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CN105182620B - 像素结构及驱动方法、显示基板及显示装置 - Google Patents

像素结构及驱动方法、显示基板及显示装置 Download PDF

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CN105182620B
CN105182620B CN201510750515.8A CN201510750515A CN105182620B CN 105182620 B CN105182620 B CN 105182620B CN 201510750515 A CN201510750515 A CN 201510750515A CN 105182620 B CN105182620 B CN 105182620B
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pix
liquid crystal
crystal aligning
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CN105182620A (zh
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高山
黄炜赟
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/503,292 priority patent/US10303002B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/090804 priority patent/WO2017076067A1/zh
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种像素结构及驱动方法、显示基板及显示装置，属于显示技术领域。该像素结构，包括形成在基板上的多个亚像素，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向不完全相同，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向不完全相同。本发明的技术方案能够在不增加液晶显示器的生产成本的情况下，提高液晶显示器的视角对比度。

Description

像素结构及驱动方法、显示基板及显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，特别是指一种像素结构及驱动方法、显示基板及显示装置。
背景技术
平面电场技术是目前TFT-LCD(薄膜晶体管液晶显示器)的一种主流宽视角技术，该技术具有制程相对简单、超宽视角、高开口率、低响应时间等优点。然而，平面电场型LCD存在色偏、侧视角对比度偏低等缺点。
现有技术为了增加液晶显示器的视角对比度，往往需要在液晶显示面板上增加补偿膜，而补偿膜的采用，无疑会增加液晶显示器的生产成本。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种像素结构及驱动方法、显示基板及显示装置，能够在不增加液晶显示器的生产成本的情况下，提高液晶显示器的视角对比度。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的实施例提供技术方案如下：
一方面，提供一种像素结构，包括形成在基板上的多个亚像素，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向不完全相同，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向不完全相同。
进一步地，所述同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向层方向不完全相同，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向层方向不完全相同。
进一步地，所述亚像素为多畴亚像素，每一亚像素中，相邻的畴的液晶取向方向不同。
进一步地，所述亚像素为双畴亚像素。
进一步地，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向镜像对称，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向镜像对称。
进一步地，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直。
进一步地，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直，且同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直。
进一步地，所述基板上还设置有成行排列的多条栅线，所述栅线位于相邻两行亚像素之间，其中，偶数行的栅线与相邻两行亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第一方向的亚像素相连接，奇数行的栅线与相邻两行亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第二方向的亚像素相连接，第一方向与第二方向相垂直。
进一步地，同一栅线连接的两个相邻亚像素的像素电极镜像对称。
进一步地，所述基板上还设置有成列排列的多条数据线，所述数据线位于相邻两列亚像素之间，其中，偶数列的数据线与相邻两列亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第一方向的亚像素相连接，奇数列的数据线与相邻两列亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第二方向的亚像素相连接，第一方向与第二方向相垂直。
进一步地，同一数据线连接的两个相邻亚像素的像素电极镜像对称。
本发明实施例还提供了一种显示基板，包括如上所述的像素结构。
本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的显示基板。
本发明实施例还提供了一种如上所述像素结构的驱动方法，包括：
在进行显示时，根据需要的视角对比度驱动对应液晶取向方向的亚像素进行显示。
本发明的实施例具有以下有益效果：
上述方案中，形成在基板上的多个多畴亚像素中，同一行中相邻亚像素的液晶取向方向不完全相同，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素的液晶取向方向不完全相同，这样能够在不使用补偿膜的情况下，实现多个视角高对比度，并且通过驱动特定液晶取向方向的亚像素，还可以根据需要单独实现左右视角高对比度、上下视角高对比度。
附图说明
图1为竖向双畴像素结构及排列方式的示意图；
图2为横向双畴像素结构及排列方式的示意图；
图3为本发明实施例像素结构及排列方式的示意图；
图4为本发明实施例在显示时亚像素的极性示意图。
附图标记
1栅极 2像素电极 3公共电极 4有源层 5源电极和漏电极
具体实施方式
为使本发明的实施例要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
本发明的实施例针对现有技术中平面电场型LCD存在色偏、侧视角对比度偏低的问题，提供一种像素结构及驱动方法、显示基板及显示装置，能够在不增加液晶显示器的生产成本的情况下，提高液晶显示器的视角对比度。
实施例一
本实施例提供了一种像素结构，包括形成在基板上的多个亚像素，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向不完全相同，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向不完全相同。
本实施例中，形成在基板上的多个多畴亚像素中，同一行中相邻亚像素的液晶取向方向不完全相同，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素的液晶取向方向不完全相同，这样能够在不使用补偿膜的情况下，实现多个视角高对比度，并且通过驱动特定液晶取向方向的亚像素，还可以根据需要单独实现左右视角高对比度、上下视角高对比度。
进一步地，所述同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向层方向不完全相同，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向层方向不完全相同。
进一步地，所述亚像素为多畴亚像素，每一亚像素中，相邻的畴的液晶取向方向不同，这样能够进一步提高液晶显示器的视角对比度。
具体实施例中，亚像素可以均为双畴亚像素。
进一步地，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向镜像对称，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向镜像对称，这样可以实现镜像对称的两个视角的高对比度。
具体实施例中，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直，这样可以实现相互垂直的两个视角的高对比度。
优选实施例中，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直，且同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直，这样可以同时实现相互垂直的两个视角的高对比度。
进一步地，所述基板上还设置有成行排列的多条栅线，所述栅线位于相邻两行亚像素之间，其中，偶数行的栅线与相邻两行亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第一方向的亚像素相连接，奇数行的栅线与相邻两行亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第二方向的亚像素相连接，第一方向与第二方向相垂直，这样在驱动亚像素时，可以通过驱动偶数行的栅线实现第一方向视角的高对比度；通过驱动奇数行的栅线实现第二方向视角的高对比度。
进一步地，同一栅线连接的两个相邻亚像素的像素电极镜像对称，这样可以使得液晶显示器显示的亮度和色彩更均衡。
进一步地，所述基板上还设置有成列排列的多条数据线，所述数据线位于相邻两列亚像素之间，其中，偶数列的数据线与相邻两列亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第一方向的亚像素相连接，奇数列的数据线与相邻两列亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第二方向的亚像素相连接，第一方向与第二方向相垂直，这样在驱动亚像素时，可以通过驱动偶数行的数据线实现第一方向视角的高对比度；通过驱动奇数行的数据线实现第二方向视角的高对比度。
进一步地，同一数据线连接的两个相邻亚像素的像素电极镜像对称，这样可以使得液晶显示器显示的亮度和色彩更均衡。
实施例二
本发明实施例还提供了一种显示基板，包括如上所述的像素结构，该显示基板可以应用于液晶显示面板中。
实施例三
本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的显示基板。其中，显示基板的结构同上述实施例，在此不再赘述。另外，显示装置其他部分的结构可以参考现有技术，对此本文不再详细描述。该显示装置可以为：液晶面板、电子纸、液晶电视、液晶显示器、数码相框、手机、平板电脑等具有任何显示功能的产品或部件。
实施例四
本实施例提供了一种如上所述像素结构的驱动方法，包括：
在进行显示时，根据需要的视角对比度驱动对应液晶取向方向的亚像素进行显示。
本实施例中，形成在基板上的多个多畴亚像素中，同一行中相邻亚像素的液晶取向方向不完全相同，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素的液晶取向方向不完全相同，这样能够在不使用补偿膜的情况下，实现多个视角高对比度，并且通过驱动特定液晶取向方向的亚像素，还可以根据需要单独实现左右视角高对比度、上下视角高对比度。
实施例五
为了改善色偏，可以采用双畴显示的设计，所谓双畴显示，就是在一个亚像素内再分成两个不同的区域，不同区域的液晶的偏转程度不同，从不同角度观看液晶显示面板时，看到的是两个区域的液晶偏转的综合效果，从而降低了因为亚像素内所有液晶偏转相同带来的不同角度上的对比度差异，进而降低色偏，增大视角。目前有两种双畴像素结构，一种是竖向双畴，一种是横向双畴，这两种像素结构的Rubbing(液晶取向)方向是相互垂直的。
图1所示为竖向双畴像素结构及排列方式，像素结构包括有栅极1、像素电极2、公共电极3、有源层4和源漏电极5，如图1所示，竖向双畴像素结构的Rubbing方向平行于亚像素的长边。这种像素结构，在不加任何补偿膜的情况下，平行于亚像素短边的两个视角方向对比度偏低，在平行于亚像素长边的两个视角方向对比度相对较高。
图2所示为横向双畴像素结构及排列方式，像素结构包括有栅极1、像素电极2、公共电极3、有源层4和源漏电极5，如图2所示，横向双畴像素结构的Rubbing方向平行于亚像素的短边。这种像素结构，在不加任何补偿膜的情况下，平行于亚像素短边的两个视角方向对比度偏低，在平行于像素长边的两个视角方向对比度相对较高。
但是上述显示面板仅能实现两个视角方向上的高对比度，并且不能根据需要单独随时调整高对比度的视角。如图3所示，本实施例的像素结构包括形成在基板上、成矩阵排列的多个亚像素，每一亚像素均为双畴亚像素，相邻的畴的液晶取向方向不同，同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直，且同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直。基板上还设置有成列排列的多条数据线，数据线位于相邻两列亚像素之间，相邻的液晶取向方向相同的亚像素的像素电极相对于数据线镜像。其中，偶数列的数据线与相邻两列亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第一方向的亚像素相连接，奇数列的数据线与相邻两列亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第二方向的亚像素相连接，第一方向与第二方向相垂直。
由于本实施例中存在多个不同方向的液晶取向，因此，无法通过摩擦取向技术来实现液晶取向，需要通过光控取向技术来实现多个不同方向的液晶取向。
如图4所示，以“+”代表竖向双畴亚像素，“-”代表横向双畴亚像素为例，如果需要实现显示装置的上下视角高对比度，可以给“+”所对应的亚像素的像素电极加高电压，即给数据线N-2，N，N+2加高电压；如果需要实现显示装置的左右视角高对比度，可以给“-”所对应的亚像素的像素电极加高电压，即给数据线N-1，N+1加高电压；如果需要实现显示装置的上下左右视角均为高对比度，给所有的亚像素的像素电极加高电压即可，即给所有的数据线加高电压。
同理，以“+”代表横向双畴亚像素，“-”代表竖向双畴亚像素为例，如果需要实现显示装置的左右视角高对比度，可以给“+”所对应的亚像素的像素电极加高电压，即给数据线N-2，N，N+2加高电压；如果需要实现显示装置的上下视角高对比度，可以给“-”所对应的亚像素的像素电极加高电压，即给数据线N-1，N+1加高电压；如果需要实现显示装置的上下左右视角均为高对比度，给所有的亚像素的像素电极加高电压即可，即给所有的数据线加高电压。
通过上述技术方案，能够在不使用补偿膜的情况下，实现多个视角高对比度，并且通过驱动特定液晶取向方向的亚像素，还可以根据需要单独实现左右视角高对比度、上下视角高对比度。
本实施例的显示基板的制作方法包括以下步骤：
步骤a：提供一衬底基板，通过一次构图工艺在衬底基板上形成栅电极1和栅线的图形；
步骤b：在经过步骤a的衬底基板上形成栅绝缘层；
步骤c：在经过步骤b的衬底基板上形成有源层4的图形；
步骤d：在经过步骤c的衬底基板上沉积第一透明导电层，形成像素电极2；
步骤e：在经过步骤d的衬底基板上沉积源漏金属层，形成源电极和漏电极5、数据线，漏电极与像素电极2连接；
步骤f：在经过步骤e的衬底基板上形成钝化层，为了尽可能提高显示装置的透过率，钝化层材料可以采用有机树脂；
步骤g：在经过步骤f的衬底基板上沉积第二透明导电层，形成公共电极3。
通过上述步骤a-g即可制作出本实施例的显示基板。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种像素结构，包括形成在基板上的多个亚像素，其特征在于，
同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直，且同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向方向相垂直；
所述基板上还设置有成行排列的多条栅线，所述栅线位于相邻两行亚像素之间，其中，偶数行的栅线与相邻两行亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第一方向的亚像素相连接，奇数行的栅线与相邻两行亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第二方向的亚像素相连接，第一方向与第二方向相垂直；或
所述基板上还设置有成列排列的多条数据线，所述数据线位于相邻两列亚像素之间，其中，偶数列的数据线与相邻两列亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第一方向的亚像素相连接，奇数列的数据线与相邻两列亚像素对应区域中液晶取向方向为第二方向的亚像素相连接，第一方向与第二方向相垂直。
2.根据权利要求1所述的像素结构，其特征在于，所述同一行中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向层方向不完全相同，和/或同一列中相邻亚像素对应区域的液晶取向层方向不完全相同；所述亚像素为多畴亚像素，每一亚像素中，相邻的畴的液晶取向方向不同。
3.根据权利要求2所述的像素结构，其特征在于，所述亚像素为双畴亚像素。
4.根据权利要求1所述的像素结构，其特征在于，同一栅线连接的两个相邻亚像素的像素电极镜像对称。
5.根据权利要求1所述的像素结构，其特征在于，同一数据线连接的两个相邻亚像素的像素电极镜像对称。
6.一种显示基板，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的像素结构。
7.一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求6所述的显示基板。
8.一种如权利要求1-5中任一项所述像素结构的驱动方法，其特征在于，包括：
在进行显示时，根据需要的视角对比度驱动对应液晶取向方向的亚像素进行显示。
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