CN105382605A - A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a machine tool with a main shaft capable of changing tools and synchronously blowing air, which comprises a tool, a main shaft and an air blowing mechanism, wherein a taper hole for clamping the tool is formed in the front end of the main shaft, an air inlet hole is formed in the side surface of the main shaft, and an air blowing channel for connecting the taper hole and the air inlet hole is formed in the main shaft; the blowing mechanism is connected with the air inlet hole through a pipeline; at the moment when the cutter is loosened from the taper hole, the air blowing mechanism synchronously starts air blowing; and at the moment when the taper hole shrinks and clamps the cutter, the air blowing mechanism synchronously stops blowing air. The air blowing mechanism optimizes the air blowing effect of the main shaft, the air inlet hole of the main shaft is arranged on the side of the main shaft and is close to the taper hole of the main shaft, the air blowing mechanism is started to blow air at the moment that the taper hole is opened and the cutter is loosened, more air can be blown into the taper hole more accurately, and then the waste chips are blown out from the main shaft quickly. And the air blowing mechanism is closed to stop air blowing at the moment when the taper hole shrinks and clamps the cutter, so that the cutter is smoothly installed.

Description

A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change.

Background technique

The machine tool spindle refers to the axis on the machine tool that drives the workpiece or tool to rotate. The spindle of the machine tool is an indispensable part of the CNC cutting machine tool. The spindle relies on the spindle servo motor to hold the tool to cut the workpiece. It is usually composed of the spindle, bearings and transmission parts (gears or pulleys). Except for machine tools whose main motion is linear motion, such as planers and broaching machines, most machine tools have spindle components. The motion accuracy and structural rigidity of the spindle components are important factors that determine the processing quality and cutting efficiency. In the processing of comprehensive processing machines, according to different processing requirements, the main shaft often needs to be replaced with different tools. However, due to the negative pressure inside the main shaft, when the tool is taken out from the main shaft, it is often sucked by the negative pressure on the main shaft, making it difficult to pull out the tool and change the tool smoothly, which often leads to the shutdown of the machine tool and seriously reduces the processing efficiency; in addition, the machine tool During processing, some machine tools cool the tool through cutting fluid, and the cutting fluid easily enters the interior of the spindle along the gap, causing the spindle to be polluted and rusted; Objects will also enter the spindle, causing damage to the spindle, which in turn affects the machining accuracy and work efficiency of the machine tool.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change. When the spindle tool change synchronous machine tool is changed, the air blowing can be started synchronously while taking the tool to realize the spindle cone More air is blown into the hole and the blowing is more precise. When the tool is inserted, the blowing is stopped synchronously to ensure a smooth tool change, and the waste and debris in the spindle can be completely removed, thereby improving the machining accuracy and work efficiency of the machine tool.

Invention idea: The inventor found in practice that the debris in the spindle of the machine tool has a great influence on the machining accuracy of the machine tool, and even some products with high precision requirements cannot pass the strict and harsh tests because of the debris in the spindle , so we must keep improving and improve the processing efficiency of the machine tool from the details. The inventor once tried to set the air inlet on the head of the spindle and separate the blowing mechanism. However, the time for tool change is very short, and the air blowing path is relatively far away. It is often too late to blow debris and waste out of the spindle, and the machine tool enters the tool inserting program, and even blows the waste to other parts of the machine tool, which cannot fundamentally solve the problem of improving the machine tool. The demand for machining accuracy, so in order to improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool, it is necessary to solve the problem of completely removing the waste inside the spindle.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

Provides a machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change, including tool, spindle and blowing mechanism, the front end of the spindle is provided with a taper hole for clamping the tool, the side of the spindle is provided with an air inlet hole, and the inside of the spindle is provided with a connecting cone The blowing channel of the hole and the air inlet hole; the blowing mechanism is connected with the air inlet hole through the pipe; the moment the taper hole releases the tool, the blowing mechanism starts blowing synchronously; the moment the taper hole shrinks and clamps the tool, the blowing mechanism is synchronous Stop blowing.

Preferably, a knife punching device is also included, the knife punching device can press down on the spindle to release the tool from the taper hole, and the blowing mechanism is fixedly connected with the knife punching device.

Preferably, the knife punching device includes a knife bar and a knife bar shaft, the knife bar includes a pressing edge and a driving side that are bent and connected to each other, the knife bar is provided with a hole for the knife bar shaft to pass through, and the driving side is provided with a hole for The driving mechanism that drives the knife bar to rotate. The end of the pressing edge is provided with a groove for the main shaft to pass through. The opening direction of the groove is perpendicular to the center line of the main shaft. The inner side of the groove is provided with a knife roller that presses the main shaft. , the main shaft is provided with a knife-beating part for the collision of the knife-beating roller.

Preferably, the angle between the pressing side and the driving side is 90-150 degrees, and the pressing side is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the main shaft.

Preferably, it also includes a machine tool shell and a friction part fixed on the machine tool shell, the driving mechanism is a cam, and the cam abuts against the friction part.

Preferably, a return spring is also included, one end of the return spring is connected to the driving side, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the machine tool shell.

Preferably, the blowing mechanism includes a bracket and an elbow joint, a sleeve and a thin tube arranged on the bracket, the elbow joint is connected to an external air source, the two ends of the sleeve pipe are connected to the thin tube and the elbow joint respectively, and the thin tube is connected to the air inlet , the bracket is fixed on the bottom of the pressing edge.

Preferably, the centerline of the air inlet hole is perpendicular to the centerline of the main shaft.

Preferably, the air inlet is arranged obliquely toward the tapered hole.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change of the present invention includes a cutter, a spindle and an air blowing mechanism. The front end of the spindle is provided with a taper hole for clamping the cutter, the side of the spindle is provided with an air inlet, and the inside of the spindle is provided with The blowing channel connecting the taper hole and the air inlet hole; the blowing mechanism is connected to the air inlet hole through a pipe; the moment the taper hole releases the tool, the blowing mechanism starts blowing synchronously; the moment the taper hole shrinks and clamps the tool, the blowing The mechanism stops blowing air synchronously. The present invention destroys the negative pressure inside the main shaft by blowing air to the tapered hole of the main shaft when changing the tool, so that when the main shaft is pulled out, it will not be difficult to pull out the tool due to the negative pressure; when the tool is pulled out, the machine tool can be prevented from The waste from the chuck enters the main shaft, and the debris and waste that enters the taper hole of the main shaft can be blown away. More importantly, the blowing effect of the spindle is optimized, the air inlet hole of the spindle is set on the side of the spindle, and it is closer to the taper hole of the spindle, and the blowing mechanism is turned on at the moment the taper hole opens and the tool is released. Air blowing can blow more air into the taper hole more accurately, and then quickly blow out the waste from the spindle. Moreover, it can prevent the waste chips from rolling in the air blowing channel in the main shaft and cannot be blown clean for a long time, or the waste chips enter other parts of the machine tool, or even insert the waste chips into the tool before blowing out the waste chips. When the taper hole shrinks and clamps the tool, close the blowing mechanism to stop the blowing, so that the tool can be installed smoothly. To sum up, the present invention can continuously improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool, reduce the maintenance times of the machine tool, prolong the service life of the machine tool, and greatly improve the work efficiency and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a tool punching device and an air blowing mechanism of a machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change according to the present invention.

Reference signs:

Machine tool shell 1, friction part 11;

Main shaft 2, taper hole 21, knife punching part 22, air inlet hole 23, air blowing channel 24;

Blowing mechanism 3, bracket 31, elbow joint 32, casing 33, thin tube 34;

Beat knife device 4, beat knife bar 41, resist pressure edge 411, groove 4111, beat knife roller 42, driving edge 43, knife bar shaft 44, cam 45.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, includes a tool, a spindle 2 and an air blowing mechanism 3, the front end of the spindle 2 is provided with a tapered hole 21 for clamping the tool, The side of the main shaft 2 is provided with an air inlet 23, and the inside of the main shaft 2 is provided with a blowing channel 24 connecting the taper hole 21 and the air inlet 23; the blowing mechanism 3 is connected with the air inlet 23 through a pipe; the taper hole 21 is loosened At the moment of the cutting tool, the air blowing mechanism 3 starts to blow air synchronously; at the moment when the tapered hole 21 shrinks and clamps the tool, the air blowing mechanism 3 synchronously stops blowing. The present invention destroys the negative pressure inside the main shaft 2 by blowing air to the tapered hole 21 of the main shaft 2 when the tool is changed, so that when the main shaft 2 is pulled out, it will not be difficult to pull out the tool due to the effect of negative pressure; Can prevent the waste chip of the machine tool chuck from entering the main shaft 2, and can blow out the sundry waste chip entering the main shaft 2 taper hole 21. More importantly, the blowing effect of the main shaft 2 is optimized, and the air intake hole 23 of the main shaft 2 is arranged on the side of the main shaft 2, and is relatively close to the taper hole 21 of the main shaft 2, that is, the air intake hole 23 and the taper hole 21 are in the same position. The distance in the vertical direction is relatively short and less than the length of the main shaft 2, and the air blowing path of the air blowing hole 23 is relatively short and less than the length of the main shaft 2. When the taper hole 21 is opened and the tool is released, the blowing mechanism 3 is opened for blowing. Gas, more gas can be blown into the tapered hole 21 more accurately, and then the waste chips are blown out from the main shaft 2 quickly. And it can prevent waste from rolling over in the blowing channel 24 in the main shaft 2 and cannot be blown clean, or waste enters other parts of the machine tool, or even inserts a tool to complete the tool change process before blowing out the waste. When the taper hole 21 shrinks and clamps the tool, the air blowing mechanism 3 is closed, and the air blowing is stopped, so that the tool is installed smoothly. To sum up, the present invention can continuously improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool, reduce the maintenance times of the machine tool, prolong the service life of the machine tool, and greatly improve the work efficiency and economic benefits.

A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change in this embodiment also includes a knife punching device 4, which can press the spindle 2 downwards so that the tapered hole 21 releases the tool, and the blowing mechanism 3 and the knife punching device 4 fixed connection. The knife-beating device 4 comprises a knife bar 41 and a knife bar shaft 44, and the knife bar 41 includes a pressing edge 411 and a driving side 43 that are bent and connected to each other, and the knife bar 41 is provided with a hole for the knife bar shaft 44 to pass through. The driving side 43 is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the knife rod 41, and the end of the pressing side 411 is provided with a groove 4111 for the main shaft 2 to pass through. The opening direction of the groove 4111 is perpendicular to the centerline of the main shaft 2, and The inner side of the groove 4111 is provided with a knife beating roller 42 which presses against the main shaft 2 , and the main shaft 2 is provided with a knife beating part 22 for colliding with the knife beating roller 42 . The blowing mechanism 3 is arranged on the knife-beating device 4, and it is possible to open the taper hole 21 and release the momentary opening of the cutter. The program can be set on the CNC machine tool, and the knife-beating program and the blowing program can be associated together, which can Precisely realize the synchronization of drawing the knife and opening the air blowing. In addition, a trigger switch can also be set under the knife striking device 4, and when the pressing edge 411 presses the main shaft 2 to release the knife, the knife striking device 4 just touches the trigger switch, thereby opening the air blowing mechanism 3, and can also realize drawing out the knife. Synchronized with blowing.

In this embodiment, the angle between the pressing side 411 and the driving side 43 is 90-150 degrees, preferably, the angle between the pressing side 411 and the driving side 43 is 120 degrees, and the pressing side 411 is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to Spindle 2. Setting the included angle between the pressing side 411 and the driving side 43 as an obtuse angle can ensure that when the pressing side 411 presses down on the main shaft 2 to open the tapered hole 21, the driving side 43 will not affect the operation of the main shaft 2, for The control drive edge 43 provides more space.

A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change in this embodiment also includes a machine tool shell 1 and a friction part 11 fixed on the machine tool shell 1 , the driving mechanism is a cam 45 , and the cam 45 abuts against the friction part 11 . According to the pressing stroke of the pressing roller of the pressing edge 411 on the main shaft 2, only an appropriate profile of the cam 45 can be designed to obtain the expected movement stroke of the main shaft 2, and the structure is simple, compact and easy to design. Also includes a return spring, one end of the return spring is connected to the drive side 43, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the machine tool shell 1, so that after the pressing side 411 presses down on the main shaft 2, the original position is restored, so as to prevent the knife beating device 4 from interfering with the main shaft 2 operation.

In this embodiment, the blowing mechanism 3 includes a bracket 31 and an elbow 32, a sleeve 33 and a thin tube 34 arranged on the bracket 31. The elbow 32 is connected to an external air source, and the two ends of the sleeve 33 are respectively connected to a thin tube 34. It is connected with the elbow joint 32 , the thin tube 34 and the air inlet 23 , and the bracket 31 is fixed on the bottom of the pressing edge 411 . Because in order to connect the knife device 4 with the air blowing mechanism 3, when the pressing edge 411 moves, the blowing mechanism 3 will also follow the movement. Therefore, it is necessary to make the blowing mechanism 3 more flexible and compact, and reduce the risk of failure of the blowing mechanism 3.

In this embodiment, the centerline of the air inlet 23 is perpendicular to the centerline of the main shaft 2 , that is, the air inlet 23 is arranged in the radial direction of the main shaft 2 , which is easy to process and does not affect the rigidity of the main shaft 2 . Or the air inlet 23 is arranged obliquely, and tends to the end of the main shaft 2 away from the tapered hole 21 , that is, the end of the air inlet 23 facing the tapered hole 21 . The air inlet can be made to face the tapered hole 21 of the main shaft 2, so that the gas can be blown to the tapered hole 21 more and more precisely, so as to achieve a better effect.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand , the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A machine tool for spindle tool change synchronous blowing, characterized in that: it comprises a cutter, a spindle and an air blowing mechanism, the front end of the spindle is provided with a tapered hole for clamping the cutter, and the side of the spindle is provided with an air intake hole, the interior of the main shaft is provided with a blowing channel connecting the taper hole and the air intake hole; The blowing mechanism is connected to the air inlet through a pipeline; The moment the taper hole releases the tool, the blowing mechanism starts blowing synchronously; the moment the taper hole shrinks and clamps the tool, the blowing mechanism stops blowing synchronously. 2. A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a knife punching device capable of pressing down on the spindle to loosen the taper hole. The knife is opened, and the blowing mechanism is fixedly connected with the knife striking device. 3. A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change according to claim 2, characterized in that: the knife driving device includes a tool bar and a tool bar shaft, and the tool bar includes abutting parts that are bent and connected to each other Crimping edge and driving edge, the punching bar is provided with a hole for the shaft of the cutter bar to pass through, the driving edge is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the punching bar, and the end of the pressing edge A groove for the main shaft to pass through is provided, the opening direction of the groove is perpendicular to the centerline of the main shaft, and a knife roller that presses against the main shaft is arranged on the inner side of the groove, and the main shaft is set There is a knife beating part for the collision of the knife beating roller. 4. A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change according to claim 3, characterized in that: the angle between the pressing side and the driving side is 90-150 degrees, and the pressing side The sides are perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to said major axis. 5. A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change according to claim 3, characterized in that: the air blowing mechanism includes a bracket and an elbow joint, a sleeve and a thin tube arranged on the bracket, and the elbow The joint is connected to an external air source, the two ends of the sleeve are respectively connected to the thin tube and the elbow joint, the thin tube is connected to the air inlet, and the bracket is fixed on the bottom of the pressing edge . 6. According to claim 3 or 4, a machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change is characterized in that: it also includes a machine tool shell and a friction part fixed on the machine tool shell, the drive mechanism is a cam, and the The cam is in contact with the friction portion. 7. A machine tool for synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change according to claim 6, characterized in that: it also includes a return spring, one end of the return spring is connected to the driving side, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the drive side. The machine tool housing is connected. 8 . A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the centerline of the air inlet hole is perpendicular to the centerline of the spindle. 9 . A machine tool with synchronous air blowing for spindle tool change according to claim 1 , wherein the air inlet hole is inclined toward one end of the taper hole. 10 .