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CN105360029A - Continuous culturing method for two-year-five-crop prawns - Google Patents

Continuous culturing method for two-year-five-crop prawns Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105360029A
CN105360029A CN201510793496.7A CN201510793496A CN105360029A CN 105360029 A CN105360029 A CN 105360029A CN 201510793496 A CN201510793496 A CN 201510793496A CN 105360029 A CN105360029 A CN 105360029A
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shrimp
cultural method
japonicus
day
around
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CN201510793496.7A
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CN105360029B (en
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杨阳
邓登
詹玉春
杨金芳
向朝林
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Shenzhen Australia Group Limited by Share Ltd
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SHENZHEN ALPHA AGRICULTURE ANIMAL HUSBANDRY CO Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of shrimp culture and discloses a continuous culturing method for two-year-five-crop prawns. The continuous culturing method for two-year-five-crop prawns concretely comprises steps in that during the first crop, South America prawns and fishes are mixedly cultured around the Tomb-Sweeping day; during the second crop, penaeus japonicus are stocked around the Autumn Begins day; during the third crop, South Africa prawns are stocked around the First Frost Day and cultured in a winter shed around the Light Snow day; during the fourth crop, the South Africa prawns and fishes are mixedly cultured around the Tomb-Sweeping day of the next year; and during the fifth crop, penaeus japonicus are stocked around the Autumn Begins day of the next day. The culturing mode has the great advantage of stable production. The prawn and fish mixed-culturing mode has excellent stability; the penaeus japonicus has high economic value; winter shed prawns are welcomed by farmers due to stability and high profits; three excellent culturing modes are combined, rational seedling releasing density is set out and scientific set meals matches and detailed daily management are arranged, so farmer earnings can be greatly improved; and a system solution scheme is provided for the prawn culturing industry.

Description

Prawn makes sustainable cultural method in 2 years five
Technical field
The invention belongs to shrimp culture field, specifically a kind of prawn makes sustainable cultural method in 2 years five.
Background technology
Shrimp culture is the pillar industry of China and even whole world culture fishery.In the eighties in 20th century, the development of shrimp culture industry has driven the development of the culture fishery of China, facilitates the economic development of coastal area, and has driven the synchronized development of the related industry chains such as coastal area nursery, bait production, refrigeration processing.Enter the nineties, especially from 1992, due to spreading of prawn virus disease all parts of the country, waterman author does not have again suitable countermeasure, causes shrimp culture industry economic benefit plummeted.Therefore, after studying intensively prawn virus disease waterman authors, exploring the new substitute species of shrimp culture industry, new growth engines, the cultivation of Penaeus Vannmei is started.
Penaeus Vannmei propagates fast growth artificially, within 60 days, can reach listing specification; Proper salinity level wide (0-40 ‰), can take the multiple aquaculture model of pure fresh water, brackish water, seawater, all can grow from natural waters to freshwater, thus break region restriction, and tool is high temperature resistant, premunition is strong; Feeding habits are mixed, and require low to forage protein, 35% can reach needed for growth; Individual large, thin meat savoury U.S. of shell.Be the fine quality of " extra large shrimp is light to be supported ", make it cultivate territorial scope and expand.One of worldwide three large shrimps breed varieties are become.
By the impact of the many factors such as disease, weather from 2012, South China's shrimp culture industry is inflicted heavy losses on, output declines to a great extent, prawn culturing success rate only has 30%, even be annihilated in many areas, there is the phenomenon that large area pond is fallen into disuse in a lot of cultivation close quarters (as the villages and small towns, river in Shangdong Province in the Taishan, Hai Yan town, the red flag town of sluice gate, Lian Xi town), a lot of cultivation practitioner is forced to change one's profession.Along with the continuous deterioration of breeding environment, seedling is degenerated, degradation problems under feed product quality, and former prawn intensive culture pattern has been not suitable with breeding environment of today, is therefore badly in need of the road of the cultivation of a searching sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the prawn of improving cultivation success rate and income and make sustainable cultural method in 2 years five.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Prawn makes sustainable cultural method in 2 years five, described cultural method comprises: first to make be Penaeus Vannmei and fish are raised together with before and after clear and bright, second to make be putting japonicus in a suitable place to breed in the beginning of autumn of around, 3rd to make be putting Penaeus Vannmei in a suitable place to breed around the Frost's Descent and carrying out winter canopy cultivation around slight snow, 4th to make be Penaeus Vannmei and fish are raised together with before and after Clear and Bright next year, and the 5th to make be put japonicus in next year in a suitable place to breed in the beginning of autumn of around.
Seedling time that puts of shrimp seedling, fry is because cultivating area and weather conditions at that time and different, so Clear and Bright described here, the beginning of autumn, the Frost's Descent, before and after slight snow, be not limited to solar term same day, be construed as in a period of time of the front and back of solar term, especially before and after solar term in each 5 days can, the concrete seedling time that puts according to place, temperature etc. because usually adjusting.
Further, the described first seedling amount of putting making Penaeus Vannmei is 4.5 ~ 50,000/mu, the described second seedling amount of putting making japonicus is 8 ~ 120,000/mu, the described 3rd seedling amount of putting making Penaeus Vannmei is 15 ~ 200,000/mu, the described 4th seedling amount of putting making Penaeus Vannmei is 4.5 ~ 50,000/mu, and the described 5th seedling amount of putting making japonicus is 8 ~ 120,000/mu.
Further, described first makes, described 4th fish of making is ominivore-fish and omnivorous inclined predacious fish.
Further, described ominivore-fish is Tilapia mossambica, and breeding density is 1300 ~ 1500/mu, and described omnivorous inclined predacious fish is golden butterfish and/or cured fish, and breeding density is 250 ~ 500/mu.
Further, the feed that described cultural method is thrown something and fed is:
S11, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, the safe and comfortable opening material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp≤2cm, to throw something and feed during shrimp 2 ~ 4cm white shrimp broken material, to throw something and feed during shrimp 4 ~ 6cm white shrimp No. 1 material, to throw something and feed during shrimp 6 ~ 10cm No. 2, shrimpfish polyculture compound feed, No. 3, shrimpfish polyculture compound feed of throwing something and feeding during shrimp >=10cm;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that the japonicus intensive culture pattern that S12, second, five makes and the 3rd is made, the safe and comfortable opening material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp≤2cm, the safe and comfortable broken material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp 2 ~ 4cm, safe and comfortable No. 1 material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp 4 ~ 6cm, safe and comfortable No. 2 material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp 6 ~ 10cm, safe and comfortable No. 2 material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp >=10cm.
Further, described cultural method comprises the mode of throwing something and feeding:
S21, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, and throw something and feed every day four times, the time is approximately 6:00,10:00,14:00,18:00, looks into material duration and is about 1.5h;
S22, second makes in the japonicus intensive culture pattern made with the 5th, and throw something and feed every day three times, the time is approximately 19:00,23:00,3:00, looks into material duration and is about 2h;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that S23, the 3rd makes, throw something and feed every day three times, the time is approximately 10:00,13:00,16:00, looks into material duration and is about 2.5h.
Further, described cultural method comprises water quality management:
S31, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, cultivation rich water in early stage treasured and enzyme-added Li Shengbao water transfer, and the cultivation later stage is with biological water purification treasured and protect the precious water transfer of water;
S32, second makes in the japonicus intensive culture pattern made with the 5th, precious and protect the precious water transfer of water by biological water purification;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that S33, the 3rd makes, the precious and enzyme-added Li Shengbao water transfer with rich water.
Cultivation described here refers to the period of shrimp≤10cm in earlier stage, cultivates the period that the later stage refers to shrimp >=10cm.
Further, described cultural method comprises bottom material of pond for breeding process:
S41, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, and bottom material of pond for breeding is through being exposed to the sun and using lime disinfection;
S42, second makes in the japonicus intensive culture pattern made with the 5th, and bottom material of pond for breeding is through being exposed to the sun and cleaning;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that S43, the 3rd makes, bottom material of pond for breeding is through lime disinfection.
Further, described cultural method also comprises:
S51, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, uses set meal of fattening cultivating when the later stage, shrimp grew to more than 8cm: shrimp Ankang is fattened, and to mix positive intestines precious and protect liver treasured for material, uses 15 days continuously;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that the japonicus intensive culture pattern that S52, second, five makes and the 3rd is made, before putting seedling, 2h uses bottoming set meal: precious to safe and comfortable for one barrel of shrimp opening material, one bottle of biological water purification treasured, a bag shrimp crab vigor a, bag after treasured mixes, stress be splashed along the side of a pond; Use when shrimp grows to about 5cm and turn liver set meal: the safe and comfortable broken material of shrimp is mixed positive intestines treasured and protects liver treasured, a meal of throwing something and feeding noon every day, feeds 5 ~ 7 days continuously.
Further, described 3rd Penaeus Vannmei made puts in a suitable place to breed around the Frost's Descent to carry out mark slightly, renders to the large pool cultivation of taking winter canopy before and after slight snow again.
Before putting seedling, examination seedling be carried out: seal by a part of shrimp seedling mesh bag and sink at the bottom of the pool, be calculated to be motility rate after 24h, to check whether shrimp seedling adapts to bottom material of pond for breeding at every turn.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
In aquaculture model of the present invention, Fish-shrimp mix-culture is carried out in the stage that weather is least stable, maximum reduction cultivation risk, make after shrimp harvests first, through being exposed to the sun fully and thoroughly clearing up at the bottom of the pool, second makes cultivation japonicus, japonicus requires high to water quality environment, putting around the Frost's Descent, Penaeus Vannmei mark is thick, and put up winter canopy, namely japonicus is gone out in slight snow before and after solar term after cultivating one month, through process of simply cleaning up the pond, the slightly good Penaeus Vannmei of mark can be put into the winter canopy pool of putting up, cultivate 4 months and went out shrimp before the Ching Ming Festival of Second Year, shrimpfish can be proceeded with that raised together with.
1, the advantage that this aquaculture model is maximum is stable yields.First, make intensive culture Penaeus Vannmei disease at present heavy, arrived the stage of necessary improvement, and shrimpfish Polyculture has high stability; Secondly, japonicus has high economic worth, and existing market price is the several times of Penaeus Vannmei, season in weather metastable autumn in summer two Fed Penaeus japonicus can reach maximization of economic benefit; Finally, winter, canopy shrimp was all the time all because its stability and high yield are subject to the favor of raiser, therefore, these three kinds outstanding aquaculture models are combined, formulate and reasonably put seedling density, the set meal collocation of science and the daily management that becomes more meticulous, can increase substantially the income of raiser, for prawn culturing industry provides the solution of system.
2, cultivation success rate is improved.Under prawn culturing is generally difficult to successful background, uses this aquaculture model can reduce the probability of disease outburst, greatly improve prawn culturing success rate.
3, cultivation income is increased.Relatively current culture benefit has greatly improved, and especially when a lot of raiser cultivates failed, this cover pattern has higher return rate.
4, the benign development of prawn culturing industry is promoted.For a long time, because prawn culturing success rate is low, define debt difficulty between raiser, dealer and feed producer, seedling field, pharmacy to receive-manage improperly-reduce the failed vicious circle of quality-cultivation, because this cover pattern can greatly improve cultivation survival rate, increase the economic benefit of raiser, therefore help lend some impetus to industry benign development.
Embodiment
Prawn of the present invention makes sustainable cultural method in 2 years five, carries out according to the condition of following form:
Table 1 puts the seedling time
Attention: before at every turn putting seedling, carry out examination seedling: seal by a part of shrimp seedling mesh bag and sink at the bottom of the pool, be calculated to be motility rate, to check whether shrimp seedling adapts to bottom material of pond for breeding after 24h.
3rd make put Penaeus Vannmei and will first mark slightly, and put up winter canopy, after cultivating one month namely before and after slight snow solar term, the slightly good Penaeus Vannmei of mark can be put into the winter canopy pool of putting up.
Table 2 puts seedling density
First, fourth fish of making is ominivore-fish and omnivorous inclined predacious fish, the preferred Tilapia mossambica of ominivore-fish, and breeding density is 1300 ~ 1500/mu, and the preferred golden butterfish of omnivorous inclined predacious fish and/or cured fish, breeding density is 250 ~ 500/mu.
The feed that table 3 is thrown something and fed
Above feed, is and registers and the commercially produced product put goods on the market.
Table 4 cultivates the supplementary feeding of key point
Set meal of fattening uses cultivating when the later stage, shrimp grew to more than 8cm: shrimp Ankang is fattened, and to mix positive intestines precious and protect liver treasured for material, uses 15 days continuously;
Bottoming set meal is that before putting seedling, 2h uses: precious to safe and comfortable for one barrel of shrimp opening material, one bottle of biological water purification treasured, a bag shrimp crab vigor a, bag after treasured mixes, stress be splashed along the side of a pond;
Turning liver set meal is use when shrimp grows to about 5cm: the safe and comfortable broken material of shrimp is mixed positive intestines treasured and protects liver treasured, a meal of throwing something and feeding noon every day, feeds 5 ~ 7 days continuously.
Table 5 is thrown something and fed mode and water quality management
The process of table 6 bottom material of pond for breeding
Batch Processing method
First, fourth makes Through being exposed to the sun and using lime disinfection
The second, five make Through being exposed to the sun and cleaning
3rd makes Through lime disinfection
Embodiment 1 ~ 4 is carried out according to above method respectively, and output is as shown in the table:
As seen from the above table, embodiment 1 ~ 4 all obtains successfully, and large-scale disease does not occur; Fishes and shrimps stable yield, obtains and well cultivates income.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, anyly belongs to those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.

Claims (10)

1. prawn makes sustainable cultural method in 2 years five, it is characterized in that, described cultural method comprises: first to make be Penaeus Vannmei and fish are raised together with before and after clear and bright, second to make be putting japonicus in a suitable place to breed in the beginning of autumn of around, 3rd to make be putting Penaeus Vannmei in a suitable place to breed around the Frost's Descent and carrying out winter canopy cultivation around slight snow, 4th to make be Penaeus Vannmei and fish are raised together with before and after Clear and Bright next year, and the 5th to make be put japonicus in next year in a suitable place to breed in the beginning of autumn of around.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described first seedling amount of putting making Penaeus Vannmei is 4.5 ~ 50,000/mu, the described second seedling amount of putting making japonicus is 8 ~ 120,000/mu, the described 3rd seedling amount of putting making Penaeus Vannmei is 15 ~ 200,000/mu, the described 4th seedling amount of putting making Penaeus Vannmei is 4.5 ~ 50,000/mu, and the described 5th seedling amount of putting making japonicus is 8 ~ 120,000/mu.
3. cultural method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first makes, described 4th fish of making is ominivore-fish and omnivorous inclined predacious fish.
4. cultural method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described ominivore-fish is Tilapia mossambica, and breeding density is 1300 ~ 1500/mu, and described omnivorous inclined predacious fish is golden butterfish and/or cured fish, and breeding density is 250 ~ 500/mu.
5. cultural method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the feed that described cultural method is thrown something and fed is:
S11, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, the safe and comfortable opening material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp≤2cm, white shrimp broken material of throwing something and feeding during shrimp 2 ~ 4cm, white shrimp No. 1 material of throwing something and feeding during shrimp 4 ~ 6cm, to throw something and feed during shrimp 6 ~ 10cm No. 2, shrimpfish polyculture compound feed, No. 3, shrimpfish polyculture compound feed of throwing something and feeding during shrimp >=10cm;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that the japonicus intensive culture pattern that S12, second, five makes and the 3rd is made, the safe and comfortable opening material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp≤2cm, the safe and comfortable broken material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp 2 ~ 4cm, safe and comfortable No. 1 material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp 4 ~ 6cm, safe and comfortable No. 2 material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp 6 ~ 10cm, safe and comfortable No. 2 material of shrimp of throwing something and feeding during shrimp >=10cm.
6. cultural method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cultural method comprises the mode of throwing something and feeding:
S21, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, and throw something and feed every day four times, the time is approximately 6:00,10:00,14:00,18:00, looks into material duration and is about 1.5h;
S22, second makes in the japonicus intensive culture pattern made with the 5th, and throw something and feed every day three times, the time is approximately 19:00,23:00,3:00, looks into material duration and is about 2h;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that S23, the 3rd makes, throw something and feed every day three times, the time is approximately 10:00,13:00,16:00, looks into material duration and is about 2.5h.
7. cultural method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cultural method comprises water quality management:
S31, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, cultivation rich water in early stage treasured and enzyme-added Li Shengbao water transfer, and the cultivation later stage is with biological water purification treasured and protect the precious water transfer of water;
S32, second makes in the japonicus intensive culture pattern made with the 5th, precious and protect the precious water transfer of water by biological water purification;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that S33, the 3rd makes, the precious and enzyme-added Li Shengbao water transfer with rich water.
8. cultural method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cultural method comprises bottom material of pond for breeding process:
S41, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, and bottom material of pond for breeding is through being exposed to the sun and using lime disinfection;
S42, second makes in the japonicus intensive culture pattern made with the 5th, and bottom material of pond for breeding is through being exposed to the sun and cleaning;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that S43, the 3rd makes, bottom material of pond for breeding is through lime disinfection.
9. cultural method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cultural method also comprises:
S51, first makes in the shrimpfish Polyculture made with the 4th, uses set meal of fattening cultivating when the later stage, shrimp grew to more than 8cm: shrimp Ankang is fattened, and to mix positive intestines precious and protect liver treasured for material, uses 15 days continuously;
In the winter canopy shrimp aquaculture pattern that the japonicus intensive culture pattern that S52, second, five makes and the 3rd is made, before putting seedling, 2h uses bottoming set meal: precious to safe and comfortable for one barrel of shrimp opening material, one bottle of biological water purification treasured, a bag shrimp crab vigor a, bag after treasured mixes, stress be splashed along the side of a pond; Use when shrimp grows to about 5cm and turn liver set meal: the safe and comfortable broken material of shrimp is mixed positive intestines treasured and protects liver treasured, a meal of throwing something and feeding noon every day, feeds 5 ~ 7 days continuously.
10. cultural method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described 3rd Penaeus Vannmei made puts in a suitable place to breed around the Frost's Descent to carry out mark slightly, renders to the large pool cultivation of taking winter canopy before and after slight snow again.
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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105815240A (en) * 2016-03-13 2016-08-03 海南文昌利洋对虾繁育有限公司 Original pond cultivating method of young shrimps of penaeus vannamei
CN106212328A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-14 汕头市海洋与水产研究所 A kind of utilize temperature canopy survive the winter cultivation 2 hurried Litopenaeus vannamei method
CN106719160A (en) * 2017-01-21 2017-05-31 福建澳华农牧科技有限公司 A kind of Fish-shrimp mix-culture method
CN113711961A (en) * 2021-08-30 2021-11-30 深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司 Culture box for shrimp graded culture and culture method thereof

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105815240A (en) * 2016-03-13 2016-08-03 海南文昌利洋对虾繁育有限公司 Original pond cultivating method of young shrimps of penaeus vannamei
CN106212328A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-14 汕头市海洋与水产研究所 A kind of utilize temperature canopy survive the winter cultivation 2 hurried Litopenaeus vannamei method
CN106212328B (en) * 2016-07-15 2020-04-07 汕头市海洋与水产研究所 Method for overwintering cultivation of 2-generation litopenaeus vannamei by utilizing greenhouse
CN106719160A (en) * 2017-01-21 2017-05-31 福建澳华农牧科技有限公司 A kind of Fish-shrimp mix-culture method
CN113711961A (en) * 2021-08-30 2021-11-30 深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司 Culture box for shrimp graded culture and culture method thereof
CN113711961B (en) * 2021-08-30 2023-04-11 深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司 Culture box for shrimp graded culture and culture method thereof

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