CN105223230A - A kind of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material thermal radiation property measuring method, comprise, infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material is made into treadmill test part, and be heated to measurement and require temperature; The temperature arranging extend blackbody, to assigned temperature, measures the infrared radiation of extend blackbody with Infrared survey instrument; Measure the black matrix infrared radiation of permeability test part; Change the assigned temperature of extend blackbody, duplicate measurements; Calculate infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material and measure the transmitance and self heat radiation that require temperature; Specify new testpieces measurement to require temperature, surface source blackbody temperature gets back to initial value, and duplicate measurements also calculates the transmitance of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material under multiple measurement requires temperature and autoradiolysis.The present invention, for measuring infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material transmitance under the condition of high temperature and self heat radiation, compensate for routine measurement and is only applicable to normal temperature state measurement and the deficiency that only directly can provide transmitance.

Description

A kind of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist method

Technical field

The present invention relates to infrared detection technique field, particularly relate to a kind of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist method.

Background technology

The features such as infrared detection technique has the passive work of round-the-clock, energy resolution is high, antijamming capability is strong, spatial resolution is high, disguise is strong, are widely used in UAV electro-optical's detection systems such as mapping, remote sensing, military affairs.All temperature are higher than the object all outwards emitting infrared radiation of zero K, and this is that the application of infrared detection technique provides the foundation condition.The infrared wave transparent window that infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material is made is the critical component of protection infrared detection system, but when hot outer wave transparent window is in the condition of high temperature, the performance of its radiation transport property also appreciable impact infrared detection system

The unmanned vehicle carrying infrared detection system, when atmospheric envelope hypersonic flight state, occurs that strong Aerodynamic Heating makes the temperature of infrared wave transparent window rise.High-temperature infrared wave transparent window not only forms decay to the infrared radiation of distant object, target detection signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is caused to reduce, also produce self heat radiation strong, very easily cause infrared eye saturated, make it can not differentiate signal from target, reduce the performance of infrared detection system, even make it lose efficacy, constrain the widespread use of infrared imaging detection technology in hypersonic speed field.Some researchs show, self heat radiation of infrared wave transparent window increases with the flight time and strengthens rapidly.Therefore, the radiation transmission characteristic parameter such as the transmitance of the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material of Obtaining Accurate and self heat radiation, become particularly important in infrared wave transparent window is to the impact evaluation of detection performance.

But the existing research about infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material focuses mostly at intensity, Ying Du ﹑ fusing point, thermal conductivity and the physical and chemical performance such as corrosion-resistant, to the research of radiation transport property and measurement data less.The measurement data of open report is the transmitance of normal temperature state mostly, and because temperature contrast is large, normal temperature data are difficult to expand to the condition of high temperature, can not meet infrared wave transparent window to the demand of detection performance impact evaluation.At present, infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist adopts the method measuring transmitance, attenuation coefficient is provided based on transmitance, self heat radiation of further reckoning, this measuring method not only have ignored Scattering Factors that is that produce in infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material preparation process or material itself, the more important thing is and need to adopt self heat radiation of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material to be the hypothesis of zero, cause the method can not be used for the condition of high temperature and measure.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist problem of the condition of high temperature, invent a kind of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist method, to draw transmitance and self heat radiation and the spectral characteristic thereof of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material.

A kind of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist method, step comprises,

S1, is made into treadmill test part by infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material, two side plane plating anti-reflection films;

S2, is heated to measurement by treadmill test part and requires temperature T;

S3, the temperature of adjustment extend blackbody is to T _b, adopt Infrared survey instrument to measure the infrared radiation L of extend blackbody at response wave band Δ λ _{Δ λ, obj};

S4, be positioned over by treadmill test part between extend blackbody and Infrared survey instrument, optical path passes perpendicularly through treadmill test part, adopts Infrared survey instrument to measure the extend blackbody infrared radiation L of permeability test part at response wave band Δ λ _{Δ λ, tot};

S5, changes T _b, repeat S2 and S4, measure the ir radiation data L of the different surface source blackbody temperature of at least two groups _{Δ λ, obj}and L _{Δ λ, tot}, until saturated phenomenon appears in Infrared survey instrument, the measurement data that saturated phenomenon is corresponding is invalid;

S6, according to the measurement data L of testpieces at temperature T _{Δ λ, obj}and L _{Δ λ, tot}, carry out linear fit, obtain infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part and measuring the transmitance requiring temperature T, response wave band Δ λ with self heat radiation fitting formula is:

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},tot}=L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},obj}\·{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T+L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T;$

S7, according to measuring the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material microlayer thickness Δ required _expwith infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part thickness deltat _wincalculate highest common factor Δ _com, obtain hierarchy number calculated thickness is Δ _cominfrared electromagnetic wave transparent material transmitance with self heat radiation be respectively

${\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}=\sqrt[n]{{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T}$

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}=\frac{L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{\left({\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\right)}^{i-1}}$

S8, according to what calculate computation and measurement required thickness is Δ _expthe transmitance of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material with self heat radiation be respectively

${\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{\exp }}={\left({\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\right)}^m$

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{\exp }}=L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\·\underset{k=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{\left({\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\right)}^{k-1}$

S9, specifies new treadmill test part measurement to require temperature T, surface source blackbody temperature T _bcome back to initial value, repeat S2 to S8, calculate multiple measurement require temperature under the transmitance of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material and self heat radiation; Until measure, to require temperature all to measure complete.

Described Infrared survey instrument is infrared spectrometer or infrared thermoviewer or infrared radiometer.

Described infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material is germanium, sapphire or chalcogenide glass.

The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:

(1) do not adopt self heat radiation of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material to be the hypothesis of zero in measuring process, make the method may be used for the condition of high temperature and measure.

(2) not only directly measure the transmitance of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material, also directly measure self heat radiation of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material simultaneously.In the prior art, self heat radiation calculates out.

(3) infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material self heat radiation of directly measuring contains the Scattering Factors of material itself, has truly shown the road radiation transmission process in infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material.In the prior art, suppose scattered radiation be zero or scattered radiation consider imperfection.

(4) the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material of any type is applicable to.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method.

Fig. 2 is the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material testpieces of sapphire measurement data linear fit when temperature is 100 DEG C

Fig. 3 is the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material testpieces of sapphire transmitance at different temperatures.

Fig. 4 is self heat radiation at different temperatures of the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material testpieces of sapphire.

Fig. 5 is the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material of 0.1 millimeters thick sapphire transmitance at different temperatures.

Fig. 6 is self heat radiation at different temperatures of the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material of 0.1 millimeters thick sapphire.

Embodiment

The invention provides a kind of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist method, shown in Figure 1, concrete implementation step is as follows:

(1) the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material of sapphire being used for making medium-wave infrared wave transparent window is made treadmill test part, thickness is Δ _win, two side plane plating anti-reflection films.

(2) require temperature according to the measurement of the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material testpieces of application analysis, select measurement to require temperature set T={100,150,200,250,300,350} at this, unit is DEG C, and selects surface source blackbody temperature T _binitial value be 0 DEG C.First selected first measurement requires temperature T=100 DEG C

(3) infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part is placed in high-temperature heater, arranging furnace temp is that measurement requires temperature T=100 DEG C, after heating furnace reaches set temperature, insulation a period of time (about 30 minutes), makes testpieces bulk temperature distribute more even;

(4) temperature of extend blackbody is set to assigned temperature T _b=0 DEG C, after surface source blackbody temperature is stable, adopt Infrared survey instrument measure extend blackbody wave band Δ λ infrared radiation L _{Δ λ, obj}.In this specific embodiment, the SC7300M medium-wave infrared thermal imaging system of FLIR company selected by Infrared survey instrument, response wave band Δ λ=3.7 ~ 4.8um, measures the transmitance and self heat radiation this wave band all corresponding that obtain.

(5) from high-temperature heater, take out infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part, and be positioned between extend blackbody and thermal infrared imager, optical path passes perpendicularly through treadmill test part, adopts the extend blackbody infrared radiation L of infrared heat image instrument measuring permeability test part _{Δ λ, tot}.

(6) surface source blackbody temperature T is improved _b, amplitude is 20 DEG C, but keeps the measurement of treadmill test part to require that temperature T is constant, repeat (3)-(5), measure the ir radiation data of the different surface source blackbody temperature of many groups, until there is saturated phenomenon in thermal infrared imager, the measurement data L that saturated phenomenon is corresponding _{Δ λ, obj}and L _{Δ λ, tot}invalid.Improve surface source blackbody temperature T _bafter, L _{Δ λ, obj}or L _{Δ λ, tot}there is one not change, then think saturated phenomenon.

(7) according to the effective measurement data L of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part at temperature T _{Δ λ, obj}and L _{Δ λ, tot}, adopt least square method linear fit, namely

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},tot}=L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},obj}\·{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T+L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T$

So fitting parameter of this linear relationship with be respectively testpieces under temperature T, the transmitance of corresponding wave band Δ λ and self heat radiation, if Fig. 2 is the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material testpieces of sapphire measurement data linear fit when temperature is 100 DEG C, slope is the transmitance of testpieces, is self heat radiation of testpieces with the intersection point of Y-axis.

(8) according to measuring the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material microlayer thickness Δ required _expwith infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part thickness deltat _wincalculate highest common factor Δ _com, then calculate hierarchy number infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part through-thickness is divided into n layer, and so thickness is Δ _cominfrared electromagnetic wave transparent material transmitance with self heat radiation be respectively

${\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{\mathrm{co}m}}=\sqrt[n]{{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T}$

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}=\frac{L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{\left({\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\right)}^{i-1}}$

(9) if thickness deltat _comwith measurement required thickness Δ _expunanimously, the transmitance of so infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material with self heat radiation

${\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{\exp }}={\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}$

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{\exp }}=L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}$

If thickness deltat _comwith measurement required thickness Δ _expinconsistent, according to both multiples computation and measurement required thickness Δ _expradiation characteristic transmitance with self heat radiation namely

${\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{\exp }}={\left({\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\right)}^m$

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{\exp }}=L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\·\underset{k=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{\left({\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\right)}^{k-1}$

(10) specify next measurement to require temperature T, surface source blackbody temperature gets back to initial value T _b=0 DEG C, repeat (3)-(9), measure and obtain the radiation characteristic transmitance of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material under other measurements require temperature T with self heat radiation until all measurements require that temperature T measurement is complete, the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material testpieces of sapphire transmitance at different temperatures and self heat radiation are as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material of 0.1 millimeters thick sapphire transmitance at different temperatures and self heat radiation, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.

Infrared survey instrument is thermal infrared imager, infrared radiation timing, obtains the infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation transport property of corresponding infrared response wave band.

Infrared survey instrument also can be infrared spectrometer, now can repeat (3)-(10) to each spectrum point, obtains transmitance and self thermal-radiating spectral characteristic of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part.

The content be not described in detail in instructions of the present invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (3)

1. an infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist method, is characterized in that, comprise,

S1, is made into treadmill test part by infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material, two side plane plating anti-reflection films;

S2, is heated to measurement by treadmill test part and requires temperature T;

S3, the temperature of adjustment extend blackbody is to T _b, adopt Infrared survey instrument to measure the infrared radiation L of extend blackbody at response wave band Δ λ _{Δ λ, obj};

S4, be positioned over by treadmill test part between extend blackbody and Infrared survey instrument, optical path passes perpendicularly through treadmill test part, adopts Infrared survey instrument to measure the extend blackbody infrared radiation L of permeability test part at response wave band Δ λ _{Δ λ, tot};

S5, changes T _b, repeat S2 to S4, measure the ir radiation data L of the different surface source blackbody temperature of at least two groups _{Δ λ, obj}and L _{Δ λ, tot}, until there is saturated phenomenon in Infrared survey instrument;

S6, according to the measurement data L of testpieces at temperature T _{Δ λ, obj}and L _{Δ λ, tot}, carry out linear fit, obtain infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part and measuring the transmitance requiring temperature T, response wave band Δ λ with self heat radiation fitting formula is:

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},tot}=L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},obj}\·{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T+L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T;$

S7, measures required thickness Δ according to infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material _expwith infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material treadmill test part thickness deltat _wincalculate highest common factor Δ _com, obtain hierarchy number calculated thickness is Δ _cominfrared electromagnetic wave transparent material transmitance with self heat radiation be respectively

${\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}=\sqrt[n]{{\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T}$

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}=\frac{L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^T}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{\left({\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\right)}^{i-1}}$

S8, according to what calculate computation and measurement required thickness is Δ _expthe transmitance of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material with self heat radiation be respectively

${\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{exp}}={\left({\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\right)}^m$

$L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{exp}}=L_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\·\underset{k=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{\left({\mathrm{\τ}}_{\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\λ},win}^{T,{\mathrm{\Δ}}_{com}}\right)}^{k-1};$

S9, specifies new treadmill test part measurement to require temperature T, repeats S2 to S8, calculate multiple measurement require temperature under the transmitance of infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material and self heat radiation; Until measure, to require temperature all to measure complete.

2. one according to claim 1 infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist method, is characterized in that, described Infrared survey instrument is infrared spectrometer or infrared thermoviewer or infrared radiometer.

3., according to the one infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material radiation measurement of transmission characterist method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described infrared electromagnetic wave transparent material is germanium, sapphire or chalcogenide glass.