CN105258781B - Optical fiber vibration detection system and optical fiber vibration detection method - Google Patents
Optical fiber vibration detection system and optical fiber vibration detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105258781B CN105258781B CN201510616418.XA CN201510616418A CN105258781B CN 105258781 B CN105258781 B CN 105258781B CN 201510616418 A CN201510616418 A CN 201510616418A CN 105258781 B CN105258781 B CN 105258781B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber vibration detection system and an optical fiber vibration detection method.A fiber vibration sensor is connected with an upper computer; the optical fiber vibration sensor comprises a first circulator, N pumping light sources and a first wavelength division multiplexer, the first circulator is connected with the first wavelength division multiplexer, the N pumping light sources are connected with the first wavelength division multiplexer, the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected to a remote gain module through a first sensing optical fiber, and the remote gain module is also connected with a second sensing optical fiber; the signal light emitted by the first circulator and the pump light emitted by the N pump light sources pass through the first wavelength division multiplexer and then enter the remote gain module, and the pump light is downloaded by the remote gain module and used for amplifying the signal light. Therefore, the technical problem that the existing optical fiber vibration signal detection system is limited in detection distance and cannot meet actual production requirements is solved, and the accuracy of remote optical fiber vibration detection is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to signal detection fields, more particularly, to a kind of fiber-optic vibration detection system and fiber-optic vibration detection side
Method.
Background technique
Heavy construction structure health monitoring, petroleum pipeline protection, prevention of geological disaster etc. require acquisition vibration signal, base
In coherent rayleigh technology (Φ-OTDR) distributed optical fiber vibration sensor due to the advantage incomparable with traditional sensors
And become the hot spot of research.The technology is mainly used in fence intrusion detection, long-distance oil & gas pipeline detection, boundary security protection at present
Equal fields, and good application effect is achieved, but with the extension of detecting distance, optical signal becomes very weak, especially
Backward Rayleigh scattering optical signal becomes extremely faint, this brings very big difficulty for the detection of signal.
Currently in order to solving to become very weak with the extension optical signal of detecting distance, especially backward Rayleigh scattering optical signal
Become this extremely faint problem, in a manner of the single gain coefficient for improving incident optical power or preamplifier.But
To improve incident optical power will to will lead to pulse energy excessively high, can evoke when pulsed optical signals are more than brillouin effect threshold value by
Swash brillouin effect, causes optical power sharply to decline in optical fiber front end, reduce distance sensing instead.To solve this problem, mesh
Before disclose based on Erbium-doped fiber amplifier method in the method for extended fiber sensor-based system monitoring distance, but need to occupy a plurality of
Optical fiber results in waste of resources transmitting pump light, and the effect for extending detecting distance instead is limited, therefore, many actual productions
Demand is not still able to satisfy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the prior art and makes by providing a kind of fiber-optic vibration detection system and fiber-optic vibration detection method
At the technical problem that the effect of the wasting of resources and extension detecting distance is limited.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of fiber-optic vibration detection systems, including：Optical fibre vibration sensor,
Host computer, remote gain module, the first sensor fibre, the second sensor fibre；
The optical fibre vibration sensor is connect with the host computer；
The optical fibre vibration sensor includes first annular device, N number of pump light source and the first wavelength division multiplexer, and N is greater than 1
Integer, wherein the first annular device is connect with first wavelength division multiplexer, N number of pump light source and described first
Wavelength division multiplexer connection, first wavelength division multiplexer are connected to the remote gain module by first sensor fibre,
The remote gain module is also connected with second sensor fibre；
Wherein, from the signal light that the first annular device issues together with from the pump light that N number of pump light source issues
By entering the remote gain module after first wavelength division multiplexer, by the remote gain module by the pumping
Light downloads the amplification for the signal light.
Preferably, the remote gain module includes：Second wavelength division multiplexer, filter, the second circulator, third wavelength-division
Multiplexer, coupler, the 4th wavelength division multiplexer, third circulator, the 5th wavelength division multiplexer；
First wavelength division multiplexer is connected to second wavelength division multiplexer by first sensor fibre, and described
Two wavelength division multiplexers are connected to the filter, and the filter is connected to second circulator, and second circulator connects
It is connected to the third wavelength division multiplexer, the third wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the third circulator, and the third wavelength-division is multiple
It is additionally coupled to the coupler with device, the coupler is connected to the 4th wavelength division multiplexer and second wavelength-division multiplex
Device, the 4th wavelength division multiplexer are connected to the third circulator, second wavelength division multiplexer also with the 5th wavelength-division
Multiplexer is connected, and the third circulator is connected to the 5th wavelength division multiplexer.
Preferably, the remote gain module includes that N number of remote gain submodule is sequentially connected in series；
It is connected between the two neighboring remote gain submodule by sensor fibre, wherein the n-th remote gain submodule
The pump light that n-th pump light source issues is separated into the amplification for being used for the n-th remote gain submodule to the signal light,
N successively takes 1 to N.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of fiber-optic vibration detection methods, applied to described in first aspect
In fiber-optic vibration detection system, the fiber-optic vibration detection method includes the following steps：
The signal light is transferred to together with the pump light that N number of pump light source issues into first sensor fibre
After the remote gain module, the first remote gain submodule receive by first sensor fibre transmission come pump light with
Signal light；
Under the excitation for the pump light that the n-th pump light source issues, the n-th remote gain submodule puts the signal light
Greatly, n successively takes 1 to N；
N remote gain submodule by second sensor fibre transmit come Rayleigh scattering optical signal backward；
Under the excitation for the pump light that the n-th pump light source issues, the n-th remote gain submodule is to the Rayleigh scattering backward
Optical signal amplifies, and n successively takes 1 to N, wherein the optical signal of Rayleigh scattering backward is that the signal light generates.
One or more technical solution provided by the invention, has at least the following technical effects or advantages：
Since the first wavelength division multiplexer that the embodiment of the present invention uses optical fibre vibration sensor is connected by sensor fibre
To remote gain module, remote gain module separates the pump light that pump light source issues, while being connected with sensor fibre
It connects, the monitoring distance that remote gain module improves optical fiber vibration sensing system is thus concatenated between sensor fibre, it is this with fine distant
Pump amplification mode effectively enhances the optical signal for detection to every section of sensor fibre centralization amplification, solves the prior art and makes
At the technical problem that the effect of the wasting of resources and extension detecting distance is limited, to improve the standard of remote fiber-optic vibration detection
True rate.
Further, it is distant pump amplification mode can by forward direction transmission optical signal and reverse transfer Rayleigh scattering optical signal simultaneously
Amplification, for signal light use forward pumping mode, for backward Rayleigh scattering optical signal use backward pump mode, thus this
Kind pumping configuration not only allows the noiseproof feature of signal light good but also backward Rayleigh scattering light obtains higher gain coefficient.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the architecture diagram of fiber-optic vibration detection system in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of medium-long range of embodiment of the present invention gain module；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of fiber-optic vibration detection method in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 1, a kind of fiber-optic vibration detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：Optical fiber vibration sensing
Device 1, host computer 2, the first sensor fibre 3, the second sensor fibre 4, remote gain module 5, wherein optical fibre vibration sensor 1 with
Host computer 2 connects, and optical fibre vibration sensor 1 is connect by the first sensor fibre 3 with remote gain module 5, remote gain module 5
Also it is connect with the second sensor fibre 4.
Specifically, optical fibre vibration sensor 1 includes：First annular device 11, the first pump light source 12-1, the second pump light source
12-2 ... to N pump light source 12-N is total to N number of pump light source, the first wavelength division multiplexer 13.Wherein, first annular device 11 is connected to
First wavelength division multiplexer 13, the first pump light source 12-1, the second pump light source 12-2 ... to N pump light source 12-N are with first
Wavelength division multiplexer 13 connects, and the first wavelength division multiplexer 13 is connected to remote gain module 5 by the first sensor fibre 3.As a result,
The signal light that one circulator 11 generates enters the first wavelength division multiplexer 13, N number of pumping from the Single port of the first wavelength division multiplexer 13
Light source 12-1,12-2 ... issue the pump light of N kind different wave length to 12-N, and the pump light of N kind wavelength is from the first wavelength division multiplexer
13 N number of port enters the first wavelength division multiplexer 13, by the first wavelength division multiplexer 13 by the pump light of N kind wavelength and signal light into
Enter the first sensor fibre 3 after row optical coupling and is transmitted in the first sensor fibre 3 together.
Specifically, N is integer greater than 1, for example, there is 2 pump light sources, 3 pump light sources etc. can be with.
Remote gain module 5 receives the N kind wavelength of the signal light of positive transmission and positive transmission in the first sensor fibre 3
Pump light after, remote gain module 5 pump light of N kind wavelength is respectively corresponded download to forward direction transmission signal light into
Row amplification.
Specifically, remote gain module 5 by the first remote gain submodule 5-1, the second remote gain submodule 5-2 ... extremely
N remote gain submodule 5-N is total to N number of remote gain submodule and is connected in series by sensor fibre.Successively, the first wavelength-division is multiple
First remote gain submodule 5-1, successively, the first remote gain submodule are connected to by the first sensor fibre 3 with device 13
5-1 is connected to the second remote gain submodule 5-2, the second remote gain submodule 5-2 by one section of sensor fibre and passes through another
Section sensor fibre is connected to third remote gain submodule (not shown) etc., last, and N remote gain submodule 5-N connects
It is connected to the second sensor fibre 4, so that the second sense light will be passed through by the amplified signal light of N remote gain submodule 5-N
Fibre 4 is transferred to next stage arrangement.
Specifically, the first remote gain submodule 5-1 receive in the first sensor fibre 3 positive transmission signal light and
The pump light of the N kind wavelength from N number of pump light source of forward direction transmission, then the first remote gain submodule 5-1 will be remote with first
A kind of corresponding pump light of wavelength of Cheng Zengyi submodule 5-1, which is downloaded, put for the first time to the signal light of forward direction transmission
Greatly, the pump light of remaining N-1 kind wavelength is continued through into one section of sensor fibre and is transmitted to the second remote gain submodule 5-2.
Second remote gain submodule 5-2 will be downloaded with a kind of second corresponding wavelength of remote gain submodule 5-2 to forward direction
The signal light of transmission carries out second and amplifies, and the pump light of remaining N-2 kind wavelength is continued through one section of sensor fibre transmission
It to third remote gain submodule (not shown), successively goes on, is connected on the N remote gain submodule 5-N of least significant end
It will download from a kind of finally pump light of wavelength and passed after carrying out last time amplification to signal light by the second sensor fibre 4
It is defeated to arrive next stage arrangement.
Specifically, optical fibre vibration sensor 1 is the distributed vibrating sensing based on coherent rayleigh scattering technology (Φ-OTDR)
Light after coupling is transferred to N number of remote gain submodule by the first sensor fibre 3 and connected by device, optical fibre vibration sensor 1
At remote gain module 5, thus connected between the first sensor fibre 3 and the second sensor fibre 4 by multistage sensor fibre
Multiple remote gain submodules extend Φ-OTDR distance sensing.
In the following, refering to what is shown in Fig. 2, the first remote gain submodule 5-1, the second remote gain submodule 5-2 ... are remote to N
Each remote gain submodule includes in Cheng Zengyi submodule 5-N：Second wavelength division multiplexer 51, filter 52, the second annular
Device 53, third wavelength division multiplexer 54, coupler 55, the 4th wavelength division multiplexer 56, third circulator 57, the 5th wavelength division multiplexer
58。
Wherein, the second wavelength division multiplexer 51 is connected to filter 52, and filter 52 is connected to the second circulator 53, the second ring
Shape device 53 is connected to third wavelength division multiplexer 54, and third wavelength division multiplexer 54 is connected to third circulator 57, third wavelength-division multiplex
Device 54 is additionally coupled to coupler 55, and coupler 55 is connected to the 4th wavelength division multiplexer 56 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 51, the 4th wave
Division multiplexer 56 is connected to third circulator 57, and the second wavelength division multiplexer 51 is connected with the 5th wavelength division multiplexer 58, while the
Five wavelength division multiplexers 58 are connected with third circulator 57.
Specifically, being connected between third wavelength division multiplexer 54 and third circulator 57 by the first Er-doped fiber 59, the 4th
It is connected between wavelength division multiplexer 56 and third circulator 57 by the second Er-doped fiber 510.
In the specific implementation process, the first Er-doped fiber 59 and the second Er-doped fiber 510 can be according to actual signal intensity
It is adjusted flexibly.
For above structure, specially：The Single port of first sensor fibre 3 accesses the first wavelength division multiplexer 13, and first passes
The second wavelength division multiplexer 51 of the first remote gain submodule 5-1 is accessed in photosensitive fine 3 another port.Second sensor fibre 4
Single port accesses the third circulator 57 of N remote gain submodule 5-N, and the another port of the second sensor fibre 4 is connected to one
Low-level device.
Specifically, the first sensor fibre 3, the second sensor fibre 4 and for connecting between every neighboring remote gain submodule
Connect the optical fiber that sensor fibre is identical structure and identical parameters.
Below with the first remote gain submodule 5-1 under the excitation of the first pump light source 12-1 pump light issued to just
The process amplified to the signal light of transmission is illustrated, what other remote gain submodules amplified signal light
Process and the process that the first remote gain submodule 5-1 amplifies signal light are same or similar, without illustrating one by one：
Pass through after the coupling pump light for the N kind wavelength that the signal light that first annular device 11 issues is issued with N number of pump light source
First sensor fibre 3 transmit together after from a port of the second wavelength division multiplexer 51 enter the second wavelength division multiplexer 51, later
A kind of corresponding pump light of wavelength of first remote gain submodule 5-1 enters coupling from a port of the second wavelength division multiplexer 51
Clutch 55, and signal light enters in filter 52 from another port of the second wavelength division multiplexer 51 and is filtered, and filters
Signal light after processing is from the port 53-1 of the second circulator 53 into exporting out from the port 53-2 of the second circulator 53 to
Four wavelength division multiplexers 56.It is come out from the port 53-2 of the port 55-1 of coupler 55 pump light separated and the second circulator 53
Signal light after filtering processing enters the 4th wavelength division multiplexer 56 together, and pump light is that the second Er-doped fiber 510 provides excitation, from
And the signal light of forward direction transmission is subjected to first time amplification, by amplified signal light for the first time from the port of third circulator 57
57-1 enters after third circulator 57 and enters the 5th wavelength division multiplexer 58 from the port 57-2 of third circulator 57, and remaining N-
The pump light of a kind of wavelength also enters the 5th wavelength division multiplexer 58 from other N-1 port of the second wavelength division multiplexer 51, then and the 5th
Wavelength division multiplexer 58 will be transmitted after the coupling pump light of amplified signal light and N-1 kind wavelength for the first time by sensor fibre
To the second remote gain submodule 5-2.Signal light into the second wavelength division multiplexer 51 can be in the first, second remote gain submodule
To Rayleigh scattering light after being generated in sensor fibre between block 5-1,5-2.And first, second remote gain submodule 5-1,5-2
Between sensor fibre in the backward Rayleigh scattering light that generates from the port 57-3 of third circulator 57 enter the first Er-doped fiber
59, entering from the pump light that the port 55-2 of coupler 55 is separated from third wavelength division multiplexer 54 is that the first Er-doped fiber 59 provides
Excitation, the signal light of reverse transfers is amplified, the signal light for the reverse transfers being amplified successively passes through the second circulator
53, filter 52 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 51 entrance sensor fibre are transferred to the second remote gain submodule 5-2.
Above-mentioned can be seen that uses forward pumping mode for signal light, after backward Rayleigh scattering optical signal use
To pump mode.Not only allow the noiseproof feature of signal light good as a result, but also backward Rayleigh scattering light obtains higher increasing
Beneficial coefficient.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of fiber-optic vibration detection methods, are applied to aforementioned reality
It applies in fiber-optic vibration detection system described in example, in conjunction with shown in reference Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, which includes such as
Lower step：
S1, signal light enter the first sensor fibre 3 together with the pump light that N number of pump light source issues and are transferred to remote gain
After module 5, the first remote gain submodule 5-1 receives signal light by the first sensor fibre 3 and passes with by the first sensor fibre 3
Defeated next pump light；
S2, the n-th pump light source issue pump light excitation under, the n-th remote gain submodule puts signal light
Greatly, n successively takes 1 to N；
S3, N remote gain submodule 5-N receive by the second sensor fibre 4 transmission come Rayleigh scattering light backward letter
Number；
S4, the n-th pump light source issue pump light excitation under, the n-th remote gain submodule is to Rayleigh scattering backward
Optical signal amplifies, and n successively takes 1 to N, wherein Rayleigh scattering optical signal is that signal light generates backward.
The present embodiment is the fiber-optic vibration detection method applied in aforementioned fiber-optic vibration detection system, belongs to same invention structure
Two aspects under thinking, have illustrated optical fiber provided by the invention in the embodiment of aforementioned fiber-optic vibration detection system
The process of method for detecting vibration, specifically can with reference to the description in aforementioned fiber-optic vibration detection system, in order to illustrate the brief introduction of book,
Repeats no more herein, and all fiber-optic vibration detection methods carried out using aforementioned fiber-optic vibration detection system belong to the present invention
It is intended to the range protected.
By one or more embodiment of aforementioned present invention, the invention has the advantages that advantage：
Since the first wavelength division multiplexer that the embodiment of the present invention uses optical fibre vibration sensor is connected by sensor fibre
To remote gain module, remote gain module separates the pump light that pump light source issues, while being connected with sensor fibre
It connects, the monitoring distance that remote gain module improves optical fiber vibration sensing system is thus concatenated between sensor fibre, it is this with fine distant
Pump amplification mode effectively enhances the optical signal for detection to every section of sensor fibre centralization amplification, solves the prior art and makes
At the technical problem that the effect of the wasting of resources and extension detecting distance is limited.To improve the standard of remote fiber-optic vibration detection
True rate.
Further, it is distant pump amplification mode can by forward direction transmission optical signal and reverse transfer Rayleigh scattering optical signal simultaneously
Amplification, for signal light use forward pumping mode, for backward Rayleigh scattering optical signal use backward pump mode, thus this
Kind pumping configuration not only allows the noiseproof feature of signal light good but also backward Rayleigh scattering light obtains higher gain coefficient.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but one of ordinary skilled in the art once knows substantially
Creative concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.It is wrapped so the following claims are intended to be interpreted as
It includes preferred embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of fiber-optic vibration detection system, which is characterized in that including：Optical fibre vibration sensor, host computer, remote gain mould
Block, the first sensor fibre, the second sensor fibre；
The optical fibre vibration sensor is connect with the host computer；
The optical fibre vibration sensor includes first annular device, N number of pump light source and the first wavelength division multiplexer, and N is whole greater than 1
Number, wherein the first annular device is connect with first wavelength division multiplexer, N number of pump light source and first wavelength-division
Multiplexer connection, first wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the remote gain module by first sensor fibre, described
Remote gain module is also connected with second sensor fibre；
The remote gain module includes that N number of remote gain submodule is sequentially connected in series；Two neighboring remote gain
It is connected between module by sensor fibre, wherein the pump light that the n-th remote gain submodule issues the n-th pump light source separates
It is used for amplification of the n-th remote gain submodule to signal light out, n successively to take 1 to N；
Wherein, the pump of the signal light issued from the first annular device and the N kind different wave length issued from N number of pump light source
Pu light, will by the remote gain module together by entering the remote gain module after first wavelength division multiplexer
The pump light downloads the amplification for the signal light.
2. fiber-optic vibration detection system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the remote gain module includes：Second
Wavelength division multiplexer, filter, the second circulator, third wavelength division multiplexer, coupler, the 4th wavelength division multiplexer, third circulator,
5th wavelength division multiplexer；
First wavelength division multiplexer is connected to second wavelength division multiplexer, second wave by first sensor fibre
Division multiplexer is connected to the filter, and the filter is connected to second circulator, and second circulator is connected to
The third wavelength division multiplexer, the third wavelength division multiplexer are connected to the third circulator, the third wavelength division multiplexer
It is additionally coupled to the coupler, the coupler is connected to the 4th wavelength division multiplexer and second wavelength division multiplexer, institute
State the 4th wavelength division multiplexer and be connected to the third circulator, second wavelength division multiplexer also with the 5th wavelength division multiplexer
It is connected, the third circulator is connected to the 5th wavelength division multiplexer.
3. a kind of fiber-optic vibration detection method is applied in fiber-optic vibration detection system as claimed in claim 2, feature exists
In the fiber-optic vibration detection method includes the following steps：
The signal light is transferred to together with the pump light that N number of pump light source issues into first sensor fibre described
After remote gain module, the first remote gain submodule receive by first sensor fibre transmit come pump light and signal
Light；
Under the excitation for the pump light that the n-th pump light source issues, the n-th remote gain submodule amplifies the signal light, n
It successively takes 1 to N；
N remote gain submodule by second sensor fibre transmit come Rayleigh scattering optical signal backward；
Under the excitation for the pump light that the n-th pump light source issues, the n-th remote gain submodule believes the Rayleigh scattering light backward
It number amplifies, n successively takes 1 to N, wherein the optical signal of Rayleigh scattering backward is that the signal light generates.
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| CN107302172B (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2023-09-26 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Passive optical amplifier |
| CN108204858B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Vibration signal detection system and detection method |
| CN112345060B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-10-11 | 上海波汇科技有限公司 | DAS system based on far pump amplifier |
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