CN105379529B - The shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half - Google Patents
The shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half Download PDFInfo
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- CN105379529B CN105379529B CN201510768095.6A CN201510768095A CN105379529B CN 105379529 B CN105379529 B CN 105379529B CN 201510768095 A CN201510768095 A CN 201510768095A CN 105379529 B CN105379529 B CN 105379529B
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- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005739 Bordeaux mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010007247 Carbuncle Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001278112 Populus euphratica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218998 Salicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000204900 Talipariti tiliaceum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGWKCNDTYUOTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [Cu].OS(O)(=O)=O UGWKCNDTYUOTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half, comprise the following steps：Diversiform-leaved poplar capsule is gathered, with adopting with fortune, flat ventilation is laid in and dries, is shelled when degree to be cracked is up to 85% 90%；Nursery spray disinfectant；To nursery ditching, ridging；Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigation extremely away from ditch along at 5cm, when being oozed under moisture in ditch at away from bottom of trench 10cm, artificial seeding；By seed be sowed at ditch both sides away from ditch top 10cm at, immediately by Shading net covering on ditch after the completion of sowing；After planting all germinate, irrigate 23 times to seed；Treat that seedling length, to 2 3cm, sunshade net is removed, can be transplanted after 1 year.The shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half of the present invention, humiture is controlled using sunshade net, is that diversiform-leaved poplar seed is sprouted and creates optimum condition, the seed of differing maturity obtains preferable emergence rate, and average emergence rate is up to 72.03%；Seedling will not be produced and burnt；Irrigation frequency is effectively reduced, labor intensity is reduced；Sunshade net is cheap, can continuously use, production cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seedling-wood breeding technical field, and in particular to a kind of shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half.
Background technology
Diversiform-leaved poplar (PopuluseuphraticaOliv.) is also known as cotton tree, belongs to Salicaceae, is most original in Populus, most ancient
Seeds, be " vulnerable species " in 388 kinds of rare or endangered species that China determines in the first batch.China is that diversiform-leaved poplar is distributed in the world today
The country that scope is maximum, quantity is most, wherein 89.1% Populus Euphratica area concentrates on the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, it is to safeguarding
The fragile ecosystem balance in regulation and control arid-desert areas is played a very important role.Diversiform-leaved poplar has heat resistanceheat resistant, cold-resistant drought resisting, resisted
The thin characteristic of dust storm, salt resistance alkali, anti-carbuncle, diversiform-leaved poplar is the unique arbor species of desert area of extreme drought, is Desert Oasis
The important degeneration-resistant germ plasm resource in area, is dust storm forward position, the saline and alkaline preferred seeds of the main protection forest afforestation in region such as heavier.
Diversiform-leaved poplar seed maturity is longer, Xinjiang Tarim River Basin two sides diversiform-leaved poplar seed maturity from mid-June one
Mid-October directly is extended to, up to 4 months as long as, ripe peak period was in mid-August to mid-September, and seed maturity strain number is accounted for
80.3%.Artificial breeding generally all by the end of June-mid-July carries out, and so just can guarantee that seedling has enough growth time to complete
Lignifying, so that safe overwintering, but the kernel maturing of this phase acquisition is not high, has a strong impact on emergence rate.If waiting big portion
Point seed all maturations gather seed seedling-raising again, can cause that the growth of seedling time is shorter again, and degree of lignification is inadequate, it is impossible to which safety is got over
Winter.
Diversiform-leaved poplar seed is very small, oblong, long 1-1.2mm, mid diameter 0.5-0.7mm, and base portion, which, gives birth to many in vain
The elongated fine hair of color, long 5-6mm floats propagate whereby, and can float on the water and drift with the tide in the air with the wind.The results showed,
After diversiform-leaved poplar seed collection, under field conditions (factors), second day germination percentage 97% is down to 87% on the 6th day, is down to 31% within the 11st day,
1% is down to after being down within 15th day 18%, one month.Diversiform-leaved poplar Seed Vitality is more fragile as can be seen here, easy in inactivation.Test table
Bright, diversiform-leaved poplar percentage of seedgermination is improved with extending with for soaking time, when soak 72 it is small when after, Quan vital seed is
Germinate in portion.Until immersion continues 360 hours, leaf beginning exhibition, young root is born, and seedling is without putrefactive phenomenon, it is seen that diversiform-leaved poplar is in hair of sprouting
During bud, seed needs the immersion processing by certain time, can effectively improve percentage of seedgermination.
Ditching, ridging nursery, the nursery of furrow block and covering with ground sheeting seeding and seedling raising that current diversiform-leaved poplar nursery is mainly used are also small
Area carries out diversiform-leaved poplar seedling in greenhouse.Nursery ditch mainly using trench digging method of soil preparation, by diversiform-leaved poplar seed broadcasting in ditch both sides, daily
Pour water, it is ensured that have water in ditch always, so as to ensure soil moisture.To avoid hot weather on daytime, in the morning before 12 points and under
Irrigated after 7 points of noon；Furrow block nursery be by nursery it is smooth after be divided into furrow shape, once irrigated before sowing, then general's Hu
Poplar seed or diversiform-leaved poplar fruit branch with capsule are inserted on ground, and micro- spray repair water is regularly carried out daily, keep soil moisture, until planting
After sub all sproutings, reduction sprinkling irrigation number of times；Covering with ground sheeting nursery mainly improved using covering with ground sheeting by the way of the soil moisture with
Soil moisture is kept to improve emergence rate.
But existing method for culturing seedlings is required to the seed for selecting maturity higher, because the diversiform-leaved poplar maturity period is concentrated in August
In ten days-mid-September, the field seedling raising time is lagged behind, cause the high seed of nursery stage maturity less, constrain the big face of diversiform-leaved poplar nursery stock
Long-pending cultivation；Because diversiform-leaved poplar is concentrated mainly on Southern Xinjiang, the 6-7 months exactly hot weather of nursery stage, and South Sinkiang soil
Quality is generally that infiltration rate degree is fast under sandy loam or sandy soil, moisture, keeps soil moisture every to ensure to have enough moisture in ditch
It is irrigated, and irrigation time requires high, and labor intensity is larger；Furrow block seedling cost is higher, it is necessary to use micro spray irrigation, management intensity
Greatly, at least 2-3 times sprinkling irrigation need to be carried out daily, be unsuitable for being widely applied；The hot weather of South Sinkiang makes in overlay film nursery film
Temperature is higher, and poor air permeability, seedling is easily burnt, and reduces survival rate；And although seedling in greenhouse can guarantee that higher emergence rate, but educate
Seedling cost is higher, and management intensity is big and area is small, is unsuitable for being widely applied.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is that introduces a collection present in prior art is few, labor intensity is big, burn seedling to solve
Wood and the high shortcoming of cost are there is provided a kind of shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half, and this method is kept using sunshade net half shading of formation
Suitable temperature and soil moisture in net, reduce irrigation frequency, the seed of differing maturity is obtained and emerged compared with high germination
Rate, effectively increases arid-desert area diversiform-leaved poplar nursery emergence rate.
The present invention provides a kind of shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half, comprises the following steps：
Gather diversiform-leaved poplar capsule the 6-7 months, the capsule is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness≤5cm, often
It is stirred 2-3 times, and degree to be cracked shells when reaching 85%-90%；
To nursery spray disinfectant；
It is 1 that the gradient in the nursery ditching, ridging of thimerosal, ditch, which will be sprayed,:0.5, ridge is compressed, tamped；
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigation extremely away from ditch along at 5cm, when being oozed under moisture in ditch at away from bottom of trench 10cm,
Carry out artificial seeding；During sowing by seed be sowed at ditch both sides away from ditch top 10cm at, sowing width be 5-8cm；
Immediately by Shading net covering on ditch after the completion of sowing, air themperature is at 30-35 DEG C in sunshade net, and air humidity exists
45-55%；After planting all germinate, irrigate 2-3 times to seed；Treat that seedling length, to 2-3cm, sunshade net is removed, can enter after 1 year
Row is transplanted；The ditching, ridging method be salt-soda soil in open zanjon, ditch depth 30-35cm, furrow width 40-50cm, row spacing 20-25cm；
Sandy loam opens shallow ridges, ditch depth 20-25cm, furrow width 30-35cm, row spacing 15-20cm.
Further, the method for shelling is shelled for artificial stranding kind or thresing machine threshing is shelled.
Further, the thimerosal is Bordeaux mixture, and every mu of consumption is 1000L；The Bordeaux mixture proportioning is sulfuric acid
Copper：Lime：Water=1:1:100.
Further, the type of seeding is, by the thin washed-out sand of the spy of diversiform-leaved poplar seed and granularity ﹤ 0.25mm according to 1:5
Ratio is mixed, and is fitted into 500ml plastic bottle, and the individual a diameter of 0.5mm of 8-10 aperture is bored on bottle cap, by plastic bottle be inverted into
Row sowing.
Further, the sunshade net is three pin black flat filament shading nets.
Further, sunshade net shading rate described in salt-soda soil is 80%, and sandy loam sunshade net shading rate is 70%.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half of the present invention, can make air themperature in sunshade net
Control is at 30-35 DEG C, and air humidity is controlled in 45-55%, is that diversiform-leaved poplar seed sprouts creation optimum condition, makes differing maturity
Seed obtains preferable emergence rate, and average emergence rate is up to 72.03%；Suitable temperature will not be produced to seedling and burnt；Effectively subtract
Few irrigation frequency, is irrigated daily before the seedling 2-3cm of conventional method, is reduced to only irrigate 2-3 times, reduction work is strong
Degree；The sunshade net that this method is used is the polyethylene (PE) of anti-aging material, cheap, and can continuously use 3-5, raw
Produce cost relatively low.The inventive method is simple and easy to apply, with low cost, it is easy to promote the use of.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.It should be noted that the skill described in following embodiments
The combination of art feature or technical characteristic be not construed as it is isolated, they can be mutually combined so as to reach preferably
Technique effect.
Embodiment 1
1st, seed preparation：The capsule of differing maturity is distinguished with capsule color, faint yellow maturity highest, yellow green
Take second place, green is worst.On July 17th, 2012, each color capsule gathered 70 plants, and 210 plants are gathered altogether.The difference of collection is ripe
The capsule of degree is laid in flat aerated area and separately dried, and dries thickness and is no more than 5cm, 2 times, 14 are stirred daily:00 and 17:00
Point is each once.Faint yellow dry has 90% capsule cracking for 2 days, and yellow green capsule, which is dried, 88% capsule cracking, green capsule for 3 days
Fruit, which dries, 85% capsule cracking for 4 days, and the capsule of each tree is respectively processed, and is manually rubbed with the hands for 2mm sieve using aperture
Plant and shell.The seed handled well is respectively charged into kraft envelope bag, cold compartment of refrigerator storage is put into, refrigerated storage temperature is 4 DEG C.
2nd, nursery is sterilized：Nursery is disinfected using artificial spray.Disinfectant is that (proportioning is sulfuric acid to Bordeaux mixture
Copper：Lime：Water=1:1:100), every mu of consumption is 1000L.
3rd, site preparation：Using the land preparation mode of ditching, ridging, this example nursery is salt-soda soil, and ditch is to for East and West direction, ditch depth
The gradient is 1 in 35cm, furrow width 50cm, row spacing 25cm, ditch:0.5.Ridge is compacted using artificial trample.Ditch 210 altogether, often
The long 65m of bar ditch.
4th, seeding and seedling raising：Sowing is irrigated for first 1 day, is poured water away from, along at 5cm, treating to ooze to away from bottom of trench under moisture in ditch on ditch
When at 10cm, artificial seeding is carried out.Because diversiform-leaved poplar seed is smaller, by the thin water of the spy of diversiform-leaved poplar seed and granularity ﹤ 0.25mm during sowing
Washed-out sand is according to 1:5 ratio is mixed, and is fitted into 500ml plastic bottle, the aperture 10 that drill straight footpath is about 0.5mm on bottle cap,
Plastic bottle is inverted and sowed.During sowing by seed be sowed at ditch both sides away from ditch top 10cm at, sowing bandwidth be 8cm, mistake
Seed easily flows with water when width is irrigated, and causes uneven sowing even.Every plant of tree one bar ditch of sowing, are easy to the later stage to count emergence rate.
5th, half shading treatment：Immediately by Shading net covering on ditch after finishing, from three pins, the black that shading rate is 80%
Flat filament shading net, the width of net is 6.0m, the laying of vertical trench digging direction.Sunshade net first buries one end with soil pressure when laying, and 2
The other end is dragged to the another side on ground by people, pulls process sunshade net apart from ground about 60cm, it is to avoid sunshade net destroys seeding belt.
Flanging measure is carried out, in order to avoid strong wind is blown afloat, sunshade net both sides are compacted by flanging using about 0.5kg soil, and one is pressed every 50cm
Block.Air temperature control is at 30-35 DEG C in sunshade net, and air humidity is controlled in 45-55%.To seed, all germination is supplemented after broadcasting
Irrigate 2 times.Treat that seedling length can remove shade net to 2-3cm, can be transplanted after 1 year.
6th, through investigation, faint yellow fruit emergence rate is 83.41%, and yellowish green fruit emergence rate is 70.3%, and green fruit emergence rate is
62.38%.
Embodiment 2
1st, seed preparation：The capsule of differing maturity is distinguished with capsule color, faint yellow maturity highest, yellow green
Take second place, green is worst.On July 17th, 2012, each color capsule gathered 70 plants, and 210 plants are gathered altogether.The difference of collection is ripe
The capsule of degree is laid in flat aerated area and separately dried, and dries thickness and is no more than 5cm, 2 times, 14 are stirred daily:00 and 17:00
Point is each once.Faint yellow dry has 90% capsule cracking for 2 days, and yellow green capsule, which is dried, 88% capsule cracking, green capsule for 3 days
Fruit, which dries, 85% capsule cracking for 4 days, and the capsule of each tree is respectively processed, and is manually rubbed with the hands for 2mm sieve using aperture
Plant and shell.The seed handled well is respectively charged into kraft envelope bag, cold compartment of refrigerator storage is put into, refrigerated storage temperature is 4 DEG C.
2nd, nursery is sterilized：Nursery is disinfected using artificial spray.Disinfectant is that (proportioning is sulfuric acid to Bordeaux mixture
Copper：Lime：Water=1:1:100), every mu of consumption is 1000L.
3rd, site preparation：Using the land preparation mode of ditching, ridging, this example nursery is salt-soda soil, and ditch is to for East and West direction, ditch depth
The gradient is 1 in 30cm, furrow width 40cm, row spacing 20cm, ditch:0.5.Ridge is compacted using artificial trample.Ditch 210 altogether, often
The long 65m of bar ditch.
4th, seeding and seedling raising：Sowing is irrigated for first 1 day, is poured water away from, along at 5cm, treating to ooze to away from bottom of trench under moisture in ditch on ditch
When at 10cm, artificial seeding is carried out.Because diversiform-leaved poplar seed is smaller, by the thin water of the spy of diversiform-leaved poplar seed and granularity ﹤ 0.25mm during sowing
Washed-out sand is according to 1:5 ratio is mixed, and is fitted into 500ml plastic bottle, the aperture 8 that drill straight footpath is about 0.5mm on bottle cap, will
Plastic bottle is inverted and sowed.During sowing by seed be sowed at ditch both sides away from ditch top 10cm at, sowing width be 5cm, wide filling
Seed easily flows with water when irrigating, and causes uneven sowing even.Every plant of tree one bar ditch of sowing, are easy to the later stage to count emergence rate.
5th, half shading treatment：Immediately by Shading net covering on ditch after finishing, from three pins, the black that shading rate is 80%
Flat filament shading net, the width of net is 6.0m, the laying of vertical trench digging direction.Sunshade net first buries one end with soil pressure when laying, and 2
The other end is dragged to the another side on ground by people, pulls process sunshade net apart from ground about 70cm, it is to avoid sunshade net destroys seeding belt.
Flanging measure is carried out, in order to avoid strong wind is blown afloat, sunshade net both sides are compacted by flanging using about 0.5kg soil, and one is pressed every 50cm
Block.Air temperature control is at 30-35 DEG C in sunshade net, and air humidity is controlled in 45-55%.To seed, all germination is supplemented after broadcasting
Irrigate 3 times.Treat that seedling length can remove shade net to 2-3cm, can be transplanted after 1 year.
6th, through investigation, faint yellow fruit emergence rate is 82.25%, and yellowish green fruit emergence rate is 71.26%, and green fruit emergence rate is
63.55%.
Embodiment 3
1st, seed preparation：The capsule of differing maturity is distinguished with capsule color, faint yellow maturity highest, yellow green
Take second place, green is worst.On July 17th, 2012, each color capsule gathered 70 plants, and 210 plants are gathered altogether.The difference of collection is ripe
The capsule of degree is laid in flat aerated area and separately dried, and dries thickness and is no more than 5cm, 2 times, 14 are stirred daily:00 and 17:00
Point is each once.Faint yellow dry has 90% capsule cracking for 2 days, and yellow green capsule, which is dried, 88% capsule cracking, green capsule for 3 days
Fruit, which dries, 85% capsule cracking for 4 days, and the capsule of each tree is respectively processed, and is manually rubbed with the hands for 2mm sieve using aperture
Plant and shell.The seed handled well is respectively charged into kraft envelope bag, cold compartment of refrigerator storage is put into, refrigerated storage temperature is 4 DEG C.
2nd, nursery is sterilized：Nursery is disinfected using artificial spray.Disinfectant is that (proportioning is sulfuric acid to Bordeaux mixture
Copper：Lime：Water=1:1:100), every mu of consumption is 1000L.
3rd, site preparation：Using the land preparation mode of ditching, ridging, this example nursery is sandy loam, and ditch is to for East and West direction, ditch depth
The gradient is 1 in 20cm, furrow width 30cm, row spacing 15cm, ditch:0.5.Ridge is compacted using artificial trample.Ditch 210 altogether, often
The long 65m of bar ditch.
4th, seeding and seedling raising：Sowing is irrigated for first 1 day, is poured water away from, along at 5cm, treating to ooze to away from bottom of trench under moisture in ditch on ditch
When at 10cm, artificial seeding is carried out.Because diversiform-leaved poplar seed is smaller, by the thin water of the spy of diversiform-leaved poplar seed and granularity ﹤ 0.25mm during sowing
Washed-out sand is according to 1:5 ratio is mixed, and is fitted into 500ml plastic bottle, the aperture 10 that drill straight footpath is about 0.5mm on bottle cap,
Plastic bottle is inverted and sowed.During sowing by seed be sowed at ditch both sides away from ditch top 10cm at, sowing width be 6cm, it is wide
Seed easily flows with water during irrigation, causes uneven sowing even.Every plant of tree one bar ditch of sowing, are easy to the later stage to count emergence rate.
5th, half shading treatment：Immediately by Shading net covering on ditch after finishing, from three pins, the black that shading rate is 70%
Flat filament shading net, the width of net is 6.0m, the laying of vertical trench digging direction.Sunshade net first buries one end with soil pressure when laying, and 2
The other end is dragged to the another side on ground by people, pulls process sunshade net apart from ground about 80cm, it is to avoid sunshade net destroys seeding belt.
Flanging measure is carried out, in order to avoid strong wind is blown afloat, sunshade net both sides are compacted by flanging using about 0.5kg soil, and one is pressed every 50cm
Block.Air temperature control is at 30-35 DEG C in sunshade net, and air humidity is controlled in 45-55%.To seed, all germination is supplemented after broadcasting
Irrigate 3 times.Treat that seedling length can remove shade net to 2-3cm, can be transplanted after 1 year.
6th, through investigation, faint yellow fruit emergence rate is 81.07%, and yellowish green fruit emergence rate is 69.52%, and green fruit emergence rate is
60.89%.
Embodiment 4
1st, seed preparation：The capsule of differing maturity is distinguished with capsule color, faint yellow maturity highest, yellow green
Take second place, green is worst.On July 17th, 2012, each color capsule gathered 70 plants, and 210 plants are gathered altogether.The difference of collection is ripe
The capsule of degree is laid in flat aerated area and separately dried, and dries thickness and is no more than 5cm, 2 times, 14 are stirred daily:00 and 17:00
Point is each once.Faint yellow dry has 90% capsule cracking for 2 days, and yellow green capsule, which is dried, 88% capsule cracking, green capsule for 3 days
Fruit, which dries, 85% capsule cracking for 4 days, and the capsule of each tree is respectively processed, and is manually rubbed with the hands for 2mm sieve using aperture
Plant and shell.The seed handled well is respectively charged into kraft envelope bag, cold compartment of refrigerator storage is put into, refrigerated storage temperature is 4 DEG C.
2nd, nursery is sterilized：Nursery is disinfected using artificial spray.Disinfectant is that (proportioning is sulfuric acid to Bordeaux mixture
Copper：Lime：Water=1:1:100), every mu of consumption is 1000L.
3rd, site preparation：Using the land preparation mode of ditching, ridging, this example nursery is salt-soda soil, and ditch is to for East and West direction, ditch depth
The gradient is 1 in 25cm, furrow width 35cm, row spacing 20cm, ditch:0.5.Ridge is compacted using artificial trample.Ditch 210 altogether, often
The long 65m of bar ditch.
4th, seeding and seedling raising：Sowing is irrigated for first 1 day, is poured water away from, along at 5cm, treating to ooze to away from bottom of trench under moisture in ditch on ditch
When at 10cm, artificial seeding is carried out.Because diversiform-leaved poplar seed is smaller, by the thin water of the spy of diversiform-leaved poplar seed and granularity ﹤ 0.25mm during sowing
Washed-out sand is according to 1:5 ratio is mixed, and is fitted into 500ml plastic bottle, the aperture 9 that drill straight footpath is about 0.5mm on bottle cap, will
Plastic bottle is inverted and sowed.During sowing by seed be sowed at ditch both sides away from ditch top 10cm at, sowing width be 5cm, wide filling
Seed easily flows with water when irrigating, and causes uneven sowing even.Every plant of tree one bar ditch of sowing, are easy to the later stage to count emergence rate.
5th, half shading treatment：Immediately by Shading net covering on ditch after finishing, from three pins, the black that shading rate is 70%
Flat filament shading net, the width of net is 6.0m, the laying of vertical trench digging direction.Sunshade net first buries one end with soil pressure when laying, and 2
The other end is dragged to the another side on ground by people, pulls process sunshade net apart from ground about 75cm, it is to avoid sunshade net destroys seeding belt.
Flanging measure is carried out, in order to avoid strong wind is blown afloat, sunshade net both sides are compacted by flanging using about 0.5kg soil, and one is pressed every 50cm
Block.Air temperature control is at 30-35 DEG C in sunshade net, and air humidity is controlled in 45-55%.To seed, all germination is supplemented after broadcasting
Irrigate 3 times.Treat that seedling length can remove shade net to 2-3cm, can be transplanted after 1 year.
6th, through investigation, faint yellow fruit emergence rate is 84.26%, and yellowish green fruit emergence rate is 72.27%, and green fruit emergence rate is
62.65%.
The shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half of the present invention, can make in sunshade net air temperature control in 30-35 DEG C, air humidity
Control is that diversiform-leaved poplar seed sprouts creation optimum condition, the seed of differing maturity is obtained preferable emergence rate in 45-55%,
Average emergence rate is up to 72.03%；Suitable temperature will not be produced to seedling and burnt；Irrigation frequency is effectively reduced, by conventional method
Seedling 2-3cm before irrigate daily, be reduced to only need to irrigate 2-3 time, reduction labor intensity；The sunshade net that this method is used is
The polyethylene (PE) of anti-aging material, it is cheap, and 3-5 can be continuously used, production cost is relatively low.The inventive method letter
It is single easy, it is with low cost, it is easy to promote the use of.
Although having been presented for some embodiments of the present invention herein, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that
Without departing from the spirit of the invention, the embodiments herein can be changed.Above-described embodiment be it is exemplary, no
The restriction of interest field of the present invention should be used as using the embodiments herein.
Claims (4)
1. the shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Gather diversiform-leaved poplar capsule the 6-7 months, the capsule is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness≤5cm, turns over daily
Dynamic 2-3 times, degree to be cracked shells when reaching 85%-90%；
To nursery spray disinfectant；
It is 1 that the gradient in the nursery ditching, ridging of thimerosal, ditch, which will be sprayed,:0.5, ridge is compressed, tamped；
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigate extremely away from ditch along at 5cm, when being oozed under moisture in ditch at away from bottom of trench 10cm, progress
Artificial seeding；During sowing by seed be sowed at ditch both sides away from ditch top 10cm at, sowing width be 5-8cm；
Immediately by Shading net covering on ditch after the completion of sowing, air themperature is at 30-35 DEG C in sunshade net, and air humidity is in 45-
55%；After planting all germinate, irrigate 2-3 times to seed；Treat that seedling length, to 2-3cm, sunshade net is removed, can be carried out after 1 year
Transplant；
The thimerosal is Bordeaux mixture, and every mu of consumption is 1000L；The Bordeaux mixture proportioning is copper sulphate：Lime：Water=1:
1:100；
The ditching, ridging method be salt-soda soil in open zanjon, ditch depth 30-35cm, furrow width 40-50cm, row spacing 20-25cm；Husky earth
Soil opens shallow ridges, ditch depth 20-25cm, furrow width 30-35cm, row spacing 15-20cm；
Sunshade net shading rate described in salt-soda soil is 80%, and sandy loam sunshade net shading rate is 70%.
2. the shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the method shelled is planted for artificial rub with the hands
Shell or thresing machine threshing is shelled.
3. the shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the method for the sowing is, by diversiform-leaved poplar
Seed and granularity ﹤ the 0.25mm thin washed-out sand of spy are according to 1:5 ratio is mixed, and is fitted into 500ml plastic bottle, is bored on bottle cap
8-10 a diameter of 0.5mm aperture, plastic bottle is inverted and sowed.
4. the shading method for culturing seedlings of diversiform-leaved poplar half as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the sunshade net is three pin black flat filaments
Sunshade net.
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| CN106069342B (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2022-04-15 | 新疆维吾尔自治区水土保持生态环境监测总站 | Populus diversifolia seedling culture method and device |
| CN109699380B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-05-11 | 阿拉善盟林木种苗站 | Greenhouse seedling growing method for populus euphratica |
| CN110214622A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-10 | 武威市嘉农科技有限责任公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate |
| CN114303765A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-12 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Populus diversifolia seedling cultivation method in river west region |
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