayed 800 times of liquors of a 64% Sandofan wetting powder every seven days for control;
Seven, gather in the crops in good time: harvest time on April, the first tenday period of a month in the middle ten days to May, go on the market in time depending on the market price and output, in recovery process used tool to clean, health, pollution-free.
2. the implantation methods of potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bow member of described shed is steel construction, cement structures, bamboo wooden structures.
3. the implantation methods of potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described layer film thickness is 0.06 ~ 0.12mm, and two layer film thickness are 0.02 ~ 0.03mm.
4. the implantation methods of potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shed is of a size of the wide 6 ~ 12m of interior stem, sagitta 1.8 ~ 2.6m, and every canopy takes up an area 1 ~ 2 mu, or sagitta 1 ~ 1.2m, the wide 2 ~ 3m of internal diameter.
5. the implantation methods of potato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described shed adopts 4 ridges, 6 ridges or 8 ridge canopies, prior to seeding the weather buckle film of calm fine day on the 3rd ~ 5, to improve ground temperature, surrounding is fixed firm, every 1.5 ~ 2 meters with film-pressing line or iron wire Gu Peng.
6. the implantation methods of potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 6, adds dilution 300 times of liquid organic fertilizers and spray 2 times during hydrojet control.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510838933.2A CN105409529A (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2015-11-27 | Method for planting potatoes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510838933.2A CN105409529A (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2015-11-27 | Method for planting potatoes |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105766348A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-07-20 | 陈键 | Planting method of potatoes |
| CN105960976A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-09-28 | 甘肃凯凯农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Early sowing potato planting method |
| CN106962012A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-07-21 | 安徽信福乡田生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of potato |
| CN107046982A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-08-18 | 海门市协和农产品有限公司 | A kind of plantation technique of high yield potato |
| CN107173003A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-19 | 舒城县文禾种植专业合作社 | A kind of precocious implantation methods of potato |
| CN107371743A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | The film mulching plant method of potato four |
| CN109122148A (en) * | 2018-08-05 | 2019-01-04 | 贵港市德源贸易有限公司 | A kind of nuisanceless high yield cultivating method of three film of potato covering |
| CN110050656A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-26 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | A kind of degeneration-resistant Forcing cultivation method of early spring mulch potato |
| CN113287477A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-08-24 | 襄阳市农业科学院 | Potato planting method |
-
2015
- 2015-11-27 CN CN201510838933.2A patent/CN105409529A/en active Pending
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| 何禹: "黄平山区脱毒马铃薯大棚高产栽培技术", 《北京农业》 * |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105766348A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-07-20 | 陈键 | Planting method of potatoes |
| CN105960976A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-09-28 | 甘肃凯凯农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Early sowing potato planting method |
| CN113099994A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2021-07-13 | 甘肃凯凯农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Early-sowing potato planting system and method for planting early-sowing potatoes by using same |
| CN107046982A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-08-18 | 海门市协和农产品有限公司 | A kind of plantation technique of high yield potato |
| CN106962012A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-07-21 | 安徽信福乡田生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of potato |
| CN107173003A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-19 | 舒城县文禾种植专业合作社 | A kind of precocious implantation methods of potato |
| CN107371743A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | The film mulching plant method of potato four |
| CN109122148A (en) * | 2018-08-05 | 2019-01-04 | 贵港市德源贸易有限公司 | A kind of nuisanceless high yield cultivating method of three film of potato covering |
| CN110050656A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-26 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | A kind of degeneration-resistant Forcing cultivation method of early spring mulch potato |
| CN113287477A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-08-24 | 襄阳市农业科学院 | Potato planting method |
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