CN105256766A - Ecology-simulated water bank protection slope structure - Google Patents
Ecology-simulated water bank protection slope structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105256766A CN105256766A CN201510619033.9A CN201510619033A CN105256766A CN 105256766 A CN105256766 A CN 105256766A CN 201510619033 A CN201510619033 A CN 201510619033A CN 105256766 A CN105256766 A CN 105256766A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000205578 Thalictrum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000004144 Acer rubrum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011772 Acer rubrum var tomentosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009057 Acer rubrum var tridens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000383620 Allium mongolicum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000205585 Aquilegia canadensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001494508 Arundo donax Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011201 Ginkgo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000194101 Ginkgo biloba Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008100 Ginkgo biloba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008669 Hedera helix Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000219991 Lythraceae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000218666 Metasequoia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000206519 Michelia figo Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015864 Michelia figo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000878007 Miscanthus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007377 Petunia x hybrida Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000234609 Portulaca oleracea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001112810 Streptocarpus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000001398 Typha domingensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000015069 Zephyranthes candida Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000057114 Sapium sebiferum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005128 Sapium sebiferum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000983344 Trachelospermum jasminoides Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000705931 Zelkova schneideriana Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000190021 Zelkova Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecology-simulated water bank protection slope structure. A water bank protection slope is divided into an aquatic plant algal-inhibition area, an amphibian inhabiting and breeding area, a hygrophilous mollusk settlement area, a waterside vertical greening embellishment area and a near-water leisure and scenery enjoying area from bottom to top. The aquatic plant algal-inhibition area is located in a deepwater area below a normal water line, and large emergent aquatic plants are planted in the aquatic plant algal-inhibition area. The amphibian inhabiting and breeding area is located in the area 80 centimeters below the normal water line and 35 centimeters above the normal water line, ecological building blocks are piled up in a staggered mode in the amphibian inhabiting and breeding area, and hygrophilous herbs are planted in the amphibian inhabiting and breeding area. The hygrophilous mollusk settlement area is located in the area above the amphibian inhabiting and breeding area and below a high water line and built through ecological bricks in a staggered mode. The waterside vertical greening embellishment area is located in the area above the high water line and below a horizontal extension starting point of the protection slope, and climbing shrubs are planted in the waterside vertical greening embellishment area for vertical greening embellishment. The near-water leisure and scenery enjoying area is a horizontal extension area at the top end of the protection slope, and the garden layout of tall trees, seasonal flowers and seasonal plants is adopted so that tourists can spend leisure time and go sightseeing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy slope protection construction.
Background
The water bank is a transition zone between land and water bodies such as rivers, lakes, oceans and the like, is an important ecological staggered area, is a hub for connecting an aquatic ecosystem with a land ecosystem, and mainly shows the following aspects in terms of functions and functions: firstly, a channel for exchanging substances, energy and information between land and a water area is formed; secondly, the water flow scouring can be slowed down through the water bank vegetation, the slope protection erosion is reduced, and the stability of the bank is maintained; filtering, permeating, absorbing, retaining and depositing pollutants, improving the water quality of rivers and lakes and maintaining the ecological balance of water; fourthly, providing nutrients and space for various aquatic organisms and keeping species diversity stable. Therefore, the water bank protection has important significance for maintaining the water quality and ecological safety. However, with the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production and the rapid urbanization in China, people often neglect the functions and the importance of bank protection. The quality of hydraulic engineering considers the stability of the revetment excessively, but does not consider the due ecological structure, and the due ecological function of the water bank is not existed, which is often the important reason of local water deterioration, quality reduction and biological sharp reduction in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of meeting the requirements of increasingly accelerating the urbanization process of China and rapidly developing the water conservancy project, and provides an ecological, environment-friendly, attractive and high-efficiency water bank protection slope construction method. Through the application of this structure, not only can ensure bank protection safety, can provide sustainable living space for aquatic animals and plants moreover, realize ecological, pleasing to the eye, high efficiency, the multipotency of bank protection.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure is characterized in that a water bank slope protection is divided into an aquatic plant algae inhibiting area, an amphibian inhabiting and breeding area, a wet mollusk settlement area, a near-water vertical greening spot area and a near-water leisure viewing area from bottom to top;
wherein,
the aquatic plant algae inhibiting area is positioned in a deep water area below a normal water level line, and large emergent aquatic plants with strong algae inhibiting function are planted;
the amphibious animal inhabitation and reproduction area is positioned in an area which is 80 cm below a normal water line and 35 cm above the normal water line, ecological building blocks are adopted in the area to be piled up in a staggered mode, and a dry-wet alternate habitat is constructed for the amphibious animals by planting wet plants;
the settlement area of the hygrophyte mollusk is positioned in an area which is above the habitat and is higher than a high water level line of the amphibian, and ecological bricks are adopted for staggered building, so that stable slope protection is ensured, and a loose and porous muddy habitat is created for the aquatic mollusk;
the waterside vertical greening embellishing area is positioned in an area from the upper part of a high water level line to a horizontal extension starting point of the slope protection, and planting climbing shrubs for vertical greening embellishing;
the nearly water leisure sight area for bank protection top level extend the region, adopt the gardens of tall and big arbor and current flower and grass to arrange and supply visitor's leisure sightseeing.
Wherein the large emergent aquatic plant is one or the combination of two of floral leaf giant reed, religious flower, allium mongolicum regel and oriental cattail, and the planting mode adopts wide-width close planting.
The ecological building blocks are octagonal, the center of each ecological building block is hollow, and after the ecological building blocks are piled in a staggered mode, clay is filled in the center of each ecological building block, and the ecological building blocks are planted with wet herbs.
Wherein the hygrophytic herbs are any one or a combination of two of silvergrass, meadowrue grass and loosestrife, and 2-3 plants are planted in each hole.
Wherein, the ecological brick is a cuboid, and a hole is reserved in the center.
Wherein the climbing shrub is one or the combination of two of trachelospermi caulis, honeysuckle and ivy.
The near-water leisure and sightseeing area comprises landscape guardrails and a garden embankment, and tall trees and garden arrangement of seasonal flowers and plants are applied for leisure and sightseeing of tourists.
Wherein, the landscape guardrail is close to the waterside vertical greening decoration area.
Wherein the tall trees are any one or combination of several of North American red maple, ginkgo, Chinese tallow, michelia figo, zelkova and metasequoia.
Wherein the seasonal flower and grass is any one or combination of several of petunia, zephyranthes candida, saintpaulia, iris and purslane.
Has the advantages that: the invention is provided on the basis of years of experimental research and practical exploration, and the core of the invention is to abandon the one-sided practice of pursuing embankment stabilization in the past hydraulic engineering and neglecting the living space of various aquatic organisms on the water bank. The ecological system theory is introduced into hydraulic engineering, green plants with different functions are introduced, and proper engineering measures are matched to simulate natural habitat, so that a water bank slope protection structure beneficial to settlement of aquatic animals and plants is created. The structure can effectively overcome the defects that the slope protection of the current river and the fresh water lake has over high hardness and is not beneficial to the reproduction and settlement of aquatic animals and plants, creates a microenvironment for the life activities of various aquatic animals and plants on the premise of stable slope protection, and promotes the stability of the variety of the aquatic plants.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a slope protection structure.
Fig. 2 is a structure diagram of an ecological block in an amphibian habitat breeding area, wherein a is a top view direction and b is a main view direction.
FIG. 3 is a block construction schematic diagram of an ecological block construction method in an amphibian habitat breeding area.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the construction of an ecological brick for a settlement area of a wet mollusk, wherein a is a top view direction and b is a main view direction.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of ecological bricks in a settlement zone of a wet mollusk.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not, nor should they limit the invention as detailed in the claims.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure is divided into 5 parts from bottom to top, namely an aquatic plant algae inhibiting area, an amphibian inhabiting and breeding area, a wet mollusk settlement area, a near-water vertical greening spot area and a near-water leisure viewing area.
Wherein,
the aquatic plant algae inhibiting area is positioned in a deep water area below a normal water level line, and large emergent aquatic plants 7 with strong algae inhibiting function are planted; the large emergent aquatic plant 7 is any one or combination of two of floral leaf giant reed, thalictrum ramosissimum, allium mongolicum regel and oriental cattail, the planting mode adopts wide-width close planting, and the density is controlled to be 80-100 plants/square meter.
The amphibious animal inhabitation and reproduction area is positioned in an area which is 80 centimeters below a normal water line and 35 centimeters above the normal water line, the ecological building blocks 6 are staggered and piled in the area, and a dry-wet alternate habitat is constructed for the amphibious animals by planting wet herbs; the ecological building block is an octagon body, as shown in figure 2, the ecological building block 6 is processed to have the outer side length of 18 cm, the inner side length of 16 cm and the thickness of 12 cm. The center of each ecological block is hollow, and after the ecological blocks are piled up in a staggered mode (as shown in figure 3), clay is filled in the center of each ecological block, and the ecological blocks are planted with the hygrophyte herbs. The wet herbaceous plant is any one or combination of two of silvergrass, meadowrue grass and loosestrife, and 2-3 plants are planted in each hole.
The settlement area of the hygrophytes is positioned in an area which is above the habitat of the amphibians and is higher than a high water level line, ecological bricks 5 are laid from 35 cm above the normal water level line, and the ecological bricks 5 are staggered and built (as shown in figure 5), so that stable slope protection is ensured, and a loose and porous muddy habitat is created for the aquatic mollusks; the ecological brick is a cuboid as shown in figure 4, a hole is reserved in the center, and the ecological brick 5 is processed into a size with the length of 24 cm, the width of 16 cm, the thickness of 8 cm and the diameter of a middle hole of 5 cm. .
The waterside vertical greening embellishing area is positioned in an area from the upper part of a high water level line to a horizontal extending starting point of the slope protection, and planting climbing shrubs 3 for vertical greening embellishing; the climbing shrub 3 is one or the combination of two of trachelospermi caulis, honeysuckle and ivy. The lower part of the waterside vertical greening decorative area is butted with a wet mollusk settlement area, and the upper part is close to the landscape guardrail 2.
Nearly water leisure sight area for bank protection top level extend the region, adopt tall and big arbor 1 and the gardens of time flower 8 to arrange and supply visitor's leisure sightseeing. The near-water leisure ornamental region comprises a landscape guardrail 2 and a garden embankment 4. The landscape guardrail 2 is close to the waterside vertical greening decoration area. The tall trees are any one or a combination of several of North American red maple, ginkgo, Chinese tallow tree, michelia figo, zelkova and metasequoia. The seasonal flower and grass is any one or combination of several of petunia, zephyranthes candida, saintpaulia, iris and purslane. The landscape guardrail 2 is made of granite and has the specification of 25 cm multiplied by 145 cm, and the top end of the landscape guardrail is perforated to be connected with a fiber rope for the leisure and sightseeing of the handrails of tourists.
Claims (10)
1. A quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure is characterized in that a water bank slope protection is divided into an aquatic plant algae inhibiting area, an amphibian inhabiting and breeding area, a wet mollusk living area, a near-water vertical greening spot area and a near-water leisure viewing area from bottom to top;
wherein,
the aquatic plant algae inhibiting area is positioned in a deep water area below a normal water level line, and large emergent aquatic plants are planted;
the amphibious animal inhabitation and reproduction area is positioned in an area which is 80 cm below a normal water line and 35 cm above the normal water line, ecological building blocks are adopted in the area to be piled up in a staggered mode, and a dry-wet alternate habitat is constructed for the amphibious animals by planting wet plants;
the settlement area of the hygrophyte mollusk is positioned in an area which is above the habitat and is higher than a high water level line of the amphibian, and ecological bricks are adopted for staggered building, so that stable slope protection is ensured, and a loose and porous muddy habitat is created for the aquatic mollusk;
the waterside vertical greening embellishing area is positioned in an area from the upper part of a high water level line to a horizontal extension starting point of the slope protection, and planting climbing shrubs for vertical greening embellishing;
the nearly water leisure sight area for bank protection top level extend the region, adopt the gardens of tall and big arbor and current flower and grass to arrange and supply visitor's leisure sightseeing.
2. The quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the large emergent aquatic plants are any one or a combination of two of floral leaf giant reed, religious flower, allium mongolicum regel and oriental cattail, and the planting mode adopts wide and close planting.
3. The quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the ecological blocks are octagonal, the center of each ecological block is hollow, and after staggered stacking, the center of each ecological block is filled with clay and planted with wet herbs.
4. The quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the wet herbs are any one or a combination of two of silvergrass, meadowrue grass and loosestrife, and 2-3 plants are planted in each hole.
5. The quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the ecological brick is a cuboid with a hole in the center.
6. The quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the climbing shrubs are one or a combination of two of trachelospermum jasminoides, honeysuckle and ivy.
7. The quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the near-water leisure viewing area comprises landscape guardrails and a garden embankment, and a landscape arrangement of tall trees and seasonal flowers and plants is applied for leisure and sightseeing of visitors.
8. The quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure of claim 7, wherein the landscape guardrails are adjacent to the waterside vertical greening decoration area.
9. The quasi-ecological bank protection structure according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the tall trees are any one or a combination of several of North American red maple, ginkgo, Chinese tallow tree, michelia figo, zelkova schneideriana and metasequoia.
10. The quasi-ecological water bank slope protection structure according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the seasonal flower and grass is any one or a combination of petunia, zephyranthes candida, saintpaulia, iris and purslane.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105923776A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-09-07 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for constructing waterfront vegetation zone for filtering non-point source pollution |
| CN106614768A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 河南城建学院 | Method for extracting algal-inhibition active component from herba portulacae seeds and using same for preparing algistat |
| CN107059788A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of city inland river ecology reward scape bank protection structure |
| CN110073876A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-02 | 浙江融信环保科技有限公司 | A kind of ecology remodeling method of vertical type hardening bank slope |
| CN110205976A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-06 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of multi-functional riverbank bio-diversity maintains structure and construction method |
| CN111809559A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 金陵科技学院 | Configuration structure and construction method of vegetation buffer zone of lakeside wetland |
| CN112320958A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-05 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Urban inland river self-purification type aquatic plant configuration and ecological restoration method |
| CN115075184A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-20 | 江苏百绿园林集团有限公司 | Urban inland river curved river channel anti-erosion revetment structure layout and construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105923776A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-09-07 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for constructing waterfront vegetation zone for filtering non-point source pollution |
| CN106614768A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 河南城建学院 | Method for extracting algal-inhibition active component from herba portulacae seeds and using same for preparing algistat |
| CN106614768B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2019-03-15 | 河南城建学院 | The method extracted algistatic activity ingredient from purslane seed and be used to prepare algae-inhibiting agent |
| CN107059788A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of city inland river ecology reward scape bank protection structure |
| CN110073876A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-02 | 浙江融信环保科技有限公司 | A kind of ecology remodeling method of vertical type hardening bank slope |
| CN110205976A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-06 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of multi-functional riverbank bio-diversity maintains structure and construction method |
| CN110205976B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2024-05-14 | 金陵科技学院 | Multifunctional river bank biodiversity maintaining structure and construction method |
| CN111809559A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 金陵科技学院 | Configuration structure and construction method of vegetation buffer zone of lakeside wetland |
| CN112320958A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-05 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Urban inland river self-purification type aquatic plant configuration and ecological restoration method |
| CN115075184A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-20 | 江苏百绿园林集团有限公司 | Urban inland river curved river channel anti-erosion revetment structure layout and construction method |
| CN115075184B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-05-17 | 江苏百绿园林集团有限公司 | Urban inland river curved river erosion protection shore structure layout and construction method |
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| CN105256766B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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