CN105203624A - Novel ferromagnetic material detection device and method - Google Patents
Novel ferromagnetic material detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105203624A CN105203624A CN201510564320.4A CN201510564320A CN105203624A CN 105203624 A CN105203624 A CN 105203624A CN 201510564320 A CN201510564320 A CN 201510564320A CN 105203624 A CN105203624 A CN 105203624A
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- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000007643 Phytolacca americana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009074 Phytolacca americana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel ferromagnetic material detection device. The novel ferromagnetic material detection device comprises a beam, a magnetic block and fixed parts which are arranged on the left end and the right end of the beam, wherein a strain gauge is arranged in the middle part of the lower end surface of the beam, and a magnetic block is arranged in the middle part of the upper end surface of the beam in a suspending manner by virtue of a boss. The invention also discloses a ferromagnetic material detection method utilizing the novel ferromagnetic material detection device. The variable quantity of a magnetic field is converted to detection strain capacity, whether a ferromagnetic material exists on a conveyor belt is detected according to the strain value, if the ferromagnetic material exists, the size of the ferromagnetic material along the material conveying direction is given, and the relative size of the corresponding ferromagnetic material is judged according to a maximum value of the strain variation rate corresponding to each strain variation period. The novel ferromagnetic material detection device is simple in structure and convenient to debug.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel ferromagnetic material detection device and method, belongs to the technical field of metal detection, and relates to a ferromagnetic material detection method based on strain detection.
Background
Industrial and mining enterprises use belts to convey various mineral raw materials in a large quantity. The belt consumption is large, the cost is high, and the cost accounts for about 30% -50% of the cost of the conveyor, so that the normal and stable operation of the conveyor is guaranteed.
The belt of the belt conveyor cannot be longitudinally torn in normal operation, and only when the belt is seriously deviated or an external sharp object, such as a steel plate, an iron block, an I-shaped steel, an anchor rod and the like, pokes into the belt, the belt is scratched and is torn seriously. The belt edge is generally torn only when the belt is torn due to belt deviation, and the inner side of the belt cannot be damaged. The belt is prevented from deviating easily, and the belt is installed according to requirements during installation and can not be torn seriously in normal use. And once the belt tearing accident happens, the belt with value of tens of thousands yuan or even hundreds of thousands yuan can be damaged within a few minutes, thereby seriously influencing normal production and causing great economic loss of long-time production halt. Therefore, in order to actually achieve an efficient, clean and extended belt life for the transport of minerals, the detection of ferromagnetic materials in the transported material must be monitored in real time.
The ferromagnetic parts are mainly derived from several aspects: firstly, hard objects such as a drill rod, I-shaped steel and the like used in construction are left in materials by carelessness of constructors. Secondly, parts of feeding equipment and a material blocking device in the material conveying system fall off due to the fact that the parts are not firmly connected in the processing process, aging and the like. And thirdly, the anchor rod is not completely recovered in the material collecting process and enters a belt along with a belt conveyor and the like. At present, metal detection equipment is mostly adopted for detecting ferromagnetic materials. The metal detector converts magnetic field variation into digital signals by utilizing an electromagnetic induction principle, the digital signals are processed by a computer and then output information of ferromagnetic materials, the equipment is complex in structure, the field installation and debugging are troublesome, particularly in a variable environment, the use of the equipment cannot be adjusted, in addition, the equipment is easily interfered by the outside, and error information is output, for example, although the efficiency of a ferromagnetic detector (published under the number of CN102879750A) can be improved, the system structure is complex, and the cost for detecting the ferromagnetic materials on a large-scale conveyor belt is increased. The belt type permanent magnet iron remover front iron piece detection device (publication number CN101846652A) detects and removes the miscellaneous iron pieces by utilizing the change of the magnetic field, the system realizes the integration of detection and removal of ferromagnetic objects, can effectively remove small ferromagnetic objects, but has no effect on ferromagnetic objects with larger size and heavier weight or buried under materials, and the large ferromagnetic objects are the main reason for tearing the belt.
Through system investigation, the existing metal detection equipment mainly has the following problems: 1) the system has complex structure, limited application range, high cost and difficult installation and debugging; 2) the method is easily affected by electromagnetic infection, and false alarm is caused; 3) the detection of large ferromagnetic materials is impossible under the limit of the size of the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing detection equipment, a novel ferromagnetic material detection device is provided.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
the utility model provides a novel ferromagnetic material detects device, includes the roof beam, the magnetic path and is located the mounting at both ends about the roof beam, the middle part of the lower terminal surface of roof beam is equipped with the foil gage, the magnetic path pass through the boss suspension in the middle part of the up end of roof beam, promptly the magnetic path only with the boss contact not with the up end contact of roof beam. The purpose of the bosses is to prevent the beam from changing from a constant section beam to a variable section beam.
The beam is hinged with the fixed piece.
The strain gauge is adhered to the middle of the lower end face of the beam.
The boss is fixedly connected with the middle of the lower end face of the magnetic block and is fixedly connected with the middle of the upper end face of the beam.
The invention also discloses a ferromagnetic material detection method using the novel ferromagnetic material detection device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing at least one novel ferromagnetic material detection device below a conveyor belt, wherein the length direction of a beam is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, the distance from the upper end face of a magnetic block to the lower end face of the conveyor belt is D, and the numerical value of D is required to prevent the upper end face of the magnetic block from contacting and rubbing with the lower end face of the conveyor belt in the detection process;
s2, converting the strain value of the strain gaugeZThe value is designated as 0 and the value is,Zthe strain value of the strain gauge along the length direction of the beam;
s3, after the conveyor belt is started, recording strain values of the strain gauge, and obtaining a strain change curve through curve fitting of the strain values in each strain change period, wherein the ordinate of the strain change curve is the strain value, the abscissa of the strain change curve is the distance from the ferromagnetic material on the conveyor belt to the center of the magnetic block in the material conveying direction, and the strain value of the strain gauge is changed from small to large and then from large to small in the process from the ferromagnetic material approaching the magnetic block to being far away from the magnetic block, so that the strain change period refers to the periodic process that the strain value of the strain gauge is changed from small to large and then from large to small;
s4, performing first-order derivation on the strain change curve to obtain a strain change rate curve, wherein the ordinate of the strain change rate curve is the strain value change rate, and the abscissa of the strain change rate curve is the distance from the ferromagnetic material to the center of the magnetic block on the conveying belt in the material conveying direction;
s5, finding out the abscissa X corresponding to the maximum value of the strain change rate from the strain change rate curvemaxAbscissa X corresponding to minimum value of strain change rateminThe dimension of the ferromagnetic part along the conveying direction corresponding to the curve of the rate of change of strain is XMeasuring＝|Xmin-Xmax|；
S6, from eachFinding the maximum value of the strain change rate on the strain change rate curve corresponding to each strain change period, and obtaining the set of the maximum values of the strain change rate asAccording toThe larger the size of the ferromagnetic material, the larger the size of the ferromagnetic materialThe corresponding ferromagnetic parts are of relative size, wherein,is the maximum value of the strain rate corresponding to the ith strain change period, i.e. ifThenThe size of the corresponding ferromagnetic material is larger thanThe corresponding size of the ferromagnetic parts.
At least one novel ferromagnetic material detection device is arranged below the conveying belt in an array form.
The strain gauge is connected with the bridge measuring circuit.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the gravity of the beam, the boss and the strain gage is recorded as GBeamAnd is equivalent to a concentrated load. The gravity G of the magnetic blockMagnetic fieldAnd the magnetic force F generated by the ferromagnetic material passing throughMagnetic forceAll are equivalent to concentrated load, and the resultant force F borne by the beam is obtainedCombination of Chinese herbs＝FMagnetic force-GBeam-GMagnetic fieldAs shown in FIG. 1, saidZSatisfy the formula
Wherein,Zis the strain value, L, of the strain gauge in the length direction of the beamBeam、WBeamAnd HBeamRespectively the length, width and height of the beam, E represents the elastic modulus of the beam, Z represents the distance from a strain measurement point to a hinged end, and the length, width and height of the beam are measured by a formulaIt can be known that whenWhen is in use, theZMaximum, therefore, selectedThe position of (a) is the strain measurement position of the present invention, i.e., the attachment position of the strain gauge.
When no ferromagnetic foreign matter passes through the conveyor belt, the beam is subjected to GBeamAnd GMagnetic fieldThe effect of (2) is deformed in figure 2, in which caseStrain value of the strain gaugeZAnd is designated as 0. Strain value of the strain gauge at a certain momentZAnd the detection result is more than 0, which indicates that the novel ferromagnetic material detection device provided by the invention detects ferromagnetic materials. When the ferromagnetic material is close to the magnetic block, the resultant force borne by the beam changes from FIn 1. sup.＝-GBeam-GMagnetic fieldIs changed into FIn combination with 2＝FMagnetic force-GBeam-GMagnetic fieldThe strain value of the strain gauge is changed along with the change of the resultant forceZBecome 0Z＞0。
Therefore, when the strain value of the strain gauge is 0, i.e.ZWhen the value is 0, no ferromagnetic material exists on the conveying belt; when the strain value of the strain gauge is greater than 0, namelyZIf greater than 0, the output isThe belt is provided with ferromagnetic materials.
Compared with the prior art, the method converts the detection magnetic field variation into the detection strain, detects whether ferromagnetic materials exist on the conveying belt or not according to the variation value and the variation rate of the strain, gives the size of the ferromagnetic materials along the material conveying direction if the ferromagnetic materials exist, and judges the relative size of the corresponding ferromagnetic materials according to the maximum value of the strain variation rate corresponding to each strain variation period.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of metal detection and the like.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the novel ferromagnetic material detection device of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows that the beam of the novel ferromagnetic material detecting device of the present invention is subjected to G onlyBeamAnd GMagnetic fieldSchematic representation of the deformation occurring upon action of (a).
Fig. 3 is a schematic spatial structure diagram of the novel ferromagnetic material detection device in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel ferromagnetic material detection device in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side view of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a side view of the novel ferromagnetic material detecting device disposed below the conveyor belt according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a plan view of the novel ferromagnetic material detecting device according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is disposed below the conveyor belt.
FIG. 9 is a front view of the novel ferromagnetic material detecting device disposed under the conveyor belt according to the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 10 is a graph of the first detected strain change of a ferromagnetic material in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a graph of the rate of change of strain of a first sensed ferromagnetic material in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a graph of the strain change of a ferromagnetic material detected second in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a graph of the rate of change of strain of a ferromagnetic material measured second in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 10 and 12, the ordinate is a strain value, and the abscissa is a distance from the ferromagnetic material detected on the conveyor belt 6 to the center of the magnetic block 2 in the material conveying direction, and the unit is m; in fig. 11 and 13, the ordinate is the rate of change of the strain value, and the abscissa is the distance in the material conveying direction from the ferromagnetic material detected on the conveyor belt 6 to the center of the magnetic block 2, and the unit is m.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 3-13, a novel ferromagnetic material detection device comprises a beam 1, a magnetic block 2 and fixing pieces 3 located at the left end and the right end of the beam 1, wherein a strain gauge 4 is arranged in the middle of the lower end face of the beam 1, and the magnetic block 2 is suspended in the middle of the upper end face of the beam 1 through a boss 5.
The beam 1 is hinged with the fixed part 3.
The strain gauge 4 is adhered to the middle of the lower end face of the beam 1.
The boss 5 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the lower end face of the magnetic block 2 and is fixedly connected with the middle part of the upper end face of the beam 1.
A ferromagnetic material 7 detection method using the novel ferromagnetic material detection device comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the novel ferromagnetic material detection device below a conveying belt 6, wherein the length direction of the beam 1 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying belt 6, and the distance from the upper end surface of the magnetic block 2 to the lower end surface of the conveying belt 6 is D;
s2, setting the strain value of the strain gage 4ZIs marked as 0;
s3, after the conveyor belt 6 is started, recording strain values of the strain gauge 4, and obtaining a strain change curve by curve fitting the strain values in each strain change period, where a ordinate of the strain change curve is a strain value, an abscissa of the strain change curve is a distance from the ferromagnetic material on the conveyor belt 6 to the center of the magnetic block 2 in the material conveying direction, and a unit is m, in this embodiment, there are two strain change periods in total, that is, a first detected strain change period of the ferromagnetic material and a second detected strain change period of the ferromagnetic material, and the corresponding strain change curves are the first detected strain change curve of the ferromagnetic material and the second detected strain change curve of the ferromagnetic material;
s4, performing first-order derivation on the two strain change curves to obtain two strain change rate curves, that is, a first detected strain change rate curve of the ferromagnetic material and a second detected strain change rate curve of the ferromagnetic material, where a ordinate of the strain change rate curve is a strain change rate, an abscissa of the strain change rate curve is a distance from the ferromagnetic material on the conveyor belt 6 to the center of the magnetic block 2 in the material conveying direction, and a unit is m;
s5, finding out the abscissa X corresponding to the maximum value of the strain change rate from the strain change rate curvemaxAbscissa X corresponding to minimum value of strain change rateminThe dimension of the ferromagnetic part 7 along the direction of transport corresponding to this strain rate curve is then XMeasuring＝|Xmin-XmaxIn this embodiment, the first oneThe abscissa corresponding to the maximum value of the detected rate of change of strain of the ferromagnetic pieces is-0.07 m, the abscissa corresponding to the minimum value of the first detected rate of change of strain of the ferromagnetic pieces is 0.07m, the dimension of the ferromagnetic piece 7 corresponding to the curve of the rate of change of strain of the first detected ferromagnetic pieces in the conveying direction is 0.14m,
the abscissa corresponding to the maximum value of the second detected strain rate of change of the ferromagnetic material is-0.09 m, and the abscissa corresponding to the minimum value of the second detected strain rate of change of the ferromagnetic material is 0.09m, so that the dimension of the ferromagnetic material 7 corresponding to the second detected strain rate curve of the ferromagnetic material along the material conveying direction is 0.18 m;
s6, obtaining the maximum value of the strain change rate from the maximum value of the strain change rate corresponding to each strain change period, wherein the set of the maximum values of the strain change rate isAccording toThe principle that the larger the size of the corresponding ferromagnetic material 7 is, the larger the size is judgedThe corresponding relative size of the ferromagnetic parts 7, wherein,the maximum value of the strain change rate corresponding to the ith strain change period is 1.8 × 10 in this embodiment, the maximum value of the strain change rate of the first detected ferromagnetic material is-3The maximum value of the second detected strain rate of the ferromagnetic part is 2.1X 10-3If so, the size of the ferromagnetic part 7 corresponding to the first detected ferromagnetic part strain rate curve is smaller than the size of the ferromagnetic part 7 corresponding to the second detected ferromagnetic part strain rate curve.
The strain gauge 4 is connected with a bridge measuring circuit.
The fixing piece 3 is further provided with a through hole 8 for fixing the fixing piece 3.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A novel ferromagnetic material detects device which characterized in that: the strain gauge comprises a beam, magnetic blocks and fixing pieces located at the left end and the right end of the beam, wherein a strain gauge is arranged in the middle of the lower end face of the beam, and the magnetic blocks are suspended in the middle of the upper end face of the beam through bosses.
2. The new ferromagnetic material detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the beam is hinged with the fixed piece.
3. The new ferromagnetic material detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the strain gauge is adhered to the middle of the lower end face of the beam.
4. The new ferromagnetic material detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the boss is fixedly connected with the middle of the lower end face of the magnetic block and is fixedly connected with the middle of the upper end face of the beam.
5. A ferromagnetic material testing method using the novel ferromagnetic material testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, placing at least one novel ferromagnetic material detection device below a conveyor belt, wherein the length direction of a beam is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, and the distance from the upper end face of a magnetic block to the lower end face of the conveyor belt is D;
s2, converting the strain value of the strain gaugeZIs marked as 0;
s3, after the conveyor belt is started, recording strain values of the strain gauge, and obtaining a strain change curve by curve fitting the strain values in each strain change period, wherein the ordinate of the strain change curve is the strain value, and the abscissa of the strain change curve is the distance from the ferromagnetic substance to the center of the magnetic block on the conveyor belt in the material conveying direction;
s4, performing first-order derivation on the strain change curve to obtain a strain change rate curve, wherein the ordinate of the strain change rate curve is the strain change rate, and the abscissa of the strain change rate curve is the distance from the ferromagnetic material to the center of the magnetic block on the conveying belt in the material conveying direction;
s5, finding out the abscissa X corresponding to the maximum value of the strain change rate from the strain change rate curvemaxAbscissa X corresponding to minimum value of strain change rateminThe dimension of the ferromagnetic part along the conveying direction corresponding to the curve of the rate of change of strain is XMeasuring＝|Xmin-Xmax|；
S6, finding the maximum value of the strain change rate from the strain change rate curve corresponding to each strain change period, and obtaining the set of the maximum values of the strain change rate asAccording toThe larger the size of the ferromagnetic material, the larger the size of the ferromagnetic materialThe corresponding ferromagnetic parts are of relative size, wherein,the maximum value of the strain change rate corresponding to the ith strain change period.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: at least one novel ferromagnetic material detection device is arranged below the conveying belt in an array form.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: the strain gauge is connected with the bridge measuring circuit.
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| CN201510564320.4A CN105203624B (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2015-09-07 | Ferromagnetic parts detection device and method |
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| CN201510564320.4A CN105203624B (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2015-09-07 | Ferromagnetic parts detection device and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106517450A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-22 | 大连凯泓科技有限公司 | Wastewater separation device |
| CN108195927A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-22 | 北京工业大学 | Nonferromugnetic material impurity non-destructive testing sensor based on magnetic susceptibility measurement principle |
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